CN1415829A - Cushion space structure in buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a structure system with the building buffer space as the core which refers to the transient space with architecture physical environment between internal and external building. Using the systematic theory and building structure technology as the foundation, on the bases of researching various buffer space actions of building this invention combines knowledges of other subjects to form the buffer space structur theory and put the theory into technology to form the method of building buffer space structure which not only solves the contradiction of structure and applied functions but also makes it more flexible and broad incluidng used in various construction styles and different geoy raphical climate conditions.

Description

The cushion space structure of building

Technical field the invention belongs to building field.Particularly a kind of is the formed tectonic system of core with the building cushion space.The building cushion space is meant the space with the transition of building physics environment that is between interior construction spacing and the building outside.The present invention uses the systematics principle, based on the architectural construction technology, on the basis of the various cushion space effects of having studied building, in conjunction with the knowledge of other ambit, adds my understanding and recoganization, thereby has formed the cushion space theory of construction.Should theory use technically, be exactly the method for effective building cushion space structure.This method not only can solve the contradiction of structure and function of use, makes the purposes of building more flexible and extensive; And be easy to solve the building problem that makes the people puzzled for a long time: under condition of market economy, popular building how with the artistic problem that combines, as chevron building and city with hills and waters.

If liken building to people (or animal), Jian Zhu " skin " is exactly the space (or zone) between interior construction spacing and the building external, i.e. cushion space so.As existing example, furnish the balcony with glass walls, building the cushion space that south elevation is provided with big glass " solaria ", and mine all is " skin " of building in first to file " buffering space unit of building ".Building " skin " has the function of use of cushion space, the regulatory function of building physics, the Function of Art of architectural appearance.

Be made up of little cell as people's skin, " skin " of building also can be made up of many little architectural spaces with various difference in functionalitys." skin " this zone of building is present in the owned building, and it should be the indispensable part of building by convention.But existing architectural concept is regardless of " skin " and " coat " considering its building, the understanding of some phenomenons is also blured, thus the contradiction that produces many architectural appearances and building interior.On the one hand, the basis of building and structure are very clear and definite as the fundamental of building interior space, i.e. the transmission key element of the power of inner space form, and this is the major fields of application that modern science and technology are studied.And on the other hand, people have but been buried by the former with attention " skin " understanding of building.Just pay attention to the appearance and modeling of building, but inner big quantity space is used to " atmosphere " and vacant, or owing to the needs of outward appearance can't use the inner space; Adopt various ornament materials, perhaps just separate (yet as original certainly soil, brick, wood etc.), cause outward appearance picture " gray box one by one " stereotyped, lifeless with simple material.

The invention is mainly carried out around this core of building " skin ", if provide a specific name, is exactly the cushion space structure of building.This structure comprises the use of the material and the member of cushion space, spatial organization and effect, and three aspects such as art of building and culture.It is grown up based on prior art, and purpose is to construct new building with new theory, and the present invention is the technology or the method that can realize the building that this is new than prior art better.

" skin " difference with the prior art of building is: it has the concept of a building " microcosm "; It has enriched the cushion space form; It is that to be based upon cushion space structure center theoretic.The cushion space structure is the concrete technical method of implementing various cushion spaces, though it also is combined into by space and material, but the purposes in space be not only into self, as kitchen, washroom, balcony etc., also to be other space service, as allow sunlight see through, allow air flow through, transferring heat energy or the like, and for the building outward appearance design an otherwise effective technique platform is provided.

Background technology around the combining form of cushion space (as balcony), has been carried out multi-faceted explanation first to file " buffering space unit of building " (application number is 02111749.7, and open day is on November 27th, 2002).Particularly to aspects such as principle that " buffering space unit " that protrude balcony arranged, method, structures, and adopt the building of this kind unit all to do open explanation.Yet cushion space and " unit " thereof also have many forms, and they are included within the cushion space structure of the present invention.

Having manyly owing to relate to prior art of the present invention, but is not globality, therefore will mention relevant prior art again when being specifically related to certain part.In addition, in available data,, can list with the lower part to the books that the present invention has influence or has reference value:

Bao Shihang, Gu Mengchao chief editor, " distinguished scientists' Qian Xuesen opinion: urbanology and city with hills and waters ", China Construction Industry Press's (in September, 1994).This book is a core with the thought theory of " establish urbanology and build the city with hills and waters " that famous scientist proposes urban development from macroscopic perspective, has included domestic and international expert's relevant argumentation and technological thought simultaneously.The development of society often is representative with the urban development, serves as theme to the comprehensive study of city factors with urbanology, and purpose is to build the human landscape with Chinese characteristics, as the city with hills and waters." urbanology ", " city with hills and waters " are proposed, and " open complicated huge system ", be the sight of big science man with acumen, " building and art " in the building this strategy done after to fundamental contradiction of having seen clearly is mobilized and is disposed, this also be the present invention getable direct, the most basic theoretical pillar.Chapters such as " utilization of urban space---stratified construction " of technically, including in the book, " supercity of tomorrow " and " high mountains is brought the Shanghai---to the conception in landscape gardens, Shanghai ".To of the present invention reference value arranged.

Duan Jinzhu, " development of urban space opinion ", Jiangsu science tech publishing house (2000).The generation in city with develop normally needs of society, embodied regional politics, economy and cultural strength.This book sums up scale threshold rule, position rule such as rule, self-organizing evolution rule according to qualifications from the research to development of urban space.The generation in cities and towns and development have two approach at least, and the one, self-sow forms lentamente from small to large; Another kind is by a topic construction (oil field, steel city, car city, and commodity market, sports center, conference and exhibition center etc.).The former reduced investment but development is slow, the latter invests big but development is also fast.But they can be explained with above rule.In the embodiment of present technique, be the method that adopts the latter.And the embodiment in first to file adopts is the former method, but it is a method of taking to seek development topic positively.

Liu feels first work, " the art of building world ", Jiangsu science tech publishing house (2000).This book on the basis of illustrating the architecture meaning, has highlighted the essence of west, east and Chinese architecture, and the characteristics of Contemporary Architecture has been carried out objective review from the visual angle of professional building, also the The development of architecture trend has been made analysis of science simultaneously.Though be popular science books, very accurately and introduced knowledge, theory and the up-to-date trend of relevant architectural culture with explaining the profound in simple terms.Is yet a serious problem that these buildings can develop into the main flow of building? what be only can be popular art of building.This book has also been pointed out direction in the end: building is to need theory.

The Jiang Xiaoping work, " Chinese Traditional Architecture Art ", publishing house of Southwestern Normal University (1998).This book has compiled great mass of data from the angle of folk art, and Chinese traditional architecture has been carried out classified description.The building that these are traditional, particularly folk building, though their technology is simple, the history of its implication and culture are very abundant.In today of technical development, how allowing these traditional architectures send new vitality is an important problem.

The Zhao Xiaoqun work, " local-style dwelling houses of different style ", Central University of Nationality Press (1999).In a series of short essay modes, write down people's daily life mode all over the world.For showing a width of cloth width of cloth, we comprise human feelings on the wind under different weathers, geography, the ambient conditions all over the world, and the different life pictures that cultural difference produced.That has described emphatically that people are createed in life has dense place, the building of national characters (comprise and meet account etc.) U.S..Simultaneously, we are recognized, though there is not perfect unified life style in the world, it also is true that the modern be unable to do without building in life at it.Building is an important selection during the modern humans lives, and not only will consider inhabitation, working and learning, wishes that also building can bring people's artistic treat.So, the art of building that whether exists a kind of all parts of the world to accept, and Building technology correspondingly? the present invention attempts to crack this difficult problem with the method for theoretical direction technology.

The Shen Fuxu work, " architectural design gimmick ", publishing house of Tongji University (1999).From building essence of all times, how conclusion makes building construct if summing up, have the architectural design method of aesthetic again.This book clear in structure and style is rigorous, from many aspects, each level all done classification to the creative method of architectural design and discussed.Adopt the building of the technology of the present invention, because the variation of apparent size ratio, and have more appearance forrns, also need on the basis of reference, grope, sum up the architectural design gimmick that adapts for it.

Beijing Municipal Architecture Design and Research is write, " measure of architectural discipline designing technique ", China Construction Industry Press (1999).From country, departmental standard, to the area regulation, so that the measure of professional.Along with the refinement of clause, the design work of building trend is simplified, and adds the development of computer software and hardware, and people can be fast and designed multiple scheme at an easy rate, compare and revise.This is very favourable to applying of new technology, has very big reference and applying value.

East, Le Jialong write, " cross-centennial dwelling house design atlas ", Anhui science tech publishing house (in August, 1999).This book has carried out many-sided argumentation to cross-centennial dwelling house in general introduction, as: ten aspects of the current situation and development prospect of dwelling house design; Cross-centennial residential function structure; Cross-centennial dwelling house pattern; Housing estate and automobile parking; Aspects such as comfortable house property management.Many thoughts have wherein reflected that present scientific and technical personnel pay close attention to, and need the direction of effort.The present invention can easily solve in many aspects, yet its difference part (as the difference of being stipulated by the place of building sunshine to be produced) is core of the present invention place, i.e. the present invention is reasonably to use sunshine as technological core.

More than these books respectively from the macroscopic view to the part, carried out conclusion, analyzed and studied from different visual angles to building.For the technology of the present invention provides method reference and reference.Why above books are put together, also illustrated in the present building ideological system (comprise theoretical with practice), the art of building requires and the technical stipulation of building is a pair of very sharp-pointed contradiction, the good building of some designs is high price often, and the inner space waste is serious.Yet, if regard building as in the gardening potted landscape, be the inherent law of Building technology to be treated as can arbitrarily pile up conventional knowledge, this does not gear to actual circumstances.But, some rules and regulations in the Building technology, particularly those are not the regulation that is confirmed by theory and practice, have become the developing maximum constraints factor of art of building really yet.

" skin " of building is to solve these effective ways to contradiction.Because at the external surface of " skin ", can mix various " coats ", its artistic effect naturally will be better than existing art of building technique of expression.Here, " skin " is the function of use problem that solves building interior with the building edge, the just coordination of interior construction spacing and space outerpace and buffering; " coat " then is the artistic expression of building, and it can be rigid material such as thin shell structures, also can be soft material such as color paint, tent, can also show with plant.

Summary of the invention the present invention sums up theory from some phenomenons, and serves as to instruct to finish technology of the present invention and create with this theory.Therefore, this part content mainly comes to be set forth in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in narration.The classification and the various forms of cushion space at first are described, comprise basic technical features of the present invention; " buffer system " of secondly explanation building and cushion space structure; Sum up the basical ground of argu-ment of cushion space structure then, thereby propose cushion space structure center theory; Technology and application specific details under the theory of cushion space structure center then are described, and concrete invention technology is set forth its useful effect; Be the supplementary notes of some relevant items at last, as the summing-up explanation of claim.

Fig. 1 is one of citation form in the present technique.Space 1 can be regarded as in a space with space 2, is divided into two spaces up and down.The feature of this form is, the interior space 3 all links to each other with them simultaneously, and space 1 or space 2 are that space 3 is served, and this three's summation 7 just becomes the citation form of the technology of the present invention feature.

Fig. 2 has the common facade view that of balcony 4 has simplified, and wherein 5 are indoor light inlet window (being also included within the window on the door).

Fig. 3 is that balcony 4 is formed a space by window 6 sealing backs, and this space becomes the spatial transition of the interior space and the exterior space, therefore is called as cushion space.But cushion space and not only this is a kind of so long as be in the space of the interior space and the exterior space, all can be described as cushion space.Untight more in a broad sense various balconies or platform, they all have " void " space, as long as need, can the space be become the space of " reality " with material (as tent), also are to belong to the cushion space form therefore.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 explanation can be divided into upper and lower two spaces with balcony with barrier material (as plate), and it is characterized by: one is the big space that can normally use for the people enters, and another is the little space that can be used as purposes such as stored article.

Fig. 6 represent when space up and down all be greatly to can entering the height of use for the people, but the height in upper and lower space can be not wait.The form identical with Fig. 1 just formed in this time space 1, space 2 and space 3.Compare with Fig. 6, had more plate 9 among Fig. 7, when plate 9 satisfies specified conditions,, it can be included into form into Fig. 1 as light-permeable, ventilation etc.

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are two kinds of citation forms in first to file, it is characterized in that the depth in two spaces is (have the outer balcony of choosing or be called and protrude balcony) inequality up and down, and are that outer facade is different.This is the main distinction feature with Fig. 1.

Figure 10 represents the similar formed cushion space 8 that furnishes the balcony with glass walls of one deck, and Figure 11 is the situation of three layers of shared cushion space 8, and its feature is that cushion space 8 can be shared by two layers or more.Furnish the balcony with glass walls and multilayer to share solaria all be known form.But building auxiliary spaces such as kitchen, washroom, passage also are interpreted as cushion space (it is the exterior wall of building that there is one side in these spaces), but are the present invention and thought basis in first to file.It then is formerly to invent and one of creation core of the present invention that various cushion spaces are combined into one " unit ".

Though cushion space all is local for the building integral service from these above cushion spaces as can be seen, their effect also is local, and their internal service object are exactly the interior space that is attached thereto.The function of investigating cushion space with do the time spent, just suppose that cushion space serve for a family, and this family because the function that has had cushion space just to possess life in various degree, study and work change.But it is unimportant whether this family really exists, and this family is all inessential of that how to form, that how to separate and conversion in possible zone, a family in other words.Task of the present invention is the structure in planning cushion space or zone, is ready at all times to be any real family service.

Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 represent, the height that the space up and down in the cushion space 8 is formed, with chamber height can be inequality, therefore also can produce large and small or equal nine kinds of combined situation.

