CN1461877A - 一种往复式活塞内燃机 - Google Patents
一种往复式活塞内燃机 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/1856—Number of cylinders fourteen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines
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- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
一种往复式活塞内燃机,其可以自点火或设置火花点火,设有14个以连续方式布置的汽缸(一排14个)。汽缸的点火顺序以成组方式进行,可分成一汽缸组,和/或两汽缸组,和/或三汽缸组,或与另一个,或部分与另一个,和部分在另一个之后。汽缸的编号从内燃机的一排汽缸的两端之一依序开始。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种往复式活塞内燃机,其具有以连续方式布置的14个汽缸,具体地,涉及低速双冲程柴油发动机。低速柴油发动机一般是每个缸具有数千马力的大型柴油发动机。这些发动机可用于轮船和作为固定发动机用于驱动发电机以生产电力。低速发动机具有的转速范围在大约20到250转/分。
背景技术
对于这种柴油发动机来说,使发动机产生的力和力矩造成的振动保持在某个限度内是非常重要的。这样发动机本身的机械载荷可减少,其工作寿命延长。此外,发电站和轮船的发动机的力矩和力产生的振动可能有很大干扰。重要的干扰参数有:
机械平衡,即发动机的振动和旋转质量产生的外部和内部的自由力和力矩平衡。发动机中不令人满意的机械平衡将导致难以接受的绕发动机横向轴和垂直轴的振动,这将出现不能接受的建筑物和轮船振动。
横向力和横向力矩,即,横向作用在十字联轴节的气体力和惯性力产生的横向(和/或垂直轴向)力和力矩。横向力和横向力矩导致绕发动机纵向轴的振动,和发动机本体在两个端部,前端和后端,之间的扭转振动。
曲轴的扭转振动或曲轴与连接其上的轴的扭转振动,其由作用在曲轴上的谐波的,切线的气体力和惯性力造成。扭转振动主要在曲轴轴柄产生,导致曲轴的扭转振动和整个轴系的振动,并能造成驱动***/输出驱动轴***的不允许的扭转振动和扭转应力。
曲轴的轴向振动或相连接轴的振动,其由作用在曲轴曲柄的谐波的,轴向的,切线的气体力和惯性力造成,在不好的点火次序时,可导致不允许的曲轴轴向振动,并能造成建筑或轮船中发动机的干扰振动。
主轴承的动力,其通过叠加的气体力和惯性力造成,并受到扭转和轴向振动的影响。轴承力过高可导致轴承损坏。
实际上,设计柴油发动机的关键点是在最重要的干扰源和力,振动及力矩的产生源之间找到可接受的折衷。
防止上述种类的振动的设计方案都受到限制,简单地讲是费用的限制。作为另外的方案,选择理想的发动机点火顺序已证明是一种可提高发动机的振动性能的方案。
发明内容
根据本发明的往复式活塞内燃机是一种两冲程往复式活塞内燃机,其特征在于,14个汽缸以连续方式布置,内燃机的曲轴设计成汽缸的点火顺序可通过成组方式进行,可分成一汽缸组和/或两汽缸组,和/或三汽缸组,或在另一个之后,或与另一个一起,或部分与另一个,部分在另一个之后。汽缸编号从内燃机一排汽缸的两端之一依序开始。汽缸组可包括一个汽缸,两个汽缸或三个汽缸。附属权利要求涉及到本发明的优选的实施例。汽缸点火顺序的技巧选择可提供许多低成本的显著改进发动机运转性能的可能性。取决于发动机的目标,在发动机的重要干扰参数之间找到最佳设置,使某些干扰参数可较大或较小程度地得到补偿。
对根据本发明的14个汽缸的双冲程柴油发动机的明确要求可通过阅读下面内容进行了解。
机械平衡,即外部惯性力和力矩应当至少补偿到与带有9个结构形式和结构尺寸相同汽缸的直线式双冲程柴油发动机相同或更高;第三到第八级的横向力和横向力矩应当与带有12个相同结构形式和尺寸的汽缸的直线式双冲程柴油发动机相同或稍小;内惯性力应当小于带有12个汽缸的发动机,或同样小。扭转振动应当低到发动机可以工作,且无须设置另外的扭转阻尼装置;小幅度的轴向振动,即在自由端小于1毫米,不超过大约2毫米,限制发动机输出驱动侧的推力轴承上的力。取决于选择或应用,这种发动机的设计者优选一种或另外的汽缸点火顺序来达到要求。
在根据本发明的14个汽缸双冲程柴油发动机中,若假定曲柄轴柄在整个360度是均匀分布的,理论上可以有超过60亿个可能的点火顺序。如果将所有的对称部分省略,仍有数十亿个可能点火顺序。此外,如果不是均匀分布的,存在无限数目的不同角度的曲柄设置。
通常,应当考虑到,在汽缸点火顺序的编号中,汽缸是沿与转动相反方向进行编号,即,当发动机顺时针方向转动时,汽缸的编号或计算沿逆时针方向,反之亦然,当发动机逆时针方向转动时,汽缸的编号或计算沿顺时针方向。
附图说明
在图1到44中,示意性地显示了具有根据本发明的非常优越的点火顺序的曲柄启动。奇数的附图,即图1,图3直到图43,涉及到如具有14个汽缸的双冲程柴油发动机,其中发动机的编号是连续的,并且汽缸1位于输出驱动侧。偶数的附图,即图2,图4直到图44,涉及到如具有14个汽缸的双冲程柴油发动机,其中发动机的编号是连续的,并且汽缸1位于输出驱动侧的相对侧。
具体实施方式
这种往复式活塞内燃机,其可以自点火或设置火花点火,设有14个以连续方式布置的汽缸(一排14个)。汽缸的点火顺序以成组方式进行,可分成一汽缸组,和/或两汽缸组,和/或三汽缸组,或与另一个,或部分与另一个,和部分在另一个之后。汽缸的编号从内燃机的一排汽缸的两端之一依序开始。
Claims (4)
1.一种两冲程往复式活塞内燃机,尤其是一种低速两冲程柴油机,其特征在于,14个汽缸以连续方式布置,内燃机的曲轴设计成可使汽缸的点火顺序以成组方式进行,可分成一汽缸组和/或两汽缸组,和/或三汽缸组,或在另一个之后,或与另一个一起,或部分与另一个,和部分在另一个之后,所述汽缸的编号从内燃机的一排汽缸的两端之一依序开始。
2.根据权利要求1所述的两冲程往复式活塞内燃机,其特征在于,所述汽缸的编号从输出驱动侧依序开始,从输出驱动侧沿逆时针方向开始的14个汽缸的点火顺序为下列之一:
1/9/13/8/4/3/11/12/7/2/5/14/10/6(图1)或
1/6/10/14/5/2/7/12/11/3/4/8/13/9(图3)或
1/9/13/8/5/2/11/12/7/3/4/14/10/6(图5)或
1/6/10/14/4/3/7/12/11/2/5/8/13/9(图7)或
1/6/10/14/4/3/7/11/12/2/5/8/13/9(图9)或
1/9/13/8/5/2/12/11/7/3/4/14/10/6(图11)或
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/10/13/4/3/8/11/12(图13)或
