CN1386575A - Modified activated carbon fibre and its preparing process and use - Google Patents
Modified activated carbon fibre and its preparing process and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN1386575A CN1386575A CN 02115030 CN02115030A CN1386575A CN 1386575 A CN1386575 A CN 1386575A CN 02115030 CN02115030 CN 02115030 CN 02115030 A CN02115030 A CN 02115030A CN 1386575 A CN1386575 A CN 1386575A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- carbon fiber
- xenon
- fiber
- noble metal
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N Xenon-133 Chemical compound [133Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940106670 xenon-133 Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-YTBWXGASSA-N sodium;dioxido(oxo)azanium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][15N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-YTBWXGASSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A modified fibre of activated carbon is prepared from the activated carbon fibres through impregnating in the solution containing noble metal ions. Said modified fibre can be used to adsorb the xenon with higher adsorbing effect improved by 40-100%. It has important action in collecting, separating and purifying the isotopes of radioactive xenon in atmosphere.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the purposes that a kind of modified activated carbon fiber and preparation method thereof and this modified activated carbon fiber are used for adsorption and enrichment inert gas xenon (Xe).
Background technology
Radioactivity rare gas
133Xe is from the fission product of nuclear reactor, nuclear power station and other nuclear facilities.If from waste gas, discharge, then environment is caused bigger harm, so its adsorption treatment Study on Technology tool is had very important significance; Simultaneously, by in the monitoring Global atmosphere
133The variation of Xe activity can be found the promise breaking nuclear incident that may exist.Because the ATMOSPHERICAL BACKGROUND concentration of xenon has only 0.087ppm, wherein the isotope of radioxenon (mainly comprises
131mXe,
135Xe,
133mXe and
133Xe) content is lower, should at first carry out enrichment, separation and purification to the xenon in the atmosphere when therefore monitoring.
The method of separation and purification xenon comprises absorption method, low temperature distillation method, the semi-transparent embrane method of selectivity and solvent adsorption method etc. from air, but comparatively commonly used and effective with absorption method.In order to realize the efficient separation to xenon in the atmosphere, selecting suitable adsorbent is to need one of key factor of considering.The solid adsorbent materials that can be used for the adsorbing separation xenon mainly comprises activated carbon, molecular sieve, graphite, porous metals etc., and absorption can be carried out at normal temperatures, also can carry out at low temperatures.But these adsorbents are still lower to the adsorbance of xenon.In order to improve the efficient of the xenon in the atmosphere being carried out enrichment, still need develop effective adsorbent more.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to by modification, the modified activated carbon fiber of the xenon in the energy high power capacity adsorption and enrichment atmosphere is provided, and uses it for the adsorption and enrichment xenon-133 gas general activated carbon fiber (ACF).
Modified activated carbon fiber of the present invention is the activated carbon fiber that load has the noble metal of 0.05%～20% weight on the matrix activated carbon fiber.
Said matrix activated carbon fiber can be general activated carbon fiber commonly used; Preferably specific area is 1000～2000m
2/ g, the wide activated carbon fiber that is distributed as 0.3nm～1.5nm in hole.
Used noble metal can be gold, silver, platinum or palladium, is generally silver.
The preparation method of modified activated carbon fiber of the present invention, be to be the matrix activated carbon fiber with general activated carbon fiber, be soaked in and contain in the solution that precious metal ion concentration is 0.01～1.0mg/L, and place oscillator to vibrate 4～24 hours, activated carbon fiber weight is 1: 1～1: 5 with the solid-to-liquid ratio that contains the liquor capacity of precious metal ion, elimination solution washs, and promptly obtains the modified activated carbon fiber of required carried noble metal.Used precious metal ion can be gold, silver, platinum, palladium ion.
