CN1371901A - Method for producing diphenyl carbonate and aromatic polycarbonic ester - Google Patents
Method for producing diphenyl carbonate and aromatic polycarbonic ester Download PDFInfo
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- CN1371901A CN1371901A CN 02105177 CN02105177A CN1371901A CN 1371901 A CN1371901 A CN 1371901A CN 02105177 CN02105177 CN 02105177 CN 02105177 A CN02105177 A CN 02105177A CN 1371901 A CN1371901 A CN 1371901A
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/08—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/20—General preparatory processes
- C08G64/30—General preparatory processes using carbonates
- C08G64/307—General preparatory processes using carbonates and phenols
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a process for producing diphenyl carbonate which comprises a step of preparing crude diphenyl carbonate by reacting phosgene and phenol, and a purifying step by continuous distillation of the crude diphenyl carbonate containing water and impurities, which continuous distillation comprises first-stage distillation for removing water and impurities having a lower boiling point than diphenyl carbonate, and second-stage distillation for recovering purified diphenyl carbonate, said first-stage distillation being carried out by supplying a basic substance and brining it into countercurrent contact with said low-boiling point impurities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of diphenyl carbonate, relate more specifically to a kind of method that obtains to have the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester of low chlorine content by distillation purifying.The purifying dipheryl carbonate ester that obtains according to the present invention can be used as the starting material of producing aromatic polycarbonate by the melt transesterification method.The aromatic polycarbonate of producing can be used as the CD base material resin material, be used for the transport container as the electronic component of IC and LED, the shell of electron device etc.
Background technology
Known have a multiple method for preparing diphenyl carbonate, for example, wherein under situation about existing as the quaternary ammonium salt of catalyzer, the method for phenol and carbonyl chloride reaction, under the situation that is included in the organic solvent existence, the method for the aqueous solution of metal phenates and the reaction of carbonyl chloride.No matter adopt the sort of method, industrial diphenyl carbonate comprises multiple pollutent, and the practical use purifying for this material is necessary like this.Pollutent comprises organic and inorganic muriate, metal ion, iron cpd, reaction intermediate such as formic acid chlorobenzene ester and is used for the organic solvent of production process.Among these pollutents, organic and inorganic muriate seriously influences the color of product in rate of polymerization and the aromatic polycarbonate production, and like this, the purification step of removing such pollutent is a particularly important.(referring to Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) Nos.38-1373, unsettled open (KOKAI) Nos.63-97627 of 7-96613 and 6-18868 and Japanese patent application and 64-24829).
Unsettled open (KOKAI) No.4-100824 of Japanese patent application discloses a kind of method by making the reaction of aromatic dihydroxy compound and diaryl carbonate produce aromatic polycarbonate, wherein (1) do not use the cl content of the diaryl carbonate that polymerizing catalyst and (2) use be not more than 0.05ppm and not ton ketone content be not more than 10ppm.Refer to wherein with acid or salt in this explanation " chlorine ", those that example hydrochloric acid, sodium-chlor, Repone K etc. exist, or in organic compound such as phenyl chloroformate, exist those and can measure the chlorine of determining from the chlorion that is undertaken by the potentiometric titration of using silver nitrate solution.
For obtaining to have the diphenyl carbonate of low chlorine content, advised various purification process, as: urea is joined the diphenyl carbonate neutralization by heating and melting mixture (Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) No.42-9820); With water washing with distill fused diphenyl carbonate (Japanese patent application unsettled open (KOKAI) No.7-138208) then; Melt fractional separation diphenyl carbonate and crystallization (unsettled open (KOKAI) No.8-3119 of Japanese patent application) from thick diphenyl carbonate; Retort carbon diphenyl phthalate under the situation that alkaline matter exists (unsettled open (KOKAI) No.8-198816 of Japanese patent application).
As mentioned above, advised that the whole bag of tricks is used for reducing the chlorine that product comprises with trace.Yet, according to wherein with water washing with the method for distilling the fused diphenyl carbonate then, although the chlorine of the easy extraction of diphenyl carbonate can be reduced to the scope of tens ppb really, this method can not effectively reduce volatility chlorine, and this volatility chlorine is produced by the decomposition of the organochlorine compound that exists with impurity in product.Therefore, even by can reduce the chlorine of easy extraction with water washing, in distilation steps subsequently, the decomposition of organochlorine compound takes place, can cause the pollution of volatility chlorine, cl content in the diphenyl carbonate is brought up to tens ppb or higher.Apparently, such diphenyl carbonate is unsuitable for the starting material produced as the aromatic polycarbonate that does not have color.
In addition, under the situation that alkaline matter exists in the method for retort carbon diphenyl phthalate, the alkaline matter that uses need have quite high concentration, particularly when such alkaline matter be when being insoluble to the type of diphenyl carbonate, even add alkaline matter to high density, also be difficult to reduce the trace amounts of chlorine content from the diphenyl carbonate that the distillation tower top obtains.Think that this situation is owing to such reason: unaffected in not contacting the dipheryl carbonate ester moiety of alkaline matter because alkaline matter is insoluble, therefore distill out diphenyl carbonate and do not reduce cl content.In addition, it is found that this phenates is the reason as the generation tubercular corrosion of the austenitic stainless steel of tower material if the high concentration basic material is at high temperature stayed the phenates that the bottom of distillation tower can produce alkaline matter.
Equally, needing another kind of starting material carbonyl chloride is that high purity is to obtain highly purified diphenyl carbonate.Generally by using gac as catalyzer, from carbon monoxide and chlorine production carbonyl chloride, but this method has variety of issue, and is as described below:
(1) is used as under the situation of catalyzer at industrial activited carbon, since the impurity (Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) No.6-29129) that exists in the gac or since reaction carry out making temperature of reaction rising (Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) No.55-14044) fast, the carbonyl chloride of producing is subjected to the pollution of a large amount of by-product impurities, particularly tetracol phenixin.
(2) people consider that the metallic impurity that are included in the industrial activited carbon have promoted by product, as the formation of tetracol phenixin in the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine.It is believed that advantageously by pickling or alternate manner and the metals content impurity of gac is remained on specific (Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) No.6-29129) below horizontal, but the pickling of in fact carrying out big carbon content active be quite trouble and do not conform to actually, also be difficult to remove metallic impurity effectively by such mode.
(3), advised with furnace gas the surface by catalyst layer individually, or the multistage cooling tube is provided for avoiding the rising of temperature of reaction.Yet the method for front involves the problem of the excessive decline of reactor volume efficient, and the measure meeting of back makes structure of reactor become complicated.
(4) also advised the exterior cooling catalyst layer, but in the case,, formed a large amount of tetracol phenixin because the middle portion temperature of catalyst layer uprises.(Kirk etc.: " chemical technology macropaedia " (Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology), second edition, 5 volumes etc.).
When the carbonyl chloride that comprises impurity such as tetracol phenixin was used to prepare diphenyl carbonate, organochlorine impurity formed as by product, thereby was difficult to reduce the cl content in the diphenyl carbonate of production.Diphenyl carbonate with high cl content causes active reduction, or by with the polyreaction of the transesterify of oxy-compound in the deterioration of color, it is unsuitable for the starting material as polycarbonate production like this.Therefore, recently, the carbonyl chloride gas of attempting to liquefy to be removing the lower-boiling impurity in the carbonyl chloride, or the retort carbon acyl chlorides to be removing high-boiling-point impurity, or with the carbonyl chloride of absorption agent such as activated carbon purification liquefaction.Yet according to any of these method, the quantity of the harmful carbonyl chloride that exists in the device increases, and makes under situation about having an accident, and people increase for the concern of its environmental influence.Equally, owing to need the equipment of carbonyl chloride purifying, build and the running cost increase.
