CN1352314A - Process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material - Google Patents
Process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1352314A CN1352314A CN 01134145 CN01134145A CN1352314A CN 1352314 A CN1352314 A CN 1352314A CN 01134145 CN01134145 CN 01134145 CN 01134145 A CN01134145 A CN 01134145A CN 1352314 A CN1352314 A CN 1352314A
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Abstract
The present invention is a simple production process of hard phase strengthened metal-base composite material with high efficiency, low power consumption and easy-to-control product quality. After the base metal is smelted or the metal grain is smelted in a crystallizer, the smelted metal and strengthening hard phase material are fast crystallized through electromagnetic field stirring and supersonic vibration inside a water cooled crystallizer to form the produce. Thus formed composite material has two homogeneous mixed and well combined phase, large regulatar system region, fine crystal structure and improved and consistent performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process for producing composite material, particularly a kind of process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material.
Background technology
Reported " hard particles base steel composite material " in document " Wimet " magazine (the 10th volume the 3rd phase 169-173 page or leaf August in 1993), disclose MMC in the report
sThe production technique of metal-base composites (Metal MatrixComposites), described production technique commonly used is powder metallurgy sintered method, is about to suppress after flexible metal matrix powder and staple fibre, whisker and hard insoluble compound particle mix by the predetermined proportion preparation, sintering.The product performance consistence that this technology is produced is poor, a little less than the two-phase bonding force, easily generates crack propagation on two-phase interface, porosity is big, and compactness is poor, has reduced the every mechanical property and the wear resistance of material, and complex manufacturing, product are subjected to the restriction of agglomerating plant, can't produce large-scale workpiece.
The Chinese invention patent patent No. 96116892.7 " Wimet and metal composite production technique ", though this patent of invention has solved above-mentioned defective, but owing to need manufacture consumable electrode in advance, thereby it is long still to have a process cycle, the production cost height, and can't produce thin wall type bimetal hard phase strengthened metal material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of: production technique is simple, good product performance, cost are low, contain the process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material that strengthens the hard phase in the material.
The equipment scheme that solves its technical problem is: this equipment has a worktable, one hole is arranged on the worktable, the cast panel of drawing is arranged in the hole and draw the cast panel riser, on worktable, be connected with water mold, water mold is equipped with magnetic stirrer outward, is connected with feed appliance and tundish on the top of water mold.
Tundish comprises inclusion, control valve, chute, well heater, is connected with control valve in the inclusion, is connected with chute in the bottom of inclusion, and chute communicates with control valve, and inclusion is externally connected with well heater.
Water mold includes water tank, metal liquid level detector, slow cooling cover, sprue cup, the centre bit of water tank is equipped with tubular through hole always, the bottom of water tank is connected with the cooling water inlet, the top is connected with cooling water outlet, the water tank inner top is equipped with the metal liquid level detector, is connected with the slow cooling cover on the top of water tank through hole, is connected with sprue cup on the top of slow cooling cover, sprue cup is externally connected with well heater, and sprue cup adopts refractory materials to make; Water mold or be the combination water cooling crystallizer, the combination water cooling crystallizer is by conductive and water cooled crystallizer, non-conductive water mold, the high-temperature insulation pad, high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics, nonmetal slow cooling cover is formed, conductive and water cooled crystallizer is positioned at non-conductive water mold top, between conductive and water cooled crystallizer and non-conductive water mold, be connected with the high-temperature insulation pad, power supply (K) is equipped with on the top of conductive and water cooled crystallizer, scribble the high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics of one deck on the inwall, the top of non-conductive water mold is connected with nonmetal slow cooling cover, central position at the four plate mold inner chamber is equipped with mandrel, and with draw cast panel and be connected, induction heater is installed on the top of mandrel, the bottom of drawing cast panel is connected to power supply (K), by mixed solution and fluid slag, form (ABCDE) electric loop, power supply (K) is a low-voltage and high-current, and its voltage and current all can be adjusted on a large scale.
Well heater is heated by electrodes device or induction heater, and induction heater is whole annulus or is made of a plurality of small-sized minute body coil that the even number that is distributed as of its small-sized minute body coil is symmetrically distributed.
