CN1347583A - Active material low power electrical switching mechanism and drive circuit therefor - Google Patents
Active material low power electrical switching mechanism and drive circuit therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1347583A CN1347583A CN00806445A CN00806445A CN1347583A CN 1347583 A CN1347583 A CN 1347583A CN 00806445 A CN00806445 A CN 00806445A CN 00806445 A CN00806445 A CN 00806445A CN 1347583 A CN1347583 A CN 1347583A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
- H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
- H01H83/22—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other condition being imbalance of two or more currents or voltages
- H01H83/226—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other condition being imbalance of two or more currents or voltages with differential transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/127—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive trip units
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
Abstract
A drive circuit for a residual current device comprises a transformer having a first and second primary coil each having n1 turns, and a secondary coil having n2 turns arranged to output a drive voltage responsive to any current imbalance between the respective electric currents flowing in the first and second primary coils. In order to achieve as high a drive voltage as possible the transformer is arranged to saturate at a relatively low level of current imbalance thus causing the back-EMF voltage generated across the secondary coil to spike resulting in a low power high voltage drive signal being output. Preferably, the secondary coil output is rectified, smoothed, and multiplied before being used as a drive signal for an active material bender used as an actuator in a circuit breaker mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric switchgear, relate more specifically to and to be used for for example this device of residual current circuit-breaker of electric safety means, and relate to the electric drive circuit that is suitable for this device.
Background technology of the present invention
In we International Patent Application WO-A-98/40917 early, the electricity that we disclose a kind of novel form starts mechanical trip, and this device that we are called starter utilizes the material of piezoelectric ceramic for example to improve the displacement performance of active material bending formula transducer.A feature of all active materials is that their are inefficient relatively, has coupling coefficient between the drive unit and the output of a few percent.Therefore, use the starter of this material often to need high electric field or magnetic field., we have found that except this shortcoming, utilize the starter of active material bending formula transducer can produce product with good mechanical properties.
The field of the invention is a residual current equipment, is called RCD.This term comprises residual current circuit-breaker with current limitation ability and the overload residual current circuit breaker with circuit restricted portion.
RCD should equate and opposite principle according to streaming current in live wire and the zero line, works by comparing these electric currents.Leakage of current is represented in variation in this electric current, this ordinary representation fire-prone or electrocute people's danger.
RCD is with many form manufacturings, for example adapter, plug, electrical socket and consumer device.At aspect of performance, this equipment can be divided into two particular types.
The circuit relevant device uses electronic circuit to handle and measures difference current and trigger starter then, and this starter disconnects circuit.The advantage of these equipment is flexibly and firm, because their break opening contact can select to be provided with by thresholding resistance, and the action of opening circuit do not rely on the energy between age at failure, because electronic circuit can ask power supply to provide power for starter.
The energy of circuit unrelated equipment operational failure self starts the action of opening circuit.This is normally by using the permanent magnet relay to realize.The principle of permanent-magnet relay is known, but generally speaking a removable metal parts remains on the primary importance by the permanent magnet that is fit to that has twined coil.Be connected in the belt transformer that twines magnet coil and inducing an electric current when fault current flows through it.This electric current, is released up to removable part so that the magnetic field of its generation is opposite with the magnetic field of permanent magnet by rectification.For carrying out highly sensitive relaying, the contact surface of metal parts must be especially smooth, and this system must whole cleaning.Smooth and assembling is processed therefore expensive.
Our International Patent Application WO 98/40917 discloses the novel starter that is suitable for active material, is called the plane bimorph.Same application also discloses a kind of method, is used for releasing device is used this starter.This system needs big voltage so that work and this voltage at present can not middle generations in the circuit system without interaction.