Figure 15 represents, can on the interior space or under be separated out space 10, they exist also simultaneously and are fine.They promptly can be separated in building operations, also can separate when finishing.These normally are used for the little space of stored goods.

Figure 16 represents that cushion space is divided into three spaces 11.But so long as a space is arranged is little space, and in addition two be large space, little space can be regarded as a compound plate, three such spaces just are converted into two spaces.This notion also can be used for the space 11 that cushion space is divided into greater number.

Figure 17 represents that cushion space 8 is divided into by floor or composite plate and a plurality ofly enters the space of use for the people that then space 3 just becomes the inner communal space.But different with the common inside communal space is that the interior space 3 is come daylighting, ventilation by cushion space 8, and these cushion spaces can allow the people use.In the time can having only two, be exactly the form of Fig. 1 for the space that the people uses.

Figure 18 is the situation at two layers at a family, can be with the method for getting through the interior space 3 up and down (as Figure 19); Also can open the groove or the well 12 (as Figure 20) of a ventilation, daylighting; Also can adopt the stair well of increasing to realize (as Figure 21).Because the interior space comes daylighting, ventilation by cushion space, when really must with indoor be divided into fully about two layers time, can also adopt printing opacity or optical material to make floor, make light can pass (Figure 22) up and down.In addition, the interlayer in the cushion space can be used to outdoor light is imported, and is used for ventilating or to air conditioning.

Figure 23 represents one of variation of present technique, and the inside of its cushion space up and down facade is not on same facade, and is same with about layer also can be not on a face vertical with metope.The interior facade in space 1 has been avoided beam 13 among the figure; The material of printing opacity also can be adopted in outstanding angle 14.But, consider from the angle of cost, still adopt the door 15 of window or band window comparatively quite a lot of.

Figure 24, Figure 25 and Figure 26 represent that two layers the interior space and cushion space also have nine kinds of change in location relations.And the position of its indoor intermediate layer (being 9 among the figure) can be different from the position in cushion space intermediate layer.If calculate then more than nine kinds of position, intermediate layer relation.

More than be that various basic cushion spaces have been carried out classified description.Simultaneously, be " unit " also with the family or the standard width of a room in an old-style house, from the size in space and the form of plate (comprising composite plate), and the aspects such as basic skills of ventilation, daylighting are described and illustrate.But for the convenience that illustrates, mostly the several one group of ground of various factors are described, in fact also can be carried out each and take apart, and carry out combined crosswise and merging, will produce more kinds of variations like this these factors.Why being basic classification, mainly is because to relate to the factor of cushion space and " unit " many in addition, as factors such as the shape of members such as post, beam, plate, material, colors, these factors is carried out combined crosswise and merging, all can produce more variation.In general, so long as the existing technology relevant with building can become one of blocking factor.This explanation will be listed these factor key points as possible, and some combined methods and thinking are provided, and form and purposes after combination for example or the merging are described, be combined into new form to satisfy different requirements to inspire the end user.

Even it is most of like this, just from cushion space is described and illustrates in form.With regard to result of use, at the citation form (Fig. 8 and Fig. 9) of first to file " buffering space unit ", and it is better to be equipped with inner this form for the communal space.But building types never has only standard.If the user does not need to protrude balcony, this form will lose efficacy.A feature of the present invention is exactly not protrude balcony, it can reduce: the space up and down that is separated into plate or composite plate is between building indoor and outdoor, these two spaces are unanimous between the higher and lower levels, the balcony of outwards not choosing, and these two spaces all are to enter use (as Fig. 1) for the people.

With regard to this part technology that relates to " unit ", the present invention and the balcony that is whether to have protrusion in the difference of first to file.Except that several layers of cushion space that furnish the balcony with glass walls, have big glass, also has other which form below in conjunction with the existing cushion space of description of drawings.

Figure 27 is common roofing overhead layer 16, and its effect has been the buffering effect of thermal insulation.This method also can be used at building exterior wall face, but because the vertical stratification problem of Stilt layer, adopts the low material of heat conductivility to be attached on the exterior wall 17 (also can in the inboard 18 of wall) usually.This method also is used for roofing, and the heat insulating material that is used in roofing that has also plays waterproof effect.And above these methods also appear on the oblique roofing.

This built on stilts or " buffer body " be close to owing to be simple function, and do not consider the purposes of self, and normally do not consider to allow the people enter use.Heat insulating material also has cushioning effect, and is more extensive, and the coating of reflecting heat or absorption heat also has pooling feature.

Figure 28, Figure 29, Figure 30 represent that " buffering space unit " also has nine kinds of position relations at the plan view and the interior space, and this is also having explanation in first to file.In the same way, " buffering space unit " can be embedded on the interior space of building with three-dimensional arbitrarily shape.Again in the same way, the cushion space of non-present being seen different shape all is within the scope of the present invention, and both various " buffer bodies " that are different from existing shape all are within the scope of the present invention.Can count as numeral 1 and 2, and the number between 1 and 2 is non-denumerable the same that " buffer body ", cushion space and " buffering space unit " all can't be counted clear.Thereby they all are complicated systems.

Figure 31 represents hexagonal " buffer body " 19.Its inner separation 20 also can not be iron-plated (face).Be not difficult thus to find that " buffering " of building is so many, no matter is material, shape, method, or the function combination, complicated system can extend out.

Thus, still liken with numeral, the present invention has been as having invented decimal point in natural number n, and natural number n also is considered to have the individual zero number of m behind the decimal point like this.That is to say that " buffer body " that constitute with material is " decimal point " of building, or " microcosm " that be referred to as to build, this is " microcosm " of drawing owing to the variation of concept.With regard to common balcony, multiple shape and decoration can be arranged, but any one balcony in them, the thought of " microcosm " of utilization building can bond material, shape, method, and the variation of function combination creates infinite " new balcony ".This thought is not to be insignificant, can risk the various designs of building with the method.

" buffer body " that constitute with material can be: " alignment buffer " 21 different in size among Figure 32 contacts (as stack, light pipe) with indoor point-like 22; " buffer boards " 23 various among Figure 33 (as composite plate, the interlayer utmost point) contact with indoor wire 24; " buffer body " 25 of different-thickness contacts with indoor planar 26 among Figure 34.Also can be their distortion and the forms such as combination between them, as the moulding 27 of plant leaf blade among Figure 35, the combination 28 of solid.This appears to the original idea that has broken away from building, but because they are can build or enforceable, also be autotelic usually, represents with the term of building, and they also are " structure " characteristics with self.

Figure 36 has represented the mutual alignment relation of above-mentioned various buffering forms, and the basic classification of " buffer system " etc." buffer system " is made up of padded coaming and buffering space.General and from, following can containing is top, can use the material of buffer body as cushion space, the cushion space that can advance the people can comprise the cushion space that can not advance the people, otherwise but then not all right.Can find out also that thus the cushion space that can advance the people is the advanced form in the buffer system, it be by various functions (as structure, function, decorate etc.) material constituted.Even in the classification of padded coaming, also can find out materials such as picture hollow brick, cavity wall, expanded material and honeycomb structure, they utilize short space to reach increases the strength of materials, alleviate performances such as own wt, incubation and thermal insulation function.Compare with building integral, the member in the buffer system all is little usually, but the structure of these little parts, for the creation of art of building provides the freedom of creation degree.With the art of these structure element creation, for the art of large-scale cultural building, they are exactly cheap, popular art.

And cushion space structure is meant integrated structure material and ornament materials in building, uses the method for multiple combination various " buffer bodies " in " buffer system " to be combined into the method for " skin " of building.But mainly be various " buffer bodies " in the utilization cushion space.Cushion space structure as building " skin " makes up various materials, various member, various space, and purpose is to make building interior space layout more reasonable, and architectural appearance is rich and varied, satisfies various needs.Buffer system among the figure, major part are that people are known, yet will be familiar with the various variations and the effect thereof of cushion space structure, promptly rise to the aspect of " microcosm ", must carry out on the concept transformation.

The difference of cushion space and cushion space structure is that the former is existing notion, and its form is limited; And the latter is the new notion greater than the former.Figure 36 has also indicated the residing position of new technologies more of the present invention, and they are not have the buffering space unit that protrudes daylighting chamber (balcony); The cushion space that can take precautions against natural calamities and take refuge, and the ventilation of buffer board or interlayer, air-conditioning.In addition, " coat " etc. that also has cushion space.

The method that reason is described has multiple, and as theory explanation, study course explanation etc., their purpose is different with starting point, thereby the discourse structure of body arrangement is also different.The illustration method of the technology of the present invention is to take from a bit, progressively advances with the creative thinking method of dispersing.Purpose is to make the influence that those skilled in the art can hard to bear explanation and possess simple creativity.That is to say that this explanation adopts a large amount of literal and accompanying drawings to have the change procedure that the content that will will illustrate is raised to quality in quantity.But this narration method does not also mean that the front and back ordinal relation of content strictness, and a content may be dispersed in a plurality of parts in full and mention, thereby need combine and see.

" microcosm " that building has been arranged, lively and lovely even common building also can become, the natural beauty that it both can exhibition building " skin " also can be draped a band of red silk over sb.'s shoulders for building and be hung the greenery patches dressing.What is more important, building depth increase (can save land), the building scale of construction increases (use cost decline), indoor flexible arrangement variable (multipurpose) etc.

Figure 37 is illustrated in the situation where earth is taken up an official post and o'clock can be occurred in 1 year: sun vertical irradiation ground 29, occur in noon in summer, and this is when people want to escape the sun just usually; When sunshine became level 31, when being early morning or dusk usually on earth, parallel sunlight stayed long shade to things; Equally, the sunlight below the also seldom careful horizon of tellurian people.For the people, the direct projection of this three classes sunlight generally all is unessential, and useful in this three periods but is that scattered light makes people distinguish daytime and night.And useful direct sunlight 30 is normally between these two, and this is direct projection to hit the light that enters building interior.

The sun direct projection that former messenger is received in building only is the zone of discontented 90 degree! Figure 38 establishes an object 32 that does not influence indoor lighting on exterior wall, if the building of multilayer, this object will consider not influence the daylighting of lower floor.Form among the figure seems the tooth just as a saw, and building just becomes a magic plate that can change irregularly, and sees from the bottom up and see it is diverse from top to bottom.Can only see above the ridge that in angle 33 zone the sun can directly be injected indoorly 3 in angle 34 zones, mainly is that scattered light acts on indoor 3, and can only sees the bottom of this object 32 in angular regions 36 in angle 35 zones.

People get used to building the balcony of choosing outside in house, but ignored the effect of balcony lower area.Reduce angle 33, then angle 34 increases, and helps daylighting; Reduce angle 35, then increased angle 36, this is a angle that can't see window, also is the angle that people see building usually.This just provides the space for art, and various moulding, colored drawing can be arranged, and also can advertise, do greening.The object 32 of this protrusion is separated the outward appearance of building function and building dexterously, and both building function was placed on top, builds main outward appearance and is placed on the bottom.

Figure 39 is me at one of citation form of first to file " buffering space unit ", the height of the interior space 3 is near two layers, receive in the following space 37 of unit, the balcony 38 of last space for choosing outward, in addition, also has the planted triangle body 39 under the windowsill, the storage area 40 on the windowsill, under the balcony, and outer the planted triangle body 41 of balcony.This form does not reduce the direct projection angle, and utilizes the reflex of balcony, can increase indoor natural lighting amount; Increased angle 36 simultaneously, but mixed planting shrub and creepers plant make building under the condition that does not influence daylighting, have obtained the visual effect of entire body vertical greening, can be used as the basic comprising factor of chevron building.

Building is exactly a building.Must not be building as the potted landscape that dwindles, a left side see the right side see, on see all scapes, and potted landscape is compared with building and can not be seen from the bottom up exactly.Building is exactly a building.Under the prerequisite that satisfies building function substantially, it is possible fully building nature or abstract visual effect with segment space.The form of Figure 39 also meets the objective natural law, and the sun is last, and hot air upwards flows, and the people sees what building was normally seen from the bottom up.If the cooperation balcony greening also is the green of " nature " even level is watched building.This form is built " little galaxy " in " coat " exactly---the greening coat.

Figure 40 is the elevation of building schematic diagram, and with traditional architectural aesthetic viewpoint, window should be according to the left side one row arranged.And those processing of windowing arbitrarily of the right have destroyed the attractive in appearance of facade.Yet each independent interior design but may just need this effect, and this effect also can change along with the indoor needs of different times.

At simple framework 42 of building peripheral hardware, it has played a virtual architectural appearance, has weakened the confusion of original facade as Figure 41.Here, framework has been fabricated a space, and is overlapping from position and cushion space.And " buffering space unit " form of Figure 39, it also can satisfy the unification of outward appearance, and interior facade is random.This framework 42 can be transformed into buffering space unit form 43 (seeing Figure 42 right side enlarged drawing), be characterized in that framework has an oblique opening 44, so just increase the daylighting of lower floor, thereby improved overall efficiency and saved cost.With regard to this point, cushion space can be fabricated, and building exists cushion space or zone in other words.But this only is a kind of method of fabricating the cushion space of outward appearance.Can also enumerate the cushion space of fabricating of some other forms, they are inside imaginary space (as step 45, entrance hall 46 and screens 47), see Figure 43; Function imaginary space (forming an imaginary space as regular sunbreaker 48, stack or lighting tube) is seen Figure 44.Untight balcony also is empty space (seeing Fig. 2,3).Their common feature is: the firstth, and actual situation can be exchanged; The secondth, when they became entity, it is identical that the locus is tending towards.

