CN1404429A

CN1404429A - Friction joining method and friction joined body

Info

Publication number: CN1404429A
Application number: CN01805406A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 三柳直毅; 高野悠敬; 山本光; 高谷透; 平川学; 篠田刚
Original assignee: Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-01-23
Filing date: 2001-12-14
Publication date: 2003-03-19
Also published as: JPWO2002058880A1; KR20020084224A; WO2002058880A1; EP1354660A1

Abstract

Plate parts (1, 2) to be joined are formed with flat meeting surfaces (1A, 2A) and beveled surfaces (1B, 2B) at the respective joining ends, and fixed in a welding position with the flat meeting surfaces (1A, 2A) in abutting engagement with each other. In this state, a cladding material (4) is pressed against a groove (3) between the two plate parts (1, 2) and at the same time put in high speed rotation. Heat of high temperature is generated by friction between contacting surfaces of the plate parts (1, 2) and the cladding material (4). As the cladding material (4) is moved along the meeting surfaces (1A, 2A), part of plasticized cladding material at the lower end of the cladding material (4) is left and deposited on the front side of the groove (3), contributing to increase the cladding volume of a weld portion (5) on the front side of the groove (3) and to enhance the strength of bondage between the two plate parts (1, 2).

Description

Friction joining method and friction joined body

Technical field

The present invention relates to will be articulate by frictional heat such as two members of plate material etc., friction joining method and friction joined body.

Background technology

Generally, under the situation that engages two hardwares, extensively adopted thermals source such as making electricity consumption orphan, laser, electron beam to engaging member heating, the fusing of object, the method that engages by solidifying again of deposite metal.

But, in such joint method that utilizes metal molten, solidifies again, need drop into lot of energy for hardware being heated to fusion temperature, also make equipment enlarging unavoidably.In addition, in heating, deposite metal element stages, the part of member will be evaporated towards periphery and be dispersed, and under the influence of such evaporated metal, operating environment worsens, and human body is caused harmful effect.

On the other hand, as not making aforesaid hardware fusing, utilizing frictional heat with the articulate friction joining method of two members (sheet material), the content of being recorded and narrated in No. 572789 specification of English patent is for known.

The friction joining method of the prior art of being recorded and narrated in this English patent specification is described with reference to Figure 16～Figure 18 here.

Among the figure, the 101, the 102nd, become the sheet material of the member that engages object, these sheet materials 101,102 are the tabular of T such as the thickness of slab that is formed by metallic plates such as steel plates, and are distolateral in its subtend, are provided with expansion and are split into the roughly groove part 103 of V font.

In this case, groove part 103 is by cutting off the inclined plane 101A, the 102A that form sideling with certain angle and formed the subtend of sheet material 101,102 being distolateral.Thereby the front end of inclined plane 101A, 102A has formed acute angle-shaped marginal end 101B, the 102B that are in the line contact.Then, sheet material 101,102 is frictionally engaged by resurfacing welding material 104 described later making marginal end 101B, 102B line contact mutual mated condition.

The 104th, be used at 101,102 resurfacing welding materials that are frictionally engaged of sheet material, this resurfacing welding material 104 is formed by cylindric metal bar etc., and its lower end side end face press the directions of arrow A among Figure 16 in tabular 101,102 groove part 103 and is pressurizeed.Then, resurfacing welding material 104 is pushed at its lower end side end face under the state of inclined plane 101A, 102A of sheet material 101,102, by the direction high speed rotating of pressing arrow B among Figure 16, produces frictional heat at itself and 101,102 of sheet materials.

Thus, resurfacing welding material 104 lower end side, because of the liquidation of frictional heat plasticity, at this moment, in inclined plane 101A, 102A side and the also plasticity liquidation of resurfacing welding material 104 contact frictions part of sheet material 101,102.Then.This state make resurfacing welding material 104 by Figure 16 in arrow c direction move.Its result, the lower end side of the resurfacing welding material 104 of plasticity liquidation, the residual face side that is attached to the groove part 103 (inclined plane 101A, 102A) of sheet material 101,102 of its part.

In the plasticity liquidation that face side the produced part of groove part 103 and the part of attached to it resurfacing welding material 104, along with as the resurfacing welding material 104 of heating source away from, form built-up welding shape junction surface shown in Figure 17 105 and curing, make 101,102 of sheet materials be combined by one by this junction surface 105.

But in above-mentioned prior art, as shown in figure 16, because the degree of depth of groove part 103 equals the thickness of slab T of sheet material 101,102, the leading section of inclined plane 101A, 102A acutangulates marginal end 101B, the 102B of shape, therefore, often produces following problem.