The present invention's general introduction
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sensor circuit, can produce the low-power high voltage signal, this signal can be used for the irrelevant electric switchgear of driver circuit.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of electric switchgear, and this device is driven by sensor circuit, and wherein output is converted into high voltage.For satisfying above-mentioned purpose, according to first aspect present invention, a kind of drive circuit that is used for residual current equipment is provided, this circuit comprises a transformer with first primary coil and second primary coil, and secondary coil is designed to such an extent that the response flow any current imbalance between the electric current separately of crossing first and second primary coils provides outputting drive voltage; This transformer further is designed on the current imbalance level less than expression fault condition level saturated.
In drive circuit preferred embodiment according to first aspect present invention, the voltage commutation device also is provided, be designed to the rectification outputting drive voltage.In addition, preferred embodiment preferably also comprises voltage multiplier, is designed to outputting drive voltage is multiplied to operation level.
In addition, it is many that the saturation level of transformer is preferably lower than the current imbalance level of expression fault condition, becomes current imbalance level 50% place that represents fault condition in being connected the circuit of drive circuit of the present invention saturated with this design of transformer in a preferred embodiment.
Preferably, each has equal number circle n1 first primary coil and second primary coil, and secondary coil has circle n2, and wherein n2 is greater than n1, and therefore the coupling between primary coil and the primary coil provides primary coil boosting at primary coil.
The outputting drive voltage that drive circuit of the present invention produces is preferably used in the preferred embodiment to start the active material bending formula transducer that piezoelectric ceramic is made.
Feature according to the drive circuit of first aspect present invention is that this transformer saturated each saturation pulse that makes on the current imbalance level less than break opening contact produces big reverse EMF on secondary coil.This feature provides advantage, and promptly as high voltage but lower powered reverse EMF can be used for the active material bending formula transducer that the drive pressure electroceramics is made, this transducer produces the needed low-power high voltage electric field of operate as normal.
Except drive circuit is provided, according to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of electric switchgear, comprises that a design of drive circuit according to first aspect present invention becomes to drive the electric starter device; This device comprises that also an electric switchgear is designed to respond above-mentioned electric starter device and disconnects one or several and be installed in contact in the circuit when drive circuit detects fault condition in the circuit.
According to second aspect, the electric switchgear of electric switchgear preferably includes a plane framework element that the rip cutting passage is installed, a planar slide element design becomes to be contained in the rip cutting passage, be designed to the planar slide element is locked in the vertical passage with locking device, this locking device response electric starter device locks or discharges this sliding members to be switched on or switched off one or several electric contact.
Preferably, this electric starter device comprises a flat surface active material bending formula transducer, as International Patent Application WO 98/40917 is disclosed in early days, understand the essential features of wanting required for the present invention at this in conjunction with the conduct reference.
In a preferred embodiment, flat surface active material bending formula transducer designs becomes to be laminated to the plane framework element, so that produce low profile equipment.In this design,, active material bending formula transducer just shifts out the locking device action plane when playing the electric starter effect in case further being designed to start.
In addition, in certain preferred embodiment, locking device comprises that a rotatable detent design becomes locking sliding members when being remained on primary importance by electric starter.When electric starter comprised this active material bending formula transducer, owing to shift out the locking device action plane in case start this active material bending formula transducer, rotatable ratchet was released rotation and discharges to allow sliding members.
In electric switchgear preferred embodiment, also provide a reed component to be designed to sliding members is offset out the vertical passage of installing in the frame element according to second aspect present invention.
Feature according to the electric switchgear of second aspect present invention is that the big relatively mechanical movement that discharges the sliding members form can be obtained by relatively little electric starter device motion.This has advantage, and device promptly of the present invention is particularly suitable for using and is utilizing for example active material bending formula transducer of this material of piezoelectric ceramic, and the high driving electric field of this material require produces relatively little motion.In case another advantage of the present invention is to discharge the big relatively motion of sliding members can be used to trigger other device, for example circuit breaker apparatus.
Brief description
For more easily understanding the present invention, mode describes embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of example now, among the figure:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram according to first aspect present invention drive circuit preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 represents can be used as according to second aspect present invention the exploded perspective view of the releasing device of switching device;
The releasing device of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2 assemblings is along the sectional view of A-A line; With
Fig. 4 is a circuit block diagram, represents the interaction between drive circuit of the present invention and the switching device.