Summary of the invention
The production method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of diphenyl carbonate, this method realizes the continuous industry production of this material, and can effectively remove the impurity that derives from the chlorine that exists in the diphenyl carbonate, producing in the aromatic polycarbonate by melt transesterification, this impurity causes painted or hinders polymerization, carries out controlling when such impurity is removed the decomposition of dipheryl carbonate.
Because the inventor is the conscientiously research that addresses the above problem, have been found that and comprising by the continuous still battery purifying in the diphenyl carbonate process of water and impurity, be lower than the fs distillation of the impurity of diphenyl carbonate by this material and alkaline matter counter current contact being introduced to remove boiling point, can reduce the amount that reduces the required alkaline substance of chlorine fabulously, the result minimizes the infringement to the distillation tower material, this is owing in this fs distillation, can allow the aqueous solution of alkaline matter effectively contact with chlorine.Further found be used for reclaiming the subordinate phase distillation of purifying dipheryl carbonate ester or in the recovery distillation that is used for collecting and steaming bottoms, by extracting true quantitative bottoms continuously out from the distillation tower bottom, with avoid material at high temperature long-time stop and avoid the formation of alkaline matter phenates as far as possible, the infringement to the tower material is minimized.By adopting these measures, in can be effectively and the acidic substance that in tower, form as by product, do not suppress the diphenyl carbonate hydrolysis simultaneously and do not influence the tower material, so that the acid polymerization retardation material of chlorine deutero-is reduced to the total level of chlorine that is not more than 20ppb, thereby can obtain the diphenyl carbonate of purifying, as producing starting material color is seldom arranged or do not have the polycarbonate of color.
On the basis of above discovery, finish the present invention.
Therefore, in a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of production method of diphenyl carbonate is provided, this method may further comprise the steps: prepare thick diphenyl carbonate by making carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant, and the purifying that carries out of the continuous still battery of the thick diphenyl carbonate by will comprising water and impurity, this continuous still battery comprises removing anhydrates and boiling point is lower than the fs distillation of the impurity of diphenyl carbonate, with the subordinate phase distillation of the diphenyl carbonate that reclaims purifying, this fs distillation is by providing alkaline matter and alkaline matter and this lower-boiling impurity counter current contact being carried out.
Equally, have been found that by making in the dpc production that carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant carry out, when using the carbonyl chloride of the purifying that also do not liquefy, above-mentioned diphenyl carbonate purification process is favourable.Owing to there is not the influence of carbonyl chloride liquefaction purifying, safe and cheap method can be provided, wherein in the reactions steps that forms thick diphenyl carbonate, the phosphinylidyne chlorine dose that exists in the device is minimized.Further found by introducing this purification step,, even in the diphenyl carbonate that obtains by the carbonyl chloride that uses non-liquefaction purifying, can reduce the unnecessary component that causes chlorine for certain wherein with alkaline matter and lower-boiling impurity counter current contact each other.
Therefore, in another aspect of this invention, a kind of production method of diphenyl carbonate is provided, wherein by carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant are prepared in the step of thick diphenyl carbonate, use comprises the non-liquefaction purified gases carbonyl chloride that is not less than 0.1 volume % impurity, under the situation that catalyzer exists, obtain such carbonyl chloride by making carbon monoxide and chlorine reaction.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of production method of aromatic polycarbonate, this method comprises diphenyl carbonate and the aromatic dihydroxy compound reaction that will obtain by aforesaid method.
The present invention is below described in more detail.1. the preparation of thick diphenyl carbonate
Diphenyl carbonate purification technique of the present invention can be used for the purifying by the thick diphenyl carbonate of the moisture and impurity of various known method (Japanese Patent Application Publication (KOKOKU) Nos.38-1373 and 58-50977, unsettled open (KOKAI) Nos.7-53473 of Japanese patent application and 7-53474 etc.) acquisition.This technology is effective especially when the product that purifying obtains in the following way: under the situation that nitrogenous alkaline compound or its salt exists as quaternary ammonium salt, the aromatic heterocycle of catalyzer, make the reaction of phenol and carbonyl chloride, reaction mixture is contacted with neutralise mixt with basic solution, separate organic phase from aqueous phase, with the isolating organic phase of water washing, separate organic phase from aqueous phase once more.Especially, can adopt this technology from diphenyl carbonate, effectively to remove the resistates of the basic catalyst that is used to react.
As the basic catalyst that is used for above-mentioned reaction, can use quaternary ammonium salt, comprise organic and inorganic acid salt, as tetramethylammonium and Tetrylammonium; The nitrogenous basic cpd of aromatic heterocycle is as pyridine, quinoline, picoline, imidazoles, benzoglyoxaline, pyrazoles, triazole and benzotriazole; With their salt, comprise the organic and inorganic acid salt of the nitrogenous basic cpd of this aromatic heterocycle.The boiling point of all these basic catalysts is lower than diphenyl carbonate.
For example, by with the mixture heating up of phenol and quaternary ammonium salt, the nitrogenous alkaline compound or its salt of aromatic heterocycle to 120-190 ℃, under well-beaten situation, the gaseous carbon acyl chlorides be incorporated in the mixture and react.For the phosphinylidyne chlorine dose that will introduce, preferably to be not more than 1.0 moles, more preferably the quantity of 0.4-0.5 mole is introduced, based on 1.0 moles of phenol.The catalytic amount that uses is preferably 0.1-10%, and by mole, 0.5-5% more preferably is by mole, based on the aromatic monohydroxy compound of base mateiral.In the mixture after reaction, comprise diphenyl carbonate, unreacted phenol, be used as quaternary ammonium salt or the nitrogenous basic cpd of aromatic heterocycle and other trace impurity of catalyzer.Cl content (extract out easily chlorine) is about 300-60, and 000ppm depends on the catalytic amount of use., reaction mixture basic solution with 70-95 ℃ contacted with neutralise mixt,, separate organic phase, isolating organic phase further contact with 70-95 ℃ hot water from aqueous phase then in the pH of 7-13 scope thereafter, and then from aqueous phase separation organic phase.Convert hydrochloride type basic catalyst to free type by neutralization, its major part is transferred in the organic phase.Therefore, in isolating thick diphenyl carbonate, comprise tens usually to the easy extraction chlorine of hundreds of ppb and about 10, the water of 000ppm as organic phase.
By making in the thick dpc production that carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant carry out, the do not liquefy carbonyl chloride of purifying of preferred use.Below, explain the preparation of the thick diphenyl carbonate that the non-like this liquefaction purifying acid chlorides of use carries out.
For carbonyl chloride, use the gas mixture of carbon monoxide and chlorine packed bed by gac, be used for the carbonyl chloride that their reactions is obtained by ordinary method.
According to this method, because reaction heat, the top temperature of packed bed reaches 300-400 ℃.Because generally exterior cooling is undertaken by water coolant, the gas temperature of reactor outlet is about 100 ℃.Adjusting is provided to the carbon monoxide in the reaction and the ratio of chlorine, so that carbon monoxide is for slightly exceeding stoichiometry.In the carbonyl chloride gas that forms, comprise carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, tetracol phenixin and chlorine as impurity, but main ingredient is a carbon monoxide.(although also comprise hydrogenchloride, this material is not included in the impurity).
