CN1392284A - process for hot immersion plating iron and steel with aluminium-zinc alloy - Google Patents
process for hot immersion plating iron and steel with aluminium-zinc alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1392284A CN1392284A CN02138767A CN02138767A CN1392284A CN 1392284 A CN1392284 A CN 1392284A CN 02138767 A CN02138767 A CN 02138767A CN 02138767 A CN02138767 A CN 02138767A CN 1392284 A CN1392284 A CN 1392284A
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of hot immersion plating of iron and steel with aluminium-zinc alloy. The iron and steel after being pretreated with inactivation solution, compounded by using CrO3 0.2-5 wt%, K2MnO4 0.05-3 wt%, NaNO2 0.05-6 wt% and water, is hot immersion plated with aluminium-zinc alloy plating liquid with small amount of antioxidant alloy. The antioxidant alloy consists of Al 70-80 wt%, mixed RE 4-10 wt%, Si 8-10 wt%, Ni 3-5 wt%. The technological process can obtain high-quality smooth and bright coating without leakage, false plating, pinhole, color difference and other defects, and has low cost, simple operation and no drainage pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to iron and steel hot dip process technical field, be particularly useful for the aluminium-zinc alloy that the iron and steel hot dip process contains aluminium 50～80%.
Background technology
At present both at home and abroad the steel part hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology that adopts is based on flux method, but no matter adopts which kind of solvent, all will help plating to form the salt film and at the fused salt of plating bath surface coverage one bed thickness at workpiece surface.A kind of " dried wet method hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology is disclosed as application number 89109173.4." mainly there is following problem in the flux method or immersion when producing: (1) plating piece surface when plating bath proposes has one deck fused salt, and this layer fused salt must fall plating aftertreatment.Method in common is to adopt mixing acid and the molten salt layer reaction that contains nitric acid, makes it water-soluble, and the used wiping solution of discharging contains acid and fluorion, contaminate environment; (2) fused salt at high temperature can work the mischief to staff and plant and equipment to the fluorine-containing steam of air evaporation; (3) the salt film easy moisture absorption of workpiece surface through helping plating to form, palpus thorough drying before the plating, otherwise easily produce pin hole, plating leakage and empty plating, reduce the solidity to corrosion of coating; (4) be lower than the fusing point of plating bath for the fusing point that makes salt film and fused salt, often will select some special and expensive compounds for use, cost is higher, and it is also very high to eliminate expense such as plating back workpiece surface fused salt, accounts for 1/3rd of production cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of iron and steel hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology is provided.Before the hot dip process, help plating to handle to steel part, make the steel part surface form layer of even easily by the Fe of aluminium reducing with passivator solution
3O
4Film; During hot dip process, in the aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath, add the oxidation-resistant alloy of trace.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
A kind of iron and steel hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology comprises
(1) eliminates the grease of workpiece surface and carry out pickling;
(2) will carry out pre-film by passivator solution through the workpiece of pickled surface cleaning handles, passivator solution is by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate and water are formulated, or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, or by 0.05～3% potassium permanganate, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, the component concentration of above-mentioned passivator solution is the quality percentage composition;
(3) dry up, the workpiece of preheating after handling through passivation film;
(4) workpiece is immersed be added with in the aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath of micro-oxidation-resistant alloy, oxidation-resistant alloy is made up of 70～80% aluminium, 4～10% rare earth, 8～10% silicon, 3～5% nickel and 3～5% zinc.
Below the present invention is described in further detail.
Remove grease and adopt electrochemical deoiling or heating oil removing.The workpiece surface greasy dirt adopts electrochemical deoiling more after a little while, and degreasing fluid is made up of 20～25%NaOH and a small amount of cleaning agent, and removing oil temperature is 80～100 ℃, and the oil removing time is generally 15～20min.Surface and oil contaminant adopts the heating oil removing more for a long time, and workpiece is placed 400～500 ℃ process furnace, insulation 15～25min.Ability pickling after workpiece behind the electrochemical deoiling wants water to wash, and the workpiece after the heating oil removing can directly carry out pickling.
Earlier with 20～25%H
2SO
4The pickle solution that adds a small amount of inhibiter is at 70～80 ℃ of following pickling 15～20min, puts into 2～5% dilute hydrochloric acid solution after the washing again and at room temperature soaks somewhat and plant.Earlier can improve pickling efficient with the heating sulfuric acid washing, and the volatile disadvantage of hydrochloric acid when avoiding sulfuric acid and mixed in hydrochloric acid to heat pickling.The residual indissoluble molysite of workpiece surface is removed with the dilute hydrochloric acid soaking at room temperature in the back, occurs local plating leakage or empty plating phenomenon when avoiding hot dip process.
Carrying out passivation film after the workpiece pickling handles.Passivator solution can be by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide CrO
3, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate K
2MnO
4, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite NaNO
2Formulated with water; Or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide CrO
3, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate K
2MnO
4Formulated with water; Or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide CrO
3, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite NaNO
2Formulated with water; Or by 0.05～3% potassium permanganate K
2MnO
4, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite NaNO
2Formulated with water.The component concentration of above-mentioned passivator solution is the quality percentage composition.During obtain solution, the chromium trioxide that is dissolved in water earlier adds potassium permanganate then, and Sodium Nitrite is dissolved in the heated and stirred dissolving at last.