The preferred embodiment explanation
As noted earlier, the present invention has two aspects, is respectively a drive circuit and an electric switchgear, and this switching device utilizes drive circuit to produce necessary driving voltage.Drive circuit preferred embodiment according to first aspect present invention will be described at Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1, comprise a ring-shaped transformer 70 according to the drive circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this transformer have first primary coil 66 be designed to carry from voltage source 64 for example the power firestreak contact to the load current i1 of load 74.This first primary coil 66 comprises a single circle around transformer 70 ring-like core bodys.Second primary coil 72 further comprises around the single circle of ring-like core body and is designed to carry the current i 2 that turns back to voltage source 64 zero line contacts from load 74.Except first and second primary coils, on ring-shaped transformer 70 core bodys, also provide secondary coil 68 to comprise that a plurality of circles are around the transformer core body.Induction output voltage E on secondary coil 68 two ends is fed to diode bridge rectifier 76 rectifications, and passing to voltage multiplier 61 then from the driving voltage after secondary coil 68 rectifications is operating voltage V with outputting drive voltage E voltage multiplication.In a preferred embodiment, also be connected to diode bridge rectifier 76 two ends by a smmothing capacitor 78 in case after level and smooth rectification before voltage multiplier 61 multiplication voltage.Voltage multiplier 61 can be any conspicuous for those skilled in the art conventional multiplying assembly or circuit element.
Although be expressed as before multiplier 61 multiplications by diode bridge rectifier 76 rectifications from secondary coil outputting drive voltage E in shown in Figure 1 and the foregoing description, this order is not that work of the present invention is necessary, the reversed in order of certainly possible rectifier 76 and multiplier 61 is so can be doubled by multiplier 61 before by bridge rectifier 76 rectifications from the AC voltage of secondary coil output.
In addition, in other embodiments of the invention, how to be used according to the secondary coil outputting drive voltage, any one of rectifier 76 or two (comprising smmothing capacitor 78) and voltage multiplier 61 can omit from drive circuit of the present invention.
In this embodiment, drive circuit of the present invention is worked on RCD as sensing device, transformer particularly is installed is allowed accurately current imbalance detection, as explaining in more detail below.Preferably, primary coil 66 and 72 includes only a circle, and secondary coil 68 has many circles, and usually more than 100.High permeability material for example tweezer ferroalloy is used to increase the total inductance of this system.
Drive circuit of the present invention with said structure is worked in the following manner.The voltage that produces on ring-shaped transformer 70 two ends be reverse EMF and primary coil in any one change of electric current opposite, and given by known formula E=-Ldi/dt.In home, promptly when not breaking down condition, electric current is equal and opposite separately in live wire coil 66 (I1) and the zero line coil (IN), so current related separately magnetic field is cancelled, therefore has only seldom or do not have induced current in secondary coil 68.
If because for example the fault condition that shocked by electricity of short circuit or human body makes and introduces electric current I 1 part and flow out load, cross two primary coils with current related separately magnetic field flow and destroyed and equate and opposite, cause the induced voltage in the secondary coil 68.Beginning, inductive waveform are the sine waves and fault current coupling that has same frequency and a phase place with voltage source 64, and still ring-shaped transformer is designed to output voltage waveforms E saturated and secondary coil 74 two ends and becomes sharp type when fault current increases.This is a shortcoming in traditional electrical machinery relay, because power division reduces.Piezoelectricity and electrostriction material need very low-power especially and need high electric field so that work.As mentioned above, the output voltage of inductor is calculated by formula E=-Ldi/dt, and wherein E is that voltage, L are system's inductance and di/dt is the change speed of electric current to the time.The very high di/dt of the saturated generation of magnetic core is so the secondary coil both end voltage raises.The present invention utilizes this performance so that produced the high voltage of beginning by ring-shaped transformer.Preferably, magnetic core of transformer is designed in numerical value 50% left and right sides of opening circuit saturated, this numerical value that opens circuit be the expression fault condition two primary coils between the current imbalance level.
In preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1, preferably rectification and level and smooth in smmothing capacitor 78 in bridge diode circuit 76 of the induction voltage waveform E at secondary coil two ends.Rectification and level and smooth signal are presented then to voltage multiplier circuit 61 like this, double conventional multiple for example two or three times reach operation level V.Output signal V can be used to drive electric switchgear then, discusses as the back.
In alternate embodiment, also provide a pierce circuit to become the switch of control by secondary current with suitable control chip and design according to the first aspect present invention drive circuit.This operation class is similar to the work of on-off mode power supply, wherein cuts off electric current suddenly and be used to produce a high-voltage pulse in inductor, and the timing of wherein opening circuit is by the voltage control at reference resistor two ends.If this switch utilizes pierce circuit to carry out with unusual fast speed, then can produce high voltage.By control generator frequency and work period, then can produce necessary operating voltage according to ring-shaped transformer.For realizing being fit to voltage, also need to annulus output rectification with also to chip for driving output rectification.This utilizes two diode rectifiers in the example to carry out.
Except the drive circuit that is provided for RCD, also provide a kind of electric switchgear according to second aspect present invention, this device utilizes drive circuit to represent fault condition and starting switch and describe with reference to Fig. 2 and 3 according to the preferred electric switchgear of second aspect present invention.
Electric switchgear according to the embodiment of the invention and expression in the accompanying drawings is made of many layer sheetings.Select the relative thickness of different layers at the application of the difference in functionality of each layer execution and the material that utilizes.When for example handling this ad hoc structure, material is a metal tape, wherein controls to the acceptable limit easily by processed thickness.The thickness that has been found that 0.15 millimeter to 0.2 millimeter is more suitable, but other thickness can be used for the material of some layer.In fact these layers not necessarily must be metal or conductor, can make advantageous insulation or lubricating layer with suitable plastic material in some cases.
Switching device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate 10, and other layer of a pile has been installed on it, and this piles up from substrate 10 beginning and sequentially comprises a framework 12, a separator 14 and a plane bimorph cell layer 16.Slide in the vertical passage 30 that further provides a sliding members 18 to be designed to form in framework 12, this slide block is formed by the extension 32 of stretching out vertical passage openend in the framework 12.
Before the work of describing said apparatus, importantly in the understanding frame 12 vertical passages 30 be given shape so that slide block 18 also can a little laterally or rotatablely move, although under spring 36 effects on the arrow directions X grand movement point-blank.Vertical passage narrows down near the access portal end, so that restriction is by the bump of the slide block that forms than the passage 64 narrow wideer bossings 46 of openend.Ratchet 40 also has semi-circular portions 48, and this partial design becomes to be contained in the vertical passage counterpart 50, so that can move (being expressed as clockwise in the drawings) along arrow A direction band angle ground in vertical passage.This ratchet further is made of the groove 52 that forms, and this groove design becomes to hold the projection 54 away from correspondingly-shaped on slide block 18 1 ends of spring 36.To provide specific explosive force and this slide block that other angled locking surface 56 also is installed, this surface design becomes slidably to mesh the corresponding angle locking surface 58 that is installed on the framework 12 by careful design for the projection of converging 54 and the shape and size of groove 52.Each locking surface 56 and 58 angle make the power that spring 36 is applied on the slide block 18 when slide block 18 is locked make locking surface 56 push locking surfaces 58, the reaction force that is produced by locking surface 58 makes in slide block 18 upper edge arrow B directions and has applied rotational motion, as expression counterclockwise among the figure.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the sectional view of each layer of assembling back.With reference to Fig. 3, can see that piezoelectric bimorph 16 is equipped with a pin element 44, this element stretches out and ratchet 40 engagements by the perforate 42 that is installed in separator.Usually, the degree of depth of pin element 44 corresponding separators 14 and slide block 18, and 0.35mm normally.This pin element 44 is installed in the working end of piezoelectric bimorph 16, and when being energized with convenient piezoelectric bimorph 16, pin element 44 moves out ratchet 40 Plane of rotations to a certain degree in the arrow C direction, makes ratchet 40 become arbitrarily and rotates on the arrow A direction.In Fig. 3, be installed in shown in the ratchet 40 on the bearing 41 that provides on the separator 14 (not shown), although it also may be installed on the bearing 41 on the substrate 10.
