CN1397717A - Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling - Google Patents
Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN1397717A CN1397717A CN 02129521 CN02129521A CN1397717A CN 1397717 A CN1397717 A CN 1397717A CN 02129521 CN02129521 CN 02129521 CN 02129521 A CN02129521 A CN 02129521A CN 1397717 A CN1397717 A CN 1397717A
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Abstract
A hydraulic coal-mining technology without underground manual drilling features that at least one vertical shaft and one inclined shaft are drilled. The high-pressure water channel, compressed air channel, mining tubular column with dregs returning barrel, and the mining apparatus consisting of jet nozzle, mixing chamber and drill bit are installed in said vertical shaft. The drill rod, jet nozzle and the drill bit of jet-type mining apparatus are installed in said inclined shaft. Its advantages are underground washing of coal for high coal quality, and mining both coal and coal-seam gas for less atmosphere pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-mining method, a kind of specifically hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling.
Background technology
The present employing of China's coal-mine is manually gone into the well and is carried out the mode of tunnel exploitation, but some high gas, top board are easily collapsed or the profuse colliery of underground water body, be easy to take place gas explosion, roof fall or water leak accident, this is particularly outstanding on China's coal mining in recent years, great personnel casualty accidents often occurs.75 of the above accidents of dead 10 people took place once in national colliery altogether in 2000, wherein, state-owned emphasis colliery takes place 18, more serious in Guizhou waterside town wood coombe " 9.27 " gas explosion accident, Inner Mongol wild goose office two ore deposits " 11.25 " gas explosion accident, the village, Yongding, Datong gas explosion accident etc.Only two months 5-7 month in 2002, successively take place surplus especially big gas explosion accident, the water leak accident etc. ten, as especially big gas explosion accident in Cheng Zihe colliery, Heilungkiang " 6.20 " etc.Even in equipment and condition the state-owned emphasis colliery on certain basis is arranged all in China, present 1,000,000 tons of average mortalities are also far above 1,000,000 tons of external average mortalities.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of by face of land boring, the boring hydraulic coal-mining technology that high-pressure water jet is mined and gaslift promotes.The workman is in face of land operation, no production safety hidden danger.
The present invention seeks to realize like this: a kind of hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling: comprise vertical shaft, inclined hole, high-pressure pump, air compressor machine and pipeline; The content of this coal-mining method is:
(1) on the coal seam, bores an a bite vertical shaft and an inclined hole at least;
(2) installation comprises the mining tubular column of water under high pressure passage, compressed air channel and dreg returning barrel and comprises jet nozzle, the mining equipment of mixing chamber and drag bit in vertical shaft;
(3) comprise the drill bit of drilling rod, jet nozzle and ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus drilling tool in inclined hole, the inclined hole directional drilling is to being communicated with vertical shaft;
(4) vertical shaft expands the chamber exploitation
A. use the high-pressure water jet broken coal, under the effect with gravity of carrying of liquid stream, flow to slag suction mouth;
B. utilize upper and lower the moving of mining tubular column to reach rotation, exploitation and broken coal body on every side fully;
C. at mixing chamber, injecting compressed air, produce gaslift, water, coal fully mix through dreg returning barrel at slag suction mouth and are promoted to the face of land;
(5) inclined hole exploitation
Pitching is stopped up drill bit and is crossed aquaporin, and jet begins cutting, broken coal seam; Revolution simultaneously slowly and promote drilling tool, broken coal current carry with action of gravity under flow to the vertical shaft slag suction mouth.
Mining tubular column connects jet nozzle and lifting appliance; Mining tubular column is provided with water under high pressure passage, compressed air channel and return slag passage; The jet main burner is established in the bottom of jet coal mining lifting appliance, and drag bit is established in the lower end; The slag suction mouth place of jet coal mining lifting appliance establishes jet and pays nozzle, and the dreg returning barrel barrel on jet coal mining lifting appliance top is provided with the air mixing chamber of some apertures,
The drilling rod bottom that is arranged in inclined hole is provided with the ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus of being made up of jet nozzle, sliding sleeve, spring, ball and bit adapter, and the hole of sliding sleeve is provided with the shoulder hole that can adorn ball; The sliding sleeve outside is provided with multidiameter, is provided with spring between sliding sleeve and bit adapter.
Inclined hole is positioned at the updip direction or the approximate updip direction of inclined seam.
Mining tubular column is made up of four layers of different concentric pipe of diameter, is followed successively by one, two, three from outside to inside, four passages of four-way, and a passage is the water under high pressure passage, and this passage is connected with the jet main burner; Two passages are that this passage of water under high pressure passage is paid nozzle with jet and is connected; Connect air compressor machine on the triple channel, connect mixing chamber down; Four-way upper end is connected from device with aboveground moisture content of coal, and the lower end links to each other with slag suction mouth;
Be provided with the rib that keeps its spacing between adjacent two pipes of described four layers of concentric pipe.
