CN1328167A - Semi-solid coagulation method for preparing antiwear Zn-Al alloy containing high-volume-fraction Si - Google Patents
Semi-solid coagulation method for preparing antiwear Zn-Al alloy containing high-volume-fraction Si Download PDFInfo
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- CN1328167A CN1328167A CN 01113091 CN01113091A CN1328167A CN 1328167 A CN1328167 A CN 1328167A CN 01113091 CN01113091 CN 01113091 CN 01113091 A CN01113091 A CN 01113091A CN 1328167 A CN1328167 A CN 1328167A
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Abstract
A semi-solid coagulation method for preparing the antiwear Zn-Al alloy (ZA27) containing high-volume fraction Si (5-30 vol%) includes such steps as choosing hypereutectic Al-Si alloy's component: Al-(20-40 wt.%) Si and Zn or Zn alloy; Zn-(0-8 wt.%) Al, modifying said Al-Si alloy by phosphorus and/or mechanical stirring to uniformly distribute Si phase, and mixing the molten Al-Si alloy with molten Zn alloy. It has high antiwear performance.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of antiwear Zn-Al alloy semi-solid coagulation method that contains high-volume-fraction Si, be a kind of by the process control of semi-solid state process blended nonequilibrium freezing, preparation contains high-volume-fraction Si, and (method of 5～30vol%) ZA27 (Zn-27wt%Al) wear resistant alloy belongs to the alloy technology field of metallurgical class.
Aluminum silicon alloy and aluminium zinc all have wide industrial and use, generally, aluminum silicon alloy is because the adding of silicon, make the mechanical property of alloy, improve greatly as intensity, rigidity (Young's modulus) etc., so cast Al-Si alloy such as A356 commonly used, A357 and A359 etc. is used for auto parts in a large number, and has good wear resistance.Aluminium zinc such as ZA5, ZA8, ZA12 and ZA27 can be used as structural part, and have good anti-friction wear-resistant.If in aluminium zinc, form the silicon phase of a large amount of disperses, will improve the wear resistance of aluminium zinc greatly, particularly improve its antiwear characteristic under environment mal-conditions such as metal to-metal contact.Though the polishing machine of the ZA 27 alloy of low silicon content has certain research, and point out the interpolation of silicon, the wear resistance of ZA 27 alloy will be improved greatly, as Wear in Zn-Al-Si alloys (Wear, 165,1993,51-56) and WEAR RESISTANCE AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Zn-Al-Si ANDZn-Al-CuALLOYS (Wear, 117,1987,79-89) described.But these researchs only are that silicon is made as the castmethod of alloying element by routine, not innovation aspect preparation technology.All those morals etc. are passed through rheocasting prepared zinc-base one silicon metal matrix material in " microstructure and property of zinc-base-silicon metal, ceramic particle matrix material " (the 2nd phase of " matrix material journal " April in 1992), and have studied its performance.Its mode that adds silicon is the silicon metal particle, adds by the rheocasting method.But the silicon particle adds relatively difficulty and complicated, and the distributing homogeneity of silicon is poor, and the mechanical property of the material that obtains is lower.
The objective of the invention is to above-mentioned deficiency at prior art, a kind of new antiwear Zn-Al alloy semi-solid coagulation method that contains high-volume-fraction Si is proposed, mix coagulation method when the semi-solid state by simple melt, preparation contains micron order high-volume fractional (the wear-resisting ZA 27 alloy of 5～30vol%) silicon, and silicon is uniform distribution in aluminium zinc, further improves the wear resisting property of material.
For realizing such purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of processing method that is different from the routine casting melting, pass through design of alloy, with two kinds of starting material semi-solid coagulations, promptly by the mixing of two kinds of alloys under semi-solid state stirred, utilize flow process to realize that silicon is broken into granular and uniform distribution mutually, obtain to have the equally distributed silicon phase of the micro-meter scale compound ZA 27 alloy of fine wear resistance.
Content of the present invention mainly is by the aluminium zinc (fusing point is lower) of low aluminium or pure zinc melt and the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt-mixing that is under the semi-solid state, wherein the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is aided with that phosphorus modification is handled or/and mechanical stirring, has realized the fragmentation and the uniform distribution of silicon phase like this in alloy organizing.The uniform distribution of micron order high-volume-fraction Si in aluminium zinc under the situation that does not have big sacrifice mechanical property, improved the wear resisting property of aluminium zinc greatly.
The present invention contain high-volume-fraction Si (the semi-solid coagulation preparation method of 5～30vol%) wear-resisting ZA 27 alloy mainly comprises:
The first step: according to the siliceous volume fraction of require (5～30vol%), select composition Al-(20～40wt%) Si, the zinc or zinc alloy Zn-(0～8wt%) Al of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy.