When the present invention can be disclosed, I was open in first to file, if interested in the present technique, this application original text is consulted in suggestion.But say that strictly it also is not a known technology during the present patent application.In this explanation, just quote as required,, do not show original application has been done to revise or acquiescence as variant." exterior wall, the window of building all contact with the external world, and the architectural environment of their indoor sides (heat insulation, insulation, daylighting, ventilation and sound insulation) is different with other positions of architecture indoor.Even the most easy building, the time difference that also exists temperature to transmit.Also be not difficult to find many buildings that comprise dwelling house at present thus, when coveting bright chamber, just the people placed in the transitional region more in indoor Activities." existence of this transitional region is not shift with people's will, contain with suitable space and use this transitional region, be exactly one of task of cushion space.

Space actual situation notion in conjunction with the front just can draw: no matter whether made up cushion space, cushion space or zone are present in any building really.And us are told in those spaces that can fabricate, front, and cushion space is separable and reorganization, and it can be separated structure, function and decoration three, again they is reconfigured and arranges.With Figure 38 is example, and by " buffering space unit " that cushion space is up and down formed, its structure can be attached on the major structure of construction, and it can make following function layout, and lower layer space 37 can be the less demanding public passage of daylighting, kitchen, washroom etc.; Last sheaf space 38 can be a balcony (can seal) of accepting more sunlight, and is bearing the ventilation and the daylighting (at this moment balcony has just become indoor high-light window) of the interior space 3.And be somebody's turn to do the outside of " buffering space unit ", and can not influence under the situation of (or few influence) other functions, make multiple decoration and change (plant landscape also can be considered a kind of decoration).Simultaneously, interior construction spacing is simplified (various pipelines can not pass up and down) in the space, but adopt the frame construction of flexible arrangement, especially adopt light industry Standard Factory Room structure, can make building satisfy the requirement of multiple functions of use such as production, operation, inhabitation.

Can describe this architectural space layout principle with spring, a spring that unclamps all mixes spring and space, makes their separately difficult; And a spring that compresses, its occupation space is just compact, and has reserved bigger free space.The benefit of this way is under construction, and the agent structure of building can be simply and efficiently; The space of building is separated convenient, flexible.And converting of cushion space inside can not influence building structure (spring is simple just as exchanging for).Simultaneously, the architectural appearance that is in the spring top changes the influence at other position just littler.

We know spaces such as public passage, kitchen, washroom, they are not isolated separately, link to each other about continuous space, corridor and pipeline, gang up up and down, make certain regional area of their processes be difficult to change position or purposes, they are less demanding to natural lighting, but need good natural ventilation.The buffer area that they is placed on building is desirable way, but they compact arrangements also will must be reserved effective daylighting and ventilation that a part of space guarantees building interior.Effective daylighting this point of building interior is very important, if will all make glass daylighting face near the space of exterior wall, will have to install additional the material that is in the light because light is too strong, that is to say that light inlet window needn't do too greatly, and is effective or enough just passable.Buffering space unit just can reach the conception of these targets simultaneously.

The vitality of building not only is the permanent of its structure, and it also comprises the changeability (sustainability of building) of building interior function of use, the artistry of architectural appearance, and the social and economy of building.Cushion space is in the periphery of building, and it has reasonably solved the flexible arrangement problem of building interior, has also solved the popular universal problem of facade art, and has reasonably reconciled building function and art of building contradiction between the two.And technology simple, be easy to promote, the investment that increases artistic feeling for building is also little.

All there is the buffer area in any building.Usually sunlight is the principal element that building will be considered, most local sunlight on earth is to come from the top.Window is in the buffer area of building and is used for daylighting.Various windows make the profile of building that variation take place, we can say the succinct most particular processing methods that pair window is all arranged of art of building of all times, yet popular building is owing to must there be a large amount of windows, thereby can only select at aspects such as the shape of window, arrangement, colors, even in some high-grade housing constructions, windowsill, balcony, and decoration of exterior wall also become the only regulating measure of art of building.When people far saw, the great housing construction of various buildings, particularly quantity did not have much difference.The thought of buffering space unit is that architectural lighting is decomposed into unit daylighting.On this basis, make us recognize that daylighting can separate with the profile of building, the monnolithic case of building also can be decomposed into the profile of cell size.When the profile vision of this unit had been desalinated window, we just can watch Protean architectural appearance so.

More than be the thought at first to file " buffering space unit ", it adopts the purpose of protruding balcony also to comprise enhancing daylighting effect, increase balcony area.But " buffering space unit " that do not protrude balcony is a kind of efficient construction method equally, allows light pass in the inlet chamber as long as can guarantee some space, just can reach above-mentioned effect.And, in conjunction with the thought of " microcosm " combination and variation, conveniently various cushion spaces rise to cushion space construct this various informative, be easy to change, implement easily higher level.

Will find that thus cushion space has broken away from the constraint of existing various construction theory and thought, also break through " tradition " moulding of existing building, form the system of self uniqueness, i.e. the cushion space tectonic system.If sum up the cushion space of above-mentioned various buildings, open they are risen to cushion space structure level, be not difficult to draw following argument:

One, any building all exists cushion space structure or buffer area, and the two is the difference of actual situation;

Two, the material that constitutes the cushion space structure mainly is made up of structural meterials, functional material and ornament materials;

Three, the shape of cushion space structure can be arbitrarily;

Four, the cushion space structure can separate structure, function, the profile three of self and reorganization;

Five, the cushion space structure can change;

Six, cushion space structure has been realized structure, the function of building, effective combination of profile three.

It is a bit dull and uninteresting that these viewpoints appear to, but they are exactly the foundation of cushion space theory of construction.Yet we have in the face of such fact: on the one hand, the buffer area is an objective reality, produces cushion space by furnishing the balcony with glass walls and also is accustomed to; But to cushion space with build up the city with hills and waters and link together the time, seem into the Arabian Nights that has absolutely nothing to do with each other.For deepening the impression, use below because of the somewhat extreme viewpoint of simplified summary, describe cushion space structure position under construction, and draw cushion space structure center theory.

Building, from the original kernel of " digging the cave nests ", the various theories and the technology that are constantly added are surrounded, and in the long river of history, its integral body constantly expands outwardly along with the development of society just as the universe of huge explosion.But the thing followed numerous building theories make us lose the direction of building, if can find the another side of building, perhaps the opposite of a real building will give the direction of building for change.We only know: structure is the bone of building, also is the core of building; Function is paying of building, also is the basic of building existence; Profile is the focus that catches people's attention, and but the ring of light of being revealed by various " disputes " soaks into.When we look back those " are solidified music ", just can experience strong " expression " that they send easily, this " expression " occupies a commanding position, and gives out strong " human demiurgic note ".This " expression " has a clear-cut stand, and only gets half of art (performance and expression)! Perhaps, second half of art is exactly the opposite of building, or the mirror of building, and can let us sees the true features of building clearly.From ancient times to the present, produced a large amount of buildings, but those " beautiful music " sounding once in a while just, more is not that " quiet " is exactly " noise ".Why can be like this? be not difficult to find out that these " sound " overwhelming majority is " shell " that comes from building.

Have the animal of bone can be divided into two classes on the earth, a class is a bone bag meat animal, as crab, shrimp etc., mostly is the lower animal of not evolving; Another kind of is skinny animal, and the mankind also therein.The cushion space structure is evolved into " vivid and substantial skin " with the shell of building, and it is not the technology ranks that add building simply, and it stretches out the hand of multipotency, makes building orderly, makes building that revolutionary " evolution " take place.This is an extremely delicate moment, admits that the cushion space structure will mean the arrival of art of building " performance ", and " fancy ball " that can constantly change arrives; Refusal cushion space structure then mean want ridiculously to escape one need not any external force, " evolution " of when the water comes, a channel is formed formula.

In any case, cushion space structure thought has been opened a fan gate for current social various strength enter building field, and they are political strength, economic force, culture and arts strength etc.When we have an X-rayed the building development of history with the thought of cushion space structure, build only remaining " structure " this unique value and get the field that people praise.Over thousands of year, social various strength its all material wealth of inclining has been given building, but can only take orders from number commandant that sends out of building.And the core of building structure is " theory of mechanics " of having pity on.Building steps down on the body of mechanics, is calculating the deal of wealth at heart, is but singing " my god, and how I can satisfy your so many requirements, and I am how difficult, ask nobody wants it has required what to me again, and I do you and see " on the mouth.It is difficult to cater for all tastes, again must not be uncomfortable, and still lack of power after all, power is not enough.The great master that outstanding building has only the only a few training to have just can occasionally do it.

When a large amount of building of society need, people can only not be satisfied with and learn point architecture ABC and make an ineffectual attempt.Done manyly and just understood a gateway, done skillfully and just had higher target and requirement, everybody has a steelyard in the heart by oneself.This scale, pitiful building have just lost middle cardiac status in the past, are dashed apartly in the spring tide of economy, information, and building will be begun all over again, and just need reach a common understanding, and need new theory to demonstrate its development in future direction.Though the architectural image that the cushion space structure has not been implemented at present, its thought and method can allow people build more kinds of, more new-type, more practical building.It is a common platform that leads to the colourful building world.The cushion space structure has also been broken the existing general layout of building.In fact, architecture indoor decoration and design have divided to walk building structure later a bulk of.Tacit agreement between them makes the people not see wherein difference, know that building decoration is variable part after all.The cushion space structure has been broken this general layout of echoing each other, and this general layout often makes people pay double price for obtaining same thing.Cushion space structure occupy the periphery of building, most of miscellaneous function of overall arrangement building, and put to good use for the ability of societal forces and to provide one almost to be only stage.

This stage can be seen whole building clearlyer by let us: building needs only a succinctly and efficiently structural system; A flexible and changeable interior decoration; The architectural appearance that new meaning is arranged; Remaining thing is given cushion space and is constructed and coordinate.Three-in-one theory that Here it is in brief, is exactly a cushion space structure center opinion.Problem is to be that societal forces are constructed by cushion space and commanded building from now on, still continues to finish " building " by building.At first, must establish such fact: the cushion space structure of building can not break away from building and independent the existence.Secondly, building also never stopped the step of development, no matter was management system, architectural practice, or education system or vast building practitioner, was all making great efforts developing for the basis of building this human lives.The cushion space structure also should provide the stage that can put to good use for them.

What is the essence of cushion space structure center opinion? it is exactly the technical know-how how Earthian fully effectively utilizes sunlight on earth.At first, be that the people needs sunlight, rather than building need sunlight.Secondly, the people can constantly not need sunlight, and sunlight can not rest on an optimum position constantly yet.The 3rd, key factors such as the building interval in the dwelling house, building height, architectural appearance, layout, building depth, building floor area ratio are all mainly considered around sunlight at present.Cushion space is in the best status of handling the sunlight problem in the building, and the cushion space structure is effective ways of handling Building technology and art of building, therefore, follows a well mapped-out plan with the cushion space center of being configured to.But cushion space structure center opinion is to need people to change the theory of existing idea, also will change existing habits and customs.

Figure 45 has provided the structured flowchart of cushion space theory of construction, can reduce four big bases, 6 foundations substantially, thereby forms the center cushion space tectonic system of touching upon.Because this explanation is based on technology, therefore will come further to be set forth this theory by the technical descriptioon of back, though and purpose also is to illustrate that know-why of the present invention is simple, but it proposes according to newly-built theoretical system, therefore is a technological innovation after the change concept.

Be configured to the building thought at center with cushion space, constituted " the cushion space structural system " of factors such as comprising building, management, technology, divide with the technology of the present invention utilization scope, it can be divided into local techniques subsystem, single building subsystem, administrative skill subsystem, social model subsystem four main subsystems such as (seeing Figure 46).Just be not difficult to draw in conjunction with the narration of front, this system and the environment around it have the exchange of material, the exchange of energy and the exchange of information, so be " open "; With existing viewpoint, its subsystem is limited, but its subsystem that can not express at present or implicit is more, so also be " huge system "; Though the kind of existing subsystem is limited, it has comprised existing all various types of buildings, and has produced numerous new buildings, so be " complicated "; There are many levels in this system.According to the systematics principle of big science man Qian Xuesen, the complex gigantic system of an opening that Here it is, it has many levels.

In Figure 46, with the object of this system as urbanology research, this is because the cushion space structure is generally used for the bigger building of depth.If the employing frame construction, and be equipped with the plane separation form of corridor formula, the architectural plane flexible arrangement can be made, and different building function needs can be satisfied.The such building often scale of construction is big, can use for many families, both can live, and also can learn to produce, can also Service Management.No matter this building is number or assets,, all be equivalent to a village no matter drop into or output.It is a city or the society epitome, and the building of other form difficulty reach multi-functional requirement.After the building of this class formed a team, just become little cities and towns, this be one except human factor, all controllable cities and towns of most of known facts system, this does not have research " urban issues " is the most direct, valid approach with fixed attention.

If seeing cities and towns outside cities and towns is green massifs of a slice nature, entering cities and towns then is bustling city scene, and this also can be called a kind of of city with hills and waters.Arrived black night evening, stellar scintillation on the massif, the sky on the massif is illuminated by the lights in cities and towns, and such sight is necessarily very beautiful.The people is the owner in city, is the principal element of urban development, but is a unmanageable factor.As a new urban system a two-way selection course can be arranged.The people can select the place of city as own life, study, work, the city also can with abide by the law, sincerity is received or standard, restriction and selection people.As the city under the market economy, the assets of building are privately owned, and for preventing that building from being controlled by a few peoples or certain interest group, building must acceptance public supervision, particularly private buildings, layer must mark the subregion thereon and open to the public.

