CN1333082A - Method for removing hydride for liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for purifying liquid metal heat exchange fluid, and is characterized by that a contact container which can be optionally-combined with purifier is used to control precipitation of metal hydride in the course of high hydrogen permeation. Said contact container can receive a slip flow of circulating liquid metal stream, and can provide a large boundary surface area and temp. capable of enough decomposing hydride under the vacuum condition so as to remove hydrogen from liquated hydride, so that it can make liquid metal whose hydride level is reduced return to circulating heat exchange stream or utilize a cold trap to precipitate and filter hydride to further purify liquid metal.

Description

The method that is used for the removing hydride of liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid

The present invention relates to liquid metal as indirect heat-exchange fluid so that heating or cooling comprise the fluid of high concentration of hydrogen indirectly.

In many industry, in petro chemical industry and chemical industry, in reactor, have influence on reaction between all compositions of the one or more reactants in all fluids all reacting fluids under the suitable temperature and pressure condition and contacting of a kind of catalyst.Great majority in these reactions all produce with different degree or absorb heat, so, they be heat release or heat absorption.All heating relevant with reaction all heat releases or heat absorption or cooling effect can produce positive or negative influence to the work of conversion zone.All negative effects especially can comprise: low production rate, deactivating of catalyst produces byproduct and damaging reaction container in egregious cases and relevant pipeline not.More typical is that all undesirable effect relevant with variations in temperature will reduce selectivity or the production capacity from the product of conversion zone.

Many arrangements all are to try hard to by overcoming all negative effects of heat absorption cooling or overcome all negative effects that heat release is heated by remove heat from reaction to reacting heat supply.More traditional all methods adopt the multistage heating between all adiabatic reactions stage.Other all methods then use the heating on the spot that produces by all reactions of carrying out simultaneously or in conversion zone, keep an isothermal with indirect heat exchange or other Temperature Distribution.U.S. Pat-A-5,525,311 provide one to carry out indirect heat exchange so that be controlled at the example of a Temperature Distribution in the conversion zone with a heat-exchange fluid.

Many different processes can adopt the indirect heat exchange in a conversion zone that the Temperature Distribution in this conversion zone is controlled.The all common example of hydrocarbon transformationreation comprises: the aromatisation of all hydrocarbons, the reformulation of all hydrocarbons, the dehydrogenation of all hydrocarbons, the alkanisation of all OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS effects and all hydrocarbons.Great majority in these hydrocarbon conversion processes are all handled the fluid of high concentration of hydrogen.

We know with all different heat exchanger arrangement of all thin plates that comprise the heat exchange design of shell and pipeline or defined reaction and all hot switching paths all processes are finished indirect heat exchange.In these are arranged, all pipelines typically comprise catalyst and all passages comprise a heat-exchange fluid or on the other hand, possess catalyst and all reactants and possess a heat-transfer fluid in one group of passage in all adjacent passages in dull and stereotyped an arrangement.All heat exchanger plates in these indirect heat exchange reactors can be flat or crooked and all different surfaces such as all corrugated surfaces can be arranged so that be increased in all heat-transfer fluids, the heat conduction between all reactants and all catalyst.We can also be at US-A-5, finds in 525,311 one special can provide the more perfect temperature controlled all heat conduction and the arrangement of reactant channel; We are attached to all contents of this patent in the present patent application as a reference.At US-A-5, all dull and stereotyped arrange useful of having announced other in 130,106 and US-A-5,405,586 to the indirect thermal conduction.

In several industrial departments, provide cooling for the heat exchanger arrangement of all shells and pipeline with the heat-transfer fluid of high heat capacity.The fluid of all dissimilar high heat capacities comprises as sodium, the alkali lye attitude metal that lithium and potassium are such, and comprise the salt of the fusing as nitrate and carbonate.These heat-transfer fluids combine high heat capacity and high heat conductance.BP 2170898 has been announced prevailingly and has been comprised from all heating furnace devices, all high pressure nuclear reactors, and coal gasification, the conversion of coal and the decomposition of water are reclaimed heat and use the result of sodium as a heat-conduction medium in interior all pyroreactions.US-A-4,549,032 have announced in a styrene dehydration situation with the result of the salt that melts as an indirect heat-conduction medium.German patent DE 2028297 has been announced at one by breaking in the process that all chain hydrocarbons produce all alkene and all aromatics with the result of a kind of alkali metal as a heat-conduction medium.Because thereby all liquid metals have high heat conduction capacity to allow to utilize all little areas of heating surface, we are interested in especially using all liquid metals.