When the passivator solution that uses the present invention to prepare carries out Passivation Treatment to workpiece, need not the solution heating, at room temperature the treatment time can both obtain evenly and easily by the Z 250 Fe of aluminium reducing at 0.5～5 minute
3O
4Film.But the passivator solution prolonged preservation and the use that prepare.Can not obtain satisfiedly when helping the plating effect if use after for some time because of concentration reduces, can be added to then and stir in the old passivator solution and can re-use by the passivator solution of above-mentioned process for preparation with the distilled water compounding high concentration.
After passivation helps plating, workpiece is preheating to 100～250 ℃, waits for plate golding aluminium zinc alloy.
Oxidation-resistant alloy disposable adding when the melting aluminium-zinc alloy.Oxidation-resistant alloy be by multiple anti-oxidant elementary composition be the master alloy of carrier with aluminium, its add-on is 0.5～1.5%.Oxidation-resistant alloy is made up of aluminium, rare earth, silicon, nickel and zinc, and its content is: 70～80% aluminium, 4～10% rare earths, 8～10% silicon, 3～5% nickel and 3～5% zinc.In order to remove low cost, be smelted into the oxidation-resistant alloy of different proportionings by fine aluminium, mishmetal or rare earth aluminium alloy, aluminum silicon alloy, alumino nickel and pure zinc.
A kind of melting step of oxidation-resistant alloy is as follows: (1) presses earlier each constituent content proportion requirement weighing fine aluminium of oxidation-resistant alloy, mishmetal, aluminum silicon alloy, alumino nickel and pure zinc; (2) fine aluminium, aluminum silicon alloy and alumino nickel are carried out preheating, preheating temperature is 350～450 ℃, 2～3 hours warm up time; (3) disposable adding is through fine aluminium, aluminum silicon alloy and the alumino nickel of preheating in plumbago crucible, and the reheat fusing is controlled the alloy liquid temp and is no more than 730 ℃; (4) pull out slag, add insulating covering agent, as carnallitite; (5) mishmetal and pure zinc are carried out preheating, preheating temperature is 200～250 ℃, 2～3 hours warm up time; (6) will add in the above-mentioned alloy liquid through the mishmetal and the pure zinc of preheating, when the alloy liquid temp was between 710～730 ℃, 10～15min was left standstill in the refining degasification, pulls out slag, poured into thin ingot bar and promptly obtained oxidation-resistant alloy.
The temperature and time of hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy is determined by iron aluminium-zinc alloy layer thickness in the thickness of required coating and the coating.Usually hot dip aluminum plating zinc liquid temperature is 650～730 ℃, and the time is 7～15 minutes.The top layer of workpiece is the aluminium-zinc alloy layer behind the hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy, and thickness is between 50～80 μ m, and the iron aluminium-zinc alloy layer thickness between steel substrate and the aluminium-zinc alloy layer is between 20～45 μ m.
Can directly use behind the workpiece hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy.Can carry out the aftertreatment of chromic salt surface oxidation to workpiece as required,, also can behind chromate treating, carry out application, improve its visual appearance and decorative effect with its corrosion resisting property of further raising.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the plating bath surface need not to cover fused salt, does not have villiaumite steam volatilization polluted air during operation, need not carry out aftertreatment behind the workpiece plate golding aluminium zinc alloy and clean fused salt, has improved labor condition, has realized non-pollution discharge; Oxidation-resistant alloy is nontoxic, nuisanceless.
(2) add a small amount of oxidation-resistant alloy in plating bath, reduce the plating bath surface scale and form, reduce the oxide skin speed of growth, oxidation-resistant alloy has the purification plating bath, slagging-off, deoxidation, the effect of degassing, and the plating bath quality improves greatly; Gained coating surface light is level and smooth, reaches the beautiful decoration effect; Coating does not have defectives such as plating leakage, empty plating, pin hole and aberration.
(3) add micro-oxidation-resistant alloy in plating bath and can make the coating structure refinement, solidity to corrosion and comprehensive mechanical property obviously improve.
(4) because the surperficial fused salt of oxidation-resistant alloy with the disposable input of fusion process and after not having plating eliminated operation, so technical process of the present invention is simple, technology is easily implemented, and is easy and simple to handle.
(5) passivator solution is placed duration, can reuse for a long time.