1/12/11/8/3/4/13/10/7/2/6/14/9/5(图15)或
1/6/10/14/3/4/7/12/11/2/5/8/13/9(图17)或
1/9/13/8/5/2/11/12/7/4/3/14/10/6(图19)或
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/10/13/4/3/8/11/12(图21)或
1/12/11/8/3/4/13/10/7/2/6/14/9/5(图23)或
1/6/13/11/4/3/7/14/9/2/5/10/12/8(图25)或
1/8/12/10/5/2/9/14/7/3/4/11/13/6(图27)或
1/6/12/11/5/3/7/14/9/2/4/13/8/10(图29)或
1/10/8/13/4/2/9/14/7/3/5/11/12/6(图31)或
1/6/12/11/5/3/7/14/9/2/4/13/8/10(图33)或
1/10/8/13/4/2/9/14/7/3/5/11/12/6(图35)或
1/6/13/11/2/7/5/14/9/3/4/10/12/8(图37)或
1/8/12/10/4/3/9/14/5/7/2/11/13/6(图39)或
1/6/12/10/7/3/5/14/11/2/4/9/13/8(图41)或
1/8/13/9/4/2/11/14/5/3/7/10/12/6(图43)
从输出驱动侧的相对侧对汽缸依序编号,从输出驱动侧沿逆时针方向的14个汽缸的点火顺序为下列之一:
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/11/12/4/3/8/13/10(图2)或
1/10/13/8/3/4/12/11/7/2/6/14/9/5(图4)或
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/10/13/4/3/8/12/11(图6)或
1/11/12/8/3/4/13/10/7/2/6/14/9/5(图8)或
1/11/12/8/4/3/13/10/7/2/6/14/9/5(图10)或
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/10/13/3/4/8/12/11(图12)或
1/9/13/8/5/2/11/12/7/4/3/14/10/6(图14)或
1/6/10/14/3/4/7/12/11/2/5/8/13/9(图16)或
1/12/11/8/3/4/13/10/7/2/6/14/9/5(图18)或
1/5/9/14/6/2/7/10/13/4/3/8/11/12(图20)或
1/9/13/8/5/2/11/12/7/4/3/14/10/6(图22)或
1/6/10/14/3/4/7/12/11/2/5/8/13/9(图24)或
1/6/13/10/5/3/7/14/9/2/4/11/12/8(图26)或
1/8/12/11/4/2/9/14/7/3/5/10/13/6(图28)或
1/6/13/11/2/7/5/14/9/3/4/10/12/8(图30)或
1/8/12/10/4/3/9/14/5/7/2/11/13/6(图32)或
1/6/13/11/2/7/5/14/9/3/4/10/12/8(图34)或
1/8/12/10/4/3/9/14/5/7/2/11/13/6(图36)或
1/6/12/11/5/3/7/14/9/2/4/13/8/10(图38)或
1/10/8/13/4/2/9/14/7/3/5/11/12/6(图40)或
1/4/13/11/6/2/7/14/9/3/5/8/12/10(图42)或
1/10/12/8/5/3/9/14/7/2/6/11/13/4(图44)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的双冲程往复式活塞内燃机,其特征在于,一个接一个点火的汽缸的曲轴轴柄的旋转角度差至少近似于360°/14。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的双冲程往复式活塞内燃机,其特征在于,一个接一个点火的汽缸的曲轴轴柄的旋转角度差在0°到2×360°/14的范围内。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP02405423.1 | 2002-05-27 | ||
EP02405423 | 2002-05-27 |
Publications (2)
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CN1461877A true CN1461877A (zh) | 2003-12-17 |
CN1329645C CN1329645C (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
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CNB031238998A Expired - Fee Related CN1329645C (zh) | 2002-05-27 | 2003-05-26 | 一种往复式活塞内燃机 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1367238B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004003489A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100563111B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1329645C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE50302181D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1367238T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL360241A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100346065C (zh) * | 2004-01-28 | 2007-10-31 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | 涡轮增压的直列十四缸二冲程内燃机 |
