CN1391957A - 可搬型血液透析器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及血液透析器,这种可搬型血液透析器可以在注射针10的内部处配置有阻断膜15,使引入通路13和引出通路14分别形成,而且在注射针的下端部左侧的预定部位处设置有排出血液用的出血口12,在所述注射针的下端部右侧的预定部位处设置有入血口11,由驱动部40的驱动力产生的泵作用,可以将通过入血口11吸入的血液通过所述引入通路13传送至血液透析过滤器30处,在实施过滤处理之后再通过引出通路14和出血口12供给至体内,所以在实施血液透析时,可以降低原先需要实施两次注射所产生的痛苦,并且能够在家庭中安全地进行血液透析,因此还具有可以降低赴医院治疗的次数,大幅度节省时间和费用的效果。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及血液透析装置,特别涉及可搬型血液透析器,其在注射针的内部备有阻断膜,使血液的引入通路和引出通路分别形成,而且在驱动部的泵作用下通过注射针的右侧预定部位所备有的入血口后,再通过引入通路传送至过滤器,通过所述过滤器,使过滤处理之后的清洁血液可通过引出通路和出血口而再次注射至体内。
所谓血液是一种在血管内流动的均匀液态组织,呈不透明的鲜红色。然而,如果将一小滴血液薄薄地涂覆在玻璃板上,并放在显微镜下观察时,可以看见在透明的液体中血球在漂动而呈不均匀形式。血液的主要功能是对各种物质实施传送,比如说将由肺部获取到的氧气和由消化道吸收的营养物质传送至全身的各个细胞处,并且将由细胞产生出的碳酸气和废物传送至肺部、肾脏部,或是通过皮肤等等排出至体外。而且,还可以将骨骼、筋和肝脏产生的多余热量传送至身体的其他部位,使体热分布均匀,并通过皮肤的散热作用而使体温保持一定。
血液是由红血球、白血球、血小板和血浆构成的,红血球呈无核的圆盘状,白血球呈有核的不均匀形状,血小板呈无核的小型形状,血浆为液体成分。所述红血球占全部血液的45%左右,用于对氧气等等实施的传送,白血球用于吞噬细菌,血小板用于使血液凝固,而血浆可以协助对物质实施的传送,在所述血液构成成分中最大尺寸的大型白血球,形状不均匀,大小为12~25微米(μm),直径为8微米(μm)左右。
一般说来,坏血病指的是体内血液呈一定程度的停滞、形成大量废物时产生的一种中医学上的病症,其中因血管硬化而溢出、滞留在组织之间的血液被称为淤血,因血液流动速度比较低而停滞在硬化血管或器官内的血液被称为积血,这些均属于坏血。换句话说就是,通常体内在对食物等等实施消化而产生有废物时,可通过各个相应器官排出至体外,然而当由于这些器官损坏或老化等等原因而不能实现顺畅***时,废物便会停滞在血液中和***处,而成为生病的原因。含有大量这些停滞物的血液为坏血。
当所述坏血停滞在血管或组织处时,会表现出口干症状,病人会感觉到腹涨、全身乏力。而且,在皮肤和黏膜等处会出现紫色斑点和青色血管,皮肤呈鱼鳞般粗糙,大便颜色呈黑色,表示容易出血的症状。即,有时也成为皮肤科、眼科、神经科、妇产科、内科等许多科处理的各种各样疾病的原因。
背景技术
另外,作为对急性和慢性肾局部疾病治疗而使用的方法,通常有血液透析法,但这种方法可以从患者的血液中排出多余的水分和由于蛋白质代谢而产生的废物,将由透析膜构成的管子导入到为改善血浆酸碱平衡和电解质浓度而组成的溶液中,进而通过使患者的一部分血液在该管子内循环代行肾的主要功能,所以这种实施血液透析的装置也被称为人工肾脏装置。
换句话说就是,血液透析是一种利用人工肾脏装置对血液中的废物和水分实施除去的过程,在所述人工肾脏装置内部处,形成有具有只有利用显微镜才能看见的通路和孔的非常微小的、且由单纯物质构成的薄板和管路的膜,这种膜的特征是仅允许比孔小的粒子通过而不允许比较大的粒子通过。为了利用这种半透膜进行除去废物和水分的血液透析,需要血液透析设备和人工肾脏装置,应该对患者的两个血管进行注射。
来到血液透析室的患者需要躺在床上,对两个血管进行注射,一个用于由排出血液,另一个用于将通过血液透析装置后的血液送入至体内。当血液通过人工肾脏装置内的半透膜内侧时,透析液在该半透膜的外侧流动,从而形成透析作用。所谓透析是可以通过扩散和静水压力等等原理,除去未能由肾脏排出的水分、电解质和废物等等的微小颗粒。
实施血液透析每次需要对200ml的血液实施排出、注入,而一般的末梢血管难以排出足够的血液,所以需要实施体内动脉和静脉的连接手术。这种手术需要实施局部麻醉,在手术室内进行,手术部位位于由大部分手腕上部1~2英寸处。实施血管手术时,动脉血液会流至体内的静脉血管中,由于手腕处的静脉比较大且比较强,所以触及手术部位时会感到刺痛,并且有一种嗡嗡的感觉,当将听诊器放在手术部位听时,嗡嗡的声音像雷鸣那样。如果没有这种感觉和声音,则表明手术并不成功,而且在手术后至少一个月(糖尿病患者为两个月)之内,将不能再次实施血液透析手术。
所述血液透析的患者要定期返回医院,由医院方实施定期检查诊断,并接受每周两次或每周三次的治疗,优点是患者可以参加一般的社会活动,但缺点是必须按固定的时间表返同医院,使患者感到相当麻烦,而且还存在每次接受治疗时均需要承受两次注射的痛苦,并必需同时进行食物疗法和水分限制,以及每次实施治疗时均需要去医院,所以有医疗费用过大的问题。
发明内容
本发明就是解决上述问题用的发明,本发明的目的就是提供一种可搬型血液透析器,在注射针的内部处配置有阻断膜,使引入通路和引出通路分别形成,而且在注射针的下端部左侧的预定部位处设置有排出血液用的出血口,在所述注射针的右侧预定部位处设置有入血口,由驱动部的驱动力产生的泵作用,可以将通过入血口吸入的血液通过所述引入通路传送至过滤器,在实施过滤处理之后再通过引出通路和出血口供给至体内。