(6) cost is low.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1. carbon steels (Q235) steel plate, 760 * 13 * 1.5mm.Add 0.5%Na with 20%NaOH
2CO
3Solution, 90 ℃ of following oil removing 20min.Use 20%H
2SO
4The solution that adds a small amount of inhibiter is at 70 ℃ of following pickling 12min, and washing is soaked 5min in the dilute hydrochloric acid liquid of immersion 3%, washing.With passivator solution (0.5%CrO
3+ 0.05%K
2MnO
4+ 0.2%NaNO
2+ water), room temperature passivation 3min takes out washing, dries up.140 ℃ of following preheating insulation 15min.During the melting aluminium-zinc alloy, the disposable adding of oxidation-resistant alloy, its content is: 73% aluminium, 7% mishmetal, 10% silicon, 5% nickel and 5% zinc.The chemical ingredients of gained aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath is 60% aluminium, 37.8% zinc, 1.6% silicon, 0.34% mishmetal and 0.26% nickel.Be incubated 10min in the aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath with 670 ℃ of preplating workpiece immersions, plating piece is come out of the stove air cooling with the speed lifting of 7.5m/min.Obtain smooth smoothly, free of pinholes, no plating leakage, do not have the coating of empty plating.Coating total thickness 92 μ m, wherein iron aluminium-zinc alloy bed thickness 28 μ m.
No. 2.20 carbon-steel parts of embodiment, 100 * 40 * 3mm.Remove grease and pickling with the method for embodiment 1.With passivator solution (0.3%CrO
3+ 2.2%K
2MnO
4+ water), handle 4.5min under the room temperature, washing dries up.150 ℃ of following preheating insulation 12min.During the melting aluminium-zinc alloy, disposable adding oxidation-resistant alloy, its content is: 75% aluminium, 8% mishmetal, 10% silicon, 4% nickel and 3% zinc.The chemical ingredients of gained aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath is 55% aluminium, 43% zinc, 1.5% silicon, 0.3% mishmetal and 0.2% nickel.Hot dip aluminum plating zinc liquid temperature is 680 ℃, and the hot dipping time is 14min, air cooling behind the plating piece proposition stove.The coating total thickness 106 μ m of plating piece, wherein iron aluminium-zinc alloy bed thickness 44 μ m.
No. 3.20 carbon-steel parts of embodiment, 100 * 40 * 3mm.Remove grease and pickling with the method for embodiment 1.With passivator solution (1.2%CrO
3+ 0.1%NaNO
2+ water), handle 3min under the room temperature, washing dries up.180 ℃ of following preheating insulation 15min.During the melting aluminium-zinc alloy, disposable adding oxidation-resistant alloy, its content is: 78% aluminium, 6% mishmetal, 8% silicon, 4% nickel and 4% zinc, the chemical ingredients of gained aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath are 70% aluminium, 28% zinc, 1.5% silicon, 0.3% mishmetal and 0.2% nickel.Hot dip aluminum plating zinc liquid temperature is 680 ℃, and the hot dipping time is 12min, and plating piece is come out of the stove air cooling with the speed lifting of 6m/min.Obtain smooth, the no plating leakage of light, do not have the empty coating that plates.The top layer of plating piece is the aluminium-zinc alloy layer, and it is thick to be 64 μ m, the iron aluminium-zinc alloy bed thickness 34 μ m between steel matrix and the aluminium-zinc alloy layer.
Embodiment 4. carbon steels (Q235) steel plate, 760 * 13 * 1.5mm.Remove grease and pickling with the method for embodiment 1.With passivator solution (0.05%K
2MnO
4+ 5.2%NaNO
2+ water), handle 1min under the room temperature, washing dries up.200 ℃ of following preheating insulation 10min.During the melting aluminium-zinc alloy, disposable adding oxidation-resistant alloy, its content is: 80% aluminium, 5% mishmetal, 8% silicon, 3% nickel and 4% zinc.The chemical ingredients of gained aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath is 60% aluminium, 37.8% zinc, 1.6% silicon, 0.34% mishmetal and 0.26% nickel.Hot dip aluminum plating zinc liquid temperature is 670 ℃, and the hot dipping time is 12min, air cooling behind the plating piece proposition stove.The coating total thickness 89 μ m of plating piece, wherein iron aluminium-zinc alloy bed thickness 30 μ m.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of iron and steel hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology is characterized in that: comprise
(1) eliminates the grease of workpiece surface and carry out pickling;
(2) will carry out pre-film by passivator solution through the workpiece of pickled surface cleaning handles, passivator solution is by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～3% potassium permanganate and water are formulated, or by 0.2～5% chromium trioxide, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, or by 0.05～3% potassium permanganate, 0.05～6% Sodium Nitrite and water are formulated, the component concentration of above-mentioned passivator solution is the quality percentage composition;
(3) dry up, the workpiece of preheating after handling through passivation film;
(4) workpiece is immersed be added with in the aluminium-zinc alloy plating bath of micro-oxidation-resistant alloy, oxidation-resistant alloy is made up of 70～80% aluminium, 4～10% rare earth, 8～10% silicon, 3～5% nickel and 3～5% zinc.
2, iron and steel hot dip aluminum plating zinc alloy technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described preheating temperature is 100～250 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021387672A CN1243121C (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | process for hot immersion plating iron and steel with aluminium-zinc alloy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021387672A CN1243121C (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | process for hot immersion plating iron and steel with aluminium-zinc alloy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
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| CN1243121C CN1243121C (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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