CN1346981A - Method for determining ore grade and ash content of coal and portable measuring instrument - Google Patents
Method for determining ore grade and ash content of coal and portable measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1346981A CN1346981A CN 01135086 CN01135086A CN1346981A CN 1346981 A CN1346981 A CN 1346981A CN 01135086 CN01135086 CN 01135086 CN 01135086 A CN01135086 A CN 01135086A CN 1346981 A CN1346981 A CN 1346981A
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Abstract
A method and portable instrument for determining the grade of ore and the ash content of coal are disclosed. Said method is based on the scatter principle of dual-energy gamma radioactive source and is characterized by that a computer is used to mathematically find out said grade and ash content. Said portable instrument is composed of shielded radioactive source, NaI crystal scintillation probe, single-chip computer, ray energy spectrum analyzer and data processing system. Its advantages are in-situ test and high correctness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear detection technology and use and the robotization detection range, be specifically related to the measuring method and the Portable Measurement Instrument of a kind of grade of ore and ash content of coal.
Background technology
At present to the assay determination of the grade of ore and ash content of coal need at first to ore and coal carry out fragmentation, grind, sieve, division, carry out chemical analysis then; Breeze after maybe will grinding is pressed into the sheet sample of density constant, carries out xrf analysis again.This process takes a lot of work, time-consuming, representativeness is poor, expense is high, is difficult to satisfy the needs that the grade of ore and ash content carried out fast detecting.
Ash content on-line detector and scan-type fast analyser that the principle that domestic and international existing dual energy gamma-rays absorbs is made, because what use is the dual energy absorption process, tested material must be placed in the middle of radioactive source and the detector, so can not be directly to ore storage, dump or mining face are measured, must take out sample from the scene, install in the sample box, sample box is put into (be put between detector and the radioactive source) just energy measurement in the measurement mechanism again.It installs heavy, can only fixedly mount, and can not move, and uses very inconveniently, and costs an arm and a leg.Simultaneously since the photoelectric absorption coefficient of low-energy and 4～5 powers of atomic number be directly proportional, too sensitive to the variation of ash content composition, so the shortcoming of the absorption Ash analyser of γ is the ash content composition when changing, cause bigger ash content measuring error.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned measuring method and equipment, utilize the principle of dual energy gamma ray scattering, the method of a kind of more rapid and accurate determination grade of ore and ash content of coal has been proposed, in addition, it is a kind of light that the present invention also will provide, and can take the grade of ore of use everywhere and the quick analytic instrument of ash content by hand.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The measuring method of the grade of ore and ash content of coal comprises following process:
(1) dual energy gamma ray radiator and sniffer are placed the same side of tested material, make the dual energy gamma-rays be detected device and receive by the scattering on the material face;
(2) spectrum curve that detects is carried out data processing, choose two sensitizing range S
1And S
2The scattared energy of corresponding low energy of difference and high energy gamma, the application experience formula:
P＝A·R
2+B·R+C
Wherein, P--grade or ash content
R＝S
2/S
1
A, B, C--undetermined coefficient are surveyed by the ore sample to known grade
Amount is tried to achieve with the least square fitting experimental formula
Draw the grade of ore or ash content of coal.
The Portable Measurement Instrument of the grade of ore and ash content of coal, comprise dual energy gamma ray radiator, detector that places in the cask flask and the instrument main frame that is connected with detector, radioactive source and detector are installed on the measurement bay, detector is provided with lead shield outward, be provided with certain included angle between the axis of radioactive source and detector, and it is adjustable apart from the distance between the ore faces, detector adopts NaI crystal scintillation detector, and the instrument main frame that is connected with detector is monolithic processor controlled ray energy spectrum analyser and data handling system.
The present invention is because the principle of utilization dual energy gamma ray scattering is carried out the measurement of the grade of ore and ash content of coal, and its measurement result is not subjected to the influence of ore grain size and variable density.Because scattering method is that radioactive source and detector are placed the homonymy of tested material, so can be made into portable surveying instrument, take instrument to be placed directly on ore deposit heap, mine truck or the mining face with hand and measure, not only convenient but also accurate.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the portable grade of ore of Fig. 1 and ash content of coal instrument.