By the carbonization-activation temperature in the control activated carbon fiber preparation process, select suitable activator, can prepare matrix activated carbon fiber with the most suitable aperture of the present invention and specific area.The used matrix activated carbon fiber of the present invention preferably prepares by the following method: after fibrillation is handled with dilute alkaline soln, soaked 12～48 hours with 5%～35% ammonium dibasic phosphate solution again, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 1～1: 3, soaks back taking-up fiber and dries standby; With the constant temperature carbonization in 30 minutes under 750～950 ℃ of temperature of above pretreated fiber; Carbon fiber is the steam activation 0.5～6 hour of 0.5～5g/min with flow under 750-950 ℃ of temperature, and obtaining specific area is 1000～2000m
2/ g, the wide matrix activated carbon fiber that is distributed as 0.3nm～1.5nm in hole.Said fibrillation can be PAN, PVA, pitch fibers or sisal fiber.
When modified activated carbon fiber of the present invention is used for the adsorption and enrichment xenon-133 gas, as long as it is contacted with xenon-133 gas or the gas that contains xenon.Normally modified activated carbon fiber and xenon-133 gas or the gas that contains xenon are contacted 0.1～2 hour.
Modified activated carbon fiber of the present invention is suitable for the xenon in the adsorption and enrichment atmosphere.
The modified activated carbon fiber of carried noble metal of the present invention is compared with the former activated carbon fiber of non-loaded noble metal, the adsorbance of rare gas xenon is increased significantly, 1 * 10
3Pa～6 * 10
4Under the Pa pressure, can improve 100%～40%.
The mensuration of carried noble metal XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount is to carry out in special condition of high vacuum degree constant temperature adsorbent equipment.Under steady temperature, activated carbon fiber is estimated the adsorption capacity (capacity) of activated carbon fiber to xenon to the adsorbance of xenon and the relation of system pressure (being adsorption isotherm).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be behind viscose base activated carbon fiber (curve 2) and the carried noble metal thereof (curve 1) to the adsorption isotherm of xenon.This curve has reflected the size of above-mentioned these two kinds of activated carbon fibers to the xenon adsorption capacity.This figure shows significantly, behind the viscose base activated carbon fiber supported noble metal, the adsorption capacity of xenon improved a lot.These two thermoisopleths are carried out match, calculate according to fitting result then and relatively supported noble metal and two kinds of XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amounts of supported noble metal not under different pressures, the result is as shown in table 1.Be presented in the pressure limit of experiment, behind the activated carbon fiber supported noble metal, its adsorption capacity to xenon has improved 49%～125%.
Table 1
Active pressure (10 before and after the activated carbon loaded noble metal behind the xenon carried noble metal of activated carbon fiber former state
4Pa) the xenon adsorbance ratio of the xenon adsorbance carbon fiber of adsorbance fiber
(mg Xe/g ACF) (mg Xe/g ACF) value 0.27 15.7 35.2 2.25 0.61 34.9 74.8 2.14 1.05 57.6 117.1 2.03 1.60 83.5 160.3 1.92 2.21 109.9 199.7 1.82 2.85 134.8 233.2 1.73 3.57 160.1 264.1 1.65 4.16 178.9 285.2 1.59 4.59 191.6 298.7 1.56 5.53 217.4 324.3 1.49
Fig. 2 be behind the different amount of the load noble metal activated carbon fiber to the comparison of xenon adsorbance.Curve 1 is the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS thermoisopleth of not carried noble metal, and curve 2 is the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS thermoisopleth behind load 15% noble metal, and curve 3 is the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS thermoisopleth behind load 5% noble metal.Show that by figure the silver carrying amount of activated carbon fiber is influential to the ability of its adsorbs xenon, its adsorption and enrichment effect to xenon of the raising that suitable silver carrying amount can be bigger.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Viscose rayon is through carbonization, and in 850 ℃ of following steam activation 90min, obtains specific area 1243m
2/ g, pore volume 0.60mL/g, the viscose base activated carbon fiber of micropore average pore size 0.598nm.With this activated carbon fiber with the washing of rare nitric acid after, impregnated in concentration and be in 0.05% the Ag-containing solution after 24 hours, elimination solution, fiber is through fully washing, the cryogenic vacuum oven dry, silver carrying amount is the modification viscose base activated carbon fiber of 20% (weight ratio).Contrast this activated carbon fiber and carry the adsorbance of silver front and back to xenon, the result is as shown in table 2.As seen, after activated carbon fiber carries silver, under low pressure, the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount can be improved about 70%; Under big pressure, also can improve the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount more than 40%.
