CN1422830A - Fertilizer special for vegetable - Google Patents
Fertilizer special for vegetable Download PDFInfo
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- CN1422830A CN1422830A CN 01131601 CN01131601A CN1422830A CN 1422830 A CN1422830 A CN 1422830A CN 01131601 CN01131601 CN 01131601 CN 01131601 A CN01131601 A CN 01131601A CN 1422830 A CN1422830 A CN 1422830A
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Abstract
The invention refers to a vegetable fertilizer. Its character as follows: it mainly includes potassium sulphate, urea, common calcium, ammonium chloride, borax and ammonium molybdate. The formula is scientific, the elements are balanceable and the technique is advanced. It can obviously improve the quality of product. The experimental result in the vegetable base indicates that it can increase production of many vegetables such as tomato, eggplant and capsicum and prolong the fruit period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable.
Background technology
Recently, big and medium-sized cities population constantly increases, old field of vegetables reduces gradually, new field of vegetables constantly enlarges, and wide variation have also taken place for the kind and the level of vegetables fertilising, and the regional organic fertilizer that has is used minimizing, the chemical fertilizer amount of application but increases day by day, phenomenons such as and kind is single, and diazonium fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer gently, and the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer is lower.These factors cause the soil organism to descend, soil buffer action ability variation, and vegetable crop can not get enough nutrients, causes vegetable crop to descend, and the product qualitative change is bad.The application technique of fertilizer is briefly introduced in now vegetables being produced.
Fertilizer is used improper harm to vegetables: the subject matter that exists in the vegetables fertilising is that fertilizer amount is too many, and is excessive with inorganic nitrogen especially.Owing to the nitrogen cooperations that lack other nutritive elements more, can cause quality of vegetable to descend, cause not storage tolerance as the mashed dish of easy generation, taste variation etc., these can easily be paid attention to by the people by perceptual shape, but the too much accumulation of nitrate, its potential hazardness is difficult for being discovered by the people.Too much nitrogen is manured into soil, and with the downward leaching of water, with improving the content of nitrate in groundwater, causes Ecological environment worsening.
The excess of nitrogenous fertilizer is used, and the nitrate content in environment and the crop is increased.Though itself does not have toxicity nitrate, to take in human body in a large number and easily be reduced into nitrite, the nitrosamine that nitrite and amine generate is one of very strong compound of carinogenicity, lures the cancer time to increase with intake and shorten.Vegetables very easily absorb and enrichment nitrate, and the nitrate that human body is taken in is from vegetables more than 70%, studies show that nitrate content is very big at the vegetable variety differences, is followed successively by: leaf vegetables＞root vegetables＞green onion garlic class＞melon and fruit class＞beans＞solanberry class.The World Health Organization and Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO's regulation: vegetables edible portion nitrate content should be lower than the bright sample of 432mg/kg.
Under high nitrogen condition, regardless of the proportioning of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, total nitrate content still is the situation of tending towards superiority, and illustrates that nitrogen is more much bigger than phosphorus, potassium to the influence of nitrate content in the vegetables body.Will cause nitrate accumulation in a large number in vegetable plant strain so use inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer in a large number.
The potash fertilizer consumption is low excessively: vegetables are happiness potassium crops, if with nitrogen be absorbed as 100, then potassium be absorbed as 105-250, average out to 150-160 is than field crop height.Vegetable crop all needs potassium from early growth period to the growth later stage, and whichever stage potassium deficiency all can cause the underproduction, even causes adverse consequences, and fruit vegetables late growth stage potassium deficiency will cause the significantly underproduction.
Potassium is to improving quality, and reducing Nitrate Accumulation has unusual effect.Think the rich potassium of soil itself for a long time, potassium application (especially northern area) seldom causes that quick-acting potassium content descends rapidly in the soil.Because the nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio imbalance, thereby reduced the ability of regulation and control of potassium to nitrate.Therefore, promote rational application of fertilizers on vegetable crop, reasonably applied nitrogen is to reduce the fertilizer waste, reduces production costs, and improves quality of vegetable, keeps an important technique measure of the normal equilibrium of nitrogen in the ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following mode: this special-purpose fertilizer comprises vitriolate of tartar, urea, general calcium, ammonium chloride, borax, ammonium molybdate, specialist additive.
Vegetables inhale fertile rule: vegetable crop is the same with field crop, and each growth and development stage all has different requirements to kind, quantity and the ratio of nutritive element, the stage of crop absorption nutrition that Here it is.The rule that crop absorbs nutrient is: quantity, intensity that early growth period absorbs are all lower, strengthen gradually subsequently, to the stage of maturity, are tending towards again weakening.
Trace element to the influence of quality of vegetable is: the shortage of trace element means the forfeiture of important metabolic function in the plant materials, thereby the results quality is descended.Trace element is vital to people's health, and itself having at 4 o'clock also is a kind of quality index.In the vegetable products, content of elements is widely different.Then can produce toxin when micronutrient levels is too high.