Because the changeability of cushion space structure is necessary to strengthen the management of two aspects, the management of the management of technical resource and change behavior.Technically, any construction enterprises can find corresponding cushion space constructing technology resource according to owner's requirement, and use that can be free, but the result of construction should be fed back to resource center, both can allow others' reference, also can obtain whether to have taked in the contract dispute simultaneously the proof of legitimate measure.Single owner's indoor change behavior in addition must be coordinated mutually with interior its owner of building, also will meet the regulation in periphery or area, also should be consistent with the similar building of various places, and this just needs reasonable change behavior management.。

Such requirement is perhaps too harsh, but also has some benefits.Modern Internet technology can make cushion space construct this resource and obtain sharing fully and effectively management.Also make simultaneously a believable transaction platform has been arranged each other, the believable people of honesty, can obtain being equivalent to the guarantee of building assets, make small enterprise obtain being equivalent to the standing of medium-and-large-sized enterprise with the very short time, especially those have the individual and the small enterprise of creativity, can be actual achievement with its technical transform more fast, more easily.Perhaps, this is the major impetus of city or social development.

With regard to the local techniques of cushion space structure, keep the complete and unified of cushion space structure integral body, both can satisfy different function of use requirements, also can reduce use cost.If, just can obtain unusual income with one inappreciable little " technology " or " art " change, be not only and destroy the complete of integral body, also be to provide hotbed for vile social practice.Therefore " cushion space structural system " needs an effective management operation mechanism, and this mechanism should be to allow the somebody of institute can both accept on the earth.

How about is the future of our city and building? can how to develop again? be that environment is all become building, still build and environmental coexistence.What kind of building will we live in? because just difficult again the change finished in present building operations, if allow the user participate in into when design, owing to user's ability reason, form is more than essence often.And a building of having built up when the user experiences problem, but can not change again, otherwise might destroy building structure, reduces the security performance of building, has also increased user's expense, and this also is a kind of waste to social resources.And adopt the building method of cushion space structure can build agent structure earlier, and on the structure of building up, simulate cushion space structure and indoor environment with interim material, can allow the user obtain the impression of real scene, and can change once more.Even building is finished the back delivered and used, as long as the user is dissatisfied, can also make amendment, thereby manufacturing and designing of guaranteeing that the user just very can participate in building owing to do not relate to the structure of building, be the little modification in part even modification is arranged, and the order expense is not high yet yet.

Under condition of market economy, to the enterprise of development of real estate, the thing of primary concern is whether project has economic benefit, and this is related to the final and decisive juncture of enterprise.Whether the cushion space structure is to be based upon on the existing Building technology, adopt this technology to carry out relatively back decision of Technological Economy at the building type that has same function with other, as calculating the cost of all kinds of buildings earlier, carries out synthetical comparison and assessment then from many aspects.Owing to the cushion space structure is new building type, therefore to consider potential user's psychological ability to accept, necessary explanation can be alleviated unnecessary user's misgivings with guidance.But be in the scope that allows at law when any product is propagated, and must distinguish guiding and mislead, in order to avoid cause unnecessary loss.

What the ground thinking of positive truth, research city and building were following is those philosophers, the historian, artist, scientist, engineer, architect, planner, construction theory man etc.But because they disperse, observation analysis from different perspectives, therefore need one can be for the platform or the container of analyzing and researching jointly.The cushion space theory of construction has disclosed some unheeded building inherent laws from application point, adopting the building of cushion space structure is dynamic, a variable mankind's activity place, with this class building is that the master can constitute a sub-district, a village, it is an epitome of society, townlet's model of having simplified, thereby be a comparatively desirable research object.So cushion space structure and system thereof provide the platform that can study for the various aspects fellowship city of human society and the construction of building.

The building that adopts the cushion space structure is the building that can use, can realize, easily study.In addition, the cushion space theory of construction also is consistent with the The development of architecture trend, the ecosystem that adopt international structural system (as frame construction), has incorporated is (as utilizing natural resource, chevron building, city with hills and waters), the designer that can satisfy different artistic styles creates colourful building (having regional style architectural appearance as adopting local material to make).Environmental Technology, environmental art are reached organically with Building technology, art of building to combine.

In addition, proposing cushion space structure center opinion, is that it can reduce the repetition link with making overall plans because in each stage of building life cycle, the cushion space structure can both be brought into play its aggressive effect; Satisfy each side's requirement, it will never allow people obtain the price that a thing is paid double or three parts flexiblyly and limitedly.Perhaps present cushion space structure is clear not enough, however black ice can melt, the clear water of thawing will water out the building world of a slice beauty.Provide a stage just because of cushion space is configured to everyone, also indicated the arrival of a New Times.A colourful brand-new building world will be presented in face of the people, and when we drop into wherein, the descendant will see that we gather loud those " the beautiful music that can change irregularly ".

So far, existing balcony no longer is simple cushion space, and technically, balcony is a kind of special cushion space form in the cushion space structure.The essential characteristic of cushion space structure may be summarized to be: the cushion space structure of building, it is to enter the cushion space structure of use by Gong the people unlike the prior art who is based upon on the cushion space theory of construction.

Each has the technician of architectural discipline knowledge, all is familiar with the architectural construction in house, and as institution of higher education's didactic works " building construction structure " (second edition), Yang Jinduo, room will are bravely write, and Chinese building material industry publishing house published in 2000.The cushion space structure is the local structure of building, and in most of the cases its technology is consistent with the building construction structure.And cushion space is constructed the new model that distinctive part can be understood as the building construction structure, it is treated as corresponding building unit also fully use.

Figure 47 represents that the buffering space unit greening method that protrudes balcony is arranged, and can plant shrub 49, helps the vine plant growth with net 50.Net can be hard or soft; Adopt Double-level Reticulated 51 can strengthen third dimension; Employing is provided with reinforcing bar 52 members such as grade at multiple spot net is fixed on various outer surface of building, can make net can not change the profile of expecting because of the gravity tenesmus; Hang sylphon 53 and draw bird from building nest.Ground outside building is built with regard to almost having become green like this.

In addition, if make net into lamp box advertisement cloth, just can draw a picture in the above, write, it can be the long period, also can be short-term.Because advertisement cloth can transmitted light, therefore, still there is light the inside.If transparent (being made into transparent as the periphery with word or word) made in the part of cloth, the daylighting effect will be better.To night, the light of the inside illuminates cloth cover again, can two get at one stroke.

Figure 48 represents a kind of greening method of triangle body under the window: the controllable shrub of oblique plantation.The root of layer bar leans forward it, hangs with rope 54 in the middle and upper part and draws branch (or hold branch with cross bar 55) to make it keep suitable angle.Frequent trimming leaf, and clean out withered old branches and leaves.From the front, when the height of branch length to one floor, because third dimension is strong and true, afforestation effect will be better than the form with net.

Also can iron bar copy the shape (see Figure 49, perhaps use withered objects such as branch) of branch to roll, allow the vine plant growth of taking advantage of a situation with rope.This method growth is fast, but needs often sagging rattan leaf to be returned on branch, and maintenance is bigger.In addition, the top of branch fixedly rattan leaf is difficult, can prick the artificial leaf of some thin,tough silk systems.Certainly prick some silk flowers and also can make the green rich new meaning that has on whole branches, method is as flower arrangement, and this just provides a wide world of expanding for the artist brings into play its ability and intelligence.In addition, adopt the method for artificial flowers and trees fully, also can reach the effect of beautifying the environment.

If go up borehole or fluting (seeing Figure 50) at bamboo trunk (or its pipe of tool), insert seedling after putting into earth and nutriment, both can prevent that water-saving result is played in the too fast evaporation of sealing, the direction of growth that again can controlling plant, and, just limited the overgrowth of plant because the space of root is limited.

Figure 51 is illustrated in and plants plant 56 on the framework of Figure 41, and people's notice is placed on the plant, and its window or wall has behind just been desalinated.Further, Figure 52 is illustrated in and places various zoological specimens or statue on the framework, also can hang flying bird and aloft swing; Also the automobile of scrapping can be placed on the framework; Or make with car and can allow the people enter " little balcony "; Can also erect stone tablet or sculpture to show souvenir (can consider to put bone ash) as in beam, boxing out.Because the effect of fixing of framework, above-mentioned being received within on the framework in this can't be seemed messy.

In addition, more pattern can also be arranged, as have door and window decoration, decorated archway, bamboo tower of local nationalities' characteristic etc., the existing ornamental usability (balcony) that has again; Also can make window wall; Can also place separable article, be prepared for urgent need as placing a ship in the flood area.Because framework is whole, clocklike, and the variation in those frames is local, if be not all to fill up in the frame, just have as Chinese pictograph and stays the white imagination.Simultaneously, also just have artistic value, also will have the creation schools and the gimmick of infinite art as Chinese calligraphy.Thus, empty space frame has had infinite vitality, because it has obtained organic the combination with the local nationalities tradition, and this combination almost do not have and place restrictions on, and it is clear also to be that masses can be appreciated that intuitively.Simultaneously, with other art more common feature or common language have been arranged also.So such framework is one " decimal point ", is one " microcosm ".

Because framework has the ability of load-bearing, the various designs in the framework can be adopted local economic materials, as bamboo and wood, soil, stone etc.

Figure 53 represents two article, and one is outdoor stack 57 (or tabular), and it can regulate angle up and down, and effect is oil smoke and the dust that filters out in the gas, and tabular stack can also play the effect of sunshade.But no matter be degassing function, or the greening function of Figure 48, they all answer the rule of honor from architectural lighting.

Another part 58 also be used for airfiltering.Its position is exactly the interlayer that can not advance the people in the cushion space, and certainly interlayer can also have other to have multiple use logical, as retaining (can be rainwater, the hot water that absorbs solar energy) etc.After this is that outdoor air is purified again in the inlet chamber, it can play dust in the filtered air, stop purification functions such as winged insect enters, killing bacteria, and it can also have degassing function simultaneously.Effective interchange of heat is carried out in air inlet and exhaust, just can energy conservation.

More than the position and the content of two article can exchange.Generally speaking, the former is used for the hot area, and the latter is used for cold district.But second kind article characteristics are that filtering material is convenient to cleaning, is changed; Can connect other local probe and carry out the sequencing operation, as the temperature difference, the pressure reduction of detecting chamber inner air and outer air, and the air output in the freshness of room air decision intake and a certain zone.The effect of this and common family expenses split-type air conditioner is distinguishing, and it can increase the into function of split-type air conditioner, and split-type air conditioner normally can not suck outdoor fresh air.

Second article can be used as a kind of new household electrical appliance and carries out suitability for industrialized production in theory, and generally using in Urban House both can improve indoor living environment quality, also can filter out the particle in the atmosphere.The household electrical appliance of a kind of environment-friendly type high-intelligentization truly that Here it is.But different with existing household appliances (as range hood, split-type air conditioner etc.) is that the coverage relates to the whole interior space or product; Shared spatial volume is bigger; Has modular work structuring; Be convenient to clean, keep in repair and change.

So-called modular work structuring is exactly that the pipe section that air-borne dust filtration and oil smoke are removed (function is as range hood) is designed to the unit that can roll over, is convenient to daily cleaning; And the dynamo-electric part two ends of suction air are connected on respectively on the above-mentioned pipeline, by professional's cleaning, maintenance; The pipeline that toxic gas filters is in parallel with above-mentioned pipeline, at ordinary times need not, when the state of emergency, switch; The control section of sequencing has that multi-point signal receives and multiple spot control output function, and core is programmable logic controller or microprocessor, is debugged by the technician during installation, the method for the update routine of also can considering to surf the Net.

Above technology is owing to adopt existing technology to integrate to form, do not need advanced technology, but these technology are combined, and to place the buffer area be the creation of present technique.

Figure 54 represents that empty framework can be not according to the profile layout of building.But mandatory declaration is that the size of frame is consistent with the standard width of a room in an old-style house and the floor height built as far as possible, connects the short beam of building and will be fixed on the structure of building.From artistic angle, artistic freely bringing into play in the framework of the variation meeting framing mask, but simultaneously whole art is strengthened.

Figure 55 represents that the buffering space unit that protrudes balcony that has with three 5 meters high adds two layers of formed greening chevron building of each common layer of 3 meters high.On the ground of building front, plant 5～10 meters high plants, upper strata utilization buffering space unit move back layer and appearance greening method thereof, connect each layer greening, just formed more than 20 meter high chevron visual effect.

Be not that to have only the mountain of long tree just can be counted as be the mountain, the mountain of nature is piled by stone usually, earth is only arranged on some stones, ice and snow is arranged or overgrow with tree, and the streams has just been arranged, and has just had the cave to comprise waterfall.Can be by the rule in the natural phenomenas such as the texture of mountain stone, form to not decorating with imitated with the part that plant is blocked in the facade.Because the chevron building is the three-dimensional development that makes progress, the sighting distance effect of institute's orogenetic is suitable for adopting the artificial hillock in the Chinese garden on the Yangtze Delta art to make the gimmick of scape.As the artificial artificial hillock the greening among Figure 55 regarded as the different stone of grotesque peak also is a kind of chevron building.

Figure 56 represents that the buffering space unit greening method that protrudes can also be: the shape that is made into leaf with concrete shell.This has just become a kind of abstract expression plant method.If the architectural plane of circumferential, from just as lotus flower, far see and as an inverted pagoda in edge.Triangle body also can be abstracted into various artistic shapes (seeing the three-view diagram of amplification) under the window.In addition, all right double leaf represented of the shape of leaf as Figure 57, the direction of blade tip is also convertible.Also can make leafy, heavy leaf or the like.

This class artistic expression method and frame type are different, and it is partly to be attached on the wall face (as the inclined-plane), and people can't see framework, as having worn one " coat ".On this exterior wall inclined-plane, also can arrange the various arts work like that by the frame frame, but require to have whole, art of cooperation to consider that Figure 47 and Figure 48 belong to this type of.This also should be to calculate one " decimal point ", one " microcosm ".