The process technology scheme that solves its technical problem employing is: at first with a kind of or several enhancing hard preparation in proportion mutually; after mixing, pours in the feed appliance that is placed on the worktable by mixer; matrix metal is prepared and is fused into liquid or make particulate state by required Chemical Composition; pour into have dominant discharge on the worktable tundish in or the particle blanking device in; liquid slag or topped protective material are poured into the sprue cup on water mold top; start induction heater or start consumable electrode; the permanent electrode power supply; make it to slag or the heating of topped protective material; the flowrate control valve of metal liquid tundish or solid particulate blanking device is opened; start simultaneously and strengthen hard phase feed appliance; the strongthener while flows in the water mold according to predetermined amount of flow mutually with hard to make metal liquid or metallic particles; start magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic vibration apparatus; make the two-phase material mixing even; and fast in water mold internal cooling and crystallization; draw and promptly obtain the contain hard phase strengthened metal base composite material that strengthen hard phase identical on the cast panel with the water mold cavity shape; start and draw the cast panel lifting device; with its downward traction; production is carried out continuously, and produced the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material of desired length.
Mandrel is installed in central position at the water mold inner chamber, and the top of mandrel is equipped with ultrasonic vibration apparatus, starts ultrasonic power, repeats above-mentioned technology, can produce the thin-wall bimetal hard and strengthen metal-base composites.
Slag in the water mold is the slag system that urmaterie or multi-component are formed, and its material is CaF
2, Al
2O
3, CaO, MgO, MnO, TiO
2, RE, RexOy, Na
2B
4O
7Reach alkalimetal oxide, muriate, melt salt etc.; Metal-base composites is ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, the intermetallic compound of any composition and comprises rare earth or the ferrous metal of rare earth oxide, non-ferrous metal, intermetallic compound; Strengthening the hard phase material is infusible compounds such as various carbide, nitride, boride, oxide compound, and it is shaped as particle, fiber, whisker, its content is 1%-70%.
Beneficial effect: in the such scheme, use this invention to produce when containing the metal-base composites that strengthens the hard phase, production technique is simple, production efficiency is high; Power consumption is low, and the quality of product is easy to control.Owing to be after matrix metal fusing or metal solid particle are melted in crystallization in this method, with strengthen the hard phase material and in water mold, mix and after ultrasonic vibration handles through electromagnetic field, rapid crystallization and the product that forms, so the two-phase material mixing in its product is more even, and the equiax crystal zone of material is enlarged, make the crystal structure refinement, thereby can obtain the evenly fine very purified tissue of crystal structure and inside, the product performance high conformity, the two-phase bonding force is strong, can reach metallurgical binding and densification fully, thereby improve performance of composites.The physical dimension of its product is not subjected to the restriction of technology, has avoided the defective in the traditional technology production, and can produce the thin-wall bimetal hard phase strengthened metal base composite material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure iron of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure iron of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure iron of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure iron of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure iron of sixth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: in Fig. 1, this equipment has a worktable 21, one hole is arranged on the worktable 21, the cast panel of drawing 23 is arranged in the hole and draw cast panel riser 24, on worktable 21, be connected with water mold 3, outside the water mold 3 magnetic stirrer 20 is installed, is connected with feed appliance 17 and tundish on the top of water mold 3.Tundish includes inclusion 9, control valve 11, chute 8 and well heater 30, and having heaters 30 outside inclusion 9, is connected with control valve 11 in the inclusion 9, is connected with chute 8 in the bottom of inclusion 9, and chute 8 communicates with control valve 11.Water mold 3 has a water tank, the centre bit of water tank is equipped with tubular through hole always, the bottom of water tank is connected with cooling water inlet 2, the top is connected with cooling water outlet 19, the water tank inner top is equipped with metal liquid level detector 28, is connected with slow cooling cover 4 on the top of water tank through hole, is connected with sprue cup 5 on the top of slow cooling cover 4, the sprue cup 5 outer induction heaters 6 that are equipped with, sprue cup 5 adopts refractory materials to make.