Get back to the work of this device of explanation now, let us supposes that each layer quilt all assemble, piling another layer as shown in Figure 3 on one deck, and the position of slide block in passage 30 be so that locking surface 58 engagements on locking surface 56 and the framework 12, and therefore spring 36 is compressed between spring base 37 and 38.Surface 56 and 58 is angled so that spring force is converted into the revolving force that arrow B is represented.Projection 54 restrictions on the slide block 18 that this rotation is limited by ratchet 40 upper grooves 52.Ratchet 40 limits at the pin element 44 that moving through of arrow A direction is installed on piezoelectric bimorph 16 movable terminals.
When this device was activated, the signal of telecommunication was applied on the piezoelectric bimorph 16, made the bimorph bending, so that pin 44 is upwards pulled out the engagement of paper and disengaging and the ratchet 40 of Fig. 2 on the arrow C direction in Fig. 3.The projection of converging 54 and the surface configuration of groove 52 with apply at spring 36 converge under the power effect surface 56 and 58 shapes combine, make slide block 18 beginnings in arrow B direction pivoted, force ratchet 40 immediately when the arrow A direction is rotated up to ratchet 40 release projection 54, this allows at first free movement on the camber direction of arrow B direction of slide block 18, move at the arrow directions X subsequently, so that the extension 32 of slide block 18 can be used to start other device or equipment, for example circuit breaker apparatus.
For resetting and locking this device again, suppose not have the signal of telecommunication to be applied on the bimorph 16, so that pin 44 is at its upper/lower positions.By with the directions X rightabout on to spring 36 moving sliders 18, spring 36 is compressed and is moved through locking projections 58 with slide block and is contained in the groove 52 on the ratchet to allow projection 54 on this end of slide block.Ratchet is offset with the rightabout slight elastic force of arrow A direction, keeps this to catch the position so that allow projection 54 to be caught with pin 44 by groove.
Should be understood that according to the above description, because extrusion spring 36 is by the explosive force of locking surface 56 and 58 reaction forces that produce, projection 53 and groove 52, the necessary all careful balances of recovery elastic force of ratchet 40, so that realize operate as normal.More particularly, though those skilled in the art can carry out big change, should admit to return ratchet 40 must be less than the reaction forces of angled locking surface 56 and 58 generations under spring 36 extruding with the explosive force sums that projection 54 angled surfaces produce to the recovery elastic force and the groove 52 of latched position effect, and slide block 18 is released when being activated with convenient piezoelectric bimorph element.If do not adhere to this condition, then locking surface 56 and 58 reaction force can not overcome the restoring force of the explosive force and the ratchet of groove projection, and slide block can not discharge.
Because the little depth of engagement and release force might utilize the system of the big motion generation of plane bimorph according to low-power operation.
Can think that said structure can be manufactured into virtually any size.In fact, because the stratiform characteristic of this structure is very suitable for micromachining technology.In addition, although electric starter of the present invention is described to piezoelectric bimorph, other electric starter also can use, particularly electrical relay, armature or motion coil magnet., drive circuit is particularly suitable for operating piezoelectric bimorph, because it can be by operating for example high voltage field of piezoelectric bimorph of active material bending formula transducer.