So far, mentioned " decimal point " and " microcosm " at three places.Their character is distinguished to some extent with effect.Cause " microcosm " of spatial shape as " decimal point " of change in size; Framework " decimal point " causes " microcosm " of showing various local article or art; And present " decimal point " of venetian blind type " microcosm " of being caused, it combines the various characteristics of front, allows the people can enter cushion space (balcony) simultaneously and uses fully, and its efficient and economy should be the highest.Can describe this three " decimal point " and " microcosm " respectively with the point, line, surface in the geometry.We know many branches in the geometry, how several as analytic geometry, topology, perhaps the achievement in the geometry also can help us to find more architectural design method.In fact, building can be understood as mechanics and adds solid geometry.

The planform of chevron building has multiple, and Figure 57 represents that floor height is 5 meters a frame construction, and the second layer is made box-shaped, and it bears the vertical weight on top, then becomes 2 points (line) when transmitting power downwards.In addition, the top might not be covered with greening, can exposed portions serve framework or building wall.Even like this, it is always limited that the building of this form is moved back layer, also often causes the excessive problem of building bottom depth.

Figure 58 represents to solve the contradiction of moving back layer and depth with the building combination of Building two of differing heights.Because building interval is per diem as requested control and design, therefore can establish in the centre of Building two building garage parking etc. some to the less demanding building of light.Perhaps, thisly showing the appearance effect of building with the space between the building, is exactly the 4th kind " decimal point " and " microcosm ", and it is three-dimensional.So-called " decimal point " and " microcosm ", its essence is fixed a certain feature " decimal point " exactly, goes to seek inexhaustible variation " microcosm ".

Just, both interknited as the mountain peak of occurring in nature, separate again.Penjing art, landscape architecture art and the geomantic omen thought of China all have profound research to this, they have all formed featured, very superb technical skill separately.The technology of the present invention can be used for reference other artistic method in actual applications and create, but in this process, note the difference of visual angle, sighting distance and details emphatically, is also verified in practice with this design techniques that sums up a series of suitable present technique.

Figure 59 represents the architectural plane of a standard width of a room in an old-style house or two standard widths of a room in an old-style house, and the several of its buffer area may arrangement form.Because flowing of air is hot often cold following, so layout can not be utilized this phenomenon preferably.Figure 60 is a kind of buffering space unit method for arranging that does not protrude balcony of combination up and down.Lower floor is the space 60 of a kitchen 59 and a reinforcement, and upper strata smaller part is washroom 61, and all the other major parts are indoor balconies 62 of two printing opacities, and the area of windowing accounts for about 1/3rd of whole facade.This is one of citation form of the technology of the present invention.

From the angle of indoor lighting, the balcony of this transparent two sides is exactly a high-light window that big exterior window trim is arranged, and the people can enter the balcony activity with ladder, and balcony can be introduced the light in the balcony indoor as reflective mirror.The space 60 that reinforced of lower floor can be used as the shelter in addition, and the people can prevent fires therein when breaking out of fire or earthquake, heat insulation, anti-toxic gas, anti-weight weigh wounded, waits for the personnel's that require assistance help.Valuables in the family also can be kept at wherein.The confirmation of test if this method of taking precautions against natural calamities obtains taking precautions against natural calamities, that adopts long internal corridor (middle corridor) so has more selective advantage terraced many families form.And Chinese patent (the multi-functional hedging living space of esidential building through-top column type CN1272584A) also disclose a kind of in building the method for fast life-saving, but it is too cautious, has ignored the anti-seismic performance of building body.

Waiting space main method among the present invention is, this space and major structure of construction fused carry out integrated and efficient and reinforce.Mainly be that six faces in this space are reinforced, will make fillet, airtight performance preferably be arranged as reinforce perforates such as (six grades of people's air defense designs are public technologies), especially door and window according to senior civil air defense works.The function of use in this space is mainly anti-high temperature, Smoke prevention, gas roof, prevents that violence and military force from attacking, and has storage valuables function concurrently.Owing to link to each other, after promptly entering Waiting space, change water the kitchen and food over to Waiting space from little closed perforate with the kitchen.Can reduce unnecessary at ordinary times material stock like this, and the inner space can be used for storing the article that take up space that are of little use at ordinary times, as cotton-wadded quilt etc.In case enable the function of taking refuge, only need outside building, to abandon unnecessary article and increase the inner space, also can cause rescue personnel's attention simultaneously.

This Waiting space should be furnished with the existence requirement, as food (food and water), medicine, chemical defence articles for use, calling for help equipment (buzzer, sound amplifier), escape articles for use (rope, ladder), and allowed by law self-protection arms etc.The metope of Waiting space open interior must be no less than two (as reaching and outdoor relevant wall with indoor relevant wall); Each metope has a hole that has safety door that can supply the people to enter at least; Each metope has an intransitable hole of people at least.

Waiting space is located at the buffer area of building, also can prevents external attack, if with the buffer area of building all like this standard reinforce, this building is just as same seat castle.The material of relevant Waiting space and structure are on one side can adopt in concrete six structural strengths and the hardness that adds the steel mesh reinforcement encrypted or increase the Waiting space body in the method that steel concrete adds steel plate; The nontoxic heat-barrier material of subsides such as glass silk flosssilk wadding and gas concrete thin plate etc. reach effect of heat insulation in Waiting space.In addition, Waiting space itself can form independently technology, and details such as the relevant further material structure of Waiting space technology propose when applying in addition.It is innovation of the present invention that Waiting space is combined with cushion space.

Figure 61 is the another kind of buffering space unit method for arranging that does not protrude balcony.Lower floor is outside corridor 63 forms, and half is arranged in the inlet chamber is the kitchen, and the upper strata is constant.Kitchen daylighting can utilize the part to open the method daylighting of roof window 64 in principle not at corridor wall uplifting window, so also can realize the compact efficient of usage space.

Figure 62 represents how to determine the degree of depth of buffer area.At first, calculating the position should be that the people can effectively use, and as the inclined-plane shelf daylighting, just should calculate little position (seeing last figure), and the people that whether can stand of this place is unimportant.Secondly, and do not have that cushion space is indoor to be compared, buffer area is that to have extended the solar radiation degree of depth after increasing height resulting that part of.Usually adopt and window area than calculating the Method for Area of windowing, its solar angle all is lower than 45 degree.Again because the difference of the actual conditions of all parts of the world, as towards factors such as, height above sea levels.Earlier default miter angle should require to adjust in concrete building project according to actual conditions and purposes.Total be exactly lower floor's floor height in this example, the height on upper strata is exactly the depth of its buffer area.

Figure 63 represents not protrude balcony and does not mean that outer facade must be the plane, can be tortuous, or the left and right sides degree of depth does not wait.The column of employing profiled-cross-section is better effects if sometimes.

Generally speaking, though cushion space structure by one deck, two layers, or the cushion space of multilayer combination, the balcony that its structure all can be regarded as the equivalent layer number combines up and down.Figure 64 represents that balcony can be divided into interior balcony 65, outporch 66 and marginal balcony 67, and balcony also is a kind of comparatively economic form of structure usually.Can see that from the front form that wall balcony structure can be: the method for choosing bracket 68 or following diagonal brace outside taking; Take floor 69 whole outer methods of choosing; Or take side wall 70 or last brace to draw the method for hanging.These all are the methods of considering weight is passed to building body, and buffer area also can come load-bearing with the structure of self, and this moment, building body was the effect of horizontal stable.The method of employing integral manufacturing balcony is used for those and determines constant position.

Figure 65 represents situation that two floor heights are merged less than the floor of buffering space unit, and lacked a cushion space after merging, this merging is fine when the centre is public corridor, this form Chinese patent existing open (two-storeys used in one corridor miniature residence CN1071991A), but because the difference on the cognitive sense, this patent is set at floor height less than 3.15 meters, in present technique, total floor height at one family is not less than 3.5 meters, arranges as Chinese patent (the room partition CN2392852Y of spring layer dwelling house).But this merging form of this figure causes two family air-flows easily and crosstalks up and down through public corridor.

Figure 66 represents to adopt two kinds the combined situation up and down of protruding balcony, and the following balcony of lower floor is replaced by the flower garden, thereby makes the flower garden seem bigger, but indoor daylighting and bad.Bottom adopts daylighting chamber, upper strata can make the indoor more sunlight direct projection that obtains.If two spaces also are passages in the drawings, also can merge.

The two layer building generalized section of Figure 67 for forming by the buffering space unit that protrudes balcony.Intermediate course floor 71 can be made when the interior decoration of light materials such as timber, on the beam or wall around floor can be fixed on, also can fix with 72 methods of fishing, and sets up little terraced 73 indoors and connects each space.Mark cushion space 74, can relax the variation of the inside and outside physical environment of building, can establish some little space such as washrooms here, its vertical pipe can descend along exterior wall.The method that floor also can take post or wall 75 to support below, owing to be with the identical making of floor 71, such floor also can be considered can oscilaltion.For example arranging the upper strata is the workspace for rest area lower floor, just floor can be raise when work, then floor is descended when rest.The stroke of this oscilaltion should not be too big, guarantees at least that height after the compression can allow the people bend to enter to get thing, and indoor furniture height also is controlled at this height, as 1.5 meters of height.Can adopt the automation mechanized operation of multiple spot synchronisation control means.The method that can also adopt hydraulic pressure or air pressure to support makes floor produce the innervation of car and boat.Indoor floor passageway 76 can be supported or hanging, and the passageway can be made into rigid, also can be soft (as cableway), can also be movable (as suspension bridge).

Figure 68 represents that the cushion space structure can be used for unit building, corridor building, uses in circular tower shape building, and it is exactly the perimeter zone of circle.Though the cushion space structure has certain directionality (as the interarea Chaoyang), other is towards also using the cushion space structure.Figure 69 represents to build east-west direction, and in a building or samely indoor two cushion spaces structure can be arranged simultaneously, normally at the two ends of an indoor depth direction.

It is to be noted that corridor building has the numerous species type, as building internal corridor, outside corridor, can be low layer, multilayer and high level, the spring layer formula is arranged, form such as the corridor formula that jumps when being used to live.Purposes has hotel room, business office, old building, bachelor apartment etc.Generally speaking, mostly counting heavy constructions all adopts the corridor to connect the little space of each special use, arrangement convenience, economy like this.

Architectural plane can be tortuous (seeing Figure 70), or is linked to be a ring-type (seeing Figure 71), space, so inner square of easy formation with several buildings building.Method with combination is combined into the architectural complex with mountain range trend characteristic (seeing Figure 72) with the building of various differing heights.Also can in the ring-type architectural complex, build point-like building (seeing Figure 73).

Figure 74 is the stratified construction technology (drawing self-reference book " distinguished scientists' Qian Xuesen opinion: urbanology and city with hills and waters ") of foreign study, and its characteristics are done brace for adopting huge steel pipe, and ten kinds of space cell systems are arranged, and main purpose is to save the soil.Yet this technology has two subject matters: the space cell that will be unit with the family is exposed to the outside too much; The efficient of brace bearing space unit is not as the vertical frame structure.Yet this technology also has two valuable aspects, and structural element can be rolled over dress and change; Brace can cause the chevron effect of moving back layer.

Figure 75 represents prefabricated space cell (family) is installed in the completed frame construction, with regard to being easy to impaired structure is keeped in repair and is changed like this.And members such as all structures, space cell can be transported to the building site again and install behind produce in factory, can save cost, accelerate construction speed.This space cell also can use the cushion space constructing technology, and for making the lasting use of structural system, maintenance is very important with replacing.If space cell is made different length, and it is stacked to press long upward weak point, comes out though top has framework, can cause the effect of chevron generally.Figure 76 represents to strengthen the structural strength of space cell, and is directly that space cell is stacked.

Figure 77 is Figure of description 4 schematic diagrames among the Chinese patent change floor height spring layer formula living space CN1062185A, it is quite similar with this patent to iris out part among the figure, but this part patent application purpose in 1991 is not at this, but in the variation of the intermediate layer height outside circle, after this do not see to the interior similar patent application of circle to disclose that visible people are thin to the consciousness in buffer area and space yet.

Figure 78 is illustrated in and can makees various regular or irregular patterns on the empty framework, and pattern is changeable, and framework both can become the part of pattern, also shouldn't framework, and key is that pattern same decided method and whether pattern plans will change in the future.

Figure 79 is an essential characteristic schematic diagram of the present invention.Be the unit structure of two layers of standard widths of a room in an old-style house, lower floor is a passage, is the kitchen on the limit of entering; The upper strata is a balcony, enters from the top, kitchen with ladder.Can see the inboard large windows of balcony, and triangle body and empty block diagram frame are arranged on the exterior wall.

In sum, the space function of use of cushion space structure can be kitchen, washroom, balcony, passageway, corridor, storage room, space interlayer, Waiting space etc.The space physics function of cushion space structure can be daylighting, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, ventilation, sound insulation and other function such as psychological vision, thermal-arrest heat radiation etc.Adopt the building of modular cushion space structure, its interior space can be separated flexibly, and floor can be made the movable structure floor that comprises.The profile of cushion space structure is come the art of expression except existing employing spatial modelling, can also accomplish colourful artistic expression, as vegeto-animal model, greening etc.Cushion space structure can be taked the real gimmicks such as (abstract, reality) of void (frame is got on the bus, animal).The structure of cushion space structure can expose also and can not expose.The architectural plane that adopts the cushion space structure can be the forms such as high building of modular, corridor formula or point-like, can be straight line, broken line or curve shape, and be mixed the architectural complex of forming with other all kinds of buildings or built the sub-district by these buildings.Owing to adopt the cushion space constructing technology can form the chevron building, so these architectural complex can form the hills and mountains effect, and there is the mountain range of moving towards nature on bossed mountain peak, and from the lake between the architectural waterfall that flies, building.The building week of adopting the cushion space structure is circlewise the time, can the outside be the ecological form with plant landscape, and the inboard then is the bustling scene in modern city.