During the work beginning, with a kind of or several strengthen hard and 18 prepare mutually by required ratio, strengthen hard and 18 adopt carbide mutually, after mixer mixes, pour in the feed appliance 17, with metal_based material by the preparation of required Chemical Composition after, after being fused into liquid or making solid particulate 25, pour in tundish 9 or the solid particulate blanking device, metal_based material is selected ferrous metal for use, and on metal_based material, covering molten slag 10, molten slag 10 is Na
2B
4O
7And alkalimetal oxide, melt salt, molten slag 10 is poured in sprue cup 5 and the water mold 3, start induction heating device 6 and magnetic stirrer 20, open the flowrate control valve 11 in tundish 9 or the solid particulate blanking device, start and strengthen hard phase feed appliance 17, metal liquid 25 or solid particulate 18 are flowed in the water mold 3 according to predetermined amount of flow mutually simultaneously with the enhancing hard, after induction stirring, make the two-phase material mixing even, and cool off and crystallize into the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1 of water mold 3 cavity shapes fast, start and draw cast panel lifting device 24, its downward traction can be obtained the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1 of desired length.
Embodiment 2: in Fig. 2, at the inner chamber of water mold 3 mandrel 14 of metal or non-metallic material is housed, is connected with mandrel in the upper end of mandrel 14 and controls device 13; Mandrel is controlled device 13 belows ultrasonic vibration apparatus 12 is housed; Scribble the glass protection film 15 of anti-oxidation on mandrel 14 surfaces; 16 pairs of mandrels of preheating induction heater 14 are housed in the mid-way carry out preheating; after mixed solution 7 pours into; glass protection film 15 fusings on mandrel 14 surfaces will be coated in; and after stirring, magnetic stirrer 20 floats; the clean surface of exposing mandrel 14; with strengthen hard mutually metal-base composites 1 reach the excellent metallurgical combination, generate bimetal hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1.12 pairs of mixed solutions 7 of ultrasonic vibration apparatus and xln hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1 carry out ultrasonic vibration to be handled, further crystal grain thinning, improve the quality of products, when using non-metallic material to do mandrel 14, the product of being produced is the hollow tubular product, other process and equipment and embodiment 1 omit together.
Embodiment 3: in Fig. 3, water mold or be the combination water cooling crystallizer, the combination water cooling crystallizer is made up of conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a, non-conductive water mold 35, high-temperature insulation pad 27, high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics, nonmetal slow cooling cover, conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a is positioned at non-conductive water mold 35 tops, between conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a and non-conductive water mold 35, be connected with high-temperature insulation pad 27, scribble the high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics of one deck on the inwall of conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a, nonmetal slow cooling cover is equipped with on the top of non-conductive water mold 35.In combination water cooling crystallizer inner chamber, mandrel 14 is installed, mandrel 14 bottoms with draw cast panel 23 and be connected, the bottom of drawing cast panel 23 is connected with power supply K through power connection 26, preheating induction heating device 26 and ultrasonic vibration apparatus 12 are equipped with in mandrel 14 middle parts, conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a inwall scribbles one deck and has electroconductibility good metal pottery, and its top is connected to the other end of power supply K.
During the work beginning, will draw the top that cast panel 23 is pushed into water mold 3 earlier, and pour molten slag 10 in conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a, molten slag is CaF
2, Al
2O
3Binary or ternary slag system that CaO forms, start power supply K, open the flowrate control valve 11 in tundish or the solid particulate blanking device 9, start and strengthen hard phase feed appliance 17,18 whiles were contained in the conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a of molten slag 10 according to predetermined flow inflow mutually with strengthening hard to make metal liquid or solid particulate 25, by mandrel 14 or draw cast panel 23 and conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a, molten slag 10, mixed solution 7, xln hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1, form ABCDE electricity loop, with the resistance direet-heating type molten slag in the conductive and water cooled crystallizer 3a 10 is heated, to after containing the mixed solution 7 that strengthens the hard phase and carrying out electroslag refining, in non-conductive water mold 35 inner chambers, crystallize into hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1, and keep in the electroslag process not sacrificial electrode.Start and to draw cast panel lifting device 24 its downward traction, get final product the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material 1 of desired length.Power supply K is a low-voltage and high-current, and its voltage and current all can be adjusted on a large scale, and mandrel 14 materials in the graphite mold are metallic substance, its shape promptly can be solid also can be hollow.Non-conductive water mold 35 in the combination water cooling crystallizer is equipped with nonmetal slow cooling cover 4.Other technological process and equipment and embodiment 1,2 omit together.