Generally speaking, in the unlatching of carbonyl chloride production unit or when closing, foreign matter content, particularly carbon monoxide content increase.This is owing to when opening, provide the chlorine that generates corresponding to heat gradually, simultaneously with the packed bed of carbon monoxide by gac, when closing, at first stop the chlorine supply, after adopting carbon monoxide that the carbonyl chloride in the gac packed bed is purged out, stop the supply of carbon monoxide.Carbonyl chloride with the such impurity of high-content also can be used for the present invention.As needs, can handle the carbonyl chloride that forms by pretreater, return to stationary state up to carbonyl chloride production, after the carbonyl chloride steady quality, can restart the production of diphenyl carbonate.
In the present invention, the carbonyl chloride of producing is directly used in the production of diphenyl carbonate, and the purifying that do not liquefy.Can integrate the production of carbonyl chloride and the production of diphenyl carbonate like this, the phosphinylidyne chlorine dose that is retained in the production equipment is minimized.
For example, by with phenol and as the mixture heating up of the aromatics nitrogen-containing heterocycle compound of catalyzer or its salt to 120-190 ℃, under well-beaten situation, carbonyl chloride gas be incorporated in the mixture and react.The phosphinylidyne chlorine dose of introducing is preferably and is not more than 1.0 moles, and more preferably 0.4-0.5 mole is based on a moles of phenol.Set reaction conditions, make to be not less than 70wt% in the carbonyl chloride, preferably be not less than 80wt% impurity can and byproduct hydrogen chloride discharge reactive system together.
For promoting gas to flow out, consider the pressure-losses possible in flare system, reactor atmosphere is become state with pressure slightly, promptly preferably the internal pressure of reactor is adjusted to the scope of 0.10-0.15MPa, although carbonyl chloride is insoluble to reaction soln like this, byproduct hydrogen chloride can be discharged reactor with impurity apace together.Effluent gases is directed in the condenser, wherein will be by the condensations such as phenol of this gas-entrained, and impure uncondensable gas is carried out pre-treatment, discharge into the atmosphere then.Pre-treatment is included in the neutralization (basic solution that wherein circulates is as sodium hydroxide solution) of pretreater middle acid substance, or the neutralization of residual gas after the hydrogenchloride that reclaims washing is hydrochloric acid.Residual gas that will be after neutralizing treatment is discharged into the atmosphere with it self form, or carries out burning disposal.Equally, at high temperature, under the situation that catalyzer exists, can adopt hydrogen chloride oxidation with oxygen to produce chlorine from hydrogenchloride, can be with chlorine gas liquefaction and the recovery that produces.
On the other hand, reaction soln comprises diphenyl carbonate, unreacted phenol, trace impurity and as the hydrochloride of the aromatics nitrogen-containing heterocycle compound of catalyzer.Also comprise about 300-60, the chlorine of the easy extraction of 000ppm, this amount depends on the catalytic amount of use.Usually this reaction soln being carried out two stage wash handles, promptly, at first with basic solution wash this solution with in and the hydrochloride of aromatics nitrogen-containing heterocycle compound, produce free heterogeneous ring compound and alkaline chloride, then with the water washing product to remove alkaline chloride.For example, reaction soln contacted with 70-95 ℃ basic solution be used for neutralization,, separate organic phase, the hot water of isolating organic phase with 70-95 ℃ contact from aqueous phase then in the pH of 7-13 scope, and then from aqueous phase separation organic phase.The result of above-mentioned processing is, the concentration of the chlorine of extracting out easily in the organic phase is tens to hundreds of ppb, and water-content is about 10,000ppm.
Diphenyl carbonate purification step according to the present invention comprises fs distillation as described below and subordinate phase distillation.
The fs steaming is used to remove the impurity that thick diphenyl carbonate mid-boiling point is lower than diphenyl carbonate, as water, catalyzer and unreacted phenol.By with lower-boiling impurity and alkaline matter counter current contact, the acidic substance that during distilling, can almost entirely neutralize and produce by heating.Equally, by extracting bottoms continuously and effectively out from tower bottom, the purpose of carrying out this operation is to control the corrosion that the hydrolysis and avoid of diphenyl carbonate in the subordinate phase distillation caused by alkaline matter, can remove dechlorination deutero-impurity and effectively recovery have the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester of low chlorine content.2. fs distillation
In the present invention, in distillation tower,, consider its anti-tubercular corrosion and other advantageous property, select the composition material of austenitic stainless steel as this distillation tower with the thick diphenyl carbonate continuous still battery in the organic phase.
In the fs distillation, at first remove the impurity that boiling point is lower than diphenyl carbonate, as water, free type basic catalyst and unreacted phenol.In addition, in this fs distillation, provide alkaline matter, with alkaline matter and lower-boiling impurity counter current contact.Usually the form with solution provides alkaline matter.As for its supply position, select wherein can to carry out each other the position of gas/liquid counter current contact at distillation tower neutral and alkali material and lower-boiling impurity.If the bottoms relief outlet is located at more than the distillation tower bottom, can be selected any position.Yet more advantageously from the upper position supply alkaline matter of tower, wherein polar molecule is concentrated, and this is because this operation has dispersion of the alkaline matter of promotion and basic catalyst dissociative effect.In the thick diphenyl carbonate of moisture and impurity, be pre-mixed alkaline matter and also be effective as retort solution from the medium position supplying mixed compound of tower.By adopting such position to be used for the supply of alkaline matter, can during the fs distillation, strengthen the dispersiveness of alkaline matter and the thermolysis of promotion organochlorine compound.The result is, can be fixed into the metal-salt that does not have vapour pressure substantially by the hydrochloric acid that is decomposed to form, and do not need it and the combination of free type basic catalyst, and this free type basic catalyst will be recovered to reuse.Equally, in the subordinate phase distillation, the cl content in the bottoms (total chlorine) can be reduced to 20ppb or following, preferred 10ppb or following.
As being provided for fs distillatory alkaline matter, can use so any material, this material can be fixed into the metal-salt that does not have vapour pressure substantially by the hydrochloric acid that the organochlorine compound thermolysis forms, but preferred the use is selected from least a of following material: basic metal, alkaline-earth metal and oxide compound thereof, oxyhydroxide and carbonate.The exemplary of these materials is a basic metal: sodium, potassium and lithium; Alkaline-earth metal: magnesium and barium; The oxide compound of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal: magnesium oxide and calcium oxide; The oxyhydroxide of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal: sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; The carbonate of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal: Quilonum Retard, magnesiumcarbonate, lime carbonate and barium carbonate.Among these materials, consider efficient, be preferably strong alkaline substance, especially preferably sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide etc., this is because they only need add with less amount.
The alkaline substance quality that will provide according to the total chlorine amount decision in the thick diphenyl carbonate that is provided in the fs distillation.The excessive supply of alkaline matter increases the decomposition loss of diphenyl carbonate and also is unwanted from the corrosive viewpoint, and the under-supply of alkaline matter can not provide gratifying chlorine to reduce effect.Therefore, the 0.5-20 that normally used alkaline substance quality is this total chlorine amount times, preferred 1-10 times, in mole.