The structural representation of Fig. 2 measurement bay.
1. measurement bays, 2. angular setting thumb wheels, 3. radioactive sources, 4. depleted uranium shieldings among the figure
5. radioactive source switch 6. detector 7. lead shields, 8. windrows or ore bed surfaces
9. instrument main frame 10. cross bars 11. screw rods
Embodiment
The structural representation of the portable grade of ore and ash content of coal instrument, as shown in Figure 1.The high energy radioactive source energy range of dual energy gamma ray radiator 3 is 150～1360KeV, and activity 37～185MBq selects for use in the present embodiment
137Cs, activity is 148MBq, and the energy range of low energy radioactive source is 15～100KeV, and activity 74～370MBq selects for use in the present embodiment
241Am, activity is 370MBq.Detector can adopt the NaI crystal scintillation detector of Φ 20 * 20～Φ 40 * 40mm, selects the NaI crystal scintillation detector of Φ 30 * 30mm in the present embodiment for use.Dual energy gamma ray radiator 3 is placed in the depleted uranium shielding 4, detector 6 is provided with lead shield 7 outward, and detector 6 is connected with instrument main frame 9.In conjunction with shown in Figure 2, the column of the measurement bay 1 of inverted T-shaped is provided with guide groove, and the centre of cross bar 10 is provided with double-screw bolt.The depleted uranium shielding 4 of radioactive source 3 and detector 6 are movably arranged on cross bar 10 two ends of measurement bay.The top of the column cross tube 10 of measurement bay 1 is provided with screw rod 11, be provided with angular setting thumb wheel 2 in the middle of the screw rod 11, about being provided with, the two ends of screw rod 11 revolve screw thread, the two ends of screw rod be located at cask flask 4 and be connected with nut on the detector 6, rotational angle is adjusted thumb wheel 2 can make nut move on screw rod, cross bar 10 and screw rod 11 all can move up and down by the guide groove on the measurement bay, and fastening by screw.Angle between the axis of radioactive source and detector can be adjusted between 30 °～60 ° by the angular setting thumb wheel 2 on the measurement bay, can choose between 20～250mm according to not coexisting of tested ore grain size apart from the distance between the ore faces.The instrument main frame 9 that is connected with detector is the ray energy spectrum analyser and the data handling system of the control of 89C51RD2 microprocessor microcontroller.
As shown in the figure, measurement bay is hand-holdable to be placed on the windrow, as follows the grade of ore or ash content of coal is measured:
(1) opens the radioactive source shielding, the dual energy gamma-rays is penetrated and be detected device to receive by the scattering on the material face;
Because monoenergetic gamma rays is by 3 physical processes of the general experience of the atomic scattering of material inside, at first ray is decayed in the incident distance, by the atomic scattering of material inside, last scattered ray is decayed by material again in appearing the process of material again, and the intensity of scattered ray is expressed from the next:
ρ e is an electron density; ρ is the volume density of scattering material; μ i, μ s are respectively the mass attenuation coefficients of the scattering material before and after scattering; Δ Ω is the open solid angle of detector; Io is an incident photon intensity; X is the degree of depth of the scattering center in scattering material.
(2) detector obtains the ray pulse signal after preposition amplification, is sent to the instrument main frame by concentric cable;
(3) the instrument main frame carries out data processing to spectrum curve, follows the control of steady peak simultaneously, chooses two sensitizing range S
1And S
2The scattared energy of corresponding low energy of difference and high energy gamma, the application experience formula:
P＝A·R
2+B·R+C
Wherein, P--grade or ash content
R＝S
2/S
1
A, B, the C--undetermined coefficient draws the grade of ore or ash content of coal.
Undetermined coefficient A in the formula, B, C measure by the ore sample at least 5 known grades, try to achieve with the least square fitting experimental formula.
The energy of choosing high-energy ray is greater than 150KeV, and the various elements in the tested material are constant constants to the mass attenuation coefficient of high-energy ray substantially.Choose low energy ray, make its mass attenuation coefficient have selectivity preferably tested unit.Like this, the scattering strength ratio just mainly is subjected to the influence of the grade of tested element, or is subjected to the influence that ash content changes in the coal.