The cushion space constructing technology can be used for large-scale for the commercial type building of living, because adopt the cushion space structure have can be according to the transformation of demand the flexible transformation interior space, satisfy the requirement of multiple function of use, thereby make heavy construction realize efficient, sustainable development.Adopting the building sub-district of cushion space structure is open built-up area, does not just have big change again though in a single day the sub-district is built up, and it can be complied with tense and change, and it can be to ambient radiation in the hope of development and perfection.The cushion space constructing technology also can be used for reconstructing existing building.The cushion space constructing technology also can adopt the manufacture method of prefabricated house to build simple construction.

Select to speech with regard to architectural appearance, the frame form in the cushion space structure lays particular emphasis on outward appearance and art, and modular cushion space structure balanced function of use and outward appearance art, so the structure model selection of building should be as the master.

The cushion space structure makes the development of real estate method that basic change take place: after can formerly having determined structure, to build and only be accomplished to structure, be that semiproduct (or are called intermediate, it does not also possess service condition), then according to market information, carry out as seen with the user, convenient just as cutting into a cake.Because this short in process cycle, invest for a short time, turn of the market is not quite also adjusted easily and is controlled, so risk is just little.Can save the just reconstruction waste of not use that is caused by design and usage variance; Because risk reduces the exploitation profit margin is descended, thereby the end user is benefited, save acquisition cost; Owing to improved the utilization rate of social resources, thereby social resources be fully utilized.So the cushion space structure has had influence on land development, capital collection, the construction technology in the real estate process.

" microcosm " and idea have repeatedly been mentioned in the front, and every appearance once, and its form just is very different.Be so why, " microcosm "? because existing now big and boundless universe.Why is idea? because have only people's brain just can see, both right and wrong were objective for it, and also right and wrong are idealistic.But it is dialectical, can materialization, i.e. and dialectical materialistic.Macrocosmos is real, objective reality, and the microcosm is in the mankind's brain.Changing or the promotion macrocosmos with " microcosm ", should be the maximum target of human development.

So, " microcosm " just can only not exist only in the cushion space structure.The method of checking is very simple, as long as the content relevant with the cushion space structure removed, sees whether " microcosm " also exists.Available point, line, surface that mention previously and solid illustrate.Point itself is exactly the cushion space structure, and just having removed has not had whatever; Line has been removed and can have been stayed; Face, solid just stay more.Whether also has other microcosm? certainly have, attempt several examples: the intermediate of the building of just having mentioned is exactly one " decimal point ", also exists one " microcosm ".This intermediate itself has no connection with the cushion space structure, but the revolution of having adopted the cushion space structure just to produce real estate development process.Property management will be expected naturally like this, network will be expected.Network can also be used for study, transaction, and they can be irrelevant with the cushion space structure.Network is just one " decimal point " under construction, but say that network is one " microcosm ", does not have any objection.With regard to cushion space structure category, use network technology can realize exchange of technology and resource-sharing, can realize that anyone right power can obtain, use coequally the cushion space constructing technology publicly, network also is infinite in this field effect." microcosm " is the bridge that connects each subject.

Having mentioned architectural concept in Figure 45, is exactly the building structure as pyramid " lastingly " in fact.Building structure provides the space of mankind's activity, the building structure that chooses, the utilization that just can improve regions resources.Broken away from structure, what is built neither; Destroy just order rather forever of structure.Have only the stable of building structure, architectural culture is continued, just have economic stable development.Yet this architectural concept is put into the cushion space theoretical system from simple.

Explanation about independent claim in the claim.

Though Figure 36 has described the position and the classification thereof of cushion space, in fact also can do following segmentation:

A cushion space: have only one deck just as balcony; Two layers or more shared sunlight greenhouse is arranged or be called the communal space (on the limit of building), the citation form of its structure is a framework, and as on the empty framework 42 of Figure 41 glass being installed, framework is iron and steel, aluminium alloys or steel concrete.

Two cushion spaces: if mutual incoherent two spaces, just as single balcony.If relevant, horizontal arrangement is consistent with present architectural design concept, the different many concrete forms that just increase newly; And the method for arranging up and down is different with present architectural design concept then, the present invention with all it is referred to as modular space in first to file.Modular space normally is family service, and its form is that two sheaf spaces are given into the interior space service that the unit is one deck or two layers, but the interior space at this family can conversion, so the family is a kind of form of being convenient to express at this moment.

A plurality of cushion spaces: when there are three layers or the more multi-layered interior space in a family, and cushion space is different from above-mentioned any form when being not one deck.Otherwise also can one family, three spaces, two families, three spaces (as Figure 65), three families, three spaces, four families, three spaces etc.; All right one family, four spaces, or the like.If interior space number and the buffering space array situation of closing are listed with form, just can find out known or present sub-fraction in the just base that uses down.Though wherein have many be a kind of in form or have exploitativeness in theory, the practicality of cushion space finally still will lean on local function more effectively just can apply than common form.

In addition, little space that the people cannot enter or interlayer such as Figure 53 are significant, and it is the another kind of expression way (Figure 44 is the empty framework that is different among Figure 41) of the imaginary space.This little space except level can also be vertical, oblique, meander-like or the like (as Figure 32,33,34,35).

Modular space is the mode that is used in combination of present known good comprehensive properties cushion space in these spaces.The inventor is divided into the unit has the protrusion balcony (being exactly in first to file) and do not have to protrude balcony two classes, wherein has the balcony of protrusion to be divided into two kinds on balcony and following balcony again.

In a word, form with cushion space of realistic meaning is limited, and because the difference on the understanding, have only sub-fraction form wherein using simply at present, modular cushion space is to have expanded existing form, and by the foundation of cushion space theory of construction, these forms have greatly been enriched among the present invention.Therefore can't adopt the method for indivedual descriptions on the whole and can only use exclusive method, and in partial descriptions be adopt targetedly, individual method for distinguishing, but that individual other can't replace is whole, the form of structure in the claim that Here it is.

About the intermediate claim, I also mention in first to file.In modern society, investment builds a house normally to be needed to file an application or put on record to administrative authority.In addition, also there is not a kind of elder generation only to build half so far, and the design of back building method undetermined.Cushion space structure of the present invention is to be used for building structure method afterwards, and it has comprised function and pipelines thereof such as the kitchen in the building, health, and these functions all can be done later on, and the cushion space structure is applicable to various building types.Therefore adopting the building method of intermediate to create in the cushion space constructing technology, also is discernible.

Because intermediate itself does not relate to the cushion space constructing technology, therefore the present invention's another layer meaning of proposing this technology is, intermediate is open at first by present technique, moreover any civilian construction project all should be by convention proposes complete application or puts on record to appropriate authorities.Its practical use is not described if only propose to use intermediate, and this has not only destroyed existing construction program and system, and truth also can't cover up facts.

About in first to file.The present invention is all the elements that covered in first to file, and it has two layers of implication: include in unexistent other technology arranged side by side of first to file; And in the technical field in first to file, the present invention is more complete, perfect.Therefore in first to file, explained but the failed call right, or illustrated imperfect and do not get the Green Light, so long as the present invention with new theory and the described scope of viewpoint in, by the present patent application.In addition, the application's application before formerly confirmation request discloses, this application technology thereby be unexposed technology, and has the power of revising and applying for again in person, anyly otherwise know my first to file content more a few days ago, should treat as and accept and can only could propose relevant, new therewith art applications in the future open open.For example, if I in first to file, the balcony in the independent right made into non-saliently just can become different applications, still this is my thought (seeing application specification accompanying drawing 1 formerly) obviously.

Purpose of the present invention at first is in the suitable occasion very first time that technology is open; Next is to advocate operation technique fairly and reasonably; Allow the technology be human development and just cause service.At last, have only present technique to be accepted, used, be only when obtaining labour remuneration by people by society.

Be not difficult to find out that from the process of this explanation theoretical and technology is a synchronized development, the formation of technical system has been supported in theoretical formation.Theoretical whether complete might influence technique complete, but as long as theory has novelty, the theoretical whether complete existence that can't destroy new technology.The other parts of relevant summary of the invention are placed on explanation in the lump in the implementation method.Beneficial effect adopts the cushion space structure can be regardless of the geographical position, is regardless of building type, is regardless of building method, is applicable to all kinds of new and old buildings.Because building is the basis of modern society, therefore building also relates to aspects such as economy, politics, culture except relating to pure Building technology.The gregarious life of Kakkas and their Earthen Building is exactly best illustration.Cushion space technology, its basic purpose are exactly will be with modern thought idea and the technical method that comprises Building technology, research and solve form, characteristics and the method for gregarious (or be called yard up) life.The foundation of cushion space tectonic system is to have obtained breakthrough on this key problem, and can form a kind of positive social dynamics, thereby promotes the development of regional economy and the raising of humanistic quality.

Angle from dialectical materialism, any effect certainly exists its reaction, and when society enters building, or building is when being socially reintegrated, building no longer may be in the absolute leadership status on the one hand, and on the other hand, building also can be selected the direction of its development when being socially reintegrated, and that is exactly the society of sustainable development, positive society, the society of democracy, the society of a global family, the society of environment protection health.

With the cushion space is the building system of core, is a huge system.Its building is arranged the flexibility with function, is the favorable factor of building continuous development, also can become the stealthy part of various devious conduct.Building is the symbol of social development, the future that the mankind should and will inevitably move towards the light.But justice all may take place in various buildings with evilness.With the cushion space is the building system of core, as technology it must be within controllable scope, allow it be the just cause service.Because it is newborn things, therefore have reason to place from the beginning just, fair and open, a rational frame system again.This individual system should be a region-by-region not, is regardless of rich or poorly, is regardless of the status.

The social demand of building is to satisfy the reasonable structure of society's operation, and incorrect method and juice are the main negative factors that causes cyclic fluctuation.Since also unstable between each factor of social economy, also will inevitably make building be subjected to corresponding influence.Though be that the building system of core can be broken the various barriers of going up in ground and the building development ﹠ construction with the cushion space, simultaneously also can produce new problem and contradiction, therefore, set up effective contradiction resolution mechanism, realize that resource-sharing just can lay a good foundation for development of market economy.

The development of society will inevitably cause the needs of all trades and professions to building, and they also can play an active part in into, becomes a member in the building troop.The system that with the cushion space is core provides chance just for this reason.Yet, must be against profiteering, oppose knot group, oppose malice manipulation and control.This will do from the source, and setting up with the building is the coordination system under the market economy of industry participant's voluntary participation of core, also will allow property owners and user's fellowship of building, and what set up networking is the management system at center with the Building technology.Have only the coordinating and unifying of people, building, operating mechanism, yet could guarantee that urban society is from development in an orderly manner.

In a word, be core with the present technique, set up the paid administrative mechanism of member system, just can be clearly and the main line of strengthening building, effectively get rid of extraneous interference, make the factor of all kinds of participations buildings ground common development of can coordinating, help each other, make the cushion space constructing technology become the new force of architectural development.Institute's drawings attached of this explanation of description of drawings all has been illustrated in summary of the invention and embodiment, no longer repeats at this.The form in the common cities and towns of the specific embodiment has multiple, as theme core town, geographical traffic town, economic Yi Hua town etc., is had by some mostly that the building of various difference in functionalitys forms.Have various difference in functionalitys simultaneously owing to adopt the building of cushion space structure to can be implemented in the big building in a building, just formed unique " building, village ", as " ChuangYe Building " in first to file, it is based on technological development.The implementation method in a kind of " professional building " will be described in the present invention, and it mainly is based on small-sized production and has commerce services and function such as inhabitation." review cities and towns " and " motion cities and towns " two kinds of implementation methods are described in addition.These three kinds of methods have all been used thought of the present invention and technology.

Embodiment one: professional building

Chinese patent (be used to live and work mixes building CN1214100A) discloses a kind of peristyle office inhabitation type building method.The external architectural design conception that also has vehicle can directly reach floor.Their characteristics are that the building scale of construction is big, and building supervision operational efficiency height is lived and the office one.The major function of these buildings is clear and definite, embodies concentrated advantage.

A kind of market building in that China generally builds at present is divided into some little stands with floor area and hires out to the individual proprietor.Its problem is that form is common, and management style is single, mainly is circulating functions such as merchandise display, wholesale and sale, because of the difference of channel separately exists the hidden danger of quality problems and intellectual property infringement.Because the construction investment amount is big, the project organizer has higher short-term investment repayment again, has often loosened the supervision and management to working proprietor.And because individual operator limited in one's ability, failure in operation happens occasionally, and has caused really that flow of personnel is big, the situation of difficult management.

On the other hand, after people have purchased house property, business activities such as after living, expected taxi, work at home, launch company, produced contradiction with original pure inhabitation design, because residential building mostly is modular one terraced two families or three families, as long as family trade, calmness originally is just destroyed, lives and has become mutual interference mutually with operation.With regard to pure commercial office complex, can not continuous operation according to the labor laws and regulations office worker, generally also only use a daytime, therefore the service efficiency of building and equipment is low.Especially when equipment depreciation greater than building during depreciation, take the method for operation in 24 hours just can reduce the wasting of resources of equipment depreciation.

Adopting the cushion space structure can prolong the application life of building, caused the depreciation cost of building costs to share decline, is the usable floor area increasing of unit thereby cause with the family, and indoor function of use also increases thereupon.Because the demand in bedroom must be limited after all, therefore mainly increased the area of non-inhabitation.And the building be not only be used for consumption, it also can produce income.Like this, will form is unit in a large number with the family, be engaged in the unit of operating service activity, they are for attracting more client, similar industry or relevant occupation begin to flock together, existing each other cooperation also has the division of labor, the building of the big scale of construction that Here it is, just " the professional building " of the present embodiment.Its aim is " attracting more client with high-quality, special service ".And allow the whole family live into the building, and live, learn, work whole day and omnibearing binding, thus promote benefit and quality to improve synchronously, and this is the creativeness utilization of present technique.

