CN1328889A

CN1328889A - Tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN1328889A
Application number: CN 01129544
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马贤锋; 阎学伟; 赵伟
Original assignee: Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
Current assignee: Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
Priority date: 2001-06-26
Filing date: 2001-06-26
Publication date: 2002-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-06-26
Also published as: CN100443219C

Abstract

The present invention belongs to a preparation method of tungsten-aluminium carbide hard alloy W 1-x Al x C, where X=0-0.86 nanometer powder. The said method uses tungsten powder, aluminium powder, carbon powder and tungsten carbide power as raw materials, and adopts mechanical alloying process to synthesize W 1-x Al x C. It is simple in technological process, convenient in operation, can be synthesized at room temp., and its product is a high-activity nanometer powder, and so it is favorable for further sintering powder metallurgy product.

Description

The preparation method of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder

The invention belongs to tungsten carbide-aluminum hard alloy W _1-xAl _xC, the preparation method of x=0-0.86 nanometer powder.

The Mohs' hardness of Wimet WC is+9, is important machining tool material, is widely used in car, digs, mills, boring, hinge, file, broaching and glass cutting.Simultaneously, at aspects such as forging die, drawing-die, roll, oil well drill pipe, mine drilling tool, cutting drilling tool and armour piercing shot cores extensive application is arranged all.

W _1-xAl _xThe synthetic of C solid-solution material do not appear in the newspapers so far.Part aluminium enters the density that tungsten position in the WC lattice can be reduced alloy effectively, and the oxidation-resistance of material, toughness etc. are brought influence, reduces material cost simultaneously.The atomic radius and the tungsten of aluminium are approaching, but fusing point difference of the two and density difference are very big, can not prepare alloy by the alloy melting method of routine, the method by high temperature cabonization obtains W again _1-xAl _xC sosoloid.

The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder.This method is a raw material with tungsten powder, aluminium powder, carbon dust and tungsten carbide powder, by the synthetic W of mechanical alloying method _1-xAl _xC.

The present invention utilizes modes such as the bump of mechanical alloying technology by ball, friction, the kinetic energy of abrading-ball is offered reaction system, guarantee each reactant excellent contact simultaneously, by surperficial solid state reaction and diffusion, make carbon enter the interstitial void position of tungsten, the lattice position that aluminium enters tungsten, thereby the realization alloying, and obtain the powdered alloy of nano-scale.

Process of the present invention be with tungsten powder particle-size less than 200 orders, purity is greater than 99.8%, aluminum powder particle size is less than 200 orders, purity is greater than 99.5%, the carbon dust granularity is less than 300 orders, purity is pressed alloy compositions W greater than 95% _1-xAl _xC, the x=0-0.86 weighing, the excessive 5-10% of carbon puts into the high-energy ball milling jar, jar diameter be that 54 millimeters, height are 54 millimeters, mill jar and abrading-ball are carbon steel, ratio of grinding media to material is 15: 1, under argon shield ball milling 100-200 hour, obtains product; Or will be through the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, the binary alloy of x=0-0.86 obtains product with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 100-200 hour; Or will be through the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, the binary alloy of x=0-0.86 is with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 5-80 hour, and sintering 700-1500 degree, 4-6 hour under argon gas obtain product; Or with tungsten carbide powder, aluminium powder and carbon dust by the excessive 3-5% of stoichiometric ratio carbon, obtained product in ball milling 80-150 hour.Only the product that obtains through mechanical alloying turns out to be the symmetric WC structure of six sides by powder x-ray diffraction, all corresponding with the WC spectral line of each bar spectral line overlaps, diffraction peak broadening but do not observe tangible displacement illustrates to enter behind the lattice not by aluminium the lattice to WC produces significantly distortion.The diffraction peak broadening is the result of grain refining, utilizes the Scherrer formula to calculate its grain size and is the 8-20 nanometer.Product spectral line through 700-1500 degree, 4-6 hour processing is sharp-pointed, and crystalline state is good.

Characteristics of the present invention are can obtain new Wimet sosoloid W by present method _1-xAl _xC, and technology is simple, easy to operate, room temperature synthetic, and product is that highly active nano powder helps further powder metallurgy sintered product.