The steady peak scheme of measuring system is as follows:
As steady peak benchmark, the peak is divided into two parts up and down with the characteristic peak of the gamma line that measures, with the ratio of upper and lower two-part area (counting rate)--when " counting than " reaches certain numerical value as stable condition.When drift takes place in detector gain, cause counting than changing, thereby changed the high-voltage value of supplying with detector photomultiplier, made change in gain by Single-chip Controlling this moment, and drift is compensated.Whole steady peak process is regulated by the chip microcontroller software PID and the control of many information intelligents, realizes the high stability and the high reliability of circuit.With microprocessor the spectrum curve that measures is analyzed, handles, controlled, can stop normal race peak and the deadlock phenomenon that occurs of present peak stabilizing technique.
With this apparatus measures grade of ore, scope 0～70%, measuring error is less than 0.5%; Measure ash content of coal, scope 0～30%, error is less than 0.5%.The time of measuring a sample is 1～3 minute, can deposit 100 measurement results in the machine, 5 kinds of different ore mathematical models.
Claims (9)
1. the measuring method of the grade of ore and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: this method comprises following process:
(1) dual energy gamma ray radiator and sniffer are placed the same side of tested material, make the dual energy gamma-rays be detected device and receive by the scattering on the material face;
(2) spectrum curve that detects is carried out data processing, choose two sensitizing range S
1And S
2The scattared energy of corresponding low energy of difference and high energy gamma, the application experience formula:
P＝A·R
2+B·R+C
Wherein, P--grade or ash content
R＝S
2/S
1
A, B, C--undetermined coefficient are surveyed by the ore sample to known grade
Measure, try to achieve with the least square fitting experimental formula and draw the grade of ore or ash content of coal.
2. the measuring method of the grade of ore as claimed in claim 1 and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: in measuring process, with the gamma line characteristic peak that measures as benchmark, the peak is divided into two parts up and down, reach certain numerical value as stable condition with the ratio of two parts area up and down, drift to gain compensates, and realizes steady peak.
3. portable instrument of measuring the grade of ore and ash content of coal, comprise dual energy gamma ray radiator (3), detector (6) that places in the cask flask (4) and the instrument main frame (9) that is connected with detector, it is characterized in that: radioactive source (3) and detector (6) are installed on the measurement bay (1), be provided with certain included angle between the axis of radioactive source (3) and detector (6), and certain distance being arranged apart from ore faces, the instrument main frame that is connected with detector is monolithic processor controlled ray energy spectrum analyser and data handling system.
4. the portable instrument of the measurement grade of ore as claimed in claim 3 and ash content of coal is characterized in that: the angle setting range between the axis of detector (7) and radioactive source (6) is 30 °～60 °, apart from the adjustment of ore faces distance between 20～250mm.
5. as the portable instrument of claim 3 or the 4 described measurement grade of ores and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: detector (6) adopts NaI crystal scintillation detector, is provided with lead shield (7) outside the detector (6).
6. the portable instrument of the measurement grade of ore as claimed in claim 5 and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: the column of measurement bay (1) is provided with guide groove, cross bar (10) is installed on the column of measurement bay (1), cross bar (10) can move up and down by the guide groove on the measurement bay (1), radioactive source (3) and detector (6) are installed in the two ends of cross bar (10), adjust the angle between radioactive source (3) and detector (6) axis as required.
7. as the portable instrument of claim 3 or the 4 or 6 described measurement grade of ores and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: the column of measurement bay (1) is provided with screw rod (11), be provided with angular setting thumb wheel (2) in the middle of the screw rod (11), screw thread is revolved about being in screw rod (11) two ends, screw rod (11) is connected with the nut that detector (6) is provided with radioactive source (3), adjust angle between radioactive source (3) and detector (6) axis by adjusting thumb wheel (2), screw rod (11) all moves up and down by the guide groove on the measurement bay.