Promptly, when resurfacing welding material 104 is pushed on inclined plane 101A, the 102A high speed rotating of sheet material 101,102, by the thermogenetic plasticity liquidation of both frictions part, often be pushed out into the rear side of sheet material 101,102 in marginal end 101B, the 102B side of sheet material 101,102.Therefore, in the prior art, there is the face side of pair groove part 103 to be difficult to built-up welding and goes out big junction surface 105, the problem that its bond strength reduces easily.

Particularly, acutangulate marginal end 101B, the 102B side of the sheet material 101,102 of shape, owing to only be the line contact mutually, aforementioned frictional heat is stranded in marginal end 101B, 102B, and this marginal end 101B, 102B nearby often want excessive plasticity liquidation (softening).Therefore, the marginal end 101B that overbates, 102B side, because the pushing force (arrow A direction among Figure 16) of resurfacing welding material 104, and overflow distortion to the rear side of sheet material 101,102, and probably to look like as shown in Figure 18, the shape at junction surface 105 worsens.

In addition, as shown in figure 18, problem is junction surface 105 when abnormal deformations take place, and 101,102 of sheet materials will produce distortion etc., and not only both bond strengths reduce, and 101,102 residual tilt of sheet material, reduction commodity value, and the yield rate of goods also can reduce.

Summary of the invention

The present invention promptly proposes in view of above-mentioned prior art problems, its purpose is, the junction surface that is provided at the groove part face side can make big built-up welding, can improve and engage intensity between member, and can improve the friction joining method and the friction joined body of goods yield rate.

For solving above-mentioned problem, friction joining method of the present invention is characterized in that, this method is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

Wherein fixedly operation is the composition surface and two members that form the inclined plane of groove part that will have be positioned at subtend face side, is fixed up under the state that aforementioned composition surface is docked mutually;

The frictional heat operation is under the state that aforementioned two members are fixed up the ends urged of expendable resurfacing welding material to be relatively moved to the inclined plane of aforementioned groove part, thereby produces frictional heat;

Engaging operation is the groove part that the aforementioned resurfacing welding material because of the liquidation of aforementioned frictional heat plasticity is fed to two members, and moves resurfacing welding material along aforementioned composition surface, thus, aforementioned two members is bonded with each other.

As according to friction joining method of the present invention, on as two members that engage object, be pre-formed the composition surface in its subtend face side, make the mutual mated condition in this composition surface engage operation.Its result between two members, can not form the such acutangulate marginal end of prior art again, can suppress to push resurfacing welding material and the frictional heat that produces when relatively moving in the delay on composition surface, can prevent that the composition surface side from producing excessive plasticity liquidation (softening).

In addition, because the resurfacing welding material CONTACT WITH FRICTION is in the midfield on the inclined plane of groove part, the contact surface side of this resurfacing welding material is urged the bottom side that enters groove part along with the plasticity liquidation gradually, and the limit relatively moves continuously, move on the composition surface, edge.Thus, also produce the plasticity liquidation in the inclined plane of two members side and resurfacing welding material CONTACT WITH FRICTION portion, this plasticity liquidation part and resurfacing welding material part attached to it, along with as the resurfacing welding material of heating source away from, become built-up welding shape junction surface and solidify, can make between two members by this junction surface to be combined as a whole.

The interface of two members can prevent to flow to the rear side of member because of the plasticity softening material that flows.And the interface of two members can be guaranteed the rigidity of two members to the next pushing force of resurfacing welding material, so but the shape of stable engagement part.

On the other hand, another friction joining method of the present invention is characterized in that, it is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

Wherein, fixedly operation be with have the composition surface that is positioned at subtend face side and form the inclined plane of groove part two members, under the state that accompanies the gap between aforementioned composition surface, be fixed up;

The frictional heat operation is at the state of fixing aforementioned two members, and expendable resurfacing welding material ends urged is relatively moved to the inclined-plane of aforementioned groove part, produces frictional heat thus;

Engaging operation is the groove part side that the aforementioned resurfacing welding material because of the liquidation of above-mentioned frictional heat plasticity is fed to two members, and moves resurfacing welding material along aforementioned composition surface, thus the aforementioned gap of aforementioned two members is filled up and is bonded with each other.

As according to friction joining method of the present invention, can be frictionally engaged between with two members under the state that accompany the gap between the composition surface of two members.And, in this case, between two members owing to do not form acute angle-shaped marginal end can be in prior art yet, so can suppress to push resurfacing welding material and the frictional heat when making it to relatively move in the delay on composition surface, and can prevent the excessive plasticity liquidation in composition surface (softening).

In addition, friction joined body of the present invention, it is characterized in that, it is to constitute as follows: for having composition surface that is positioned at subtend face side and two members that form the inclined plane of groove part, under the state that aforementioned composition surface is docked mutually, the ends urged that makes the expendable resurfacing welding material is to the inclined plane of aforementioned groove part and relatively move, produce frictional heat thus, to feed to the groove part of two members because of the aforementioned resurfacing welding material of described frictional heat plasticity liquidation, and move resurfacing welding material along aforementioned composition surface, aforementioned two members are bonded with each other.

