CN1420801A - 交叉流过滤单元 - Google Patents
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- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
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- B01D69/1218—Layers having the same chemical composition, but different properties, e.g. pore size, molecular weight or porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2315/10—Cross-flow filtration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种改进的交叉流过滤单元，用来通过液体介质的交叉流过滤分离物质并获取滤液和/或浓缩物中的目标物质。其特征是，改进的过滤效率和更高的产品收得率。本发明的交叉流过滤单元所具有这样的过滤材料，即它由两种彼此叠在一起的微孔膜层组成，其中，朝向滤液会集缝的膜层具有从1000道尔顿至1.2微米排除限界的空间限值的范围内的平均孔径，它们挡住从通道通过膜层的浓缩物，其中，朝向溢流缝的膜层至少具有一种大约1.3倍的平均孔径。利用该交叉流过滤单元可过滤液体、乳浊液、悬浮液、饮料、水和制药、医学、美容、化学、生物技术、一般技术、环境保护和实验室等领域的溶液，以便用于获得有价物质、物质分离、消毒灭菌、分离有害物质、大分子有机物或细胞组分、蛋白质溶液及其它生物医学介质的去盐和浓缩。
Description
本发明涉及一种改进的交叉流过滤单元，它用来通过液体介质的交叉流过滤分离物质并获得滤液中和/或浓缩物中的目标物质。
利用本发明改进的交叉流过滤单元，流体，如液体、乳浊液、悬浮液、饮料如啤酒、葡萄酒、果液、水和牛奶，乳清、啤酒麦芽液、工业用水和废水，制药、医学、美容，化学、生物技术、生态学、环境保护和实验室领域中的溶液等均可被过滤。它们可用于例如大分子和生物分子的有价值物质获取、物质分离，用于溶液的热解和结晶，用于从流体中去除有害物，可用于生物溶液的过滤和浓缩，用于微生物，如细菌、酵母、病毒和细胞组分的分离，用于蛋白质溶液的去盐和用于其它生物医学领域。
在交叉流过滤时，要过滤的供料液体沿切线流过过滤器材料的表面并在此被分成浓缩液和滤液。作为过滤材料，通常采用在超滤和微量过滤范围内的微孔膜。
超滤膜以平均孔径及排除范围为特征，为阻挡大分子，它们的摩尔质量在500和1.000.000道尔顿范围之间，而微滤膜的平均孔径在0.01至10微米范围内。“平均孔径”，“排除限界”及其它们的测量等概念的使用与由Huethig Buch出版社于1990年出版，H.Gasper编辑的“工业固体/液体过滤手册”Scheiermann写作的第4.3.3章“膜”250至262页的论述一致。浓缩液在膜的溢流表面被排出并可在循环中被重新送回，因此它重复溢过膜表面。垂直于表面流过膜的滤液被从膜的下侧排出。所要获得目标物质可包含在滤液(过滤物)和/或浓缩液(浓缩物)内。交叉流过滤单元通常以过滤盒的形式使用，就像例如德国专利DE-PS34 41 249中描述的那样。它由若干相邻的滤框组成，这些滤框通常由交替设置的、平面状的、用来形成要过滤的供料液体的溢流缝的浓缩液塞片、第一膜层、用来形成过滤液汇流缝的滤液塞片和第二膜层组成。每个溢流缝与要过滤的供料液体的入口连通并与浓缩液出口连通，各滤液汇流缝与滤液出口连通。
在膜表面溢流时，浓缩物由于其大小的原因通过膜孔径从通道穿过，并从表面冲洗掉，因此，分离滤液和过滤物的膜孔不堵塞。不过，在溢流的膜表面上以不同方式形成覆盖层，由此，通常对过滤效率目标物质收得率和交叉流过滤单元的耐用度产生不利影响。
本发明的目的在于，提供一种改进的交叉流过滤单元，其特征是，过滤效率更好和产品收得率更高。
上述目的将通过权利要求1所述特征来达到。本发明有利的扩展形式通过从属权利要求给出。
本发明改进的交叉流过滤单元用来将供料液体的物质分离成滤液的过滤物和浓缩液的浓缩物。它由多个依次由一种平面过滤器材料，一个滤液汇集缝，另一种平面过滤器材料和一个溢流缝这样组成：过滤器材料的背面与滤液汇集缝邻接，它的前面与溢流缝邻接，滤液汇集缝具有至少一个滤液出口，溢流缝具有一个要过滤的供料液体入口并具有一个浓缩液出口。
另人惊奇地发现，利用本发明的交叉流过滤单元进行交叉流过滤时，当过滤材料由两层彼此重叠的微孔膜层组成时，其中，朝向滤液汇集缝的膜层具有分布在1000道尔顿至1.2微米排除极限范围内的平均孔径，它将借助该膜层将浓缩物从通道中排除，在此，朝向溢流缝的膜层具有至少大1.3倍，最好在1.3至5倍，尤其在1.5至3倍的范围内的平均孔径时，获得明显高的过滤流量和明显高的产品利用率。
如果膜层的差别在1.3倍以下时，在经济上不再有意义或根本不能保证效率。当在微量过滤范围上的差别大于5倍时，尤其对于含有颗粒的供料液体，层膜的闭塞随着平均孔径的增大而迅速加剧，因此，过滤器会提前损坏。
溢流缝和滤液汇集缝最好用现有技术公知的塞片保持开放。
在一优先实施形式中，交叉流过滤单元设置成过滤盒的形式，它的膜层由微量过滤膜组成。特别优选过滤盒的朝向滤液汇集缝的膜层平均孔径选自0.1至1.2微米范围。
在另一实施形式中，过滤单元仅仅具有一个依次由一个溢流缝，一种由两层具有不同平均孔径的膜层组成的平面过滤材料和一个滤液汇集缝组成，使得过滤器材料的背面与滤液汇集缝邻接，它的前面与溢流缝邻接。