The scraper of described drag bit is 2～6.
Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling has oblique two borings always at least, also composition exploitation passage can be realized.Straight hole be vertical shaft as recovery well, utilize high-pressure water jet cutting and crushing coal body after the completion, after the coal that fragmentation is got off promotes by gaslift, form the coal water hybrid chamber of a constant volume in the shaft bottom; Creep into an inclined hole at the coal seam of recovery well updip direction afterwards, inclined hole finally will be communicated with recovery well, and the coal body in the jet cutting and crushing vertical shaft, inclined hole institute control range progressively, broken coal moves to the recovery well shaft bottom under the carrying of gravity and current, and gaslift is promoted to the face of land again.
The present invention is suitable for buried depth in 1200 meters, intensity in being hard and in hard below, the inclination stratiform coal body exploitation of cementing properties difference is particularly suitable for using in the coal seam, mining area of high gas and rich groundwater.Because the workman works on the face of land, fire damp and underground water is the entail dangers to workman not, guarantees workman's life security.In addition, the mining tubular column that uses in the exploitation, jet lifting appliance and ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus all can repeatedly use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is boring coal mining schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the mining tubular column structural representation;
Fig. 3 is a jet lifting appliance schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling is divided into: individual well expands chamber mining phase in early stage and inclined hole is communicated with long apart from mining phase.
One. individual well expands chamber mining phase in early stage, referring to Fig. 1.
1. straight well is holed and completion.
Straight well is vertical shaft again, and its boring reaches following 2 meters of the base plate in the coal seam 6 of target exploitation deeply, and following mining tubular column 3 is to working seam top board 4, and the aperture seat is fixed, need not cement the well, and waits can trip out repeated use behind the interior coal mining of the two well control system scopes of finishing.
2. be lowered to mining tubular column and mining equipment.
Mining tubular column 3 is made up of four layers of pipe 10,11,12,13, and referring to Fig. 2, these four layers pipe are formed 15,16,17,18 4 autonomous channels, passage 15 and 16 injects water under high pressure respectively, passage 17 is a compressed air, and passage 18 is the return slag hole, isolates placed in the middle with rib 14 between four layers of pipe.
Mining equipment 5 is made up of four parts, as Fig. 3, form by mixing chamber 19, jet main burner 22, jet auxiliary jet group 21 and the four-way bit 23 that is loaded on tubing string bottom respectively, flow through the big discharge capacity water under high pressure of passage 15 by jet main burner 22 ejection at a high speed, the cutting and crushing coal body, the coal that fragmentation is got off liquid stream carry with action of gravity under, flow to slag suction mouth 20; The water under high pressure of passage 16 of flowing through is positioned at jet that multi-faceted small nozzle forms and is paid 21 pairs of coals of nozzle and carry out the jet cutting and crushing second time by a plurality of under slag suction mouth, and coal fully stirred, particularly when the large tracts of land avalanche appears in the coal seam, auxiliary jet can effectively avoid coarse coal to stop up slag suction mouth, guarantee that coal is through the smooth admission passage 18 of slag suction mouth, i.e. dreg returning barrel; Compressed air in the passage 17 enter mixing chamber 19 admission passage 18 again through aperture 24, be drilled with many apertures 24 and promote with the gaslift of finishing the colliery slurry on the tube wall of the pipe 13 at mixing chamber place.
The nozzle that the present invention adopts all is designed to the hyperboloid shape, and nozzle is integral sintered with carbide alloy, and inner surface carries out polishing, and this nozzle can effectively improve the jet quality, and the jet energy is improved greatly.
The drill bit that is installed in the tubing string bottommost can make mining equipment descend at the bottom of the hole smoothly, its shaped design becomes four-way bit, as Fig. 3, this drill bit can effectively guarantee mining tubular column once more down to original position after particularly carrying on the mining tubular column in recovery process, and the coal seam avalanche that occurs in the recovery process can not transferred to mining tubular column yet and be impacted.
3. the chamber stage is expanded in exploitation
Utilize main burner jet cutting and crushing coal body, all can adopt sky for guaranteeing around the mining tubular column coal in 3～5 meters radius top/bottom latitudes, need be rotated and lifting nozzle, the way that the present invention takes to rotate with the lifting mining tubular column reaches nozzle carries out fragmentation and exploitation to the coal of either direction purpose.
Two. inclined hole is communicated with long apart from mining phase
1. the layout of position, inclined hole hole.