Embodiment provided by the invention is as follows:

Embodiment 1: with tungsten powder, granularity is less than 200 orders, and purity is greater than 99.8%, and with carbon dust, granularity is less than 300 orders, and purity is pressed WC metering weighing greater than 95%, and carbon is excessive 5%, raw material weight 10 grams, and steel ball 150 grams, ball grinder is put in argon shield.The vertically rotation of mill jar, rotating speed is 1280 rev/mins, 168 hours ball milling time, obtains WC powder.Calculate by the Scherrer formula, its crystal grain is less than 8 nanometers.

Embodiment 2: with tungsten powder, carbon dust, granularity, purity are the same, aluminium powder, and granularity is less than 200 orders, and purity is pressed W greater than 99.5% _0.5Al _0.5The C weighing, carbon is excessive 10%, and raw material total amount and ratio of grinding media to material are the same, 1280 rev/mins of rotating speeds, ball milling 168 hours obtains W _0.5Al _0.5C.Grain-size is 8 nanometers.After argon shield, 1200 degree, annealing in 6 hours, the powder x-ray diffraction peak is sharp-pointed, the assorted peak of nothing, the product high-temperature stable.

Embodiment 3: tungsten powder, aluminium powder and carbon dust are pressed W _0.14Al _0.86The C weighing, carbon is excessive 10%, and material purity, granularity, total amount, ratio of grinding media to material and mill jar rotating speed are the same, and ball milling 192 hours obtains W _0.14Al _0.86C.

Embodiment 4: will be with the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _0.2Al _0.8Press W with carbon dust _0.2Al _0.8The C weighing, carbon is excessive 10%, raw material total amount 10 grams, ratio of grinding media to material 15: 1,1280 rev/mins of rotating speeds, ball milling 192 hours obtains W _0.2Al _0.8C.

Embodiment 5: will be with the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _0.5Al _0.6Press W with carbon dust _0.5Al _0.5The C weighing, carbon is excessive 10%, raw material total amount 10 grams, ratio of grinding media to material 15: 1,1280 rev/mins of rotating speeds, ball milling 20 hours.Has only a spot of W through powder x-ray diffraction analysis _0.5Al _0.5C generates.Further with product under argon shield, 1000 degree, handled in 20 hours, obtain the W of well-crystallized attitude _0.5Al _0.5C.

Embodiment 6: with the WC powder, purity is greater than 99.5%, and granularity is less than 300 orders, aluminium powder and carbon dust, and granularity purity is the same, presses W _0.5Al _0.5The C weighing, carbon is excessive 3%, raw material total amount 10 grams, ratio of grinding media to material 15: 1,1280 rev/mins of rotating speeds, ball milling 144 hours,, obtain W _0.5Al _0.5C.

Claims

1. the preparation method of a tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder is characterized in that with tungsten powder particle-size less than 200 orders, purity is greater than 99.8%, aluminum powder particle size is less than 200 orders, and purity is greater than 99.5%, and the carbon dust granularity is less than 300 orders, purity is pressed alloy compositions W greater than 95% _1-xAl _xC, the x=0-0.86 weighing, the excessive 5-10% of carbon puts into the high-energy ball milling jar, and ratio of grinding media to material is 15: 1, under argon shield ball milling 100-200 hour, obtains product; Or will be through the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, the binary alloy of x=0-0.86 obtains product with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 100-200 hour; Or will be through the W of mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, the binary alloy of x=0-0.86 is with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 5-80 hour, and sintering 700-1500 degree, 4-6 hour under argon gas obtain product; Or with tungsten carbide powder, aluminium powder and carbon dust by the excessive 3-5% of stoichiometric ratio carbon, obtained product in ball milling 80-150 hour.

2. the preparation method of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the W through the mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, x=0-0.86, binary alloy obtains product with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 100-200 hour.

3. the preparation method of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the W through the mechanical alloying method preparation _1-xAl _x, the binary alloy of x=0-0.86 is with by the carbon ball milling of the excessive 5-10% of stoichiometric ratio 5-80 hour, and sintering 700-1500 degree, 4-6 hour under argon gas obtain product.

4. the preparation method of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that tungsten carbide powder, aluminium powder and carbon dust by the excessive 3-5% of stoichiometric ratio carbon, obtains product in ball milling 80-150 hour.

5. the preparation method of tungsten aluminium carbide hard alloy nanometer powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the W that consists of of gained tungsten carbide-aluminum hard alloy _1-xAl _x, x=0-0.86.