On the other hand, friction joined body of the present invention constitutes, and two members are engaged by resurfacing welding material under the state that its composition surface is docked mutually.

And then friction joined body of the present invention constitutes, and two members are engaged by resurfacing welding material making under the state that accompanies the gap between its composition surface.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that expression is used for two sheet material that is frictionally engaged of the first embodiment of the present invention and the stereogram of resurfacing welding material.

Fig. 2 is the overall diagram that expression is used for the friction engagement device of first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the profile of fixedly operation of the sheet material of expression first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is the profile of state that expression is pushed on resurfacing welding material the groove part of sheet material shown in Figure 3.

Fig. 5 be expression first embodiment the frictional heat operation with the profile of Fig. 4 same position.

Fig. 6 is the profile of the joint operation of expression first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is the be frictionally engaged stereogram of sheet material state shown in Figure 1 of expression.

Fig. 8 is the profile of expression when making the angular aperture of groove part too small, comparative example.

Fig. 9 is the profile of expression when making the groove part angular aperture excessive, another comparative example.

Figure 10 is the profile of frictional engagement of the sheet material of expression second embodiment.

Figure 11 is the profile of frictional engagement of the sheet material of expression the 3rd embodiment.

Figure 12 is the profile of frictional engagement of the sheet material of expression the 4th embodiment.

Figure 13 is the profile of the frictional heat operation of expression the 4th embodiment.

Figure 14 is the profile that expression the 4th embodiment engages operation.

Figure 15 is the profile of expression with the sheet material frictional engagement of the 4th embodiment.

Figure 16 is the stereogram of used in expression being frictionally engaged of prior art 2 blocks of sheet materials and resurfacing welding material.

Figure 17 is the profile of frictional engagement of the sheet material of expression prior art.

Figure 18 is the profile of the junction surface abnormal deformation state that formed by being frictionally engaged of prior art of expression.

The specific embodiment

Following friction joining method and the friction joined body that describes the embodiment of the invention with reference to Fig. 1～Figure 15 in detail.At first, in Fig. 1～Fig. 7, represented the first embodiment of the present invention.

Among the figure, the 1, the 2nd, the conduct adopted in the present embodiment engages the sheet material of the member of object, and these

sheet materials

1,2 such as being the tabular that metal plate shape such as steel plate becomes thickness of slab Ta, are extended to the groove part 3 that is roughly V-shape their distolateral relatively being provided with.

Then, in the subtend face side of

sheet material

1,2, forming height dimension is faying face 1A, the 2A of Ta1 and groove face 1B, the 2B on the inclined plane that conduct is tilted at a certain angle.Between this groove face 1B, 2B, the formation depth dimensions is the groove part 3 of Ta2 (Ta2=Ta-Ta1).In addition, about the width dimensions W of groove part 3, as shown in Figure 4, be set to the size also bigger (W＞A) than the outer diameter D of resurfacing welding material 4 described later

Here, groove part 3 is formed with the angular aperture θ such as 60 °～150 ° as shown in Figure 3.In addition, the height dimension Ta1 of aforementioned faying face 1A, 2A, such as the size that has about 1/10～1/2, that is, Ta1 is set at Ta/10≤Ta1≤Ta/2 with this height dimension with respect to the thickness of slab Ta1 of sheet material 1,2.

Sheet material

1,2 is frictionally engaged by resurfacing welding material 4 described later in the mutual mated condition of faying face 1A, 2A.

The 4th, the resurfacing welding material of 1,2 of the sheet materials of being used to be frictionally engaged, resurfacing welding material 4 uses with

sheet material

1,2 identical materials and forms the clava that is elongated cylindrical.And, resurfacing welding material 4, as shown in Figure 4, its outer diameter D is littler than the width dimensions W of groove part 3, becomes the relation of D＜W.Resurfacing welding material 4 uses friction welding apparatuses 11 described later, and its lower end side end face pressurizes towards groove part 3 directions interior, that pressed arrow A among Fig. 1 of 1,2 of sheet materials, will relatively move at this state, rotates at a high speed by the direction of arrow B among Fig. 1.

Thus, resurfacing welding material 4, and the groove part 3 of

sheet material

1,2 between produce frictional heat, produce plasticity by this frictional heat in both CONTACT WITH FRICTION portions and flow, then slowly solidify by this plasticity liquidation part, form weldering shape junction surface 5 as shown in Figure 7.

In this case, the lower end side part of the plasticity liquidation of resurfacing welding material 4, the junction surface 5 of its a part of weldering shape in heaps is attached to the face side of groove part 3.And its remaining plasticity liquidation part as shown in Figure 6, becomes the lower end side that part 6 residues in resurfacing welding material 4 of solidifying of wedge shape.