When indirect or cool off all hydrocarbons or during all other chemical chargings, the existence of hydrogen is for using all liquid metals and all other heat-transfer fluids of high heat capacity to cause special problem.The activity of any limited hydrogen requires to take certain measure to remove metal hydride, and this metal hydride is that the hydrogen from all wall infiltrations by the dividing plate between all fluids constantly forms.If the metal hydride substrate concentration surpasses all solubility boundaries, the then work that the precipitation of solid hydrides can interfering process or cause infringement to equipment.In the little place of the permeability of hydrogen, available a kind of chemosorbent or getter material and hydrogen carry out chemical reaction and with hydrogen fetter prevent metal hydride saturated and after its precipitation in the circulatory system.Again, nuclear industry department removes a spot of sodium hydride with cold-trap for many years.

Many hydrocarbons and petrochemistry process are preferably carried out work with quite high hydrogen dividing potential drop, and this has just increased the problem of hydrogen infiltration.In addition, can improve the efficient of heat exchange by the surface area that increases indirect heat exchange.When a surface area increased with respect to the fluid volume that flows, the infiltration that hydrogen enters liquid metal had also increased.For heat exchange makes the surface area maximization with the flat board of a series of thin accumulation, but the permeability of hydrogen has been increased greatly.So, we wish especially to have one can be simply and be controlled at the process of the concentration of hydrogen in the liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid effectively.All typical cold-trap or all getters of removing hydride precipitation will reach their capacity limitation soon for all high hydrogen permeability relevant with chemical process.It is very expensive and inconvenient replacing all cold-traps and getter material.

Those have been spoken of all liquid metals as the those skilled in the art of indirect heat exchange material and have eliminated all impurity, particularly from the problem of all hydride of all liquid metal stream.US-A-4,713,214 have pointed out a kind of degas chamber and a kind of chamber of degassing that is used for collecting all bubbles of the layer of inert that a liquid state that may be present in circulation receives of liquid metal coolant of fast neutron nuclear reaction heap that the filter component of main purification means is provided from one of a usefulness that be used to purify.US-A-4, the jar of one of 581,200 usefulness and the collaborative work of a cold-trap group, the smog of jar storage sodium wherein, it contacts with hydrogen and plays a part a hydrogen getter, for the later deposit of receiving by heating discharges hydrogen midway.US-A-4,290,822 have announced the method for a cold-trap of a kind of cleaning, and it is transformed into liquid state with NaOH with the impurity of all heating, and discharging then can be with vacuumizing the liquid state of removing any possible washmarking mark.US-A-3,941,586 tell also how we are heated to a molten state and purify cold-trap from cold-trap removing or discharge hydrogen by the hydride with sodium.The typical equipment relevant with cold-trap comprise one heat without the metal that purifies and cold through the metal that purifies between the heat economizing interchanger of conduction heat, one is used for the condenser of liquid metal and the retainer that is used for a filter element of certain form, or all metallic fibers.We are from US-A-4, and 713,214 know and can collect in all cold-trap devices in the reaction vessel or all cold-trap devices can be in the outside of reaction vessel and relevant with an auxiliary circulation loop.US-A-4,290,822 have announced with all cold-traps of all resistive heater heats and have made the hydride of sodium and the method for dissolution of sodium hydroxide so that condenser temperature is remained on about 355 ℃.Neither one is specially adapted to all process fluids of a high hydrogen concentration in these methods.

So, an object of the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid from all circulations is removed hydride, this method can be regulated the high hydrogen osmosis from process fluid.

A further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of from the liquid metal heat-transfer fluid removing hydrogen of a circulation and the simplification system of resulting metal hydride, and this system becomes easily so that the liquid metal material of further decontamination cycle the recovery of all cold-traps.

The present invention is that contacting container with all clarifier collaborative works of a kind of usefulness purifies all liquid state metal heat-exchange fluids so that at one the method that the metal hydride precipitation is controlled in the chemosmotic process of high hydrogen being arranged.A slip-stream of the liquid metal of a circulation enters to be provided a high boundary surface area and is the contacting container of the sufficient temp that decomposes hydride under all vacuum conditions.Decompose hydride on the surface area that is combined in expansion of all vacuum conditions and temperature and do not need all other decomposition additives.Typically make a new reduction the hydride level liquid metal by one further clarifier circulate as a cold-trap, the metal hydride of cold-trap filtering-depositing further reduces the hydride level of the liquid metal of circulation.