Except it should be continuous still battery, the fs distillation among the present invention was without any concrete restriction.Usually use distillation (rectifying) system that introduces refluxing unit, but also can adopt single flash.Distillatory vacuum tightness can be chosen wantonly, but considers the boiling point of diphenyl carbonate, and it is suitable distilling under the vacuum tightness of 0.1-100kPa.In the fs distillation, the water-content in the bottoms is reduced to usually less than 100ppm.3. subordinate phase distillation
In the subordinate phase distillation, from fs distillatory bottoms, reclaim the diphenyl carbonate of purifying.In this operation, the preferred subordinate phase distillatory bottoms of extracting out continuously, (θ t) was adjusted in 5 hours with the bottom residence time, more preferably in 2 hours.In this " bottom residence time " is the residence time of bottoms at tower bottom, by the flow decision of bottom volume with respect to bottoms.
Fs distillatory bottoms, it does not comprise water (less than 100ppm) substantially, still keep in the fs distillation, having fixed the basic metal or the alkaline earth salt of hydrochloric acid, but it does not produce any disadvantageous effect to the distillation tower material, as long as it is not transformed into phenates.Yet, in case considering bottoms, people are transformed into phenates, alkaline matter enters into the state that is dissolved in the fusion diphenyl carbonate, becomes highly acidly, causes the corrosion of austenitic stainless steel under the speed that increases.Therefore, importantly not only reduce the alkaline substance quality that is provided in the fs distillation as far as possible, also with constant speed, by suitable measure, as volume pump and variable valve, extract bottoms continuously and effectively out from tower bottom, alkaline matter can not stop the long time in tower like this.
From the viewpoint that diphenyl carbonate reclaims, the enrichment factor in the subordinate phase distillation preferably can the high degree that can reach to it, but selects 2-1 usually, and 000 times, preferred 5-200 times.On the other hand, the productive rate of alkali metal phenolate is the function of temperature of reaction, time and concentration, and these parametric optimizations keep less with the control reaction like this.Yet, about temperature, although because distillation procedure, it depends on the balance with pressure, can select to be lower than the temperature of diphenyl carbonate fusing point, is preferably 100-300 ℃ temperature usually.Therefore in fact, adoptable best way is to shorten the residence time in distillation tower and reduce concentration.4. reclaim distillation
Can be used for by other distillation purifying subordinate phase distillatory bottoms further reclaiming remaining diphenyl carbonate from bottoms.In the case, advantageously extraction is reclaimed the distillatory bottoms and the bottom residence time (θ t) was adjusted in 10 hours continuously, particularly in 5 hours.
Equally, for the purifying of overhead product diphenyl carbonate, it can cyclically utilizing in the neutralization of the thick diphenyl carbonate of preparation and the washing step of hydrochloride type basic catalyst.5. the production of aromatic polycarbonate
To carry out the starting material that transesterification reaction is also produced as the aromatic polycarbonate of specified molecular weight from diphenyl carbonate and the dihydroxy compound that aforesaid method obtains.The amount of the diphenyl carbonate that provides is generally 1.01-1.30 for the mol ratio of dihydroxy compound, preferred 1.02-1.20.
When producing aromatic polycarbonate, use transesterification catalyst usually by ester-interchange method.In the present invention, mainly alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound are used as transesterification catalyst, can be used in combination basic cpd, as alkaline boron compound, alkaline phosphating compound, alkaline ammonium compound and amino-complex.These catalyzer can use separately or use with two or more mixture.
The catalyzer usage quantity is 1 * 10
-9-1 * 10
-3Mole, based on one mole of dihydroxy compound, but use have advantageous property and good handling properties alkali metal compound and/or the situation of alkaline earth metal compound as catalyzer under, its usage quantity is 1 * 10 usually
-8-1 * 10
-5Mole, preferred 2 * 10
-8-8 * 10
-6Mole is based on one mole of dihydroxy compound.If catalytic amount is lower than above-mentioned scope, can not obtain enough polymerization activities have specified molecular weight with production hydroxy-end capped polycarbonate, if catalytic amount surpasses above-mentioned scope, the polymkeric substance color of production may worsen and tend to have many side chains of molecule.
The example that is used as the alkali metal compound of catalyzer in the present invention comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, saleratus, lithium bicarbonate, cesium bicarbonate, yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood, Quilonum Retard, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, cesium acetate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, lithium stearate, the stearic acid caesium, sodium borohydride, POTASSIUM BOROHYDRIDE, lithium borohydride, the hydroboration caesium, sodium tetraphenylborate, potassium tetraphenylboron, the tetraphenyl lithium tetraborate, tetraphenyl boric acid caesium, Sodium Benzoate, potassium benzoate, lithium benzoate, the phenylformic acid caesium, Sodium phosphate dibasic, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen two caesiums, disodium phenylphosphate, the phosphenylic acid dipotassium, phosphenylic acid two lithiums, phosphenylic acid two caesiums, sodium, the alkoxide of potassium and caesium and phenates, disodium salt with dihydroxyphenyl propane, di-potassium, dilithium salt and two cesium salts.
The example of alkaline earth metal compound comprises calcium hydroxide, hydrated barta, magnesium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, Calcium hydrogen carbonate, barium bicarbonate, Magnesium hydrogen carbonate, strontium bicarbonate, lime carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate, Strontium carbonate powder, lime acetate, barium acetate, magnesium acetate, strontium acetate, calcium stearate, barium stearate, Magnesium Stearate and strontium stearate.
The example of alkalescence boron compound comprises tetramethyl-boron, tetraethyl-boron, tetrapropyl boron, tetrabutyl boron, trimethyl-boron, trimethyl benzyl boron, trimethylphenyl boron, triethyl methyl boron, triethyl benzyl boron, triethyl phenyl boron, tributyl benzyl boron, tributyl phenyl boron, tetraphenyl boron, benzyl triphenyl-boron, methyl triphenyl boron and butyl triphenyl boron.
The example of alkaline phosphating compound comprises triethyl phosphine, three n-propyl phosphines, tri isopropyl phosphine, tri-n-butyl phosphine, triphenylphosphine, tributylphosphine and quaternary alkylphosphonium salt.
The example of alkaline ammonium compound comprises tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, hydroxide tetrapropylammonium, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, hydroxide trimethylammonium second ammonium, hydroxide benzyl trimethyl ammonium, hydroxide trimethylammonium puratized agricultural spray, hydroxide triethyl first ammonium, hydroxide triethyl benzyl ammonium, hydroxide triethyl puratized agricultural spray, hydroxide tributyl benzyl ammonium, hydroxide tributyl puratized agricultural spray, hydroxide four puratized agricultural sprays, hydroxide benzyl three puratized agricultural sprays, hydroxide methyl three puratized agricultural sprays and hydroxide butyl three puratized agricultural sprays.
The example of amino-complex comprises 4-aminopyridine, 2-aminopyridine, N, N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine, 4-diethyl amino yl pyridines, 2 hydroxy pyrimidine, 2-methoxypyridine, 4-methoxypyridine, 2-dimethylamino imidazoles, 2-methoxyl group imidazoles, imidazoles, 2-mercaptoimidazole, glyoxal ethyline and quinolylamine.