为了能够解决上述技术问题,本发明提供的可搬型血液透析器具有:在其内部具有阻断膜并另外备有引入通路和引出通路的注射针;与所述注射针相连接以对血液实施输送用的软质医疗用管;对由所述管供给的血液实施过滤处理并排出的血液透析过滤器;配置在所述血液透析过滤器一侧的预定部位并依据血液流动速度产生出规定的电信号的传感部;产生所述血液透析过滤器透析血液所需要的驱动力的驱动部;以及对所述驱动部实施控制并当传感部产生出预定电气信号时中止驱动部动作用的控制部。
对附图的简要说明
图1为表示根据本发明的可搬运型血液透析装置中注射针的示意性放大斜视图。
图2为表示根据本发明的注射针***至人体血管的状态的示意性斜视图。
图3为表示根据本发明的一种可搬运型血液透析器构成的概略性示意图。
实施发明用的最佳实施形式
下面参考附图,对根据本发明的可搬运型血液透析器进行详细说明。
正如图1所示,根据本发明的注射针10,其内部配置有阻断膜15,从而形成左侧的引出通路14与右侧的引入通路13相互不导通的构成,而且下端部16维持容易***血管的尖端形状,同时呈可以阻断血液流入和流出的堵塞状态。在所述注射针10上引出通路14的预定部位处,还配置有可排出血液用的出血口12,在所述注射针10上引入通路13的预定部位处,配置有使血液流入用的入血口11。
所述出血口12形成在与下端部16相接近的位置,所述入血口11由于形成在与下端部16相距预定距离的位置处,所以能防止由出血口12处排出的血液再循环至入血口11处。
在所述注射针10的上端部形成可拆装两个医疗用管的结合部17,而且在所述结合部17处还形成有使管20不容易被拔出用的台阶部。
换句话说就是,当如图2所示,由于将所述注射针10斜向***人体血管时可通过左侧的入血口11吸入血液,通过右侧的出血口12排出血液,所以不会妨碍人体的血液流动。
所述管20可以如图3所示,与血液透析过滤器30的上部和下部相连接,通过注射针10上的入血口11和引入通路13吸入的血液,可以在驱动部40的驱动力作用下供给至血液透析过滤器30的上部,由所述血液透析过滤部30实施过滤处理之后,通过血液透析过滤器30的下部处排出,而通过所述血液透析过滤部30的下部处排出的清洁血液,将通过管20和注射针上的引出通路14、出血口12,再次供给至人体的血管1。
所述的血液透析过滤器30通常多采用中空丝型过滤器,在所述血液透析过滤部的内部,还使用为防止血液凝固用的肝磷脂。而且,在所述血液透析过滤部30上一侧的预定部位,还设置有由测定血流速度用的血流传感器(图中未示出)构成的传感部60,所述传感部60利用常规的流量传感器原理,可以依据过滤排出时的血流移动速度产生出规定的电信号。
由所述传感部60的电信号传送至控制部50,所述控制部50将其与预先设定的血流速度进行比较,对于过滤后的血流速度比较大的场合,产生控制信号以停止驱动部40的动作。所述控制部50中预先设定的血流速度,可以依据实施血液透析的血管实施调节,所以该驱动部40还可以依据事先的考虑结果对部分误差实施调节,以便对血管和人体相适应。
所述驱动部40中的电动机(图中未示出)可以采用适用于家庭使用的交流电动机,然而也可以根据需要采用使用直流电源的直流电动机,所述电动机的驱动力作用于配置在驱动部的泵(图中未示出),并且通过所述泵的泵送作用而使血液透析过滤部30实施过滤操作。
根据本发明构造的可搬运型血液透析装置,可以在注射针10的内部处配置有阻断膜15,使引入通路13和引出通路14分别形成,而且在注射针的下端部左侧的预定部位设置有排出血液用的出血口12,在所述注射针的下端部右侧的预定部位处设置有入血口11,由驱动部40的驱动力产生的泵作用,可以将通过入血口11吸入的血液通过所述引入通路13传送至血液透析过滤部30处,在实施过滤处理之后再通过引出通路14和出血口12供给至体内,所以在实施血液透析时,可以降低原先需要实施两次注射所产生的痛苦,并且能够在家庭中安全地进行血液透析,因此还具有可以降低赴医院治疗的次数,大幅度节省时间和费用的效果。
Claims (2)
1.一种可搬运型血液透析器,其特征在于具有:
在其内部具有阻断膜并使引入通路和引出通路分别设置的注射针;
与所述注射针相连接以对血液实施输送用的软质医疗管;
对由所述管供给的血液实施过滤处理并排出的血液透析过滤器;
配置在所述血液透析过滤器上一侧预定部位处的、依据血液流动速度产生出相应电信号用的传感部;
对所述血液透析过滤器产生对血液实施透析操作用的驱动力的驱动部;
以及对所述驱动部实施控制、当传感部产生出预定电信号时中止驱动部动作用的控制部。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的可搬运型血液透析器,其特征在于所述注射针在其内部配置有阻断膜,使位于左侧的引出通路和位于右侧的引入通路间不相互流通,在所述注射针上引出通路的预定部位处设置有排出血液用的出血口,在所述注射针上引入通路的预定部位处设置有使血液流入用的入血口,其下端部为容易***血管的尖端形状,并且呈可以阻断血液流入和流出的堵塞状态,而且在上端部处还形成有当***医疗管时使其不容易拔出的台阶部。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR200129608 | 2001-05-29 | ||
KR1020010029608A KR20010070642A (ko) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | 휴대용 혈액투석기 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1391957A true CN1391957A (zh) | 2003-01-22 |
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ID=19710090