Embodiment 4: in Fig. 4, molten slag 10 in the water mold 3 or solid slag are by consumable electrode or permanent electrode 29, draw cast panel 23, power supply K, form electric loop through ABCDE, it is carried out resistive heating and fusing, carry out electroslag refining with mixture to reinforced composite, when using permanent electrode, metallic substance in the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material promptly can be that liquid state 25 can also be powdery or particulate state, the shape of consumable electrode or permanent electrode 29 promptly can be real core, can also be hollow, can also add metal or nonmetal mandrel 14 according to product requirement in the water mold 3, between water mold 3 and worktable 21, be connected with high-temperature insulation pad 27.Other technological process and equipment and embodiment 1,2,3 omit together.
Embodiment 5: in Fig. 5, a plurality of small-sized induction heaters 31 are installed in the outside of sprue cup 5, and be star-shaped arrangement around sprue cup, its quantity is 4 and is the even number symmetric arrangement, to guarantee that intermediate frequency magnetic line of force heating intensity can only be with metal solid particle 25 fusings that enter in the sprue cup 5, and only top layer fusion of metal mandrel 14, thereby use the two golden hard phase strengthened metal base composite materials of metal solid particle manufacture, make hard phase reinforced composite and mandrel 14 reach metallurgical binding.All the other production processes and equipment and embodiment 1,2 omit together.
Embodiment 6: in Fig. 6, connect closed cabinet 34 outside equipment, closed cabinet 34 is connected with vacuum pump 33 by pipeline, is connected with inflation valve nozzle 32 on the closed cabinet 34, can charge into inert gas by inflation valve nozzle 32 in closed cabinet.
During work, at first equipment is vacuumized, equipment is at this moment worked under the vacuum shape; Perhaps equipment vacuumizes the back by inflation valve nozzle 32, charges into rare gas element in equipment, and production at this moment is to work under protection of inert gas.No matter be vacuum state or charge into the protection of inert gas state, all reduce obnoxious flavour and inclusion and enter in the reinforced composite, prevent from simultaneously the metal_based material solution oxide that dissolves from further to have improved quality product.Other production process and equipment and embodiment 1 omit together.
Claims (7)
1; a kind of process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material; it is characterized in that: at first with a kind of or several enhancing hard preparation in proportion mutually; after mixing, pours in the feed appliance that is placed on the worktable by mixer; matrix metal is prepared and is fused into liquid or make particulate state by required Chemical Composition; pour into have dominant discharge on the worktable tundish in or the particle blanking device in; liquid slag or topped protective material are poured in the sprue cup or water mold on water mold top; start induction heater or start consumable electrode; the permanent electrode power supply; make it to slag or the heating of topped protective material; the flowrate control valve of metal liquid tundish or solid particulate blanking device is opened; start simultaneously and strengthen hard phase feed appliance; the strongthener while flows in the water mold according to predetermined amount of flow mutually with hard to make metal liquid or metallic particles; start magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic vibration apparatus; make the two-phase material mixing even; and cooling and crystallization fast in water mold; draw and promptly obtain the contain hard phase strengthened metal base composite material that strengthen hard phase identical on the cast panel with the water mold cavity shape; start and draw the cast panel lifting device; with its downward traction; production is carried out continuously, and produced the hard phase strengthened metal base composite material of desired length.
2, process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: plug is installed in the central position of water mold inner chamber, the top of plug is equipped with ultrasonic vibration apparatus, repeat above-mentioned technology, can produce the thin-wall bimetal hard phase strengthened metal base composite material.
3, process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the slag in the water mold is the slag system that urmaterie or multi-component are formed, and its material is CaF
2, Al
2O
3, CaO, MgO, MnO, TiO
2, RE, RexOy, Na
2B
4O
7Reach alkalimetal oxide, muriate, melt salt etc.; Metal_based material is ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, the intermetallic compound of any composition and comprises rare earth or the ferrous metal of rare earth oxide, non-ferrous metal, intermetallic compound; Strengthening the hard phase material is infusible compounds such as various carbide, nitride, boride, oxide compound, and it is shaped as particle, fiber, whisker, its content is 1%-70%.
4, a kind of equipment of realizing process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material, it is characterized in that: this equipment has a worktable, one hole is arranged on the worktable, the cast panel of drawing is arranged in the hole and draw the cast panel riser, on worktable, be connected with water mold, water mold is equipped with magnetic stirrer outward, is connected with feed appliance and tundish on the top of water mold.
5, the equipment of process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: tundish comprises inclusion, control valve, chute, well heater, be connected with control valve in the inclusion, bottom at inclusion is connected with chute, chute communicates with control valve, and inclusion is externally connected with well heater.