Transesterification reaction is carried out in two or more stages usually.Fs reaction usually under reduced pressure under 120-260 ℃, under preferred 180-240 ℃, was carried out preferred 0.1-3 hour 0.1-5 hour.The temperature of reaction that raises then reduces the vacuum tightness of reactive system simultaneously, and is final simultaneously not being higher than under the vacuum of 10mmHg usually to carry out polycondensation, under 240-330 ℃, distills by-product phenol usually.
Reactive mode can be intermittently, successive or its combination.Conversion unit can be pot type, tubular type or tower.
Measure the cl content shown in this specification sheets with following mode.The easy chlorine of extracting out:
By heating diphenyl carbonate (5g) is dissolved in the purifying toluene (10ml), adds ultra-pure water (10ml) and at room temperature stir the mixture (, under the 000rpm, passing through magnetic stirring apparatus) 10 minutes 1.Chlorine by chromatography of ions quantitative analysis aqueous phase is to determine its amount, and this amount is by the chlorine of the weight ratio of diphenyl carbonate being represented and is designated as easy extraction.Total chlorine:
Be filled in diphenyl carbonate (5g) and pyridine (0.1g) (it is the trapping agent of volatility chlorine) in the Glass tubing and under cooling, seal in a vacuum after the pipe, pipe is immersed in the oil bath and 190 ℃ of heating 4 hours down.After cool to room temperature, the Glass tubing of rupture seal, with the chlorine situation of above-mentioned easy extraction under identical mode measure cl content, its amount is by the weight ratio of diphenyl carbonate being represented and being designated as total chlorine.
By gas chromatographic analysis reaction soln composition and gas composition, measure water, pyridine and phenol respectively by KarlFischer water-content analyser and high speed liquid chromatography.At the washing diphenyl carbonate with after being dissolved in strong acid, by atomic absorption light spectrometry alkali metal salt concentration.
According to the present invention, decomposition by the control diphenyl carbonate, the acid polymerization retardation material of can continuously the chlorine in the diphenyl carbonate being derived is reduced to the total level of chlorine less than 20ppb, product of the present invention like this can be used for the suitability for industrialized production of diphenyl carbonate, as having less or not having the starting material of the polycarbonate of color.
Embodiment
Further explain the present invention by following embodiment, yet these embodiment only are used for illustrative purposes, rather than limit the scope of the invention.The preparation embodiment 1 of thick diphenyl carbonate
Reactor (the internal volume: 60 liters of the glass-lining of two covers strap clamp cover connected to one another is provided; Have upflow tube in 29L liquid level position), this reactor is connected on the outer well heater of oil circulating system.The suitable gas discharge pipe of condenser that the hydrochloric acid gas that will be used for producing is discharged system is connected to second reactor.Add in fusion phenol that the pyrido of 5mol% stirs,, be provided in first reactor continuously and be heated to 150 ℃ with the flow (equaling the phenol of 29.7kg/hr and the pyridine of 1.24kg/hr) of about 29 l/hr.The disc type turbine blade of teflon lined is used as agitator,, provides (14.4kg/hr) continuously in first reactor with mol ratio to phenyl 0.46 with carbonyl chloride.
By upflow tube, will be provided to from the outflow reaction mixture of first reactor second reactor, will direct into from the reaction mixture that second reactor flows out the degassing tower and nitrogen (0.5m
3/ hr enters into reaction mixture) counter current contact.
To (form: the 88wt% diphenyl carbonate from the effusive reaction mixture of degassing tower, the hydrochloride of the phenol of 7wt% and the pyridine of 5wt%) direct into strap clamp cover and teflon lined in mixing tank in, be connected on the outer well heater of hot water cyclesystem with mixing tank in being somebody's turn to do, under 80 ℃, contact 10 minutes so that pH is 8.5 with reaction mixture being reached with the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of about 5wt%.After neutralization, organic phase was placed in settling vessel 30 minutes, separate and transfer to cleaning and the mixing tank from aqueous phase then.Clean and mixing tank in, mixed 10 minutes placement 30 minutes in settling vessel then with organic phase with based on the hot water of organic 30wt% that makes an appointment.Water phase separated is to obtain thick diphenyl carbonate (water-content 10,000ppm; Pyridine 3.0wt%; Phenol 7.0wt%).Easy extraction chlorine in the thick diphenyl carbonate of producing is that 43ppb and total chlorine are 3,800ppb.Diphenyl carbonate in this acquisition is called " thick diphenyl carbonate 1 ".The preparation of preparation embodiment 2 (1) carbonyl chlorides of thick diphenyl carbonate
By gas mixer, with 3.56Nm
3The flow of/hr is with CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas (carbon monoxide: 98.1 volume %; Hydrogen: 1.9 volume %; Carbonic acid gas: trace; Water: trace) be provided in the carbonyl chloride reactor, then according to temperature of reactor, gradually chlorine (chlorine: 99.8 volume %, oxygen 0.2 volume %) is provided to the gas mixer neutralization and mixes, mixture is directed in the carbonyl chloride reactor with CO (carbon monoxide converter) gas.After temperature of reactor has been stablized two hours, with 3.36 Nm
3Chlorine is provided the constant flow of/hr.Reactor comprise the tower that is filled with granulated active carbon (100mm * 2,500mmH), by the water quench reactor.Reaction pressure is set at 3.3kg/cm
2G discharges reactor with the carbonyl chloride gas that produces under 70 ℃.In normal running, slightly carbonyl chloride gas is composed as follows: 92.3 volume % carbonyl chlorides, 3.7 volume % carbon monoxide, 3.9 volume % hydrogenchloride, trace hydrogen, 0.1 volume % carbonic acid gas, 100 volume ppm tetracol phenixin and trace chlorine, its productive rate is 3.63Nm
3/ hr.The pick of of this thick carbonyl chloride gas is provided in the diphenyl carbonate reaction device, and (wherein recycle hydrogen sodium hydroxide solution) becomes this gas into the nontoxic afterwards residuum of a little being discharged into the atmosphere in pretreater.(2) preparation of diphenyl carbonate
Under well-beaten situation, with the flow of 30.0kg/hr (0.319kmol/hr) and 1.26kg/hr (0.0159kmol/hr), 50 ℃ of fusion phenol and catalyzer pyridine are provided in first reactor continuously respectively.Then with 3.56Nm
3(carbonyl chloride: flow 14.5kg/hr) should be provided in first reactor by thick carbonyl chloride/hr continuously.First reactor has upflow tube 30 liters internal volume position, under well-beaten situation, with the gas/liquid mixed phase, by upflow tube reaction mixture is delivered in second reactor.Second reactor also has upflow tube 30 liters internal volume position.In two reactors, temperature is remained on 150 ℃.The reaction soln that leaves second reactor is provided in the degassing tower.For the reaction (it is an intermediate) of in degassing tower, finishing phenyl chloroformate and phenol, with the flow of 300NL/hr, with 160 ℃ of nitrogen and reaction mixture counter current contact, so that a large amount of chlorine leaves reaction soln.To mix from the waste gas of degassing tower with from the waste gas of second reactor,, in pretreater, become nontoxic by condenser.Impurity in the thick carbonyl chloride almost completely flows in the waste gas.Under the middle stationary state condition, from the flow acquisition reaction soln of degassing tower with 35.7kg/hr, its composition comprises the diphenyl carbonate of 88.1wt%.The carbonyl chloride that provides almost 100% is transformed into diphenyl carbonate.