Position, inclined hole hole is arranged in the coal seam updip direction of exploitation straight well, and the coal slurry of being convenient to be communicated with between the productive life of back flows to slag suction mouth by action of gravity.Inclined hole parallel length of creeping into generally more than at least 50 meters in the coal seam, and finally determine the position in aperture according to this length.
2. inclined hole boring.
Inclined hole is made up of straight hole section, inclination section and parallel hole section three parts, as Fig. 1.
(1) straight hole section A.
(2) inclination section B.Deflecting creeps into and adopts screw drill to carry out artificial controlled directional to creep into, until the working seam top board, deflecting finishes, and orientation adjustment is to over against recovery well, and the radius of curvature that deflecting creeps into remains on 140～280 meters, the setting of casing well cementation.
(3) parallel hole section C.After boring enters the coal seam hole trajectory control is crept in the coal seam about 1～2 meter on seat earth.
3. hydraulic mining stage.
In comparing broken coal seam, creep into and drilling tool can also be arrived original position down after brill is carried in very difficult assurance, so after the intact hole of inclined hole, take not carry brill, stop up drill bit by the method for well head pitching 29 and cross aquaporin, as Fig. 4, the sliding sleeve 26 that is positioned at bit adapter 25 tops is descending, and a plurality of jet nozzles 28 of compression spring 27 opening installation in jet-sub 30, when sliding sleeve 26 goes downwards to certain position, bullet card 32 opens under the effect of spring 31, be positioned on the step of jet-sub 30, water under high pressure directly carries out the jet cutting and crushing to coal body on every side by eight nozzles evenly arranging around the jet-sub 30, slowly revolution and promote drilling tool 9 when carrying out jet, broken coal body waterpower carry with action of gravity under flow to the slag suction mouth of recovery well, and gaslift be promoted to the moisture content of coal that carries out next step in the face of land 1 from.
Claims (7)
1. hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling: comprise vertical shaft, inclined hole, high-pressure pump, air compressor machine and pipeline, it is characterized in that:
(1) on the coal seam, bores an a bite vertical shaft and an inclined hole at least;
(2) installation comprises the mining tubular column of water under high pressure passage, compressed air channel and dreg returning barrel and comprises jet nozzle, the mining equipment of mixing chamber and drag bit in vertical shaft;
(3) comprise the drill bit of drilling rod, jet nozzle and ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus drilling tool in inclined hole, the inclined hole directional drilling is to being communicated with vertical shaft;
(4) vertical shaft expands the chamber exploitation
A. use the high-pressure water jet broken coal, under the effect with gravity of carrying of liquid stream, flow to slag suction mouth;
B. utilize upper and lower the moving of mining tubular column to reach rotation, exploitation and broken coal body on every side fully;
C. at mixing chamber, injecting compressed air, produce gaslift, water, coal fully mix through dreg returning barrel at slag suction mouth and are promoted to the face of land;
(5) inclined hole exploitation
Pitching is stopped up drill bit and is crossed aquaporin, and jet begins cutting, broken coal seam; Revolution simultaneously slowly and promote drilling tool, broken coal current carry with action of gravity under flow to the vertical shaft slag suction mouth.
2. a jet coal mining lifting appliance that is used for the described hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling of claim 1 is characterized in that: mining tubular column connection jet nozzle and lifting appliance; Mining tubular column is provided with water under high pressure passage, compressed air channel and return slag passage; The jet main burner is established in the bottom of jet coal mining lifting appliance, and drag bit is established in the lower end; The slag suction mouth place of jet coal mining lifting appliance establishes jet and pays nozzle, and the dreg returning barrel barrel on jet coal mining lifting appliance top is provided with the air mixing chamber of some apertures,
3. one kind is used for claim 1 and 2 described hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling, it is characterized in that: be arranged in inclined hole drilling rod bottom and be provided with the ball-throwing type jet quarrying apparatus of being made up of jet nozzle, sliding sleeve, spring, ball and bit adapter, the hole of sliding sleeve is provided with the shoulder hole that can adorn ball; The sliding sleeve outside is provided with multidiameter, is provided with spring between sliding sleeve and bit adapter.
4. hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: inclined hole is positioned at the updip direction or the approximate updip direction of inclined seam.
5. boring hydraulic coal-mining technology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: mining tubular column is made up of four layers of different concentric pipe of diameter, be followed successively by one, two, three from outside to inside, four passages of four-way, one passage is the water under high pressure passage, this passage is connected with the jet main burner, and two passages are that this passage of water under high pressure passage is paid nozzle with jet and is connected; Connect air compressor machine on the triple channel, connect mixing chamber down; Four-way upper end is connected from device with aboveground moisture content of coal, and the lower end links to each other with slag suction mouth.