Contacting container will provide enough surface areas so that metal hydride is reduced to balance or near the level of balance, contacting container also will be used for removing hydrogen from the liquid metal that flows for the vacuum there and temperature conditions.Usually contact drum is remained on one from one of the vacuum of 1 to 10mmHg (mercury column) neutralization preferential from 2 to 5mmHg or more preferably from 2 to 3mmHg vacuum condition.To from 400 to 550 ℃ temperature for the preferential temperature of contacting container.The surface area of the expansion that contacting container provides has enough surface areas usually, provides 10 square metres surface area at least for every cubic metre flow per hour, more preferably will be for per hour every cubic metre of (m of the liquid by contacting container ³/ hr) flow provides 20m at least ²Surface area.In order in the internal volume of a contacting container, to increase surface area, can in contact drum, use all dishes, all devices of filler or other enlarged surface.The time of staying of Liquid Sodium in contacting container is typically in 2 to 5 minutes scope.

The present invention can will directly turn back to the liquid metal stream of circulation through part or all of the stream that purifies, or preferentially makes a part through the stream that purifies by an additional clarifier at least.Any type of additional clarifier can be used as the zone of an additional removing hydride.The zone of preferential removing hydride is a cold-trap, and it cools off liquid metal flow makes the metal hydride precipitation, flows through from liquid metal then to filter metal hydride.Because can make all metal hydride particles dissolvings that are maintained at the there by heating liquid metal flow, then the liquid metal stream of the metal hydride particles of the dissolving that comprises a high concentration is now disposed or handled, be easy to make all cold-traps to be restored, so preferentially use all cold-traps.Have the approximate equilibrium level hydride through the stream that purification can be by a plurality of series connection cold-trap so that the final concentration of hydride is reduced to the level of all hope.In order to remove all other impurity, also can all additional cold-traps is incorporated.For example, the temperature of all cold-traps of the back in series connection can be reduced to a temperature that allows to reclaim the metal oxide of all precipitations.

In a preferential form of the present invention, contacting container is incorporated in the recovery of all cold-traps.Pass through cold-trap by the liquid metal stream that makes a heating periodically, make from cold-trap and fuse all metal hydride particles, and remove the hydride of fusion from the effluent of the recovery of the metal hydride particles that comprises liquid metal and all fusions, contacting container and recovery are combined.Make recover effluent in accordance with regulations route return contacting container so that will be reduced to the hydrogen level of all balances of contacting container at the hydride concentration in recovering stream.This restoration methods can advantageously be used with a plurality of cold-traps that are separated into several parts part that recover stream in all different time receptions.In this mode, can make several cold-trap maintenance work, and a cold-trap is standing restitution.When a cold-trap when standing restitution, can make the effluent of balance walk around this cold-trap and will directly send back to the liquid metal material of circulation in the Liquid Sodium of all equilibrium levels of metal hydride.

In one embodiment, the present invention is a kind of method that is used for purifying in the process that the process that liquid metal of a usefulness and comprise hydrogen flows to the heat exchange that connects in the ranks the heat exchange flow of a circulation.This process enters and the contacting an of heat transfer surface liquid metal stream circulation that comprises a heat-transfer fluid, and hydrogen forms metal hydride by this heat transfer surface infiltration in the liquid metal heat-transfer fluid.Recall as a slip-stream and make it lead to a contacting container to the part of the liquid metal of major general circulation.Contacting container under all vacuum conditions with enough dividing surface areas and in enough temperature dispersion slip-streams so that the hydride from the fusion state discharges hydrogen.Discharge hydrogen from contacting container.Contacting container provides the liquid metal stream through purifying, and this liquid metal stream comprises the metal hydride that slip-stream concentration with respect to the liquid metal stream that can get back to circulation has reduced.

Also the present invention can be used with a contact drum as contacting container, this contact drum is decomposing hydride when discharging hydrogen from contact drum, makes the concentration of hydride be reduced to the hydride level of all balances.We reclaim an equiulbrium flow that comprises a metal hydride that has reduced with respect to slip-stream concentration from contact drum.At least periodically a part that makes equiulbrium flow is by a cold-trap, and this cold-trap makes all metal hydride particles be precipitated out and collect all metal hydride particles from equiulbrium flow so that produce the stream through purifying that a metal hydride substrate concentration that has reduced with respect to equiulbrium flow is arranged.The liquid metal stream of this method by making a heating is by cold-trap, fuses all metal hydride particles and produces the stream of the recovery effluent of a metal hydride particles that comprises liquid metal and all fusions from cold-trap, can recover cold-trap periodically at least.Can make the recovery effluent turn back to contact drum so that decompose the hydride of fusing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of an arrangement of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of a modification of the arrangement of presentation graphs 1.

The all metals that keep a liquid condition under the heat exchange condition that all suitable heat-exchange fluid processes of being included in are wished.Preferentially, from by sodium, potassium, lithium, lead, antimony is selected molten metal in a group metal that bismuth and their mixture are formed.The mixture of above-mentioned all metals can form useful especially meltable all mixtures.

This method is useful in the miscellaneous catalytic process with equal even non-homogeneous catalyst.Best is all catalytic shift processes that apply the present invention to the processing of high reaction heat or all stream that generation comprises molecular hydrogen.The transformationreation that such all typical reactions are all hydrocarbons, they comprise the aromatisation of all hydrocarbons, the reformulation of all hydrocarbons, the dehydrogenation of all hydrocarbons and the alkanisation of all hydrocarbons.The conversion process of all more special hydrocarbon that the present invention is suitable for comprises: the catalytic dehydrogenation of all paraffin, the reformulation of the feedstream of all volatile oil, the aromatisation of all light hydrocarbons and the alkanisation of all aromatic hydrocarbon.This method is particularly advantageous for all endothermic processes as dehydrogenation and reformulation.Best is that the present invention is used for being at least in all processes of 100Kpa by the dividing potential drop of the stream hydrogen of liquid metal indirect or cooling, and the hydrogen dividing potential drop that more preferentially the present invention is used for process stream is 170Kpa or bigger all processes.

Further we regard the catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffin an example of an endothermic process as, all raw materials have usually from about 3 to about 18 carbon atom.All special raw materials comprise all light or scheelite wax usually.Raw material mixes with a recirculation flow that comprises hydrogen and contacts with catalyst in a conversion zone.Usually when existing by one or more VIII family's inert metals (for example, platinum, iridium, rhodium, palladium), they and the porous carrier as the inorganic oxide of a refractory combine, and during all catalyst particle of composition, cause a catalytic dehydrogenating reaction.Oxidation Al is a kind of carrier of common use.All dehydrogenation conditions comprise one from about 400 ℃ to about 900 ℃ temperature, one from about 1Kpa to 1000Kpa pressure and one from about 0.1 to 100hr ^-1Liquid hourly space speed (LHSV).Usually, the molecular weight of feed is low more, and all to compare the required temperature of conversion high more.Pressure in the dehydrogenation zone is remained on the corresponding to low with all equipment limit of most actual capabilities, enable to utilize all chemical equilibrium advantages maximumly.The all preferential dehydrogenation condition of process of the present invention comprises one approximately from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃ temperature and one pressure from 10Kpa to 500Kpa approximately.

But usually will comprise all hydrocarbons of the dehydrogenation of not conversion, all products of hydrogen and all dehydrogenation reactions from the stream of the effluent in a dehydrogenation zone.Typically make the stream cooling of this output and lead to a zone that hydrogen is separated so that the steam condition of a rich hydrogen is separated with the liquid condition of a hydrocarbon-enriched flow.But all hydrocarbons that reclaim the dehydrogenation of not conversion also can make their recirculation enter the dehydrogenation zone.The all products that reclaim all dehydrogenation reactions are as all last products or as all intermediate products that prepare all other compounds.About the work of all dehydrogenations, the additional information that all conditions of work and all processes are arranged can be at US-A-4, and 677,237, US-A-4 finds in 880,764 and US-A-5,087,792.

The present invention uses a contacting container for the metal hydride of the metal flow that decomposes to come self-loopa.Contacting container normally will be handled a less tributary or slip-stream, it be generally equal to total circular flow 1% to 5% and preferentially equal 1% to 2% of circular flow.Usually contacting container is remained on one is not less than about 300 ℃ temperature.Though for for the upper temp of the liquid metal flow of the heating of decomposing hydrocarbon without limits, all practical design considerations will limit this temperature and be no more than 540 ℃.Usually, the temperature in the contacting container is kept in the temperature range of heat-transfer fluid during the course.By contacting container the hydrogen concentration in liquid metal is reduced near all equilibrium levels.For preferential all vacuum conditions of contacting container and preferential Liquid Sodium heat-transfer fluid, from the output of contacting container will have between 50 to 250ppm the sodium hydride level and preferentially a hydride level be lower than 150ppm.