Iron in the iron melon dish product is the important supply source of human iron.Content in the product changes with soil content, and the influence of soil acidity or alkalinity is than executing important many of iron fertilizer.
Manganese is a kind of important quality index.Execute the content that manganese can improve VITAMIN (as carotene, vitamins C).It is bigger influenced by edaphic condition in iron phase.
Copper is executed the content that copper can improve Protein content and quality and raising and protein related substance.
Zinc is a kind of important quality index, often influences the growth of height and intelligence when lacking zinc in the human body.
Boron is executed boron and can be increased sucrose content, and can improve the output and the quality of crop in cruciferae.
The molybdenum molybdenum is that Protein content and quality are improved to the influence of quality.Children are for a long time edible to be contained the low vegetables of molybdenum and can suffer from carious tooth.Molybdenum can promote nitrogen fixation, can improve the nitrogen content of leguminous crop, improves Protein content.
The control nitrogen fertilizer amount, reasonably nitrogen fertilizer amount also has some improvement to the qualities of vegetables except the output that can improve vegetables, and therefore rationally applied nitrogen is one of vegetables subject matter of producing.
Increase the potash fertilizer consumption, enrich potash fertilizer and can improve vegetable crop on the one hand, can make Nitrate Accumulation reduction in the vegetables on the other hand, improve quality of vegetable.Vegetable crop happiness potash fertilizer, to absorb nitric nitrogen in a large number relevant with vegetables.NO3 is a negatively charged ion, crop root must absorb the such positively charged ion of potassium in a large number to reach intravital ionic equilibrium when absorbing negatively charged ion, the potassium amount that most of vegetable crops absorb is higher than nitrogen, studies show that, join potassium application at nitrogen, phosphorus on the basis, can make nitrate salts content of vegetable reduce 12.9%-237.2%, the nitrate of green vegetables reduces by 28.2%, the nitrate of romaine lettuce reduces 12.0%-217.4%, and the nitrate reduction amount of celery then increases with the rising of amount of potassium applied.Only replenish the potassium element at present and can not satisfy vegetables production needs far away, must enrich a certain amount of potash fertilizer with the fertilizer form.Among the present invention, vitriolate of tartar amount of application be 20% ~ 35% (weight).
Hand over to mix use with organic fertilizer, chemistry, physics and biological character that organic fertilizer can comprehensive improvement soil, its effect be inorganic fertilizer can't be obtained.Plant radish under the identical situation of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, organic fertilizer compares to fertilize, and nitrate content reduces about 45%.Celery organic fertilizer nitrate content is 744mg/kg, is 1480m/kg to fertilize, and green manuring can be improved the soil in good time.Therefore, use this special use fertilizer to mix to execute and to obtain better effect with organic fertilizer.
Chloride ion content is controlled in strictness well, and chlorine participates in photosynthesis, keeps charge balance and turgescence in the cell, and an amount of chlorine helps the synthetic of carbohydrate and transforms; Improve the disease resistance of crop.But many melon vegetables are to avoid chlorine products, and the too high meeting of cl content brings very adverse influence for the growth of vegetables, can cause quality of vegetable to descend simultaneously.Among the present invention, the amount of application of urea is 10% ~ 18% (weight), and the amount of application of monoammonium phosphate is 10% ~ 15% (weight).
Add a certain amount of trace element, when the special-purpose fertilizer of preparation, replenish some trace elements, though little fertile amount is few, effective.As: molybdenum can make nitrate content reduction 14.8%-228.1% in the romaine lettuce, and the nitrate content of Chinese cabbage, spinach reduces more than 50%.Among the present invention, the amount of application of ammonium molybdate is 0.02% ~ 0.05% (weight).
Need the high boron of boron amount insoluble or solubility with mineral-type in making object to exist, rather than exist with organic compound.Solubility boron content is than dicotyledons height in the general monocotyledons body, and it is the utilization ratio height again.Vegetable crop belongs to dicotyledons more, so it needs the boron amount also just more.Among the present invention, the amount of application of borax is 5% ~ 10% (weight).
Vegetable crop nutrient uptake feature and absorbing rule are: field of vegetables multiple crop index height, and the biological yield height, different vegetable varieties, the requirement of condition and nutrient uptake feature difference to external world, but comparing the characteristics that oneself is arranged aspect the absorption of nutritive element with field crop.
