CN1384172A

CN1384172A - Olefine preparing process with natural gas and coal synthesized heavy oil as material

Info

Publication number: CN1384172A
Application number: CN 01117708
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄中杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-05-04
Filing date: 2001-05-04
Publication date: 2002-12-11

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process of producing heavy oil with natural gas and coal and then olefin, aromatic hydrocarbon and fuel oil. The process is one including rectification, catalytic fraction ating and cracking. Gas is first produced, coal and catalyst are then added to synthesized heavy oil and light oil, and light oil is finally decomposed into aromatic hydrocarbon, olefin and raw gasoline while heavy oil is fractionated to obtain heavy oil, which is used as fuel and as raw material for extracting anthracene and other product, and residue.

Description

Method for preparing olefin by synthesizing heavy oil from natural gas (methane) and coal

The present invention belongs to a method for producing heavy oil by using methane (natural gas) and basic kinds of coal, such as bituminous coal and brown coal, and combining them to make heavy vibration, then extracting catalytic cracking industrial olefin and its correspondent product. The method is suitable for preparing olefin and corresponding products from methane (natural gas), bituminous coal, lignite and synthetic heavy oil or replacing constituents of methane (natural gas), such as: the water gas, the raw gas, the bituminous coal and the lignite are synthesized into the olefin and the corresponding products from the heavy oil.

Due to the variety limitation of crude oil, the method (process) for preparing olefin from crude oil is expanded to similar raw materials in advanced technical countries since 80 years, such as: the olefin preparation process by butane and ethane and the olefin preparation process by coal shaking and catalysis. In the 90 s of the united states, 40% of ethylene plants were converted to multi-purpose plants for ethane (wet natural gas) and alternative crude oil; in south africa, germany, other sources of raw materials, such as: the coal catalysis and heavy vibration process devices are also millions of tons per year. The development result not only changes the structure of raw material source, but also greatly reduces the production cost.

In terms of international market ethylene costs: oil $ 906, methane,&ethane (natural gas) $ 607, and coal $ 560.

China is a multi-variety country with olefin raw materials, petroleum is only one part, and the petroleum is 'Tiangong but not beautiful' rather 'Shangtiangbuyou', natural gas is convenient, coal is rich and cheap, and particularly certain parts of China such as southwest are mainly natural gas similar to petroleum and rich and cheap coal; the development of new raw material processes is not only obviously important for these areas, but also necessary for the rational utilization of global raw materials and the reduction of cost. Therefore, the method can keep pace with the global technology development step, so that the advantages of the domestic raw materials can be utilized, the import is reduced, the export is enlarged, and a large international market is formed.

The method comprises the following steps:

first, heavy vibration

The natural gas (methane) is cracked to form carbon and hydrogen or the carbon and the water vapor react to form the carbon or the hydrogen.

B is the gas production quantity which can be formed into synthetic gas together with steam or water gas in the cracking process (no matter the steam or water gas is added, carbon or hydrogen or both are increased inevitably.)

C, coal is pulped (lignite and bituminous coal), the coal is firstly crushed and sieved by a certain mesh sieve (such as 80 meshes), then natural gas or coal byproducts such as fusel oil, coal tar or heavy oil are made into slurry, and the addition of a solvent is based on uniform turning, namely 200kg of coal powder and 100kg of solvent can be generally 2: 1.

D, pressurizing the pyrolysis gas or the synthetic mixed gas into the coal slurry, uniformly twisting, and adjusting the temperature such as 450 ℃ and the pressure such as 15 mpa.

E can be added with catalysts with low corresponding cost, such as: the chromium-molybdenum catalyst is used for heavy vibration of heavy oil with a petroleum structure under certain pressure and temperature.

II, separation

A, excessive carbon deposit in heavy oil is separated from dissolved oil, and the carbon deposit (residue) can still be used as high-quality fuel.

And B, separating light oil and heavy oil at a certain temperature of 260 ℃ as a limit, wherein the light oil is the raw material of the olefin and the corresponding product.

C, distilling the heavy oil at 420 ℃ to obtain heavy oil and residues. The heavy oil can be used for preparing fuel oil or producing other products, such as anthracene and the like. The residue is asphalt.

Thirdly, refine

A, the light oil is fractionated into crude fuel (gas) oil, aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin.