6, the equipment of process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: water mold comprises water tank, metal liquid level detector, slow cooling cover, sprue cup, the centre bit of water tank is equipped with tubular through hole always, the bottom of water tank is connected with the cooling water inlet, the top is connected with cooling water outlet, the water tank inner top is equipped with the metal liquid level detector, be connected with the slow cooling cover on the top of water tank through hole, top at the slow cooling cover is connected with sprue cup, sprue cup is externally connected with well heater, and sprue cup adopts refractory materials to make; Water mold or be the combination water cooling crystallizer, the combination water cooling crystallizer is made up of conductive and water cooled crystallizer, non-conductive water mold, high-temperature insulation pad, high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics, conductive and water cooled crystallizer is positioned at non-conductive water mold top, between conductive and water cooled crystallizer and non-conductive water mold, be connected with the high-temperature insulation pad, scribble the high temperature resistant conductivity ceramics of one deck on the inwall of conductive and water cooled crystallizer, the top of non-conductive water mold connects nonmetal slow cooling cover.
7, the equipment of process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: well heater is heated by electrodes device or induction heater, well heater is whole ring-type or is made of a plurality of small-sized minute body coil that the even number that is distributed as of its middle-size and small-size split coil is symmetrically distributed in around the outside of sprue cup.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01134145 CN1117165C (en) | 2001-11-03 | 2001-11-03 | Process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01134145 CN1117165C (en) | 2001-11-03 | 2001-11-03 | Process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material |
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| CN1117165C CN1117165C (en) | 2003-08-06 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100344777C (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-10-24 | 东北大学 | Preparation of copper-chromium alloy contact material by aluminothermal reduction-electromagnetic casting process |
| CN100368586C (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-02-13 | 上海大学 | High voltage puls supply unit with fining metal solidification component |
| CN101775518A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-07-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for preparing particle-reinforced gradient composite materials by using ultrasonic waves |
| CN101829777A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-09-15 | 丁家伟 | Process and equipment for preparing nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite material |
| CN101020973B (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2010-12-08 | 丁刚 | Process and apparatus for making multicomponent phase reinforced composite metal material |
| CN102672125A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-09-19 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Continuous casting equipment and method of gradient steel materials |
| CN102814471A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-12 | 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 | Process and equipment for casting large-size aluminum ingots |
| CN104487192A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-04-01 | 第六元素公司 | Polycrystalline material, bodies comprising same, tools comprising same and method for making same |
| WO2016184237A1 (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | 江苏大学 | 6x82 aluminium-based composite material for use in automobile control arm and preparation method thereof |
| CN109080237A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-25 | 四川皇龙智能破碎技术股份有限公司 | A kind of multilayer alloying pellet large area composite material |
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2001
- 2001-11-03 CN CN 01134145 patent/CN1117165C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100344777C (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-10-24 | 东北大学 | Preparation of copper-chromium alloy contact material by aluminothermal reduction-electromagnetic casting process |
| CN100368586C (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-02-13 | 上海大学 | High voltage puls supply unit with fining metal solidification component |
| CN101020973B (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2010-12-08 | 丁刚 | Process and apparatus for making multicomponent phase reinforced composite metal material |
| CN101829777A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-09-15 | 丁家伟 | Process and equipment for preparing nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite material |
| CN101775518A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-07-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for preparing particle-reinforced gradient composite materials by using ultrasonic waves |
| CN102814471A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-12 | 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 | Process and equipment for casting large-size aluminum ingots |
| CN102672125A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-09-19 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Continuous casting equipment and method of gradient steel materials |
| CN104487192A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-04-01 | 第六元素公司 | Polycrystalline material, bodies comprising same, tools comprising same and method for making same |
| WO2016184237A1 (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | 江苏大学 | 6x82 aluminium-based composite material for use in automobile control arm and preparation method thereof |
| CN109080237A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-25 | 四川皇龙智能破碎技术股份有限公司 | A kind of multilayer alloying pellet large area composite material |
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| CN1117165C (en) | 2003-08-06 |
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Assignee: Maanshan Xingxin Machinery Materials Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Ding Gang Contract fulfillment period: 2009.6.12 to 2014.6.11 contract change Contract record no.: 2009340000172 Denomination of invention: Process for producing hard phase strengthened metal base composite material Granted publication date: 20030806 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.8.14 |
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