6. boring hydraulic coal-mining technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the rib that keeps its spacing between adjacent two pipes of described four layers of concentric pipe.
7. boring hydraulic coal-mining technology as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the scraper of described drag bit is 2～6.
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| CNB021295212A CN1189641C (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2002-08-30 | Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling |
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| CNB021295212A CN1189641C (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2002-08-30 | Hydraulic coal mining method without underground drilling |
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| CN1189641C CN1189641C (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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| CN100354531C (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-12-12 | 南京大学 | Method for draining of vertical shaft with garbage filling gas and system thereof |
| CN101899950A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for hydraulically drilling high-stress coal |
| CN102712845A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2012-10-03 | 蒂森克虏伯伍德公司 | Method for producing individual compacts suitable for coke oven chambers by dividing a coal cake in a non-mechanical manner |
| CN103437764A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-12-11 | 秦勇 | Novel process for directional drilling for coal mining |
| WO2015000446A1 (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | 胜利油田隆迪石油技术(装备)有限责任公司 | Method and device for extracting coalbed methane by discharging water and coal fines |
| CN104481535A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Drilling and production integrated method for steep-inclined coal seam |
| CN105134213A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 西南石油大学 | Regional drilling and coal mining process method |
| CN106948860A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-14 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | The method for cooperateing with progressive draining coal seam gas with directional drilling based on U-shaped well |
| CN108412435A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-17 | 北京首创热力股份有限公司 | A kind of multi-cycle runner well system and drilling technology for big size hole hard rock drilling well |
| CN110656937A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized coal gas simultaneous mining system and method |
| CN111140232A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-05-12 | 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司 | Coal mining method for cutting coal by drilling-expanding-hydraulic expanding |
| CN111790703A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Cleaning tool and cleaning method for insoluble substances at bottom of salt cavern gas storage cavity |
| CN113338801A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized hydraulic coal mining method for directional drilling on ground |
| CN113338802A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized hydraulic coal mining system for ground directional drilling |
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| CN113464136A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized coal mining system and method combining ground directional drilling and underground roadway |
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| CN100354531C (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2007-12-12 | 南京大学 | Method for draining of vertical shaft with garbage filling gas and system thereof |
| CN102712845A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2012-10-03 | 蒂森克虏伯伍德公司 | Method for producing individual compacts suitable for coke oven chambers by dividing a coal cake in a non-mechanical manner |
| CN102712845B (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2014-12-17 | 蒂森克虏伯伍德公司 | Method for producing individual compacts suitable for coke oven chambers by dividing a coal cake in a non-mechanical manner |
| CN101899950A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for hydraulically drilling high-stress coal |
| CN101899950B (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-02-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for hydraulically drilling high-stress coal |
| CN103437764A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-12-11 | 秦勇 | Novel process for directional drilling for coal mining |
| US9850744B2 (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2017-12-26 | Shengli Longdi Petroleum Technology & Equpiment Co., Ltd. | Method for extracting coalbed gas through water and coal dust drainage and a device thereof |
| WO2015000446A1 (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | 胜利油田隆迪石油技术(装备)有限责任公司 | Method and device for extracting coalbed methane by discharging water and coal fines |
| CN104481535A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Drilling and production integrated method for steep-inclined coal seam |
| CN104481535B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of drilling integral method for half-edge coal seam |
| CN105134213A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 西南石油大学 | Regional drilling and coal mining process method |
| CN105134213B (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2017-05-03 | 西南石油大学 | Regional drilling and coal mining process method |
| CN106948860A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-07-14 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | The method for cooperateing with progressive draining coal seam gas with directional drilling based on U-shaped well |
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| CN110656937A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized coal gas simultaneous mining system and method |
| CN111790703A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Cleaning tool and cleaning method for insoluble substances at bottom of salt cavern gas storage cavity |
| CN113338801A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized hydraulic coal mining method for directional drilling on ground |
| CN113338802A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized hydraulic coal mining system for ground directional drilling |
| CN113464136A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized coal mining system and method combining ground directional drilling and underground roadway |
| CN113338801B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Fluidized hydraulic coal mining method for directional drilling on ground |
| CN113445915A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-28 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic deflecting directional drilling device and method |
| CN113445915B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-04-26 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic deflecting directional drilling device and method |
| CN113431494A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Vertical shaft circumferential sweeping fluidization coal mining system |
| CN113431494B (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2022-03-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Vertical shaft circumferential sweeping fluidization coal mining system |
| CN117662151A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal bed U-shaped well exploitation method and system |
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