B, according to the existing processes for preparing fuel oil, aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin, the qualified fuel oil (gas), benzene, xylene, toluene, naphthalene and aromatic hydrocarbon by-products and ethylene, propylene and butylene raw material products are produced.

C, according to the existing olefin cracking and catalyzing process, the olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene and the like are polymerized to produce polyethylene, polypropylene and other olefin products.

Example 1

A, 300 liters of synthesis gas prepared from methane (natural gas) and steam is uniformly added into 600kg of coal slurry prepared from 400kg of coal powder and 200kg of coal tar in a twisting way, 0.5kg of chromium-molybdenum catalyst is added at 500 ℃ and 15mpa pressure and kept for 4 hours, and 550kg of heavy oil and 100kg of oil residue are produced.

B550 kg of heavy oil was fractionated into 400kg of light oil and 150kg of heavy oil. And separating heavy oil and heavy oil residue from the heavy oil at 420 ℃. The heavy oil is used as fuel oil or other raw materials such as anthracene. The heavy oil residue is mainly used as asphalt.

C400 kg of light oil was fractionated to obtain crude gas oil and aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins.

And D, preparing the olefin into olefin products such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like.

Example 2

A, methane (natural gas) is directly cracked into carbon and hydrogen, 400kg of coal powder, 200kg of fusel oil (mixture of methanol and ethanol) and bituminous coal and lignite are selected with temperature, and a little catalyst (such as 0.3kg of chromium-molybdenum catalyst) is added. Under the pressure of 13mpa and 550 ℃, about 500kg of heavy oil and 130kg of oil residue are formed.

B500 kg of heavy oil is re-fractionated into 370kg of light oil and 130kg of heavy oil, and 130kg of heavy oil is separated into heavy oil and heavy oil residue (asphalt) at 420 ℃.

C370 kg of light oil was fractionated into crude (gas) oil, aromatic hydrocarbons, olefins.

D, olefin is polymerized to produce polyethylene, polypropylene and other olefin products.

Example 3

A, crude gas (H50%, CH 425% and CO 15%) with heat is directly added into a coal slurry consisting of 400kg of coal powder (bituminous coal and lignite) and 200kg of heavy oil or heavy oil, and a little of 0.3kg of chromium-molybdenum catalyst is added. 450kg and 180kg of oil residue were formed from heavy oil (note hold for 4 hours) at 450 degrees celsius at 14mpa pressure.

And B, decomposing the heavy oil into 350kg of light oil and 100kg of heavy oil at 260 ℃. The heavy oil is separated into heavy oil and heavy oil residue (asphalt) at 420 deg.C, and the heavy oil can be used as fuel oil or other raw material, such as anthracene.

C350 kg of light oil is fractionated into crude gas oil, aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin.

D, processing the olefin into polyethylene, polypropylene and other olefin products through polymerization. The whole process is a chemical method:

Claims

the content and characteristics of the method for preparing olefin by using natural gas (methane) and coal to synthesize heavy oil are divided into the following aspects:
firstly, the cracking of natural gas (methane) is mixed with steam and water gas (containing semi-water gas), if no natural gas (methane) can be directly replaced by water gas or semi-water gas.
Second, cracking, synthesizing, recombining the mixed gas and coal (bituminous coal and lignite) under certain temperature, pressure and catalyst, and obtaining the heavy oil.
Thirdly, heavy oil with heavy components is separated from kerosene slag.
Fourthly, rectifying the heavy component heavy oil into heavy oil and light oil (the temperature can be 260 ℃ for limitation).
And fifthly, the light oil is decomposed (refined) into crude gas oil, aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin. Forming: raw material gas oil, aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin.
Sixthly, preparing the crude gas oil into standard gas oil.

And B, distilling the aromatic hydrocarbon into benzene, toluene, xylene and naphthalene products.

And C, cracking the olefin catalyst into ethylene, propylene, butylene and an auxiliary raw material.
Seventhly, polymerizing (initiator, catalyst) ethylene and propylene to form: polyethylene, polypropylene products and other olefin products.
Eighthly, separating heavy oil and heavy oil residues from the heavy oil at the temperature of 420 ℃, and blending the heavy oil into fuel oil or preparing other products such as: anthracene, and the like. The heavy oil residue is used as asphalt.
Ninthly, the method comprises the following steps: