CN1451498A

CN1451498A - United corner jointing machine

Info

Publication number: CN1451498A
Application number: CN 03113212
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟春润
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-04-16
Filing date: 2003-04-16
Publication date: 2003-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-16
Also published as: CN1229193C

Abstract

A combined corner-jointing machine is composed of main body, electric motor, speed reducer, working bench, lower and upper holder, upper and lower rolling rollers and their axle with drive gear, vertical rolling roller and its axle with drive gear, and oblique triangular locating plate.

Description

Associating angle linking machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of flanging equipment, specifically a kind of associating angle linking machine that makes sheet metal ventilation shaft associating arm of angle bending joint close.

Background technology

Need a large amount of ventilation shafts that use in occasions such as building ventilation, air-conditioning system, petrochemical industry, factory's dedustings, from safety, long-acting and cost angle, these ventilation shafts adopt the sheet metal manufacturing usually.At present, when making this ventilation shaft, usually utilize nip machine sheet metal to be pressed into the parts and the parts that have right-angle side at associating angle shown in Figure 7, be spliced into blank shown in Figure 8 then, joint at blank has just formed a limit for the treatment of bending naturally, have only this Edge Bend for the treatment of bending is close to draught tube walls, could form complete ventilation shaft, as shown in Figure 9.Owing to do not have special equipment, therefore, can only adopt manual way of beaing that this is treated that bending edges clenches, and makes it joint close.And the manual limit of striking, workload and labour intensity are big on the one hand, and knock causes severe noise to pollute, on the other hand, knock by hand and make the metallic plate extensional, commissure is uneven, can't guarantee the uniformity of faying face, and then influence the air-tightness of ventilation shaft, influence the ventilation quality.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the problem that exists at prior art, design a kind of brand-new associating angle linking machine, people are freed from the heavy physical labor that beats joint close, raise labour productivity and the quality of joint close.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:

A kind of associating angle linking machine comprises lathe bed 1, motor 2, reduction box 3, work top 17, it is characterized in that on described lathe bed 1 lower support 4 being installed, and upper frame 5 is installed on the lower support 4, and the distance between lower support 4 and the upper frame 5 is adjustable; By regulating the distance between upper frame 4 and the lower support 5, can carry out the flanging joint close to the sheet metal of different-thickness; Roll wheel shaft 6 and the vertical axis hole that rolls wheel shaft 8 under the installation level being useful on the lower support 4, institute's axis hole quantity of opening optionally can be from one to tens, be useful on axis hole that rolls wheel shaft 7 on the installation level and the hole that guide pad (9) is installed on the upper frame 5, being used for of being opened on the upper frame 5 rolls the quantity of rolling the axis hole of wheel shaft 6 under the installation level of being opened on quantity and the lower support 4 of axis hole of wheel shaft 7 and should equate in principle on the installation level, so that the wheel of being installed that rolls occurs in pairs; An end that rolls wheel shaft 6 under the level is equipped with and rolls wheel 10 under the level, and the other end is equipped with drive 13; An end that rolls wheel shaft 7 on the level is equipped with and rolls wheel 11 on the level, and the other end is equipped with drive 14, and the lower end of vertically rolling wheel shaft 8 is equipped with horizontal drive 15, and the upper end is equipped with vertically rolls wheel 12, vertically rolls wheel (12) and can do upper and lower and forward and backward moving; One side of lower support 4 is equipped with oblique triangle location-plate 16, and tiltedly the distance of rolling on triangle location-plate 16 and the level between wheel 11 end faces is adjustable, to adapt to the blank seam of different in width.

Upper frame 5 links to each other by screw rod 18 with lower support 4, one end of screw rod 18 is equipped with feedback spring 19, the other end emits 20 to link to each other by screw thread and spiral shell, between nut (20) and upper frame (5), be lined with and adjust spring (23), rotating nut 20 can be adjusted the distance between upper frame 5 and the lower support 4, upper frame 5 and lower support 4 are by slide bar 21 location, when to strengthen between upper frame 5 and the lower support 4 apart from the time, rotating nut 20, produce the gap between nut 20 and the upper frame 5, at this moment, feedback spring 19 moves simultaneously, promoting upper frame moves up for 5 times, make and roll the radially working clearance increase of rolling wheel 11 on wheel 10 and the level under the level, otherwise, rotating nut 20, the elastic force that overcomes feedback spring 19 moves down upper frame 5, makes to roll under the level to roll wheel radially working clearance of 11 on wheel 10 and the level and reduce.