Fig. 4 represents block diagram, illustrates according to the drive circuit of first aspect present invention with according to the electric switchgear of second aspect present invention how to be integrated in together.More specifically, with reference to Fig. 4, pair of contact switch 63 is installed in the live wire circuit between ring-shaped transformer 70 and the load 74, is designed to interrupt this live wire circuit and the policy electric current by ring-shaped transformer 70.Contact 63 is mechanically connected to electric switchgear of the present invention, is labeled as 62 in the drawings.More specifically, contact 63 preferably is mechanically connected on the extension 32 of electric switchgear slide block 18, and electric contact 63 is disconnected when being designed to discharge with the latched positions of convenient slide block 18 in vertical passage 30, causes extension 32 to reach outside passage 30 ends to a certain degree.Contact 63 can be directly installed on the extension 32 of slide block 18, or a mechanical fastener or other device can be installed between slide block 18 and the electric contact 63.
Therefore, at work, suppose that electric contact 63 is switched on and flows through electric current by load 74, as the outputting drive voltage E at the reverse EMF at secondary coil two ends, ring-shaped transformer 70 works to detect the electric current I 1 that flows through and any current imbalance between the In in live wire and zero line separately by output.If desired, this output voltage E is then by rectification, with be fed to voltage multiplier 61 with this voltage multiplication to operating voltage V, operating voltage V is designed to be fit to be applied on the piezoelectric bimorph bending formula transducer 16, so that start the action plane that ratchet 40 is left in piezoelectric bimorph 16 bendings, thus slide block 18 discharged and break contact 63 from vertical passage 30.
Then this design has constituted especially effectively low-power circuit unrelated equipment.
Claims (16)
1. drive circuit that is used for residual current equipment, this circuit comprise that one has first primary coil and second primary coil and one and is designed to response flow and crosses first and second primary coils any current imbalance and the transformer of the secondary coil of outputting drive voltage is provided between the electric current separately; This transformer further is designed on the current imbalance level less than the level of representing fault condition saturated.
2. according to a kind of drive circuit of claim 1 with further comprise the voltage commutation device, this device is designed to this outputting drive voltage of rectification.
3. according to a kind of drive circuit of claim 1 or 2 with further comprise the voltage multiplication device, this device is designed to outputting drive voltage is multiplied to operating voltage.
4. according to a kind of drive circuit of one of any claim in front, it is saturated on the current imbalance level 50% of expression fault condition that wherein said design of transformer becomes.
5. according to a kind of drive circuit of one of any claim in front, each has the n1 circle wherein said first primary coil and described second primary coil, and described secondary coil has the n2 circle, wherein n2＞n1.
6. according to a kind of drive circuit of one of any claim in front, wherein said outputting drive voltage is used to start an active material bending formula transducer.
7. electrically opening and closing mechanism comprises the drive circuit of one of any claim in front being designed to drive an electric starter device; This mechanism comprises that further an electric switchgear is designed to respond described electric starter device and disconnects one or several and be installed in contact in the circuit when drive circuit detects various condition in the circuit.
8. according to a kind of electrically opening and closing mechanism of claim 7, wherein this electric switchgear comprises that has the vertically plane framework element of (profiled) passage; A planar slide element is designed to be accommodated in the vertical passage; And locking device, device locking of response electric starter or release sliding members are to be switched on or switched off one or several electric contact.
9. according to the mechanism of claim 7 or 8, wherein electric starter comprises a flat surface active material bending formula transducer.
10. according to the mechanism of claim 9, wherein flat surface active material bending formula transducer layer is pressed on the described plane framework element.
11. according to the mechanism of claim 10, in case wherein active material bending formula transducer further is designed to start the working face that just shifts out locking device.
12. according to claim 9,10 or 11 mechanism, further comprise a planar isolated layer elements, be laminated between described flat surface active material bending formula transducer and the described plane framework element.
13. according to any one mechanism of claim 8 to 12, wherein said locking device comprises a rotatable ratchet that is designed to locking sliding members when being remained on primary importance by electric starter.