In order further to reduce the hydride level, make liquid metal pass through one or more cold-traps through purifying from contacting container.Usually those those skilled in the art know how to design all different cold-traps, and these cold-traps can change to simple relatively all filter components from all complicated apparatus.In typical design and work, the liquid metal that cold-trap makes cooling by one by comprising the filter that stainless all metallic fibers are formed.If the temperature of liquid metal is enough low, then hydride preferentially is deposited on all metallic fibers of these filters.In this mode, all devices are captured hydride impurity with allowing condensation.Typically cold-trap is remained on one 250 ℃ temperature.

We can understand whole process more fully from Fig. 1.In brief description, the figure shows the situation of the circular flow that applies the present invention to a liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid.Fig. 1 represents the schematic diagram of a simplification.The arrangement of this signal all valves that do not draw, all instruments, all heat exchangers and other those those skilled in the art will be easy to recognize is used for process control in case of necessity and improves the equipment of process efficiency.Make the part of the circular flow of a Liquid Sodium cycle through a graph 10 with a circulating pump 12.Be dispersed in slip-stream 14 of dirty taking-up of pump 12 and with slip-stream 14 in the contacting container that the form of the drum 16 that degass with occurs.The charges that drum 16 is full of the suitable size and the degree of depth that degas are so that provide the enough dividing surface area and time of staying for the separation of hydrogen.Vavuum pump 18 maintains all vacuum conditions in the drum 16 that degass and recalls the discharge currents of a hydrogen by all pipelines 20 and 22.The hydrogen stream that makes discharge is by a condenser 24, and condenser 24 is captured sodium steam and before any metallic vapour enters vavuum pump 18 they disposed.One but pipeline 26 is put into a safety dumping with the hydrogen release of reclaiming, the position that is used as fuel or carries out other recovery.

A pump 28, it can be a pump electromagnetism or other type, recalls the liquid metal that process purifies by a pipeline 30.Article one, pump discharge pipe line 32 is controlled (not shown) by suitable valve, and can the direct guiding of the Liquid Sodium that purify be got back to pipeline 10 by all pipelines 34 and 36 maybe can be with all or part of one or more cold-traps 38 that lead of stream.In typical an arrangement, the Liquid Sodium of purification 50% or manyly will directly get back to circular flow.A network of all distribution pipelines 40 discharges the Liquid Sodium of purification so that all metal hydrides are deposited on all cold-traps 38 after the Liquid Sodium that will purify is cooled to enough low temperature.A network of all gathering lines 42 makes the Liquid Sodium of further purification turn back to pipeline 10 by pipeline 36.

In addition, drum 16 can ad infinitum prolong the life-span of all cold-traps as the part of a complete recovery system.By recovery, the life-span of cold-trap can prolong manyfold than its common life expectancy.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of an arrangement of the expression flow arrangement that changes Fig. 1.As the description of carrying out in conjunction with Fig. 1, a main circular flow of Liquid Sodium passes through a pipeline 10 ' under from the forced circulation of a pump 12 '.Pipeline 14 ' is recalled a slip-stream of liquid metal, and this slip-stream flows into a drum 12 ' so that hydrogen is gushed out from Liquid Sodium stream, thereby a sodium stream that has one near the purification of the hydrogen concentration of all equilibrium levels is provided.A vavuum pump 18 ' is recalled hydrogen and is passed through pipeline 26 ' release hydrogen from drum 16 ' by a pipeline 22 '.The Liquid Sodium stream that has been purified to the hydride level of approaching all balances leaves drum 16 ' by pipeline 30 '.A pump 28 ' drives in a discharge line 50 with liquid metal.Purge flow is crossed a condenser (not shown) and to be reduced its temperature and to be settled out solid-state hydride in all cold-traps in order being recovered in.To purify two parts that stream is divided into first cold-trap 52 and second cold-trap 54 by all discharge line 56 and 58 respectively.When all operate as normal, cold- trap 52 and 54 boths discharge a Liquid Sodium stream that further purifies and get back to pipeline 10 ', all pipelines 60,62,64 and 66.