The cross section that being used on the lower support 4 installed the axis hole that vertically rolls wheel shaft 8 is waist shape hole, can forward and backwardly move so that vertically roll wheel shaft 8, vertically rolling wheel shaft 8 is enclosed within the axle sleeve 22, axle sleeve 22 is installed among the waist shape axis hole on the lower support 4, one end of top spring 24 withstands on the axle sleeve 22, and an end of adjusting screw rod 25 contacts with axle sleeve 22, rotates and adjusts screw rod 25, can make and do forward and backward moving in the waist shape axis hole of axle sleeve 22 on lower support 4, drive is vertically rolled wheel shaft 8 and do forward and backward moving in waist shape axis hole; The upper end of vertically rolling wheel shaft 8 is with roll adjustment spring 26, vertically rolls wheel 12 and offsets with roll adjustment spring 26, and adjusting screw 27 links to each other by screw thread with the vertical wheel shaft 8 of rolling, and rotates adjusting screw 27, vertically rolls wheel 12 and does upper and lower mobile along vertically rolling wheel shaft 8.

Roll on the level and roll wheel 10 working faces that are under wheel 11 and the level and be the conical surface, working face is that noncontact cooperates, and it is different to roll the Drawing cone face cone angle of rolling wheel 10 under wheel 11 and the level on every group of level.

Vertically rolling wheel has a step that offsets with workpiece on 12, and the height difference of the different steps that vertically rolls wheel 12, and the height of said step means and vertically rolls the poor of the radius radially of taking turns the working surface on 12 herein.

Tiltedly two ends of triangle location-plate 16 are connected on the feed screw nut 28, screw rodb base 29 is installed on lathe bed 1, and an end of screw mandrel 30 screws in feed screw nut 28, and the other end is bearing in the screw rodb base 29, and sprocket wheel 31 is housed, at least one sprocket wheel 31 links to each other with handwheel 34; Handwheel 34 can adopt the handwheel of band scale.

Sprocket wheel 31 links to each other by chain 32, and swelling spring 33 is housed on chain 32; Handwheel 34 drives the screw mandrel 30 and the sprocket wheel 31 that are linked to each other and rotates, by chain 32 sprocket wheel 31 is rotated synchronously, sprocket wheel 31 drives screw mandrel 30 and rotates, and screw mandrel 30 drives feed screw nut 28 and moves, and feed screw nut 28 drives oblique triangle location-plate 16 and does to be parallel to moving of lower support 4; The effect of swelling spring 33 is the errors that produce when being used for eliminating handwheel 34 rotatings, the sprocket wheel 31 that is positioned at lathe bed 1 two sides is rotated synchronously, guarantee the distance unanimity that oblique triangle location-plate 16 2 ends move, the distance that changes between oblique triangle location-plate 16 and the lower support 4 can realize adjusting the purpose of rolling distance between wheel 11 end faces on oblique triangle location-plate 16 and the level.

Idle wheel 35 is installed between the lower driving wheel 13, between the horizontal drive 15 idle wheel 40 is installed down; Last idle wheel 35 is meshed with lower driving wheel 13 and closes, and lower driving wheel 13 is meshed with last drive 14; Lower driving wheel 13, among drive 14 and last idle wheel 35 threes, have at least one drive sprocket 36 is housed, drive sprocket 36 links to each other with sprocket wheel 38 by driving chain 37; Sprocket wheel (38) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (39); Bevel gear (39) and bevel gear (41) engagement, following idle wheel (40) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (41), following idle wheel 40 is meshed with horizontal drive 15; Bevel gear 41 also can directly link to each other with horizontal drive 15; Going up idle wheel 35 when having only a lower driving wheel 13 can save, and when in like manner having only a horizontal drive 15, following idle wheel 40 also can save.