The nutrient uptake feature of vegetable crop is: 1, fertilizer requirement is big, vegetable crop output height, and nutritive element contents such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium have the big characteristics of fertilizer requirement all than field crop height so compare with field crop in cauline leaf and the edible organs; 2, the fertile intensity of suction is big, and the ratio of the elongation band of vegetable crop root (the root hair is given birth to band) in whole plant generally is higher than field crop, and this position is a most active part in the root system, and its receptivity and oxidizing power are strong.Moreover, root system base-exchange capacity height, the crop root base-exchange capacity is one of leading indicator of root system vigor, vegetable crop root system base-exchange capacity is than the field crop height; 3, mostly be happiness nitric nitrogen crop, most vegetables are under complete nitric nitrogen condition, and output is the highest, and to the ammonium nitrogen sensitivity, ammonium nitrogen accounts for total nitrogen content above behind the certain proportion, growth retardation, and output descends.Generally speaking, the ratio of ammonium nitrogen in using should not surpass 1/3 to 1/4; 4, need the high boron of boron amount insoluble or solubility with mineral-type in making object to exist, rather than exist with organic compound.Solubility boron content is than dicotyledons height in the general monocotyledons body, and it is the utilization ratio height again.Vegetable crop belongs to dicotyledons more, so it needs the boron amount also just more; 5, need calcium amount height, calcium form with calcium pectinate in making object exists, and is the integral part of cell walls mesogloea.Vegetable crop need absorb that the quantity of calcium is more, and reason is that many vegetables itself are leguminous crops, needs the calcium amount big; Another reason be in the calcium energy and the crop metabolism process in formed organic acid.
Adopt the present invention, because it is big, in, trace element and some particular matters compositions favourable to crop growth, prescription is a science, element is an equilibrated, technology is advanced, especially potash fertilizer and trace element all are the requirements according to crop, customize targetedly, so can significantly improve product quality, result in the test of vegetables base shows, compare tomato with common composite fertilizer, eggplant, capsicum, the first-class various vegetables of Onion both showed to be increased production, and improves quality again, and prolongation fruiting period, fruit shape increases, and can put forward the good result of listing the last week substantially, is subjected to liking of vegetable grower deeply.
Embodiment
Scheme one: concentration fertilizer special for vegetable among the 10-8-16
Vitriolate of tartar: 320 kilograms of urea: 160 kilograms
Monoammonium phosphate: 150 kilograms of general calcium: 80 kilograms
Ammonium chloride: 100 kilograms of boraxs: 10 kilograms
Ammonium molybdate: 0.5 kilogram of specialist additive: 179.5 kilograms
Scheme two: 7-6-12 lower concentration fertilizer special for vegetable
Vitriolate of tartar: 240 kilograms of urea: the general calcium of 120 kg: 368 kilograms of ammonium chlorides: 57 kilograms of boraxs: 6 kilograms of ammonium molybdates: 0.3 kilogram of specialist additive: 208.7 kilograms
Claims (4)
1, a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable is characterized in that: this special-purpose fertilizer mainly comprises vitriolate of tartar, urea, general calcium, ammonium chloride, borax, ammonium molybdate.
2, a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in this special-purpose fertilizer, the content of vitriolate of tartar is 20% ~ 35% (weight).
3, a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in this special-purpose fertilizer, content of urea is 10% ~ 18% (weight).
4, a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in this special-purpose fertilizer, the content of borax is 5% ~ 10% (weight).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01131601 CN1422830A (en) | 2001-12-07 | 2001-12-07 | Fertilizer special for vegetable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01131601 CN1422830A (en) | 2001-12-07 | 2001-12-07 | Fertilizer special for vegetable |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1422830A true CN1422830A (en) | 2003-06-11 |
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| CN 01131601 Pending CN1422830A (en) | 2001-12-07 | 2001-12-07 | Fertilizer special for vegetable |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101830752A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Special fertilizer for fruit vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN101928171A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-12-29 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Fertilizer special for leafy vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN104017583A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables |
| CN104418658A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-18 | 张誉译 | Special compound microbial fertilizer for lettuce |
| CN106673836A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-17 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | Foliar fertilizer capable of increasing selenium content of chilies |
| CN106800456A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer for reducing pakchoi disease |
| CN109422550A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-03-05 | 聂后昌 | The method of big onion head of cultivation |
-
2001
- 2001-12-07 CN CN 01131601 patent/CN1422830A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101830752A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Special fertilizer for fruit vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN101928171A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-12-29 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Fertilizer special for leafy vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN101830752B (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2012-10-17 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Special fertilizer for fruit vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN104418658A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-18 | 张誉译 | Special compound microbial fertilizer for lettuce |
| CN104017583A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil conditioner for saline water irrigation of saline-alkali land facility vegetables |
| CN104017583B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-08-25 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner of salt-soda soil facilities vegetable irrigation with saline water |
| CN106673836A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-17 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | Foliar fertilizer capable of increasing selenium content of chilies |
| CN106800456A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 安徽徽普生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer for reducing pakchoi disease |
| CN109422550A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-03-05 | 聂后昌 | The method of big onion head of cultivation |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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