Below, the friction welding apparatuses 11 that illustrates in the present embodiment to be adopted with reference to Fig. 2, but this friction welding apparatuses 11 is by the shank 12 of downside, constitute the lifting platform 13 of these shank 12 oscilaltion settings, electro-motor described later 19 and chuck 20 etc.

The 14th, be located at the supporting station on the lifting platform 13, the 15, the 15th, pressurized cylinder.Here, each pressurized cylinder 15 is disposed between the shank 12 and lifting platform 13 of friction welding apparatuses 11, promotes lifting platform 13 as 1 direction of arrow A in Fig. 2, and resurfacing welding material 4 is pressurizeed by the arrow A direction relatively towards

sheet material

1,2.

The 16th, be located at the sliding stand on the supporting station 14 slidably, the direction that this sliding stand 16 is pressed arrow C among Fig. 2 by carriage 17 drives.On sliding stand 16,

sheet material

1,2 makes faying face 1A, the 2A state that connects be fixedly secured by bolt (not shown) etc. as shown in Figure 1.

The 18th, be positioned at supporting station 14 rear sides and be located at motor bracket on the shank 12, the 19th, be located at the electro-motor as ROTATING SOURCE of motor bracket 18 upper side, this electro-motor 19 drives clamping by the direction of arrow B and the chuck 20 of resurfacing welding material 4 and rotate.Thus, resurfacing welding material 4 is such as the rotational speed with about 1600～3000 rev/mins.

In addition, resurfacing welding material 4 is pressed the plus-pressure of the direction pushing of arrow A facing to

sheet material

1,2, such as being set at about 5～90MPa, the feed speed that

sheet material

1,2 is moved by the arrow C direction to resurfacing welding material 4 by sliding stand 16 is such as being set at 0.1～6.0mm/ about second.

The friction welding apparatuses 11 of present embodiment has formation as mentioned above, and is following to the joint method by 1,2 of 11 pairs of sheet materials of friction welding apparatuses, is illustrated with reference to Fig. 2～Fig. 6.

At first, as shown in Figure 3, on welding

object sheet material

1,2, be pre-formed the groove face 1B, the 2B that engage face 1A, 2A and tilt at a certain angle in its subtend face side.

Then,

sheet material

1,2 mountings on sliding stand shown in Figure 2 16, are made two composition surface 1A, the mutual mated condition of 2A, this

sheet material

1,2 is fixedly linked on the sliding stand 16, makes it motionless (fixedly operation) with bolt etc.

Then, under the state that

sheet material

1,2 is fixed on the sliding stand 16, as shown in Figure 4, resurfacing welding material 4 is inserted in the groove parts 3, make the lower surface of resurfacing welding material 4 overlay position, midfield in groove face 1B, 2B.

That is, drive friction welding apparatuses 11 shown in Fig. 2 pressurized cylinder 15, make supporting station 14 with lifting platform 13 together by the pushing of direction shown in the arrow A 1, resurfacing welding material 4 is pressurizeed by direction shown in the arrow A relatively towards sheet material 1,2.Then, at this state-driven electro-motor 19, make resurfacing welding material 4 high speed rotating such as rotating speed with about 1600～3000 rev/mins.

Its result, the lower end side of resurfacing welding material 4, as shown in Figure 4, for groove face 1B, the 2B of the groove part 3 continuous CONTACT WITH FRICTION in belly position therein, the frictional heat (frictional heat operation) about both contact surface side produce such as 800～1200 ℃.And, at this moment, be set at lower than the fusing point (such as about 1500 ℃) of

sheet material

1,2 by the thermogenetic temperature of friction.

Then, because this frictional heat, shown in Fig. 5,6, groove face 1B, the 2B of

sheet material

1,2 and the contact surface side of resurfacing welding material 4 plasticity gradually flow, soften.In addition, resurfacing welding material 4, by the plus-pressure of aforementioned arrows A direction, the plasticity that is accompanied by contact surface side flows and is being urged to the bottom side of groove part 3 deeply.

Here, by the heating ENERGY E n that CONTACT WITH FRICTION produced, can obtain with the product of displacement L under the plus-pressure of arrow A direction by coefficientoffriction, constant K, resurfacing welding material 4 by following (1) formula.

En＝μ·K·F·L (1)

When resurfacing welding material 4 rotational motions, the displacement L of resurfacing welding material 4 each several parts is bigger than circumferential portion in it at its outer peripheral portion.

Its result, the outer circumferential side of resurfacing welding material 4 has become the midriff of groove face 1B, the 2B of CONTACT WITH FRICTION to divide the starting point of heating, and frictional heat reaches the whole face side of groove part 3, and this midriff has been divided into the center that is caused heating by contact friction.