Gear-box 3 is meshed with lower driving wheel 13, also can be meshed with last idle wheel 35; Horizontal drive 15 also can directly link to each other with gear-box 3.

Have the axis hole that locating piece 9 is installed on upper frame 5, locating piece 9 is installed in the axis hole, also can be directly and upper frame (5) make an integral body.

The invention has the advantages that:

Thoroughly be through with and manually strike the history of system ventilation shaft jointing edge, the history that ventilation shaft associating angle joint close does not have special equipment is gone for ever, from then on move towards mechanization production, it has improved production efficiency greatly, alleviated working strength of workers, the ventilation shaft jointing edge that utilizes associating of the present invention angle linking machine to process smooth smooth, air-tightness good, elegant in appearance.

Associating of the present invention angle linking machine also has simple in structure, and versatility is good.Because the adjustable gaps between upper frame 5 and the lower support 4, therefore the associating angle joint close of ventilation shaft that can be used for the sheet metal of different-thickness, simultaneously owing to oblique triangle location-plate 16 can move forward and backward, therefore can be used for different associating angle joint closes of uniting the ventilation shaft of angular breadth, solved the versatility problem of equipment well.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to view (being the transmission mechanism schematic diagram).

Fig. 3 is upper frame 5 of the present invention and lower support 4 syndeton schematic diagrames.

Fig. 4 is an oblique triangle location-plate schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 rolls on the level of the present invention to roll wheel 10 flanging course of work schematic diagrames under wheel 11 and the level.

Fig. 6 is that the present invention vertically rolls wheel 12 and presses and to add work process schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is the sheet metal cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of press forming in the background technology.

Fig. 8 is the ventilation shaft cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of joint close not in the background technology.

Fig. 9 is the ventilation shaft cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram after the moulding.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

As shown in Figure 1, associating of the present invention angle linking machine comprises lathe bed 1, motor 2, reduction box 3, work top 17, and lower support 4 is installed on lathe bed 1, and upper frame 5 is installed on the lower support 4, and the distance between lower support 4 and the upper frame 5 is adjustable; End at lower support 4 has the horizontal shaft hole that is used for rolling under five installation levels wheel shaft 6, and the other end has three and is used to install the vertical axis hole that vertically rolls wheel shaft 8, and the cross section of a wherein leftmost vertical axis hole is a waist shape axis hole; Have five horizontal shaft holes that are used for rolling on the installation level wheel shaft 7 on the upper frame 5; Also have the axis hole of five installation locating pieces 9 on upper frame 5, locating piece 9 adopts the straight pin structure, and an end of straight pin is cut an oblique angle, and straight pin is installed in this axis hole.Straight pin contacted with the straight flange of blank when associating of the present invention angle linking machine was worked, to guarantee carrying out smoothly of flanging joint close process.

An end that rolls wheel shaft 6 under the level is equipped with and rolls wheel 10 under the level, and the other end is equipped with lower driving wheel 13; An end that rolls wheel shaft 7 on the level is equipped with and rolls wheel 11 on the level, and the other end is equipped with drive 14, and the upper end of vertically rolling wheel shaft 8 is equipped with vertically rolls wheel 12, and the lower end is equipped with horizontal drive 15; One side of lower support 4 is equipped with oblique triangle location-plate 16, and the schematic cross-sectional view of oblique triangle location-plate 16 is seen Fig. 4, and its triangle wedge angle is used to insert among the gap of blank, and its insertion state can be referring to Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5; Tiltedly the distance of rolling on triangle location-plate 16 and the level between wheel 11 end faces is adjustable.

Upper frame 5 links to each other by two screw rods 18 with lower support 4, one end of screw rod 18 is equipped with feedback spring 19, the other end emits 20 to link to each other by screw thread and spiral shell, between nut (20) and upper frame (5), be lined with and adjust spring (23), rotating nut 20 can be adjusted the distance between upper frame 5 and the lower support 4, upper frame 5 and lower support 4 are by two slide bars, 21 location, when to strengthen between upper frame 5 and the lower support 4 apart from the time, rotating nut 20, gap between nut 20 and the upper frame 5 increases, at this moment, feedback spring 19 moves simultaneously, and promote upper frame 5 and move up, otherwise, rotating nut 20, the elastic force that overcomes feedback spring 19 moves down upper frame 5.