Table 2
Active pressure before and after the activated carbon loaded noble metal behind the xenon carried noble metal of activated carbon fiber former state
The xenon adsorbance of the xenon adsorbance carbon fiber of adsorbance fiber is than (10
4Pa)
(mg Xe/g ACF) (mg Xe/g ACF) is worth 0.29 19.5 33.6 1.72 0.67 42.2 70.9 1.68 1.09 65.5 107.5 1.64 1.64 91.9 147.0 1.60 2.24 117.2 183.1 1.56 2.87 140.4 214.6 1.53 3.55 162.3 243.2 1.50 4.01 175.8 260.2 1.48 4.35 184.7 271.2 1.47 5.11 203.2 293.6 1.44 embodiment 2
Specific area 1100m
2/ g, the sisal based activated carbon fiber of pore volume 0.90mL/g is after rare nitric acid washing, impregnated in concentration and be in 0.05% the Ag-containing solution after 24 hours, elimination solution, fiber is through fully washing, cryogenic vacuum oven dry, the percetage by weight that obtains carrying silver is 15% modified activated carbon fiber.In dividing potential drop is 0.3 * 10
4Pa～6.0 * 10
4Measure its absorption in the pressure limit of Pa, according to the adsorption isotherm test evaluation and contrast this activated carbon fiber and carry before and after the silver adsorbance to xenon to xenon.The result shows that after activated carbon fiber carried silver, under the low pressure, its adsorbance to xenon did not improve 150% than carrying Yin Shiyue; Under big pressure, also can improve the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount more than 28%.Embodiment 3
Asphalt activity carbon fiber, specific area are 1900m
2/ g, pore volume 1.02mL/g, micropore average pore size 0.72nm.It is in 0.1% the argentiferous ion solution that this activated carbon fiber be impregnated in concentration, reacts 24 hours, obtains the modified activated carbon fiber of load silver about 15% (weight ratio).This modified activated carbon fiber to the absorption evaluation method of xenon with embodiment 2.Contrast this activated carbon fiber and carry the forward and backward adsorbance to xenon of silver, the result shows, after activated carbon fiber carries silver, and low pressure (0.5 * 10
4Pa～2.0 * 10
4Pa) under, its adsorbance to xenon does not improve 100% than carrying Yin Shiyue; At big pressure (2.0 * 10
4Pa～6.0 * 10
4Pa) under, also the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount can be improved 40%～80%.
Embodiment 4
Change the maceration extract that contains noble metal among the embodiment 2 into 0.0001% gold-containing solution, through embodiment 2 is same handle after, the weight that obtains the load gold be 0.05% modified activated carbon fiber.Adsorption conditions is identical with embodiment 2.The result shows that after activated carbon fiber carried the gold of minute quantity, under the low pressure, its adsorbance to xenon did not improve 50% than carrying Jin Shiyue; Under big pressure, also the XENON ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS amount can be improved 20%.
Claims (9)
1. modified activated carbon fiber is characterized in that on matrix activated carbon fiber load has the noble metal of 0.05%～20% weight.
2. according to the described activated carbon fiber of claim 1, the specific area that it is characterized in that said matrix activated carbon fiber is 1000～2000m
2/ g, the wide 0.3nm～1.5nm that is distributed as in hole.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described activated carbon fibers, it is characterized in that said noble metal is gold, silver, platinum or palladium.