下面将参照实施例对本发明进一步说明。为表示本发明交叉流过滤单元的生产效率，一种含酵母的细胞悬浮液(Pichia)采用交叉流循环过滤，其细胞浓度为6×106酵母细胞(浓缩物)/毫升，即在127mg/l的浓缩液中含70.000道尔顿克分子量的目标蛋白质(过滤物)。在过滤期间，过滤单元在0.64巴恒的穿透膜压下工作(透膜压＝(入口压力+出口压力)/2-滤液压力)。供料液体入口处的压力值为0.9巴，浓缩液出口处的压力值为0.4巴，滤液出口处的压力值为0.1巴。
作为实施例，交叉流模件制做成具有不同过滤面积。为了可比较结果并可追溯结构形式，保持面积负荷恒定。面积负荷可理解为单位溢流膜面积要过滤的细胞悬浮液体积。例1：
作为本发明的横向流动过滤单元，采用的是具有0.4m2溢流膜面积的过滤盒，它具有溢流缝13和滤液会集缝12。与滤液会集缝相邻的膜层由平均孔径0.2微米的乙酸纤维膜组成。与溢流缝相邻的膜层由平均孔径0.45微米的乙酸纤维膜组成。7.1L细胞悬浮液被浓缩成1L浓缩液终体积。平均滤液流量为0.875l/分钟·米2。过滤在18分钟后结束。在滤液中，目标蛋白质的浓度为106.6mg/l。在浓缩液中，测出238mg/l目标蛋白质。滤液中的目标蛋白质的收得率为72％。例2(对比试验)：
作为横向流动的过滤单元，现有技术的过滤器盒(Sartorius有限公司的Sartocon商标)采用的是具有0.7m2的溢流膜面积，它具有溢流缝17和滤液会集缝16。与滤液会集缝相邻的膜层由具有0.2微米平均孔径的单层乙酸纤维膜组成。与溢流缝相邻的膜层由平均孔径0.45微米的乙酸纤维膜组成。12.7L细胞悬浮液被浓缩成1L浓缩液终体积。平均滤液流量为0.328l/分钟·米2。过滤在51分钟后结束。在滤液中，目标蛋白质的浓度为81.3mg/l。在浓缩液中，测出621mg/l目标蛋白质。滤液中的目标蛋白质的收得率为59％。
借助本发明的模式，实现滤液中目标蛋白质的收得率提高13％，而滤液流量提高约2.7倍。另一优点还在于，采用本发明改进的横向流动过滤单元时，可同时进行初过滤和终过滤，为此，通常要经历两次过滤阶段。采用本发明改进的横向流动过滤单元时，过滤工艺成本明显降低。
Claims (4)
1.改进的交叉流过滤单元，用于将供料液体的物质分离成滤液的过滤物和浓缩液的浓缩物，它由多个依次由一种平面过滤器材料、一个滤液汇集缝、另一种平面过滤器材料和一个溢流缝的序列组成，使得过滤器材料的背面与滤液汇集缝交界，它的前面与溢流缝交界，滤液汇集缝具有至少一个滤液出口，溢流缝具有一个要过滤的供料液体入口并具有一个浓缩液出口，其特征是，过滤材料由两层彼此重叠的微孔膜层组成，其中，朝向滤液汇集缝的膜层具有分布在1000道尔顿至1.2微米排除限界范围内的平均孔径，它将借助该膜层将浓缩物从通道中排除，在此，朝向溢流缝的膜层具有至少大1.3倍，最好大1.3至5倍的平均孔径。
2.按照权利要求1所述的改进的交叉流过滤单元，其特征是，该交叉流过滤单元构造成过滤盒的形式，膜层由微滤膜组成。
3.按照权利要求1和2所述的改进的交叉流过滤单元，其特征是，朝向滤液会集缝的膜层的平均孔径选自0.1至1.2微米范围。
4.按照权利要求1和3所述的改进的交叉流过滤单元，其特征是，该过滤单元依次由一个溢流缝，一种平面过滤器材料和一个滤液汇集缝的序列组成，使过滤器材料的背面与滤液汇集缝交界，它的前面与溢流缝交界。
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| DE10000196.3 | 2000-01-05 | ||
| DE10000196A DE10000196B4 (de) | 2000-01-05 | 2000-01-05 | Verbesserte Crossflow-Filtrationseinheit |
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| US (2) | US20050126980A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1268044A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2003519005A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1420801A (zh) |
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| CN110551617A (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-10 | 中国科学院北京基因组研究所 | 用于体液细菌与细胞分离的芯片、制作方法及其使用方法 |
| CN113784779A (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-12-10 | 建新公司 | 切向病毒过滤 |
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| DE102006026081B4 (de) * | 2006-06-03 | 2014-11-27 | Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von trinkfertigem Branntwein |