To deliver to the neutralization tank of Teflon lining of strap clamp cover from the effusive reaction soln of degassing tower, the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of reaction soln and about 5wt% wherein, mixed 10 minutes down at 80 ℃, direct into mixture in the settling vessel and placed in settling vessel 30 minutes, mixture separation becomes water and organic phase.Neutralize so that the pH of water becomes 8.5.Organic phase is transferred in the wash tank, the hot water of about 30wt% is joined in the organic phase mixed 10 minutes, direct into mixture in the settling vessel and in settling vessel, placed 30 minutes.Water phase separated is to obtain thick diphenyl carbonate (water-content: 1.0wt%; Pyridine: 3.0wt%; Phenyl: 7.0wt%).Easy extraction chlorine in the thick diphenyl carbonate of this production is 43ppb, and total chlorine is 5,000ppb.Diphenyl carbonate in this acquisition is called " thick diphenyl carbonate 2 ".
Embodiment 1
Respectively with the flow of about 28kg/hr and 70mL/hr, thick diphenyl carbonate 1 and 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution are provided to continuously the middle portion of fs distillation tower.As the fs distillation tower is that number of theoretical plate is the continuous still battery tower that 8 SUS 316-makes.This distillation tower internal diameter is 150mm, highly be 3.5m, have refluxing unit on top and have the material solution feed zone in the mid-way, enriching section and recovery zone are filled with Sulzer filler (by Sumitomo HeavyMachinery Industries Co., Ltd. makes).Distill under the following conditions: vacuum tightness=2.7kPa; Heating medium oil temperature=about 220 ℃; Head temperature=80-100 ℃; Reflux ratio=1; Distillation rate=about 12%.From top of tower, with water, free pyridine and unreacted phenol, their boiling point is lower than diphenyl carbonate, removes with the overhead product form.From tower bottom, extract bottoms out with the flow of 24.5kg/hr, the bottom residence time is 20 minutes.Water-content in the bottoms diphenyl carbonate of extracting out is lower than detectability (10ppm), and pyridine and phenol content are lower than detectability (1ppm) and 50ppm respectively.The chlorine of the easy extraction in the bottoms is 2, and 300ppb, this numerical value are no better than by 2 of hot method of testing measurement, total chlorine of 310ppb.This is because the nearly all organochlorine compound branch that exists in the thick diphenyl carbonate is taken off, this decomposition be because in the fs distillation tower and the counter current contact of sodium hydroxide cause.Metal Na concentration in the bottoms is 6.5ppm, and these all Na amounts that are illustrated in the sodium hydroxide solution that provides remain bottom side.
Bottoms with the fs distillation tower is provided in the subordinate phase distillation tower continuously then.As the subordinate phase distillation tower is that number of theoretical plate is the continuous still battery tower that 8 SUS 304-makes.This distillation tower internal diameter is 200mm, be 3.5m highly, have refluxing unit, have the material solution feed zone in the mid-way on top, enriching section and recovery zone are filled with Sulzer filler (by Sumitomo Heavy Machinery Industries Co., Ltd. makes).Distill under the following conditions: vacuum tightness=2.7kPa; Heating medium oil temperature=240 ℃; Head temperature=about 180 ℃; Reflux ratio=0.5; Distillation rate=about 90%.From top of tower, with the flow of about 22kg/hr,,, extract bottoms out with the flow of 2.5kg/hr from tower bottom with the diphenyl carbonate of overhead product form acquisition purifying, the bottom residence time is one hour.Phenol in the top product (diphenyl carbonate of purifying) be 80ppm and the chlorine of extracting out easily and total chlorine neither greater than 4ppb, the high purity of expression product.On the other hand, the easy extraction chlorine in the bottoms and total chlorine all are 23,000ppb, and metal Na concentration is 64ppm.Therefore, chlorine and Na concentrate according to the distillation rate in the bottom, find that the chlorine in this fs distillation tower bottom product is completely fixed into NaCl.
Embodiment 2
Carry out the same steps as described in the embodiment 1, difference is under the following conditions, the bottoms that to extract out from subordinate phase distillation tower bottom reclaims distillation continuously, will be from reclaiming the diphenyl carbonate of distillation tower recovered overhead, be recycled among the preparation embodiment 1 of above-mentioned thick diphenyl carbonate in and in the mixing tank.To operate and carry out about one month continuously.
Being used for diphenyl carbonate, to reclaim distillatory be that number of theoretical plate is the continuous still battery tower that 8 SUS 316-makes, this distillation tower internal diameter is 100mm, highly be 2.5m, have refluxing unit on top and have the material solution feed zone in the mid-way, enriching section and recovery zone are filled with Sulzer filler (by Sumitomo Heavy Machinery Industries Co., Ltd. makes).Regulate this operational condition that reclaims distillation tower as follows: vacuum tightness=2.7kPa; Heating medium oil temperature=about 240 ℃; Head temperature=180 ℃; Reflux ratio=0.5; The residence time=2 hour, bottom; The continuous extraction amount=0.3kg/hr of bottoms.
The result is, from subordinate phase distillation tower top, with the form of overhead product, with the flow of about 22kg/hr, can obtain continuously that cl content is not more than 4ppb and phenol content is the high-purity diphenyl carbonate of 70ppm.After month of operation, open each distillation tower (fs distillation tower, subordinate phase distillation tower and reclaim distillation tower) and check their inner case.Do not detect the trace corrosion.Comparative Examples 1
With the same way as among the embodiment 1, be used for the continuous still battery of purifying, difference is not provide sodium hydroxide solution in thick diphenyl carbonate 1.From the subordinate phase distillation tower, be respectively 50ppb and 90ppb with the easy extraction chlorine in the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester of overhead product form production and total chlorine.Comparative Examples 2
0.1N sodium hydroxide solution with this thick diphenyl carbonate 1 of 2kg and 5mL, be provided to and be filled with Sulzer Labo filler (by Sumitomo Heavy Machinery IndustriesCo., the distillation fraction of distillation tower Ltd. manufacturing), the number of theoretical plate of this distillation tower is 8, is used for the batch distillation of purifying.Distill under the following conditions: vacuum tightness=2.7kPa; Reflux ratio=1; Distillation rate=400g/hr, the temperature of the heating medium that raises gradually is to distill lower-boiling impurity.When the top of tower temperature reached 180 ℃, 180 ℃ was the boiling point of diphenyl carbonate, and the overhead product diphenyl carbonate becomes 5 fractions with each output 300g output at intermittence with fractional separation.In each fraction, the chlorine of extracting out is 50-70ppb easily, and the total chlorine that detects after the heat test is hundreds of ppb.This relatively poor result is the insufficient neutralization owing to the volatility chlorine of the slow decomposition of organochlorine compound and formation, and these situations are because insufficient dispersion (only allowing sodium hydroxide to exist in the bottom) of sodium hydroxide causes.Comparative Examples 3
Step according to Comparative Examples 2 is carried out batch distillation, and difference is that the supply of 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution is 20mL.The chlorine of extracting out easily in the overhead product diphenyl carbonate and total chlorine are respectively 30ppb and 55ppb.Comparative Examples 4
Step according to embodiment 1 is carried out continuous still battery, and difference is the flow with 70mL/hr, the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution is provided to the bottom of fs distillation tower.Chlorine and the total chlorine extracted out easily from the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester overhead product that the subordinate phase distillation obtains are respectively 35ppb and 50ppb.Comparative Examples 5
Step according to embodiment 1 is carried out long continuous still battery, and difference is the flow with 300mL/hr, the 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution is provided to the bottom of fs distillation tower.Chlorine and the total chlorine extracted out easily from the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester that the subordinate phase distillation obtains all are 25ppb, and phenol concentration is 720ppm, and this numerical value is quite high.The phenol amount that distills in the fs distillation is also bigger, causes the accelerate decomposition of diphenyl carbonate during distilling.In addition, after operation beginning one month, find tubercular corrosion in the several position of subordinate phase distillation tower (SUS manufacturing) stilling chamber.