Being used on the lower support 4 installed three axis holes that vertically roll wheel shaft 8, and to have one cross section at least be waist shape hole, also three axis holes all can be made waist shape axis hole, a leftmost axis hole is made waist shape axis hole in the present embodiment, does forward and backward moving so that vertically roll wheel shaft 8.Vertically roll and be enclosed within axle sleeve 22 on the wheel shaft 8, axle sleeve 22 is installed in the above-mentioned waist shape axis hole, one end of top spring 24 withstands on the axle sleeve 22, an end of adjusting screw rod 25 contacts with axle sleeve 22, rotate and adjust screw rod 25, axle sleeve 22 is forward and backward moving in above-mentioned waist shape axis hole, and drive is vertically rolled wheel shaft 8 and also do forward and backward moving in above-mentioned waist shape axis hole; The upper end of vertically rolling wheel shaft 8 is with roll adjustment spring 26, vertically rolling wheel 12 offsets with roll adjustment spring 26, adjusting screw 27 links to each other by screw thread and is pressed in vertical rolling on the wheel 12 with the vertical wheel shaft 8 that rolls, and rotates adjusting screw 27, vertically rolls wheel 12 and moves axially along vertically rolling wheel shaft 8.This structure makes that vertically rolling wheel 12 can do to move up and down and can do and move forward and backward, and the purpose that moves up and down is to be in order to adapt to different blank thickness in order to adapt to the arm of angle of different length, to move forward and backward.

Roll on the level and roll wheel 10 working face under wheel 11 and the level and be the conical surface, it is different to roll the working face conical surface cone angle that rolls wheel 10 under wheel 11 and the level on every group of level, and becomes big step by step.As shown in Figure 5, roll the angle of rolling the work conical surface of wheel 10 under wheel 11 and the level on five groups of levels of present embodiment and become big gradually, cone angle is respectively 15 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, and its angle for the treatment of flanging and straight flange is dwindled gradually when whenever rolling wheel by one group with the associating angle that guarantees ventilation shaft.

Because rolling the tapering of wheels mating surface is affected, treat flanging and right-angle side joint close not yet through the associating angle after five groups of press nips bendings, must be through vertically rolling wheel 12 further bendings, for this reason present embodiment designed three vertically roll the wheel 12 make treat flanging progressively with the right-angle side joint close, each vertically roll wheel 12 have on all one with the step for the treatment of that flanging offsets, and each vertically rolls the height difference of the step of wheel 12, and the leftmost wheel 12 that vertically rolls is processed with a taper seat, sees shown in the accompanying drawing 6; Remove three in the present embodiment and vertically roll wheel 12 and all can do upper and lower mobile adjustment, the wherein leftmost wheel 12 that vertically rolls can also move forward and backward adjustment.

Tiltedly two ends of triangle location-plate 16 link to each other with two feed screw nuts 28 respectively, left and right two sides at lathe bed 1 all are installed with screw rodb base 29, one end of left and right screw mandrel 30 screws mutually with corresponding feed screw nut 28, the other end is bearing in respectively on the left and right screw rodb base 29, and be connected to sprocket wheel 31, wherein on the screw mandrel 30 of right-hand member, handwheel 34 is housed also, has scale on the handwheel 34.The sprocket wheel 31 of left and right two sides links to each other by chain 32, and swelling spring 33 is housed on chain 32; Rotate handwheel 34, handwheel 34 drives the screw mandrel 30 on the right side that is linked to each other and the sprocket wheel 31 on right side rotates, by chain 32 sprocket wheel 31 in left side is rotated synchronously, the sprocket wheel 31 in left side drives the screw mandrel 30 that links to each other and rotates, the screw mandrel 30 of two sides drives corresponding feed screw nut's 28 same moved further, and the feed screw nut 28 of two sides drives oblique triangle location-plate 16 same moved further; The effect of swelling spring 33 is gaps of the screw mandrel 30 asynchronous rotations that cause when being used for eliminating handwheel 34 rotatings, thereby the sprocket wheel 31 that is positioned at lathe bed 1 two sides is rotated synchronously, guarantees that the distance that oblique triangle location-plate 16 2 ends move is consistent.