Figure 80 is professional building one a family transverse cross-sectional view.Floor height is 5 meters, and center-aisle separates living area and production area.Ventilation equipment 80 are delivered to the zone that natural ventilation is difficult to arrive with new wind.Filtering and cleaning device 81 is optionally installed in the production exhaust additional.External direct labor is arranged in the top interlayer 82 of production area and has a rest, because the daily schedule is unified in whole building, workman's rest quality is secure, if continuous operation in shifts, the workman can arrive the living area and have a rest.

Figure 81,82 is respectively the lower and upper first floor plan of Figure 80.Adopt modular cushion space structure, lower floor is kitchen 83 and washroom 84, and the upper strata is a daylighting balcony 85, and the basic miscellaneous function of Ju Zhuing has just possessed like this.Under the situation of production work, the daylighting of living is required just to become back burner.If professional good, the living area purposes of can also instead handling official business.Further development is that two standard widths of a room in an old-style house merge, and partition wall is got through production site is strengthened.

Can see that from above three figure two ends all outwards choose framework and formed the imaginary space 86.Can do advertising on the framework in living area, the framework in the production area also can be used for purposes such as sound insulation, greening.In ask passage top the space can be used as and arrange common conduit usefulness, as fire-fighting spraying; Also can be used as the storage space at this family.

The interlayer floor 88 of production area is the method for available suspention also, utilizes demarcation strip 89 that the power of floor is passed to ceiling.Floor can be done more like this, further floor can also be made movable up and down.Modern civilization comprises the civilization of production, and workman's the production environment and the quality of product are closely related, and good production environment standard is relevant with people's dwelling environment, and it is acceptable arranging the workman to have a rest in other words like this.For saving space, the workman is with about the pedal of installing on the wall.

Figure 83,84 is the upper and lower first floor plan of professional building typical floor.Arrange the framework of empty (void) around the building, both can be used as the structure of advertisement, the effective way when also being emergency escape.The building body load-carrying members design according to the light industry Standard Factory Room.For sake of convenience, various arrangement forms by district's conversion, when using, reality needn't be sat in the right seat.

The basic post and beam structure in the professional building of expression, a district.Story height is 5 meters, and lower floor's floor is a major bearing structures, and half of floor height established linking beam.Adopt 4 meters * 5 meters the post net (should design by construction module, as 4.2 meters, 5.1 meters, herein for convenience of explanation and round numbers) and flat slab structure.Owing to only consider life and small-scale production, therefore adopt little colum network size, can reduce deck-molding or adopt no beam slab.But the post net is crossed the economy that secret meeting reduces framework, in the time of also can causing several from now on standard widths of a room in an old-style house to merge, still can not produce big space.Therefore preferably without the linking beam of interlayer, or pay the utmost attention to the vertical linking beam of cancellation.

The left side in b district and Figure 80,81,82 similar; But the right side is the production area of overall height, and its living area is used for product introduction and office.

C district colum network size is 8 meters * 10 meters, and the centre is the large space of an overall height.Two ends are encrypted the post net, can improve the stability and the safety of building structure.Though there are four buffering space units in this space, they only can be seen as each buffering space unit of two ends.If middle two large spaces all do not have floor from the building bottom to the roof, just become the well of a hollow, its form is just as the rocket mounting shop.

D district expression center-aisle is widened to a colum network size, can adopt electric motor car to transport goods like this.And, be provided with Waiting space at the other end.Adopt the combination of composite material that structural strength is increased, the ability of taking precautions against natural calamities has also been improved.

If the floor along dotted line cancellation passage one side connects the living area with passage aisle, make building be divided into two sections in north and south in form; If structure is also separated (can keep the connection of beam on demand), and draw back several meters phase mutual edge distances, but they all lead to same escalator simultaneously along dotted line.Can improve air and daylighting situation in the original building like this, but increase original passage distance.

Elevator and stair hall are arranged in the centre position of common buildings, can take into account two ends like this.Utilize interlayer can arrange the control in building, management etc., be used for public lavatory and shower, water for bathing is recycling after concentrating simple process.If one is the elevator hall and can not satisfies the fire-fighting requirement, can increase the stair hall in the plane can outdoor ladder.

A left side, e district is the trapezoidal formula at a family two, and north is to extending out, and lower floor and the right are got through.Can be used for fully living, or inhabitation adds office.Right for adopting the buffering space unit that exterior balcony is arranged.Left and right sides interior space complementation becomes a complete building structure space, and they can also disposable, but design or party wall or the floor selected for use should have enough intensity, and can not disturb mutually.

F can be used as the mode of sales counter taxi and manages for the commercial pattern that adds inhabitation, the bottom left side, and separate room, the right is showed, adopts wicket to add the form of rolling door.Be characterized in and live together, all right store goods of operator makes the operator that sense of ownership be arranged, and flows thereby reduced the operator.The prestige in building relates to the each household vital interests, and lessor, operator can more spontaneously be safeguarded, thereby increase the difficulty of managing the faithlessness commodity.And, because operator's image is omnibearing, is easy to discern and manages improperly and behavior people agaainst the law, be convenient in time make adjustment.

G is that the corridor, limit that is used for amusement arranges that linking beam is keeping.Usually build up initial stage consumption facility on every side and comparatively lack, also and not exclusively occupy in the building, by the suitable recreation information of building administrative department, can enrich free life, further mutual understanding, also can attract more people to add, after reaching desirable balance between revenue and expenditure, again the power of management is sold with compensation.In like manner, also be applicable to dining room, haircut, body-building etc.

H does not arrange in the bilateral corridor with one deck that the left side is a full depth plane separation up and down, is easy to generate conflicting of pipeline and room; The right is that intermediate vertical is separated, and natural ventilation is relatively poor.

More than explanation mainly embodies the various layouts and the purposes in professional building, and communicates with many other building house types, and its feature is the advantage of integral transformation combination.As long as there is bigger scale in the building, as 10 layers every layer 20 family, add the workman and wait each household average out to 6 people, have 1200 people, add all kinds of mobile personnel, every day, the turnover personnel in building will exceed 2,000, as same sub-district or village.They are engaged in various occupation, complement one another, and mainly existence approach is the product of production and processing outside need, as food, semi-hand goods etc., become a kind of pattern of living and working in peace and contentment in cities and towns, city resident.See this building as factory from the production angle, a family or a family then are departments in producing, and this is the social mode of production of a kind of building intensification.

Yet all relevant buildings all can face some problems, and as fire fighting problem, environmentally-friendly sanitary, the quality of production, supervision and management etc., this building will inevitably expose more all kinds of problem owing to being one with all kinds of building function collection.So must strengthen effectively management, and this management is a kind of novel management, it is different from enterprise, is different from government, also is different from residence committee or village committee.Under the existing market economic condition, should be the professional manager system under the owner manages.It at first is managerial personnel's professional ethics; Next is the effective supervision administrative mechanism; Be ability evaluation mechanism then.This examination must be just can draw after personnel's of the same trade or business behavior relatively.Taking member system format management, Training Management personnel comparatively closely, allow the building select to be fit to the administrative staff of self-growth with the membership, is a kind of comparatively feasible method.

The cushion space structure can be used for building all over the world, and professional building provides a kind of pattern for the economic development of various places; Because each stage that cushion space is configured to build, the development that the whole world of technical resource is shared as the building provides reference; Simultaneously, construct under this global common language, provide platform for carrying out transaction with credit at cushion space.As the family in the building, its ability is limited, but the potential in synthetic building is huge, whole credit that Here it is, want safety and effectively utilize this resource, nature can participate in common economic system, thereby shares this big cake of federated resource advantage.

Embodiment two: review cities and towns.

Aspects such as review building relates to culture and education, creates more jobs, goes sightseeing, civic landscape, scientific research.In the city, build the review building and can improve the city influence power, we can say that the review industry also is the potential resource that the city should be excavated.If but only build some review buildings little, that disperse, or comparatively simple, deserted, abstruse review theme, people's attention and acceptance are just low.And the review construction investment of large-scale synthesis is big, the cycle short, and cost and very risky is not that general small and medium-sized cities can bear.

Tracing it to its cause, mainly is that the ratio of cost absorbing and benefit does not meet the market economy rule, often needs the finance of local government to support.Further analyze, just can find that a large amount of investments has all been consumed by unpractical building, and these buildings can not transform other purposes into after the review peak, therefore some buildings are exactly interim, this shows reason that cost is high, and this to build, tear open behavior itself also be waste to social resources.

Cushion space structure has the characteristics of cheapness, democratic art, and adopts the building of cushion space structure to have the characteristic of multiple function of use, and the weakness at above-mentioned review building proposes the scheme in review cities and towns at this.Be that theme cities and towns are built in a fair, during exhibitions, building satisfies the functional requirement of exhibition; After exhibition, except that fraction kept, most of building reconstructed to become to be fit to live, commercial, service, tourism and and read extensively the function of use of relevant industry, sell or hire out.Can reduce admission ticket attracts more tourist on the one hand by fair like this, but improves the popularity of review building simultaneously, also can drive the prosperity of the overall tourist industry in area; Building can also be sold in advance or hired out on the other hand, meet the market economy rule with the ratio that reaches cost absorbing and benefit.Thereby make government change the manager into from the investor, even remove the tax revenue of cities and towns several years from, for country, everyway is favourable.

As Figure 85, for building the review architectural complex of waterside in, massif and greening are focused in its moulding outside, and semi-enclosed ring-type inboard is a building wall, from each angle the building impression of building on the mountain top can be arranged all, appropriately goes back the sensation that the handlebar mountain hollows out if decorate.Can this building realize? to consider at first whether this building method is feasible.This building is to adopt isohypse to construct construction level, and is layering different sections formed.Because the feasibility of building is mainly whether structure is reliable, therefore, whether problem is converted into the transmission up and down of every layer of structure and power feasible.This can simplify calculating by computer on the one hand, can also carry out model testing on the other hand.A common large-scale construction project can obtain more authentic communication by model testing, and also be acceptable economically owing to complex structure.Its less important needs that whether can satisfy function of use of seeing, its key are the floor height and the colum network sizes of structure.Can take 6～7 meters floor height, the method with the furred ceiling interlayer keeps 5 meters free headroom and is not subjected to the interference on upper strata.Lateral force is adopted the shear wall opposing, and the building area between two walls will satisfy instructions for use; Vertically increasing steel pipe concrete hollow cylinder, the inside deployment tube, line; Adopt local casing to increase the distance of encorbelmenting; With the long stake inside the stub protection of periphery; All buildings are all on three platforms; In building, improve the stability of building, and can be used for traffic aisle with unsettled gallery; The hall function that replaces exhibition with three inner squares.

Major part is built especially top-out and can be hired out or sell like this, since the popularity of ambient conditions and building, user's high price degree of recognition height.The scalp of Fen Saning has converged into big famous structure like this.Whether this is the scheme of achieving many things at one stroke.When you will separate building, the cushion space structure just can be served for you.Pipeline descends along exterior wall, is submerged among the greenweed, needn't worry the inclination of pipeline, and pipeline should tiltedly be put originally.

Embodiment three: motion cities and towns.

We can say that all heavy constructions and heavy construction group have a theme, this theme and building size also can adopt present technique to implement.Such as, amusement theme, performance theme, animal theme, floral theme etc.Be the theme with motion again at this and lift an example:

Shown in Figure 86, the basic thought of this programme is to build to hold the Olympic Games, can live, produce the cities and towns with city function again.

Overall plan: entire city is rectangle, and inside is divided into three by two East and West direction main roads, and north is athletes' village and official village, joins the greening place; South is reporter and honored guest village, joins the sportsman exercise floor; Middle based on sports and competitions, have two stadiums on about 100,000 people's stadium, center and the limit.Article two, interior city wall is by Security Officer, administrative staff or firmly army's use.Outer city wall is continuous architectural complex, is used for common hotel, restaurant, tourist corporation etc.

Whole layout capital in similar ancient times also can be regarded quadrangle as, and water body then embodies southern gardens style in the city.The different high building group of height is become the local flavor in tool Guilin by vertical greening.The building that number row is cranky is decorateeed into hills and mountains straggly.Six arch bridges are decoration, also play traffic slow-down effect in the city.

Keep 20 meters greening and passage land used between the belt road of outside the city and " city wall ".Construct a circle water barrier in the city, all personnel can only be from the city gate in bridge be gone into.Establish water processing establishment in north, city east, be responsible for the turnover of water and handle, and water is flowed in the direction of the clock water level promoting.

Local design: intermediary massif main building group is controlled within the pyramidal moulding that an inclined-plane is 45 degree, takes the form of building in the housing.Article four, seamed edge adopts steel work to intersect on the summit, support by four thin wall cylindrical respectively, cylinder is connected with adjacent architectural, both kept horizontal stable, can be used for building again and evacuate, post links to each other with seamed edge intersection point position water plane frame work, and top is empty, the interim covering of advertisement cloth (or film) is adopted in the bottom, draws a picture on it as Fuji, Potala Palace etc.; Or make vertical bar shaped, cause pyramidal step effect (being designed to adjustable angle).

All there is each building of height building (establishing three seam segmentation construction at length direction) on east, south, three limits, west.Wherein between the East and West direction building (two places), the accurate swimming pool of bidding (north adds diving pool), basketball court are provided with interim grandstand, are exactly arena, a kind of square; When being used as indoor regulation game, the member substitution closedtop limit of available active.The center, place is the sports ground with three layers of grandstand.The north is the Olympics memorial museum, is the torch platform on it, at the top metope towards sports ground large-screen is installed.