Embodiment 1 and 2 and the reaction conditions of Comparative Examples 1-5 see Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | |
| The distillation type | Continuously | (1 month) continuously |
| The supply of thick DPC | ????28kg/hr | ????28kg/hr |
| 0.1N-NaOH the aqueous solution | ????70mL/hr | ????70mL/hr |
| (supply of NaOH) | ????0.28g/hr | ????0.28g/hr |
| (the thick DPC of NaOH/) | ????10ppm | ????10ppm |
| The alkali feed entrance point | The middle part of fs tower | The middle part of fs tower |
| The distillation rate | ||
| The fs distillation | ????12％ | ????12％ |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????90％ | ????90％ |
| Reclaim distillation | ????90％ | |
| θt | ||
| The fs distillation | ????20min | ????20min |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????1hr | ????1hr |
| Reclaim distillation | ????2hr | |
| The fs distillation | ||
| Bottoms | ||
| H 2O concentration | ????＜10ppm | |
| Pyridine concentration | ????＜1ppm | |
| Phenol concentration | ????50ppm | |
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????2300ppb | |
| Total chlorine | ????2310ppb | |
| Na concentration | ????6.5ppm | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ||
| Overhead product | ||
| Phenol concentration | ????80ppm | ????70ppm |
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????＜4ppb | ????＜4ppb |
| Total chlorine | ????＜4ppb | ????＜4ppb |
| Bottoms | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????2300ppb | |
| Total chlorine | ????2300ppb | |
| Na concentration | ????64ppm | |
| The corrosion situation | There is not corrosion |
Table 1 (continuing)
| Comparative Examples 1 | Comparative Examples 2 | |
| The distillation type | Continuously | Intermittently |
| The supply of thick DPC | ????28kg/hr | ????2kg |
| 0.1N-NaOH the aqueous solution | Do not have | ????5mL |
| (supply of NaOH) | Do not have | ????0.02g |
| (the thick DPC of NaOH/) | Do not have | ????10ppm |
| The alkali feed entrance point | Do not have | Stilling chamber |
| The distillation rate | ||
| The fs distillation | ????12％ | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????90％ | |
| Reclaim distillation | ||
| θt | ||
| The fs distillation | ????20min | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????1hr | |
| Reclaim distillation | ||
| The fs distillation | ||
| Bottoms | ||
| H 2O concentration | ||
| Pyridine concentration | ||
| Phenol concentration | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ||
| Total chlorine | ||
| Na concentration | ||
| The subordinate phase distillation | ||
| Overhead product | ||
| Phenol concentration | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????50ppb | ????50-70ppb |
| Total chlorine | ????90ppb | Hundreds of ppb |
| Bottoms | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ||
| Total chlorine | ||
| Na concentration | ||
| The corrosion situation |
Table 1 (continuing)
| Comparative Examples 3 | Comparative Examples 4 | |
| The distillation type | Intermittently | Continuously |
| The supply of thick DPC | ????2kg | ????28kg/hr |
| 0.1N-NaOH the aqueous solution | ?????20mL | ????70mL |
| (supply of NaOH) | ????0.08g | ????0.28g |
| (the thick DPC of NaOH/) | ????40ppm | ????10ppm |
| The alkali feed entrance point | Stilling chamber | The bottom of fs tower |
| The distillation rate | ||
| The fs distillation | ????12％ | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????90％ | |
| Reclaim distillation | ||
| θt | ||
| The fs distillation | ????20min | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????1hr | |
| Reclaim distillation | ||
| The fs distillation | ||
| Bottoms | ||
| H 2O concentration | ||
| Pyridine concentration | ||
| Phenol concentration | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ||
| Total chlorine | ||
| Na concentration | ||
| The subordinate phase distillation | ||
| Overhead product | ||
| Phenol concentration | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????30ppb | ????35ppb |
| Total chlorine | ????55ppb | ????50ppb |
| Bottoms | ||
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ||
| Total chlorine | ||
| Na concentration | ||
| The corrosion situation |
Table 1 (continuing)
Embodiment 3
| Comparative Examples 5 | |
| The distillation type | (1 month) continuously |
| The supply of thick DPC | ????28kg |
| 0.1N-NaOH the aqueous solution | ????300mL |
| (supply of NaOH) | ????1.2g |
| (the thick DPC of NaOH/) | ????43ppm |
| The alkali feed entrance point | The bottom of fs tower |
| The distillation rate | |
| The fs distillation | ????12％ |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????90％ |
| Reclaim distillation | |
| θt | |
| The fs distillation | ????20min |
| The subordinate phase distillation | ????1hr |
| Reclaim distillation | |
| The fs distillation | |
| Bottoms | |
| H 2O concentration | |
| Pyridine concentration | |
| Phenol concentration | |
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | |
| Total chlorine | |
| Na concentration | |
| The subordinate phase distillation | |
| Overhead product | |
| Phenol concentration | ????720ppm |
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | ????25ppb |
| Total chlorine | ????25ppb |
| Bottoms | |
| The easy chlorine of extracting out | |
| Total chlorine | |
| Na concentration | |
| The corrosion situation | Stilling chamber at the subordinate phase tower has tubercular corrosion |
Respectively with the flow of about 28kg/hr and 70mL/hr, this thick diphenyl carbonate and 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution are provided to continuously the middle portion of fs distillation tower.As the fs distillation tower is that number of theoretical plate is 8,150mm ID, 3.5m high continuous still battery tower, have refluxing unit on top and have the raw material feed zone in the mid-way, its enriching section and recovery zone are filled with Sulzer filler (by Sumitomo Heavy Machinery Industries Co., Ltd. makes).Distill under the following conditions: vacuum tightness=2.7kPa; Reboiler heating medium temperature=220 ℃; Top of tower temperature=80-100 ℃; Reflux ratio=1; Distillation rate=about 12% is anhydrated to remove, free pyridine and unreacted phenol, and their boiling point is lower than diphenyl carbonate.From tower bottom, extract bottoms out with the flow of 24.5kg/hr.In the solution residence time of bottom is 20 minutes.Do not detect water-content (less than 10ppm) in the diphenyl carbonate of extracting out, detected pyridine and phenol content are respectively and do not detect (less than 1ppm) and 50ppm.Easily the chlorine of extracting out is 2, and 700ppb, this numerical value no better than 2, total chlorine of 710ppb.These the possibility of result are because in the fs distillation tower, by with the contacting of sodium hydroxide, in the diphenyl carbonate basically the organochlorine compound branch of all amounts take off.Na concn in the bottoms is 6.5ppm, and the sodium that is illustrated in the sodium hydroxide solution of supply is transferred in the bottoms fully.