Can descend or all other methods detect the level of the metal hydride of precipitation in cold- trap 52 or 54 by pressure.When in any one cold-trap, having collected enough sediments, this cold-trap is recovered.The recovery of cold-trap 52 is by by making a valve 70 close and a valve 72 is opened from its normal closed position from its normal open position, and the output stream of cold-trap 52 is imported 68 beginnings of a recirculation line once more.Then by or make the Liquid Sodium of heating enter cold-trap or heat the cold-trap parts on the spot with this method as resistance heated, cold-trap 52 is heated.Cold-trap is heated to a temperature that makes the metal hydride precipitation fusion of collection.

Make the recovery stream of filling hydride enter drum 16 ' by recirculation line 68.When entering drum 16 ', the liquid metal of metal hydride precipitation that comprises the fusion of a large amount of loadings now decomposes metal hydride and recalls hydrogen with the mode of describing in the past.Between the whole convalescence of cold-trap 52, cold-trap 54 can maintenance work when valve 74 keeps closing, and makes that purifying metals from all of cold-trap 54 continues to flow and by all pipelines 64 and 66 circular flows that flow back in pipeline 10 ' by the valve of opening 76.Yet for simplicity, Fig. 2 two cold-traps that only draw are used three cold-traps at least in most of commercial application, make that two other cold-trap can remain in working order when a cold-trap is recovering.

Claims (10)

1. in liquid state metal heat-exchange fluid of a usefulness provides process with the indirect heat exchange of a process stream that comprises hydrogen, a method that is used to purify a cycling hot exchange current, this method comprises:

A liquid metal stream circulation that comprises a heat-transfer fluid is entered and a heat transfer surface state of contact, and this causes hydrogen to infiltrate liquid metal flow and causes forming there metal hydride;

A part of recalling circulation of fluid at least is as a slip-stream and make slip-stream lead to a contacting container;

Make in contacting container slip-stream contact with enough dividing surface area under all vacuum conditions and under enough temperature the hydride from fusion discharge hydrogen;

Discharge hydrogen from contacting container;

Recovery comprises the liquid metal stream through purifying of a metal hydride that has reduced with respect to slip-stream concentration; With

Make the stream of purification return the liquid metal stream of circulation.

2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the liquid metal stream that purifies comprises a metal hydride near equilibrium concentration.

3. make contact drum remain on one from the temperature of 1 to 10mmHg vacuum and from 400 to 550 ℃ according to the process of claim 1 wherein.

4. make a part that purifies stream directly turn back to the liquid metal stream of circulation at least according to the process of claim 1 wherein.

5. according to the method for claim 1,2 or 3, wherein make the zone of the part of liquid metal stream at least by an additional removing hydride.

6. according to the method for claim 5, the zone of wherein removing hydride comprises a cold-trap of removing all hydride particles from the liquid metal stream of a cooling.

7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein flow to into cold-trap so that fuse all metal hydride particles and produce the outflow logistics of the recovery of a metal hydride particles that comprises liquid metal and all fusions, and the effluent that wherein recovers enters contacting container by the liquid metal that makes a heating.

8. according to the method for claim 1,2 or 3, wherein contacting container comprises that comprises many drums that are used to provide the dish of dividing surface area, and contacting container is to each 1m of the liquid by container ³The flow of/hr has 10m at least ²Surface area.

9. according to the method for claim 1,2 or 3, wherein reclaim an equiulbrium flow that comprises a metal hydride that has reduced with respect to slip-stream concentration from contacting container; At least make the part of equiulbrium flow lead to a cold-trap at least periodically, this cold-trap makes all metal hydride particles be precipitated out and collect all metal hydride particles so that produce the purification stream that the metal hydride that has reduced with respect to equiulbrium flow concentration is arranged from equiulbrium flow; At least periodically the liquid metal stream by making a heating is by cold-trap, dissolves all metal hydride particles and produces the outflow logistics of the recovery of a metal hydride particles that comprises liquid metal and all fusions from cold-trap, and cold-trap is restored; Lead to contact drum with the effluent that makes recovery.

10. according to the method for claim 11, a part that wherein makes equiulbrium flow at least is by a plurality of cold-traps in the series connection, we are operated on the temperature of low a metal oxide that enough reclaims all precipitations like that last cold-trap at least, relatively reduce the temperature of the cold-trap of all back in the series connection.

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