4. the preparation method of a modified activated carbon fiber, it is characterized in that with general activated carbon fiber be the matrix activated carbon fiber, be soaked in and contain in the solution that precious metal ion concentration is 0.01～1.0mg/L, and place oscillator to vibrate 4～24 hours, activated carbon fiber weight is 1: 1～1: 5 with the solid-to-liquid ratio that contains the liquor capacity of precious metal ion, elimination solution washs, and promptly obtains the modified activated carbon fiber of required carried noble metal.
5. by the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that said precious metal ion is gold, silver, platinum, palladium ion.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that said matrix activated carbon fiber prepares by the following method: after fibrillation is handled with dilute alkaline soln, soaked 12～48 hours with 5%～35% ammonium dibasic phosphate solution again, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 1～1: 3, soaks back taking-up fiber and dries standby; With the constant temperature carbonization in 30 minutes under 750～950 ℃ of temperature of above pretreated fiber; Carbon fiber is the steam activation 0.5～6 hour of 0.5～5g/min with flow under 750-950 ℃ of temperature, and obtaining specific area is 1000～2000m
2/ g, the wide matrix activated carbon fiber that is distributed as 0.3m～1.5nm in hole;
7. by the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that said fibrillation is PAN, PVA, pitch fibers or sisal fiber.
8. claim 1 or 2 described modified activated carbon fibers are used for the adsorption and enrichment xenon-133 gas.
9. according to the described application of claim 7, it is characterized in that described modified activated carbon fiber and xenon-133 gas or the gas that contains xenon are contacted 0.1～2.0 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02115030 CN1132674C (en) | 2002-04-05 | 2002-04-05 | Modified activated carbon fibre and its preparing process and use |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02115030 CN1132674C (en) | 2002-04-05 | 2002-04-05 | Modified activated carbon fibre and its preparing process and use |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1386575A true CN1386575A (en) | 2002-12-25 |
| CN1132674C CN1132674C (en) | 2003-12-31 |
Family
ID=4743418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02115030 Expired - Fee Related CN1132674C (en) | 2002-04-05 | 2002-04-05 | Modified activated carbon fibre and its preparing process and use |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1132674C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102432377A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-02 | 桂林理工大学 | Hydro-thermal synthetic method for nanometer selenium/sisal carbon fiber composite material used for preservation |
| CN102508285A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-06-20 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method and device for enriching and sampling xenon in atmosphere at low temperature |
| CN104404641A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-11 | 荣成复合材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method and application of hollow fiber |
| CN105064031A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-18 | 北京化工大学 | Method for preparing high-modulus carbon fibers at low temperature |
| CN107827107A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the hollow porous charcoal micro-pipe of kapok base or porous charcoal micro-strip |
| CN110860179A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-06 | 燕山大学 | Formaldehyde scavenging agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111644153A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-11 | 中山大学 | Supported activated carbon and preparation method and device thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-04-05 CN CN 02115030 patent/CN1132674C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102432377A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-02 | 桂林理工大学 | Hydro-thermal synthetic method for nanometer selenium/sisal carbon fiber composite material used for preservation |
| CN102432377B (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-05-01 | 桂林理工大学 | Hydro-thermal synthetic method for nanometer selenium/sisal carbon fiber composite material used for preservation |
| CN102508285A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-06-20 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method and device for enriching and sampling xenon in atmosphere at low temperature |
| CN102508285B (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-12-03 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method and device for enriching and sampling xenon in atmosphere at low temperature |
| CN104404641A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-11 | 荣成复合材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method and application of hollow fiber |
| CN105064031A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-18 | 北京化工大学 | Method for preparing high-modulus carbon fibers at low temperature |
| CN107827107A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the hollow porous charcoal micro-pipe of kapok base or porous charcoal micro-strip |
| CN107827107B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Preparation method of kapok-based hollow porous carbon micro-tube or porous carbon micro-strip |
| CN111644153A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-11 | 中山大学 | Supported activated carbon and preparation method and device thereof |
| CN110860179A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-06 | 燕山大学 | Formaldehyde scavenging agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110860179B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-10-26 | 燕山大学 | Formaldehyde scavenging agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1132674C (en) | 2003-12-31 |
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