With 2～5 meters high circumference enclosure walls whole zone is surrounded, effect is the ticket checking and the stable stream of people.Central motion field and two little sports grounds are not arranged to use simultaneously, can evacuate buffer area each other like this when the state of emergency temporarily.The circle enclosure wall outside is used for planting greening for four jiaos, and as parking lot and bus stop.

The belt river except beautify the environment, carry out contest waterborne and the effect of playing, also can play water for fire in the city, absorb or reduce effects such as seismic energy.

Building thought: at first in keep with the sportsmanship of the swifter, higher, stronger.It is not only on the arena, also is in the training at ordinary times, and the purpose in motion city will live exactly, learns, trained, competing combines, and the overall development of related industries such as drive scientific research, tourism, advertisement, Sports Goods Production and broker's service.

Though the soil scale in city and citation form have similar here to capital, the monastery in ancient times, but agent object and content thereof from urban service, huge transformation has but all taken place, by the past be noble, religion and war service, be converted to live and produce, in commercial, the development physical culture.

In addition, at architectural culture inwardly, embody historical building (as pyramid, Great Wall), local folk custom (Kakkas and their Earthen Building) and national culture (classical Chinese garden), man-made tourist site organic combinations such as (citys with hills and waters); The development degree of modern society's civilization and the achievement of modern technologies (as constructional materials, building thought, construction method) have been showed; The new approaches that also indicating urban construction in the future, theme city a---new life's comprehensive industry.

The building gimmick: the wall body of city wall is got the thought of Kakkas and their Earthen Building, is used for functions such as inhabitation, and its outside utilization cushion space structure is copied the moulding of massif, and is equipped with greening; The top and the Cheng Ding of city wall copy Great Wall, and make roof annular sightseeing passage, and the triumphal arch is all made at the place at inside and outside eight city gates, the gate tower that Men Shangjian is big, and the vertical lift of each segmentation " city wall " goes out roof and builds little gate tower.

The city function location: sports buildings normally takes up an area of greatly, invests greatly, utilization rate is low.Adopt the pyramidal moulding of destructing, and utilization cushion space constructing technology, make sports buildings and residential building obtain effective the combination, thereby can carry out project operation according to the market economy rule.Reduced to opening the cost that the Olympic Games drop on the one hand; Reduced on the other hand to building the necessary investment in cities and towns, comprehensive benefit is got a promotion.

Even after athletic meeting, can set up physical culture research and training, sporting equipment research and trial-production, shopping centre in the racing area; Set up movement disorders treatment and rehabilitation in the motion village; Set up physical culture investment and manager in the reporter district; Article two, interior city wall is management and commercial affairs; Carry out tourism and view and emulate at " city wall ", or the like, produced many occupations and job thus, be enough to support the necessary economical operation structure in cities and towns.

In a word, more than as if everything go farly with the technology of the present invention mutually, but be formed under the inspiration of present technique thought really, particularly in back two embodiments, also can adopt the individual construction form in " ChuangYe Building " and " professional building ".We can say, cities and towns should have continuable building structure, to satisfy different building function requirements, has the feasible program under the market economy simultaneously, and the national economic strength that relies on necessity, thereby macroeconomic is operated on the higher level level, and can obtain the economic benefit of high efficiency, high repayment.All these are from adding a bit " cushion space structure " conduct " sliding agent ".

Simultaneously, also be understood that, cities and towns existence be prestige at all.Do not had sincerity, popularity will be lost to the greatest extent.Therefore must set up effective management system, constantly attract outstandingly, remove harm overall interests, remove crudely and store essence, make cities and towns be in positive state all the time.This only depends on laws and regulations is not enough, and the agreement of certain legality also will be arranged.For example, the right of disposal of building agreement, the behavior that a certain family in the building is hired out, sold, lends, transfers the possession of, inherits; The proprietary agreement of building, the public owonership and the right of private ownership, outdoor position (exterior wall) use the agreement with maintenance; The agreement of public awareness, the sanitation and hygiene of common part, safe handling and indoor use are not disturbed the agreement of periphery; The intangible asset power agreement of building, agreements such as credit, guarantee, mortgage; Other is different from others' identification power in addition, admits power, personal information privacy's power for what the building won honour for, and the credit evaluation of individual in building or the like arranged.Violate common agreement, then advise it to withdraw from, bulletin is publicly exposed, and present technique is used in restriction.There is not the machine of " sliding agent " will soon subscription rate.

More than three schemes may there is no special feature, but the implication that unmatchful other schemes of determining are gossiped.The application method and the utilization scope of present technique of having we can say these three scheme basic explanations also is the extension of content of the present invention.Intermediate building method particularly makes building can adapt to the needs of different purposes, comprise short-term with long-term.

The present technique system also can apply in the transformation to old city except being used for new and old building, theme cities and towns.This shows that the cushion space tectonic system all is that target, the direction with urbanology matches on thought theory, on the method and technology.The cushion space tectonic system provides effective method and means for people are familiar with cities and towns, management cities and towns and transform cities and towns.The what is more important present technique has been opened up the field of more wide expansion for the building and the development in city with utilization.Also can use present technique (at this moment sunlight has been not principal element) as the space ship of the mankind in universe, the rock-steady structure of an integral body, but the inner space of disposable adopt the cushion space protection and keep the inner space to be fit to the human lives; This airship is combined by many little investors, and whole airship makes the mankind go to open up the frontier, universe with the form of society just as same microassociation; Can build the marine man-made island that floats on earth; Also have the aerial world or the like under water that reaches, the cushion space building method is adopted in the place that every ordinary person can not survive separately, forms the space of a big suitable people living, and this space has constituted a mankind's microassociation, goes down thereby be able to long term survival.Comparatively speaking, claim of the present invention only is a sub-fraction wherein.

Cushion space tectonic system and method are that mainly big building and architectural complex use, and cushion space need take comparatively fixing space usually, builds the little ratio that takies of then meaning with regard to greatly.Existing technology or be large space can separate flexibly, but the miscellaneous function completeness is relatively poor; Also have more its plane form of building not can change again; The acts and efforts for expediency of architectural development initial stage are more in addition, and the variation of various ideas is exceedingly fast.Big in this case building just can competitive advantage, people just naturally trend adopt independently Minor Construction, rely on network to connect the world.Yet in present society, individual's strength is very weak, concentrates and could produce scale effect, and the city also is that so it is the human development product.The focus of problem is how to concentrate thus, and above-mentioned content has just provided a kind of effective solution---the cushion space structure.

But be not that the cushion space structure just can solve all.People's psychology and behavioral activity always vary, and when we gather together altogether, a common target and behavioural norm just should be arranged.This just should not decide with individual's hobby, even and have the rules and regulations of collective approval also may not be effective, the most key is sincere.Sincerity is present in individual, the collective (family, enterprise, administrative department etc.), does not have sincerity, and what rules and regulations or agreement can be destroyed.Is especially in the network trading, how coming to determine the other side's sincerity, by first and second keep one's word?

Adopt the big building of cushion space structure, its internal staff is familiar with mutually, understand the other side's behavior easily, and inquired into, everybody can take unified action to the view of unanimity, can produce the effect that simply jumps that the small family becomes the rich and influential family, this is that what to lean on is approval to sincerity, and the people who stays in the independent Minor Construction can not obtain such chance.When we think to develop to some extent, should ask oneself, is this sincere thing? certainly, any thing of breaking one's promise all can't be permanent.

Cushion space is constructed just as a skim, the family that disperses is included in forms microassociation's cell together.ChuangYe Building is to fall behind or its professional ability when surpassing periphery at periphery, and the form of taking to help each other is carried out innovation and development; The occupation building is under the economically developed or equal situation of periphery, and is basic with the existence that a big product or product line are full building, and building and society are merged.Their energy is huge, then also needs corresponding supplementary measures but will bring benefits.And the theme cities and towns are to hold on to people's questions of common interest, utilize the intangible resource of information media to build the method for development fast.

All these are will be based upon on the sincere basis.Otherwise, just be about to be destroyed as the cell that is both an aging; If a poisonous cell is gone back the entail dangers to whole mankind in case diffusion is come.Set up a similar member mechanism in addition supervision and management be very necessary, it can be wrong and dangerous from in-house timely development with the eye of specialty, and corrected in time or with its publicity in the crowd.This Institutions Development self also has the new cell of ability development construction, just as cytothesis after certain scale.So future development of understanding society or understanding society is if perhaps feasible words are a major contribution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the cushion space of building is constructed, and it is combined according to the cushion space theory by building structural materials, building and ornament materials, building function material, and is the cushion space structure that is different from existing building.It is to be between interior construction spacing and the building outside and with building to be combined into whole space.Its feature comprises:

But it self has structure and function of use; At least have physical environment in buffering and the conditioning chamber, provide self function of use optimum organization, a kind of among the technology platform three of decorative appearance is provided; Have in the size moulding, on the space combining, on the function of use, on exterior decoration and the art, with interior space combination on, and in the combination of these factors, be different from existing cushion space form.

2. construct a kind of building method that adopts buffering space unit according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.Its feature: for it by up and down two can enter the unit structure that the space of use is formed for the people; Daylighting chamber or semi-enclosed daylighting platform that a sealing of outwards not choosing is arranged.

3. construct the method that a kind of architectural appearance is art up according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.The art up concrete grammar of this architectural appearance is, set up the platform that to use for reference other art as art such as sculpture, drawing, calligraphy, gardening, gardens, it is characterized by: it is to take to be attached to external wall or employing to leave the framework of external wall and carry out creation of art, and perhaps the part with ornament, the art work is fixed on architectural method of carrying out creation of art.

4. construct a kind of cushion space that is used to take refuge according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.It is on the basis that makes full use of the major structure of construction performance; further reinforce and be configured to have anti-high temperature, Smoke prevention, gas roof, prevent that violence and military force from attacking; and have the functional space of storage valuables concurrently, this space can fire, earthquake or when violence and military force attack the safety of protection life and property.This Waiting space should be furnished with the existence requirement, as food (food and water), medicine, chemical defence articles for use, calling for help equipment (buzzer, sound amplifier), escape articles for use (rope, ladder), and allowed by law self-protection arms etc.It is characterized by: reinforcing bar of adopt encrypting or steel plate increase by six structural strengths and the hardness of Waiting space body; The metope of Waiting space open interior must be no less than two (as reaching and outdoor relevant wall with indoor relevant wall); Each metope has a hole that has safety door that can supply the people to enter at least; The metope of each perforate has an intransitable hole of people at least in addition.

5. construct the method that a kind of interior space is separated according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.It is the architecture indoor space that links to each other with the cushion space structure, adopts floor movable up and down with all or part of method in two spaces up and down that is separated in this space.It is characterized by: the overall height of this interior space layer is greater than 3.5 meters; Little spatial altitude after the movable floor change is not less than 1.4 meters.

6. construct a kind of method of settling conditioner according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.Segment space in its cushion space is used to install a kind of device of conditioning chamber inner air and outer air, but the dust in its filtered air, oil smoke and toxic gas; Multi-point sensing and sequencing control, utilization natural ventilation or force ventilated method make the good environment of indoor maintenance; Being characterized as of this device: have dedusting module, gas defence module, electromechanical module and control module; These modules can independently be loaded and unloaded maintenance, have distant control function.

7. construct according to the cushion space of right 1 described building, a kind of real estate project development approach (intermediate item method) that adopts the cushion space structure to build the house, its construction program are to propose to build wish by medium and small investor and user to mutual fund or mutual fund itself; Build the building that adopts the cushion space structure by the application of real estate enterprise; On-site administrative department proposes controlling parameter by construction project; Making the building structure scheme that is fit to adopt cushion space to construct by designing unit is also implemented; At last, carry out the separation and the finishing of building interior according to clear and definite investor and user's needs with making overall plans.It is characterized by: the part of not implementing the user is only finished building structure; The function of use of implementing the User Part building is unaffected.

8. according to the cushion space structure of right 1 described building, a kind of cushion space that adopts is constructed the method for building professional building.Employing standard light industry mill construction has the building building of producing with the inhabitation function.It is characterized by: employing can be separated the frame construction of inner space flexibly; Adopt center-aisle that one family is divided into production area and life Office Area.

9. according to the cushion space structure of right 1 described building, a kind of cushion space that adopts is constructed the method for building the theme cities and towns.When needing for a certain specific theme to build heavy construction, this heavy construction is designed to be combines by some relatively littler buildings, and each is built by forming at some little families, and the cushion space constructing technology has been adopted at some families in these buildings.Heavy construction is broken down into the architectural complex of being made up of many small families like this, and these buildings of being made up of the small family have various functions of use such as production, office, inhabitation, service, management, have possessed the characteristics in cities and towns thus.It is characterized by: have clear and definite theme characteristic; Heavy construction is separated into and can uses for many small families family.

10. construct a kind of network management that adopts the building blockization of cushion space constructing technology according to the cushion space of right 1 described building.The resource management module that possesses skills, network credit management module, building management module, and the organization and administration module of similar building.It is characterized by: keep necessary distance between the building that various employing cushion spaces are constructed, can be supplied to live, but phase internet and communication realize omnibearing economy, information and the interflow of commodities; Carrying out unified codes and standards between building, be regardless of geographic climate, be regardless of the nationality cultural difference, is that tie is carried out the equality transaction with market; Between a plurality of buildings, form the network that traffic (road, railway, water transport, Aeronautics and Astronautics), pipeline (water, electricity, gas, material etc.) interweave; Set up construction scope standard and credit level standard; Carry out member system, setting up with the quality certification system is the mechanism for mutual assistance of standard.

Images