Between 35, three horizontal drives 15 of idle wheel two following idle wheels 40 are installed, one of them and 41 coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear being equipped with between five lower driving wheels 13 on four; Last idle wheel 35 is meshed with lower driving wheel 13, and lower driving wheel 13 is meshed with last drive 14; Lower driving wheel 13 in the middle of gear-box 3 drives rotates, lower driving wheel 13 drives upward when driving upward drive 14 rotations, and idle wheel 35 rotates, last idle wheel 35 drives the lower driving wheel 13 that is meshed with it more respectively and rotates, lower driving wheel 13 drives drive 14 again and rotates, so circulation makes drive 14 and lower driving wheel 13 rotations on all.On the lower driving wheel 13 of right-hand member drive sprocket 36 is housed, drive sprocket 36 links to each other sprocket wheel (38) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (39) by driving chain 37 with sprocket wheel 38; Bevel gear (39) and bevel gear (41) engagement, following idle wheel (40) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (41), following idle wheel 40 is meshed with horizontal drive 15.The lower driving wheel 13 of right-hand member drives drive sprocket 36 and rotates, drive sprocket wheel 38 by driving chain 37 and rotate, sprocket wheel 38 drives bevel gear 39 and rotates, and bevel gear 39 drives coaxial with it following idle wheel 40 and rotates, following idle wheel 40 drives horizontal drive 15 again and rotates, and vertically rolls wheel 12 rotations thereby drive.

The process of the adjustment of associating of the present invention angle linking machine and concrete work is: at first treat the thickness adjustment upper frame 5 of flanging and the distance between the lower support 4 according to blank, roll the radial clearance of rolling wheel 10 under wheel 11 and the level on the adjustment level thereby reach; And then roll the distance of taking turns between 10 end faces under wheel 11 and the level according to rolling on the oblique triangle location-plate 16 of width adjustment at blank associating angle and the level; and the oblique triangle the top of the horn that guarantees oblique triangle location-plate 16 inserts in the slit at blank associating angle; start power supply; the ventilation duct blank is advanced to vertically roll wheel 12 places; shut down the back and adjust three height that vertically roll the step of wheel 12; restarting power supply makes the ventilation shaft blank continue to move ahead; up to rightmost vertically roll the wheel 12 push down blank treat shut down behind the flanging; check the joint close situation; if joint close is undesirable; adjusting adjustment screw rod 25 makes and vertically rolls wheel 12 work front and back to mobile; up to reaching satisfied tooled joint effect for this reason; this extremely, the linking machine adjustment of associating of the present invention angle finishes, and can begin in enormous quantities the blank flanging joint close to same size.If the blank specification changes, then can adjust the position of respective change by above-mentioned steps.

Claims

1, a kind of associating angle linking machine, comprise lathe bed (1), motor (2), reduction box (3), work top (17), it is characterized in that being equipped with on the described lathe bed (1) lower support (4), upper frame (5) is installed on the lower support (4), and the distance between lower support (4) and the upper frame (5) is adjustable; On lower support (4), be useful on and roll wheel shaft (6) and the vertical axis hole that rolls wheel shaft (8) under the installation level, be useful on axis hole that rolls wheel shaft (7) on the installation level and the hole that guide pad (9) is installed on the upper frame (5); An end that rolls wheel shaft (6) under the level is equipped with and rolls wheel (10) under the level, and the other end is equipped with lower driving wheel (13); An end that rolls wheel shaft (7) on the level is equipped with and rolls wheel (11) on the level, the other end is equipped with drive (14), the lower end of vertically rolling wheel shaft (8) is equipped with horizontal drive (15), and the upper end is equipped with vertically rolls wheel (12), vertically rolls wheel (12) and can do upper and lower and forward and backward moving; One side of lower support (4) is equipped with oblique triangle location-plate (16), and tiltedly the distance of rolling between the wheel (11) on triangle location-plate (16) and the level is adjustable.

2, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine, it is characterized in that described upper frame (5) links to each other by screw rod (18) with lower support (4), one end of screw rod (18) is equipped with feedback spring (19), the other end emits (20) to link to each other by screw thread with spiral shell, between nut (20) and upper frame (5), be lined with and adjust spring (23), rotating nut (20) can be adjusted the distance between upper frame (5) and the lower support (4), and upper frame (5) and lower support (4) are by slide bar (21) location.

3, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine, it is characterized in that the cross section that being used on the described lower support (4) install the axis hole vertically roll wheel shaft (8) is waist shape hole, vertically rolling wheel shaft (8) is enclosed within the axle sleeve (22), axle sleeve (22) is installed among the waist shape axis hole on the lower support (4), one end of top spring (24) withstands on the axle sleeve (22), an end of adjusting screw rod (25) contacts with axle sleeve (22), rotate and adjust screw rod (25), before doing in the waist shape axis hole of axle sleeve (22) on lower support (4), move the back, and drive is vertically rolled wheel shaft (8) and moved in waist shape axis hole; The upper end of vertically rolling wheel shaft (8) is with roll adjustment spring (26), vertically rolling wheel (12) offsets with roll adjustment spring (26), adjusting screw (27) links to each other by screw thread with the vertical wheel shaft (8) that rolls, rotate adjusting screw (27), vertically roll wheel (12) and do upper and lower moving along the axis that vertically rolls wheel shaft (8).

4, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine is characterized in that rolling on the described level working face that rolls wheel (10) under wheel (11) and the level and is the conical surface, and it is different to roll the Drawing cone face cone angle of rolling wheel (10) under wheel (11) and the level on every group of level.

5, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine is characterized in that described vertically rolling has a step that offsets with workpiece on the wheel (12), and the height difference of the different steps that vertically rolls wheel (12).

6, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine, two ends that it is characterized in that described oblique triangle location-plate (16) are connected on the feed screw nut (28), on lathe bed (1), be fixed with screw rodb base (29), one end of screw mandrel (30) screws in feed screw nut (28), the other end is bearing in the screw rodb base (29), and sprocket wheel (31) is housed, have at least a sprocket wheel (31) to link to each other with handwheel (34).

7,, it is characterized in that described sprocket wheel (31) links to each other by chain (32), is equipped with swelling spring (33) on chain (32) according to claim 1 and the described associating of claim 6 angle linking machine; Handwheel (34) drives the screw mandrel (30) and the sprocket wheel (31) that are linked to each other and rotates, by chain (32) sprocket wheel (31) is rotated synchronously, sprocket wheel (31) drives screw mandrel (30) and rotates synchronously, screw mandrel (30) drives feed screw nut (28) and moves, and feed screw nut (28) drives oblique triangle location-plate (16) and does to be parallel to moving of lower support (4).

8, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine is characterized in that idle wheel (35) is installed between the described lower driving wheel (13), and idle wheel (40) is installed down between the horizontal drive (15); Last idle wheel (35) is meshed with lower driving wheel (13), and lower driving wheel (13) is meshed with last drive (14); Among lower driving wheel (13), last drive (14) and last idle wheel (35) three, have at least one drive sprocket (36) is housed, drive sprocket (36) links to each other sprocket wheel (38) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (39) by driving chain (37) with sprocket wheel (38); Bevel gear (39) and bevel gear (41) engagement, following idle wheel (40) and coaxial linking to each other of bevel gear (41), following idle wheel (40) is meshed with horizontal drive (15); Bevel gear (39) also can directly link to each other with horizontal drive (15).

9,, it is characterized in that described gear-box (3) is meshed with lower driving wheel (13), also can be meshed with last idle wheel (35) according to claim 1 and the described associating of claim 9 angle linking machine; Horizontal drive (15) also can directly link to each other with gear-box (3).

10, according to claim 1 and the described associating of claim 6 angle linking machine, it is characterized in that having scale on the described handwheel.

11, associating according to claim 1 angle linking machine is characterized in that guide pad (9) and upper frame (5) are as a whole.