Then bottoms is provided in the subordinate phase distillation tower continuously.What be used as the subordinate phase distillation tower is that number of theoretical plate is 8,200mm ID, and the continuous still battery tower that 3.5m is high has refluxing unit and has the raw material feed zone in the mid-way on top, and its enriching section and recovery zone are filled with the Sulzer filler.Distill under the following conditions: pressure=2.7kPa; Reboiler heating medium temperature=about 240 ℃; Top of tower temperature=about 180 ℃; Reflux ratio=0.5; Distillation rate=about 90%.From top of tower, with the flow of 22kg/hr, obtain the diphenyl carbonate of purifying, and,, extract bottoms out with the flow of 2.5kg/hr from tower bottom.In the solution residence time of tower bottom is one hour.Phenol in the purifying dipheryl carbonate ester is 80ppm, and the chlorine of extracting out and total chlorine are all less than 4ppb easily, and assurance can obtain high-purity product.On the other hand, the easy extraction chlorine in the bottoms and total chlorine all are 27, and 000ppb, na concn are 64ppm.According to the distillation rate, in bottoms, concentrate chlorine and sodium, find that the chlorine from the dipheryl carbonate quinone that the fs distillation tower obtains is completely fixed into sodium-chlor.
Embodiment 4
188.5g (0.880 mole) diphenyl carbonate that will obtain at embodiment 2,182.6g (0.800 mole) dihydroxyphenyl propane are (by Shin Nittetsu Chemical Co., Ltd. produce) and as 50 μ l (0.35 μ moles/mole dihydroxyphenyl propane) the 0.18wt% cesium carbonate solution of transesterification catalyst, be provided in the 500ml glass flask that is equipped with agitator and distillation plant, after with nitrogen replacement inside reactor atmosphere, under nitrogen atmosphere, under 210 ℃, the material dissolves that will comprise.After material dissolves fully, under standard atmosphere pressure, this condition was kept one hour.The pressure of reactor is reduced to 13kPa gradually,, this condition was kept one hour to distill out phenol.Thereafter, polymerization temperature is elevated to 240 ℃, simultaneously the pressure in the reactor is reduced to 2.0kPa gradually, and after carrying out polymerization one hour, the pressure that temperature further is elevated in 270 ℃ and the reactor is reduced to 67Pa, continues polymerization one hour.During aforesaid operations, confirm the increase of viscosity, after reclaiming product, by its molecular weight of following evaluation and color.Obtain Mv=17,300 and the polycarbonate of YI=1.4.Molecular weight (Mv):
By Ubbelohde viscometer, under 20 ℃, measuring polycarbonate concentration (C) is the specific viscosity (η sp) of the dichloromethane solution of 0.6g/dl, uses following formula, determines molecular weight by specific viscosity:
ηsp/C＝[η](1+0.28ηsp)
[η]=1.23 * 10
-4(Mv)
0.83Color:
10% polycarbonate solution in methylene dichloride is put into the 25mm-diameter, in the high glass chamber of 55mm, by color measurement instrument (SC-1-CH, by Suga Testing MachinesCo., Ltd. make) measure tristimulus values X, Y and Z, these values are absolute values of color.By following formula, calculate the YI value then, it is the index of flavescence degree:
YI＝100/Y×(1.28X-1.06Z)
Embodiment 5
Carry out the identical step of embodiment 4, difference is to use the diphenyl carbonate that obtains in embodiment 3, obtaining Mv=17, and 300 and the polycarbonate of YI=1.4.
Claims (13)
1. the production method of a diphenyl carbonate, this method comprises by making carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant prepare the step of thick diphenyl carbonate, the purification step that carries out with the continuous still battery of thick diphenyl carbonate by moisture and impurity, this continuous still battery comprises being used for removing anhydrates and boiling point is lower than the fs distillation of the impurity of diphenyl carbonate, subordinate phase distillation with the diphenyl carbonate that is used to reclaim purifying
By alkaline matter being provided and alkaline matter and this lower-boiling impurity counter current contact being carried out this fs distillation.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein in subordinate phase distillation, extract bottoms continuously out and the bottom residence time was adjusted in 5 hours.
3. according to the method for claim 2, further comprise the recovery distillation that is used for further reclaiming diphenyl carbonate from bottoms, wherein extract bottoms continuously out and the bottom residence time was adjusted in 10 hours.
4. according to method any among the claim 1-3, wherein alkaline matter is selected from least a of following material: basic metal, alkaline-earth metal and oxide compound thereof, oxyhydroxide and carbonate.
5. according to the method for claim 4, wherein alkaline matter is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
6. according to method any among the claim 1-5, wherein the cl content in the diphenyl carbonate of purifying (total chlorine) is not more than 20ppb.
7. according to method any among the claim 1-6, wherein the material of distillation tower is an austenitic stainless steel.
8. according to method any among the claim 1-7, the step that wherein prepares thick diphenyl carbonate comprises as follows: under the situation that quaternary ammonium salt, the nitrogenous alkaline compound or its salt of aromatic heterocycle exist, make carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant, the reaction mixture that produces is contacted with neutralise mixt with basic solution, separate organic phase from aqueous phase, with the isolating organic phase of water washing, and separate organic phase from aqueous phase once more.
9. method according to Claim 8, wherein with claim 3 pass through reclaim bottoms that distillation reclaims continuously be recycled in and washing step, wherein this reaction mixture is contacted with basic solution.
10. according to method any among the claim 1-9, wherein by carbonyl chloride and phenol reactant are prepared in the step of thick diphenyl carbonate, to contain the gaseous carbon acyl chlorides that is not less than 0.1 volume % impurity and be used as carbonyl chloride without the liquefaction purifying, under the situation that catalyzer exists, prepare this gaseous carbon acyl chlorides by making carbon monoxide and chlorine reaction.
11., wherein when reaction is carried out, will discharge from reaction zone with the gasiform form together with impurity that is not less than 70wt% and byproduct hydrogen chloride that carbonyl chloride is brought into reaction zone together according to the method for claim 10.
12. according to the method for claim 10 or 11, wherein carbonyl chloride comprises carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, tetracol phenixin and chlorine as impurity, carbon monoxide constitutes the main ingredient of impurity.
13. the production method of an aromatic polycarbonate, this method comprise diphenyl carbonate and the aromatic dihydroxy compound reaction that method any among the claim 1-12 is obtained.
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| RU2014104305A (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2015-08-20 | Байер Интеллектуэль Проперти Гмбх | METHOD FOR PRODUCING DIARYL CARBONATES |
| US9290618B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2016-03-22 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Polycarbonate compositions having enhanced optical properties, methods of making and articles comprising the polycarbonate compositions |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1275541B (en) * | 1965-02-25 | 1968-08-22 | Bayer Ag | Process for the purification of diaryl carbonates |
| DE2509036C2 (en) * | 1975-03-01 | 1986-05-28 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for the preparation of symmetrical diaryl carbonates |
| JP3033062B2 (en) * | 1990-08-21 | 2000-04-17 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of aromatic polycarbonate |
| JPH08198816A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1996-08-06 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Method for purifying diphenyl carbonate |
-
2002
- 2002-02-22 EP EP20020251209 patent/EP1234845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-25 CN CN 02105177 patent/CN1235863C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102219690A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-19 | 浙江手心医药化学品有限公司 | Preparation method for dimethyl dicarbonate |
| CN102219690B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2013-10-02 | 浙江手心医药化学品有限公司 | Preparation method for dimethyl dicarbonate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1234845A3 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| CN1235863C (en) | 2006-01-11 |
| EP1234845B1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| EP1234845A2 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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