In addition, resurfacing welding material 4, the caloric value of its periphery side is big, and the volume of plasticity liquidation is also big.Therefore, the plasticity liquidation part that is produced between the midfield part of the outer circumferential side of resurfacing welding material 4 and groove face 1B, 2B, from the midfield of groove face 1B, 2B downwards or the top expansion, this plasticity liquidation partly is supplied to the bottom side of groove part 3 deeply.

Secondly, at this state, as by carriage 17 sliding stand 16 being begun to drive by arrow C direction among Fig. 2, resurfacing welding material 4 promptly relatively moves by the direction of arrow C among Fig. 1 along faying face 1A, the 2A of sheet material 1,2.Then, the lower end side of the resurfacing welding material 4 of plasticity liquidation, the residual face side that is attached to the groove part 3 (groove face 1B, 2B) of

sheet material

1,2 of its part.

Then, the plasticity that produces in the face side of groove part 3 flow a part and a part attached to the resurfacing welding material above it 1, along with the resurfacing welding material 4 that becomes heating source away from, as Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, become the junction surface and the curing of built-up welding shape,

sheet material

1,2 one can be combined (joint operation) by this junction surface 5.

In this case, the plasticity liquidation of resurfacing welding material 4 the lower end side part, the junction surface 5 of its a part of weldering shape in heaps is attached to the face side of groove part 3, residual plasticity liquidation part, as shown in Figure 6, become the lower end side that part 6 residues in resurfacing welding material 4 of solidifying of wedge shape.

When carrying out next friction welding operation, resurfacing welding material 4 aforementionedly solidifies the plasticity liquidation gradually once more of part 6 one sides from it, and thus, the groove part side that engages object at the next one forms the junction surface of having used resurfacing welding material 4.

Like this, as according to present embodiment,, be pre-formed groove face 1B, the 2B of composition surface 1A, 2A and inclination at a certain angle in its opposite face side for the

sheet material

1,2 that engages object.Then, composition surface 1A, the 2A of

sheet material

1,2 are docked mutually.At this state, resurfacing welding material 4 is pressed to the groove part 3 and the high speed rotating (relatively moving) of

sheet material

1,2, because like this, produce high temperature friction heat in both frictional contact surface side.

Rotate owing to one side makes resurfacing welding material 4 at this state, resurfacing welding material 4 is moved on one side along composition surface 1A, the 2A of

sheet material

1,2, the lower end side of the resurfacing welding material 4 of plasticity liquidation, its part become junction surface 5 residual groove part 3 face side that are attached to sheet material 1,2.In addition, in groove face 1B, the 2B side of groove part 3, also can make plasticity liquidation with resurfacing welding material 4 contact friction portions.

Its result is along with solidifying away from, the plasticity liquidation part of groove part 3 sides and a part that is attached to the resurfacing welding material 4 above it, the junction surface 5 that can be used as the built-up welding shape as the resurfacing welding material 4 of heating source; Can 1,2 one of sheet material be combined in the position of groove part 3 by this junction surface 5.

In addition, as the

sheet material

1,2 that engages object, owing to make the mutual mated condition of composition surface 1A, 2A engage operation, 1,2 of sheet materials and unlike prior art, form the marginal end that is acute angle-shaped.Thereby, while the frictional heat when pushing resurfacing welding material 4 and rotating is not stranded in both composition surface 1A, 2A side, can increase the thermal capacity of composition surface 1A, 2A side, can also prevent that the excessive plasticity of this composition surface 1A, 2A side from flowing softening simultaneously.

In addition, interface 1A, 2A that sheet material is 1,2 can prevent the rear side by the softening material

outflow sheet material

1,2 of plastic flow.And this interface 1A, 1B can guarantee 1,2 pairs of rigidity from the pushing force of resurfacing welding material 4 of sheet material, the shape at junction surface 5 can be made stable joint shape shown in Figure 7 simultaneously.

Thereby, as according to present embodiment, can the built-up welding at junction surface 5 be done greatly in the face side of the groove part 3 of being located at 1,2 of sheet materials, can improve the bond strength of 1,2 of sheet materials really.In addition,, the commodity value of implementing the

sheet material

1,2 be frictionally engaged etc. can be improved, the yield rate of goods can be improved by making junction surface 5 dimensionally stables.

In addition, the groove part 3 that sheet material is 1,2, as shown in Figure 3, because the opening angle θ between groove face 1B, 2B is set in such as in 60～150 ° of scopes, but the shape of stable engagement portion 5, and can improve the bond strength of 1,2 of sheet materials through experimental verification.

Promptly, comparative example is such as shown in Figure 8, be set at such as than 60 ° of also little angles as opening angle θ ' the groove part 3 ' between sheet material 1 ', 2 ', even the lower end side at resurfacing welding material 4 ' produces the plasticity liquidation, this plasticity liquidation part can not reach the bottom side of groove part 3 ' deeply, produces the non-bonding part at junction surface 5 ' at groove part 3 ' bottom side.