CN101069003B (zh) * | 2005-12-05 | 2010-05-26 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | 有单列的十五个气缸的两冲程涡轮增压内燃机 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100638710B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-10-26 | 엠에이엔 비앤드떠블유 디젤 에이/에스 | 단일 열에 10 개의 실린더를 가진 2 행정 터보 과급 내연기관 |
CN100420833C (zh) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-09-24 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | 具有单列10缸的两冲程涡轮增压内燃机 |
CH711998A1 (de) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-14 | Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa | Viertakt-Hubkolbenmotor in V-Bauweise mit 20 Zylindern. |
CH711997A1 (de) | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-14 | Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa | Viertakt-Hubkolbenmotor in V-Bauweise mit 16 Zylindern. |
EP3571383B1 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2023-12-13 | Liebherr-Components Colmar SAS | V-type 4-stroke internal combustion engine with 20 cylinders |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB322161A (en) * | 1928-07-26 | 1929-11-26 | Viggo Axel Kjaer | Improvement in internal combustion engines, especially multicylinder engines |
US4121423A (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1978-10-24 | Automotive Propulsion Laboratories, Ltd. | Compound internal-combustion hot-gas engines |
EP0713000B1 (de) * | 1994-11-21 | 1998-08-26 | Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG | Selbstzündende Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
JPH11270307A (ja) | 1998-03-24 | 1999-10-05 | Nippon Seiko Kk | エンジン用組立式カムシャフト |
-
2003
- 2003-04-28 EP EP03405296A patent/EP1367238B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 DE DE50302181T patent/DE50302181D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-28 DK DK03405296T patent/DK1367238T3/da active
- 2003-05-16 KR KR1020030031265A patent/KR100563111B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-20 PL PL03360241A patent/PL360241A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-26 CN CNB031238998A patent/CN1329645C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-26 JP JP2003147069A patent/JP2004003489A/ja active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100346065C (zh) * | 2004-01-28 | 2007-10-31 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | 涡轮增压的直列十四缸二冲程内燃机 |
CN101069003B (zh) * | 2005-12-05 | 2010-05-26 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | 有单列的十五个气缸的两冲程涡轮增压内燃机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK1367238T3 (da) | 2006-03-27 |
DE50302181D1 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
KR20030091679A (ko) | 2003-12-03 |
KR100563111B1 (ko) | 2006-03-27 |
EP1367238A1 (de) | 2003-12-03 |
JP2004003489A (ja) | 2004-01-08 |
EP1367238B1 (de) | 2006-01-11 |
PL360241A1 (en) | 2003-12-01 |
CN1329645C (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
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