| JP4899681B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-18 | 2012-03-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | マイクロ流路デバイス |
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| DE3341262A1 (de) * | 1983-11-15 | 1985-05-23 | Sartorius GmbH, 3400 Göttingen | Stapelfoermiges trennelement aus geschichteten zuschnitten zur behandlung von fluiden |
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| DE4108055C1 (zh) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-07-30 | Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen, De | |
| IL121883A0 (en) * | 1997-10-05 | 1998-03-10 | Soda Club Holdings Nv | Apparatus and method for the purification of water |
| US6099730A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-08-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Apparatus for treating whole blood comprising concentric cylinders defining an annulus therebetween |
-
2000
- 2000-01-05 DE DE10000196A patent/DE10000196B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-21 CN CN00818211A patent/CN1420801A/zh active Pending
- 2000-12-21 JP JP2001549761A patent/JP2003519005A/ja active Pending
- 2000-12-21 WO PCT/EP2000/013073 patent/WO2001049401A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-12-21 EP EP00991619A patent/EP1268044A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-21 US US10/168,806 patent/US20050126980A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2006
- 2006-11-20 US US11/602,884 patent/US7520988B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113784779A (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-12-10 | 建新公司 | 切向病毒过滤 |
| CN110551617A (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-10 | 中国科学院北京基因组研究所 | 用于体液细菌与细胞分离的芯片、制作方法及其使用方法 |
| CN110551617B (zh) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-11-01 | 中国科学院北京基因组研究所 | 用于体液细菌与细胞分离的芯片、制作方法及其使用方法 |
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| US7520988B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 |
| US20070062856A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
| JP2003519005A (ja) | 2003-06-17 |
| DE10000196B4 (de) | 2013-10-10 |
| WO2001049401A1 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
| EP1268044A1 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
| DE10000196A1 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
| US20050126980A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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