By inference, its reason is, does for a short time as the angular aperture θ ' with groove part 3 ', and thus, from becoming big as the midfield of the groove part 3 ' at heating center to the distance of the bottom of groove part 3 ', because like this, the bottom of groove part 3 ' keeps lower temperature.Therefore infer,, produced the non-bonding part at junction surface 5 ' at the bottom side of groove part 3 '.

In addition, another comparative example is such as shown in Figure 9, with the opening angle θ ' of the groove part 3 ' between sheet material 1 ', 2 ' such as setting than under the situation of 150 ° of also big angles, also produce the non-bonding part at junction surface 5 ' at groove part 3 ' bottom side.

Even, as doing the outside dimension of resurfacing welding material 4 enough littler,, can not produce the non-bonding part at the bottom side of groove part 3 ' even be the angular aperture θ ' of groove part than 150 ° also big than the width dimensions of groove part 3 ' yet.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, as the outer diameter D of resurfacing welding material 4 is done than the groove width W of groove part 3 also little (D＜W) make the lower surface of resurfacing welding material 4 be pressed to groove face 1B, 2B the position, midfield, engage the friction operation.Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 3, the opening angle θ of groove part 3 is set in 60 °～150 ° the scope.Thus, the dimensionally stable at aforementioned junction surface 5 can be made, and the bond strength of 1,2 of sheet materials can be improved really.

Bottom, Figure 10 shows second embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, give same-sign to the inscape identical, and omit its explanation with aforementioned first embodiment.Present embodiment is characterised in that for the

sheet material

31,32 that engages object, constitutes: form

composition surface

31A, 32A, the first groove face 31B, 32B and the

second groove face

31C, 32C in its subtend face side.

Here, as the

sheet material

31,32 that engages object, roughly constitute equally with the described

sheet material

1,2 of first embodiment.31,32 of sheet materials, slightly groove part 33 is in echelon formed by groove face 31B, 32B and groove face 31C, 32C.

Particularly, form groove face 31B, 32B and groove face 31C, the 32C of groove part 33, tilt to constitute with different angles mutually.That is, it is bigger than the inclination angle of the groove face 31C in the outside, 32C

relative bonding face

31A, 32A to be positioned at groove face 31B, the 32B of groove face 33 inboards, such as,

relative bonding face

31A, 32A are set at about 90 ° angle.On the other hand, groove face 31C, the 32C in the outside,

relative bonding face

31A, 32A have such as about about 60 ° inclination angle.

Like this, in the present embodiment that constitutes like this, also be to make

composition surface

31A, 32A become mutual mated condition, resurfacing welding material 4 is pushed on the groove part 33 and the high speed rotating of

sheet material

31,32, contact friction face side generation plasticity at both flows, forms junction surface 34, so can obtain the roughly same action effect with aforementioned first embodiment thus.

In this case, owing to be provided with inboard groove face 31B, 32B and outside groove face 31C, 32C at groove part 33, can dwindle to the distance of the bottom of groove part 33 from the midfield of the groove face 31C, the 32C that become the heating center, simultaneously, can strengthen the thermal capacity of bottom side, its result, the temperature that can be suppressed at the bottom of groove part 33 reduces, the non-bonding part can be do not produced, stable shaped junction surface 34 can be formed at the bottom side of groove part 33.

Following again, Figure 11 shows the third embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, for giving identical symbol, omit its explanation with the identical inscape of aforementioned first embodiment.Present embodiment is characterised in that the

sheet material

41,42 for engaging object has formed

composition surface

41A, 42A in its subtend face side, with groove face 41B, the 42B on the inclined plane that becomes recessed bending to tilt.

Here,, roughly constitute equally, formed the groove part 43 that slightly becomes the U font by

groove face

41B,

42B

41,42 of sheet materials with the described

sheet material

1,2 of first embodiment as the

sheet material

41,42 that engages object.

Like this, in the present embodiment that constitutes like this, also be to make the mutual mated condition of

composition surface

41A, 42A, with groove part 43 and the high speed rotating of resurfacing welding material 4 pushings to sheet material 41,42.Thus, mobile in both contact friction face side generation plasticity, can form junction surface 44, can obtain same action effect with aforementioned first embodiment.

In this case, owing between

groove face

41B, 42B that recessed bending tilts, form groove part 43, the distance from the midfield of the groove face 41B, the 42B that become the heating center to the bottom of groove part 43 is reduced, can strengthen the thermal capacity of bottom side simultaneously.Its result, the temperature that can be suppressed at groove part 43 bottoms reduces, and can not produce not bonding part, can form stable shaped junction surface 44 at groove part 43 bottom sides.