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN02124691A Pending CN1391957A (zh) | 2001-05-29 | 2002-05-29 | 可搬型血液透析器 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20020179504A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1262203A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003019199A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010070642A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1391957A (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101337164B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-12-05 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | 캐뉼러 장치 |
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US4370983A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1983-02-01 | Lichtenstein Eric Stefan | Computer-control medical care system |
US3710454A (en) * | 1971-02-22 | 1973-01-16 | E Mellor | Portable apparatus for operating or simulating operation of artificial kidneys or the like |
US3809241A (en) * | 1973-02-23 | 1974-05-07 | Electro Sys Eng Inc | Self-container kidney dialysis apparatus |
US3908653A (en) * | 1974-01-23 | 1975-09-30 | Vital Assists | Blood chamber |
US4134402A (en) * | 1976-02-11 | 1979-01-16 | Mahurkar Sakharam D | Double lumen hemodialysis catheter |
FR2366023A1 (fr) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-04-28 | Inst Nat Sante Rech Med | Procede et appareil de reglage des conditions d'hemodialyse |
US4443333A (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1984-04-17 | Mahurkar Sakharam D | Portable dialysis system and pump therefor |
US4403983A (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1983-09-13 | Shiley Incorporated | Dual lumen subclavian cannula |
US4626240A (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1986-12-02 | Shiley Incorporated | Dual lumen subclavian cannula |
DE3228438C2 (de) * | 1982-07-30 | 1985-01-17 | Karl Dr. 6301 Pohlheim Aigner | Doppellumiger Katheter |
DE3313421C2 (de) * | 1983-04-13 | 1985-08-08 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Einrichtung zum Regeln der Ultrafiltrationsrate bei Vorrichtungen zum extrakorporalen Reinigen von Blut |
US5197951A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1993-03-30 | Mahurkar Sakharam D | Simple double lumen catheter |
DE3400874C1 (de) * | 1984-01-12 | 1985-02-07 | Karl Dr. 6301 Pohlheim Aigner | Doppellumiger Katheter fuer eine Vorrichtung zur in-vivo-Reinigung von Blut |
EP0168136A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1986-01-15 | Shiley Incorporated | Dual lumen subclavian cannula |