14. mechanism according to claim 13, wherein said rotatable ratchet further has shaping groove, this groove design becomes to hold the projection that is installed in corresponding moulding on the sliding members, wherein in locked mode of operation, prevent rotatable ratchet rotation by described electric starter, so that described moulding projection is maintained in the described shaping groove, to lock described sliding members, with in being released mode of operation, this electric starter motion is rotated to allow described rotatable ratchet, thus described moulding projection is freed from described shaping groove, to discharge described sliding members.
15. according to any one mechanism in the claim 8 to 14, wherein said vertical passage has the locking surface of first angle, with the locking surface that sliding members has second angle, this design makes that the locking surface of described second angle is maintained at the locking surface of described first angle when described sliding members is locked and is connected engagement slidably.
16. according to any one mechanism in the claim 8 to 15, further comprise a spring assembly, this device is designed so that the described sliding members described vertical passage of setovering out.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9908930.2 | 1999-04-19 | ||
| GBGB9908930.2A GB9908930D0 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 1999-04-19 | Active material low power electrical switching mechanism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1347583A true CN1347583A (en) | 2002-05-01 |
Family
ID=10851825
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00806445A Pending CN1347583A (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2000-04-18 | Active material low power electrical switching mechanism and drive circuit therefor |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1171935B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002542754A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1347583A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4583800A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60003305T2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9908930D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1041620B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000064022A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1314357B1 (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2002-12-09 | Abb Ricerca Spa | LOW VOLTAGE POWER SWITCH WITH IMPROVED FUNCTIONALITY |
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| WO2002050856A1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Trip for circuit breaker |
| DE10112563A1 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-19 | Kopp Heinrich Ag | Device for actuating a trigger mechanism |
| US9226699B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2016-01-05 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Body fluid sampling module with a continuous compression tissue interface surface |
| US9795747B2 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2017-10-24 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Methods and apparatus for lancet actuation |
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| US9427532B2 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2016-08-30 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Tissue penetration device |
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| US9795334B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2017-10-24 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
| US8579831B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2013-11-12 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
| US8784335B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2014-07-22 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Body fluid sampling device with a capacitive sensor |
| US7713214B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2010-05-11 | Pelikan Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with optical analyte sensing |
| US7547287B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2009-06-16 | Pelikan Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue |
| US9314194B2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Tissue penetration device |
| US8574895B2 (en) | 2002-12-30 | 2013-11-05 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels |
| WO2006001797A1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2006-01-05 | Pelikan Technologies, Inc. | Low pain penetrating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1102254B (en) * | 1959-08-19 | 1961-03-16 | Siemens Ag | Current-dependent switching relays or releases, especially bimetallic overcurrent releases |
| IT1088165B (en) * | 1977-10-31 | 1985-06-10 | Elettrocondutture | SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS, OF THE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER TYPE WITH RELEASE |
| FR2622369B1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1990-02-09 | Serd Soc Et Realisa Disjonct | SELECTIVE DIFFERENTIAL SWITCH WITH FAULT CURRENT |
| GB9704769D0 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1997-04-23 | Powerbreaker Plc | Low component count release mechanism |
-
1999
- 1999-04-19 GB GBGB9908930.2A patent/GB9908930D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-04-18 WO PCT/GB2000/001508 patent/WO2000064022A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-18 JP JP2000613050A patent/JP2002542754A/en active Pending
- 2000-04-18 DE DE60003305T patent/DE60003305T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-18 EP EP00927432A patent/EP1171935B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-18 CN CN00806445A patent/CN1347583A/en active Pending
- 2000-04-18 AU AU45838/00A patent/AU4583800A/en not_active Abandoned
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2002
- 2002-05-02 HK HK02103298.1A patent/HK1041620B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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|---|---|
| EP1171935A1 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
| HK1041620A1 (en) | 2002-07-12 |
| WO2000064022A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
| AU4583800A (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| JP2002542754A (en) | 2002-12-10 |
| GB9908930D0 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
| HK1041620B (en) | 2003-11-21 |
| DE60003305T2 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| EP1171935B1 (en) | 2003-06-11 |
| DE60003305D1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
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