Next, Figure 12～Figure 15 has represented fourth embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, to giving same-sign, omit its explanation with the identical inscape of aforementioned first embodiment.

Present embodiment is characterised in that, for as the

sheet material

51,52 that engages object, form composition surface 51A, 52A and as groove face 51B, the 52B on inclined plane in its subtend face side, simultaneously, under the state that clips gap S between

composition surface

51A, 52A, 51,52 of sheet materials are frictionally engaged and constitute.

Here, as the

sheet material

51,52 that engages object, groove part 53 and resurfacing welding material 54, and at the sheet material described in

first embodiment

1,2, groove part 3 roughly constitutes equally with resurfacing welding material 4.And in the present embodiment, forming between composition surface 51A, the 52A of

sheet material

51,52 on the S this point of gap shown in Figure 12, different with first embodiment.

Like this, in the present embodiment that constitutes like this, by on the groove part 53 that resurfacing welding material 54 is pressed to

sheet material

51,52 and high speed rotating, contact friction face side generation plasticity at both flows, junction surface shown in Figure 15 55 can be formed, roughly same action effect can be obtained with aforementioned first embodiment.

That is, in the present embodiment, at first in fixing operation, unlike making sheet material 51, the 52 mutual subtend states that engage object as shown in Figure 12, be fixed with bolt (not shown) etc.But in this case, accompany gap S between both composition surface 51A, 52A,,

sheet material

51,52 is fixedly linked on the sliding stand 16 shown in Figure 2, it can not be moved at this state.

Then,, shown in Figure 12,13, resurfacing welding material 54 is inserted in the groove parts 53, the lower surface of resurfacing welding material 54 is pressed to the position, midfield of groove face 51B, 52B by direction shown in the arrow A making

sheet material

51,52 state that interfixes.Then, make the direction high speed rotating of resurfacing welding material 54, in the frictional heat (frictional heat operation) of both contact surface side generations such as 800～1200 ℃ of left and right sides temperature by arrow B at this state.

Then, because this frictional heat, groove face 51B, the 52B of

sheet material

51,52 and the contact surface side of resurfacing welding material 54, as Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, plasticity flows softening gradually.In addition, resurfacing welding material 54 is by the plus-pressure of aforementioned arrows A direction, and the plasticity that is accompanied by contact surface side flows and is urged to the bottom side of groove part 53 deeply to enter.

Then, at this state, as make sliding stand 16 shown in Figure 2 begin to drive along arrow C direction among Fig. 2, resurfacing welding material 54 relatively moves along composition surface 51A, the 52A of sheet material 51,52.The lower end side of the resurfacing welding material 54 of plasticity liquidation, the residual face side that is attached to the groove part 53 (groove face 51B, 52B) of

sheet material

51,52 of its part.

Thus, produce plasticity flow a part and a part of adhering to the resurfacing welding material 54 above it in the face side of groove part 53, along with as the resurfacing welding material 54 of heating source away from, as Figure 14, shown in Figure 15, form built-up welding shape junction surface 55 and solidify.Can make

sheet material

51,52 one combine (joint operation) by this junction surface 55.

In this case, the lower end side part of the plasticity liquidation of resurfacing welding material 54, its part forms the face side that built-up welding shape junction surface 55 is attached to groove part 53; Remaining plasticity liquidation part as shown in figure 14, becomes solidifying part 56, residuing in the lower end side of resurfacing welding material 54 of wedge shape.

Thereby, in the present embodiment, also be for the

sheet material

51,52 that engages object, form composition surface 51A, 52A in its subtend face side, with the groove face 51B, the 52B that become the inclined plane.Therefore, can reduce from the midfield of the groove face 51B, the 52B that become the heating center, and can strengthen the thermal capacity of bottom side to the distance of the bottom (composition surface 51A, 52A) of groove part 53; Also can form stable shaped junction surface 55 in the face side of groove part 53.

Between composition surface 51A, 52A, clipping under the S state of gap and can be frictionally engaged 51,52 of sheet materials.Thus, be difficult to competent locating with the common welding means that engage between the object member such as thermals source such as electricity orphan, laser, also can be under the state that clips gap S firm

engagement sheet material

51,52, so can improve its versatility.

And, even in aforementioned second (the 3rd) embodiment, also can be between composition surface 31A, the 32A of sheet material 31,32 (41,42) (41A, 42A), described as aforementioned the 4th embodiment, clamp gap S, sheet material 31,32 (41,42) is frictionally engaged.

In addition, in aforementioned first embodiment,, make to produce high temperature friction heat in both contact friction face side by groove part 3 that resurfacing welding material 4 is pushed on

sheet material

1,2 and high speed rotating.But the present invention also is not limited thereto, and such as also resurfacing welding material 4 being pushed on groove part 3, producing frictional heat by the reciprocating motion of carrying out little stroke at a high speed repeatedly, that is, produces frictional heat as long as resurfacing welding material 4

relative sheet materials

1,2 are relatively moved.This point to second～the 4th embodiment too.