FR2574664B1 (fr) * | 1984-12-14 | 1987-03-06 | Issautier Gerald | Dispositif d'hemodialyse permettant de controler automatiquement la perte de poids |
US4675004A (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1987-06-23 | Quinton Instrument Company | Dual-lumen fistula needle |
EP0258219A4 (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1988-11-23 | Philip Nicholas Sawyer | APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE INTRODUCTION OF AIR OR THE RELUX OF FLUIDS INTO THE BODY OF A PATIENT. |
US4808155A (en) * | 1986-02-27 | 1989-02-28 | Mahurkar Sakharam D | Simple double lumen catheter |
US5215450A (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1993-06-01 | Yehuda Tamari | Innovative pumping system for peristaltic pumps |
US5284470A (en) * | 1992-11-02 | 1994-02-08 | Beltz Alex D | Wearable, portable, light-weight artificial kidney |
US5685988A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1997-11-11 | Malchesky; Paul | Dialysis process and system |
US5928180A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1999-07-27 | Krivitski; Nikolai M. | Method and apparatus for real time monitoring of blood volume in a filter |
US6406631B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2002-06-18 | Nephros, Inc. | Two stage diafiltration method and apparatus |
EP1095666A1 (fr) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-02 | Infomed S.A. | Dispositif d'épuration extracorporelle du sang |
US6610027B1 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2003-08-26 | Mohamed Kaled Mohamed El Hatu | Hemodialysis |
US6622542B2 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2003-09-23 | Therox, Inc. | Bubble detector and method of use thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-05-29 KR KR1020010029608A patent/KR20010070642A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-05-28 JP JP2002154500A patent/JP2003019199A/ja active Pending
- 2002-05-28 US US10/155,011 patent/US20020179504A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-29 CN CN02124691A patent/CN1391957A/zh active Pending
- 2002-05-29 EP EP02253776A patent/EP1262203A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1262203A3 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
US20020179504A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
EP1262203A2 (en) | 2002-12-04 |
JP2003019199A (ja) | 2003-01-21 |
KR20010070642A (ko) | 2001-07-27 |
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