8. as the portable instrument of claim 3 or the 4 described measurement grade of ores and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: the high energy radioactive source energy range of dual energy gamma ray radiator is 150～1360KeV, activity 37～185MBq, the energy range of low energy radioactive source is 15～100KeV, activity 74～370MBq, NaI crystal scintillation detector is of a size of Φ 20 * 20～Φ 40 * 40mm.
9. the portable instrument of the measurement grade of ore as claimed in claim 7 and ash content of coal, it is characterized in that: the high energy radioactive source energy range of dual energy gamma ray radiator is 150～1360KeV, activity 37～185MBq, the energy range of low energy radioactive source is 15～100KeV, activity 74～370MBq, NaI crystal scintillation detector is of a size of Φ 20 * 20～Φ 40 * 40mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011350865A CN1180243C (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2001-11-27 | Method for determining ore grade and ash content of coal and portable measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011350865A CN1180243C (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2001-11-27 | Method for determining ore grade and ash content of coal and portable measuring instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1346981A true CN1346981A (en) | 2002-05-01 |
| CN1180243C CN1180243C (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011350865A Expired - Fee Related CN1180243C (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2001-11-27 | Method for determining ore grade and ash content of coal and portable measuring instrument |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1940544B (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2010-05-12 | 丹东东方测控技术有限公司 | High-precision on-line ash content measuring unit |
| CN101957226A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-01-26 | 上海辉博自动化仪表有限公司 | Passive nuclear material level measurement device |
| CN102095744A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-15 | 贾文宝 | Three-energy coal ash content online monitoring device |
| CN102128840A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-07-20 | 长沙高新开发区迅仪测控技术有限公司 | Method and device for automatically recognizing coal types |
| CN102914788A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 上海原子科兴药业有限公司 | Measuring method and measuring apparatus for radioactive contamination |
| CN103018766A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Method for embedding stabilized peak source in lanthanum bromide crystal |
| CN104764755A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-08 | 清华大学 | Device for predicting content of uranium in coal combustion ash slag in online manner and used for coal classification control |
| CN109100372A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽库硕矿产品销售有限公司 | Portable composition of ores detection device |
| CN110044223A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of monitoring device and monitoring method of outdoor radioactivity mine blasting displacement |
| CN112611776A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-04-06 | 丹东东方测控技术股份有限公司 | Automatically-adjustable online wavelength dispersion analyzer optical path device and use method |
-
2001
- 2001-11-27 CN CNB011350865A patent/CN1180243C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1940544B (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2010-05-12 | 丹东东方测控技术有限公司 | High-precision on-line ash content measuring unit |
| CN101957226A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-01-26 | 上海辉博自动化仪表有限公司 | Passive nuclear material level measurement device |
| CN101957226B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-09-19 | 上海辉博自动化仪表有限公司 | Passive nuclear material level measurement device |
| CN102095744A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-15 | 贾文宝 | Three-energy coal ash content online monitoring device |
| CN102095744B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-09-05 | 内蒙古立信测控技术有限公司 | Three-energy coal ash content online monitoring device |
| CN102128840A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-07-20 | 长沙高新开发区迅仪测控技术有限公司 | Method and device for automatically recognizing coal types |
| CN102914788A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 上海原子科兴药业有限公司 | Measuring method and measuring apparatus for radioactive contamination |
| CN103018766A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Method for embedding stabilized peak source in lanthanum bromide crystal |
| CN104764755A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-08 | 清华大学 | Device for predicting content of uranium in coal combustion ash slag in online manner and used for coal classification control |
| CN104764755B (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2017-07-28 | 清华大学 | The device that uranium content and grade of coal are controlled in lime-ash after on-line prediction coal burning |
| CN109100372A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-28 | 安徽库硕矿产品销售有限公司 | Portable composition of ores detection device |
| CN110044223A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of monitoring device and monitoring method of outdoor radioactivity mine blasting displacement |
| CN110044223B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-06-22 | 中南大学 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for open-air radioactive mine blasting displacement |
| CN112611776A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-04-06 | 丹东东方测控技术股份有限公司 | Automatically-adjustable online wavelength dispersion analyzer optical path device and use method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1180243C (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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