In addition, in aforementioned first embodiment, the situation that

flat sheet material

1,2 is frictionally engaged is illustrated for example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, as two members that engage object, such as also being used in curved surface shape sheet material, beam material or heavy-gauge sheeting etc.This point to second～the 4th embodiment too.

Also have, two members as engaging object are not limited to iron series materials such as steel plate, such as also being used for copper, aluminium or their alloy material etc.In addition, also be not limited to metal and for example also can use the plastics that produce plastic fluidity by heating.Thereby needing only two members and resurfacing welding material basically can form with same material.

Claims

(according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

1. (revise back) a kind of friction joining method is characterized in that, this method is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

Wherein, fixedly operation is the composition surface and two members that form the inclined plane of groove part that will have be positioned at subtend face side, is fixed up under the state that aforementioned composition surface is docked mutually;

The frictional heat operation is under the state that aforementioned two members are fixed up, and the lower surface of expendable resurfacing welding material is pressed on the midriff on each inclined plane of aforementioned groove part to relatively move, thereby produces frictional heat;

2. (revise back) a kind of friction joining method is characterized in that, it is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

The frictional heat operation is under the state of fixing aforementioned two members, the lower surface of expendable resurfacing welding material is pressed on the midriff on each inclined-plane of aforementioned groove part to relatively move, and produces frictional heat thus;

3. (revise afterwards) a kind of friction joined body, it is characterized in that, it is to constitute as follows: for having composition surface that is positioned at subtend face side and two members that form the inclined plane of groove part, under the state that aforementioned composition surface is docked mutually, make the lower surface of expendable resurfacing welding material be pressed on the midriff on each inclined plane of aforementioned groove part and relatively move, produce frictional heat thus; To feed to the groove part of two members because of the aforementioned resurfacing welding material of described frictional heat plasticity liquidation, and move resurfacing welding material, aforementioned two members are bonded with each other along aforementioned composition surface.

4. by the described friction joined body of claim 3, it is characterized in that it constitutes; Aforementioned two members, under the state that the composition surface is docked mutually, engage by aforementioned resurfacing welding material.

5. by the described friction joined body of claim 3, it is characterized in that it constitutes: aforementioned two members, under the state that accompanies the gap between the composition surface are engaged by aforementioned resurfacing welding material.

Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

Revised comment according to the 19th of Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)

The present invention will have the composition surface of mutual butt joint and two members on the inclined plane that forms groove part and be frictionally engaged.By to claim 1,2,3 modification makes that the formation of " end face of expendable resurfacing welding material is pressed on the midfield part on inclined plane of groove part relatively move, thereby produce frictional heat " is more cheer and bright.

Like this, the present invention can obtain following effect: the midriff that carries out the groove face of CONTACT WITH FRICTION with the end face of resurfacing welding material is divided into the starting point of heating, frictional heat is passed to the integral body of groove part, and the resurfacing welding material of plasticity liquidation stably is attached to bottom one side of groove part.

To this, the documents of quoting in the search report " Welding ﹠amp; MetalFabrication " report " Friction processes benefit from a gas shield " in the invention of record then be by using protective gas at the position that is frictionally engaged, reduce atmosphere pollution, suppress the oxidation of attachment surface.

But, in described documents, to not clearly record of the groove shape between two members, thereby can not inspire acquisition as described in the present invention, have relative faying face and form the formation on the inclined plane of groove part.

And basic in documents do not have to put down in writing, and resurfacing welding material is pressed to the formation of the midriff on the inclined plane that forms groove part.

In addition, in JP11-267857A, only put down in writing the friction joining method in the tank and in JP61-176484A, only put down in writing and used the joint method of rotation plug, so they can not inspire acquisition the present invention metallic plate.

Claims

1. a friction joining method is characterized in that, this method is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

2. a friction joining method is characterized in that, it is by fixedly operation, frictional heat operation and engage operation and constitute;

3. friction joined body, it is characterized in that, it is to constitute as follows: for having composition surface that is positioned at subtend face side and two members that form the inclined plane of groove part, under the state that aforementioned composition surface is docked mutually, the ends urged that makes the expendable resurfacing welding material is to the inclined plane of aforementioned groove part and relatively move, produce frictional heat thus, to feed to the groove part of two members because of the aforementioned resurfacing welding material of described frictional heat plasticity liquidation, and move resurfacing welding material along aforementioned composition surface, aforementioned two members are bonded with each other.

5. by the described friction joined body of claim 3, it is characterized in that it constitutes: aforementioned two members under the state that accompanies the gap between the composition surface, are engaged by aforementioned resurfacing welding material.