Second step: these two kinds of alloys of melting in two resistance furnaces respectively.Wherein the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy smelting temperature is chosen in 580～680 ℃, and generally about 620 ℃, be in the semi-solid state of liquid-solid two-phase this moment, and the zinc alloy of another composition is heated to melted state, determines its temperature of fusion according to corresponding composition.
If realize the fragmentation of silicon phase by churned mechanically mode, then semi-solid transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is carried out Mechanical Crushing, stirring velocity is 300～800rpm, churning time 40～60 seconds.
If by the primary silicon phase that phosphorus modification comes the refinement transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, then transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy need be heated to its melted state, this should determine the temperature that heats according to the content of silicon in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy and corresponding liquidus temperature.
The 3rd step: pouring the zinc liquid of fusing into ready temperature is that agitation as appropriate makes its homogenization of composition in 580～680 ℃ the Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy, pours into then in the mould of preheating and carries out the pressure die casting moulding.
The yardstick that adopts the inventive method to make is that the silicon of 10～50 μ m is evenly distributed in the ZA27 tissue, its concrete selection of process parameters, the requirement to preparation efficiency is depended in the selection of temperature between 580～680 ℃ that is heated to the semi-solid state zone as transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, if will enhance productivity, the temperature in semi-solid state zone is line on the upper side, and the churned mechanically like this time can suitably shorten.
Effect of the present invention is micron order high-volume-fraction Si uniform distribution in aluminium zinc of disperse.
Present invention be primarily characterized in that and utilize semi-solid coagulation method to realize containing the wear-resisting Zn-27Al alloy of high-volume-fraction Si compound.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the tissue of the scanning electron microscopic observation of ZA27-16vol%Si.
Wherein, Fig. 1 is the routine casting tissue, and Fig. 2 is the tissue behind the semi-solid coagulation of the present invention.
As can be seen from the figure adopt the inventive method to obtain the silicon grain of granularity at 10～50 μ m, be evenly distributed in the ZA 27 alloy matrix. Mechanical property (intensity) is sacrificed not quite like this, but has improved widely the wearability of allumen.
Embodiment below in conjunction with concrete preparation ZA27-16vol%Si alloy is described in detail technical characterictic of the present invention.Concrete preparation technology divided for three steps.
Embodiment 1
The first step: according to the 16vol% that requires of the siliceous volume fraction of require, select the composition of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy, Al-30wt%Si and Zn-5wt%Al are synthetic: Zn-27wt%Al-16vol%Si.
Second step: these two kinds of alloys of melting in two resistance furnaces respectively.Wherein the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy smelting temperature is chosen in about 620 ℃, is in the semi-solid state of liquid-solid two-phase this moment.And the aluminium zinc ZA5 of another composition is heated to melted state, the Zn-5wt%Al alloy, because it is an eutectic alloy, temperature of fusion is 385 ℃, so Heating temperature is about 480 ℃.
Realize the fragmentation of silicon phase by churned mechanically mode, then semi-solid transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is carried out mechanical stirring, stirring velocity is 500rpm, churning time 60 seconds.
The 3rd step: pouring the ZA5 alloy liquid of fusing into ready temperature is that agitation as appropriate makes its homogenization of composition in semi-solid state hypereutectic Al-30wt%Si alloy of 620 ℃, pours into then in the mould of 250 ℃ of preheatings and carries out the pressure die casting moulding.Mechanical property and polishing machine sample make through machining.
Embodiment 2
The first step is with embodiment 1, second step was the primary silicon phase refinement of going bad and realizing transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy by microcosmic salt, being heated to its melted state transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy Al-30wt%Si also suitably overheated is that temperature is 900 ℃, adds 0.3～0.5wt% microcosmic salt then and go bad.Rotten postcooling is to 620 ℃ of semi-solid states.
Repeat the 3rd step of embodiment 1 then.
Embodiment 3
The first step:, synthetic with Al-30wt%Si and technical pure Zn ingot: Zn-27wt%Al-8vol%Si according to the 8vol% that requires of the siliceous volume fraction of require.
Second step: the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy smelting temperature is chosen in 620 ℃, be in the semi-solid state of liquid-solid two-phase this moment, realize the fragmentation of silicon phase, then semi-solid transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is carried out Mechanical Crushing by churned mechanically mode, stirring velocity is 500rpm, churning time 60 seconds.Zinc then is heated to melted state and is superheated to 560 ℃.
The 3rd step: pouring the Zn liquid of fusing into ready temperature is that agitation as appropriate makes its homogenization of composition in semi-solid state hypereutectic Al-30wt%Si alloy of 620 ℃, pours into then in the mould of 250 ℃ of preheatings and carries out the pressure die casting moulding.
Below be that the alloy of visible the present invention's preparation has wear resistance preferably the data of carrying out wear test on the M200 wear testing machine (following column data is the mean value after the mensuration 3 times).
Specimen size is: 7 * 7 * 14mm, even part are 45 steel loops of external diameter 40mm, internal diameter 16mm, thickness 10mm, and hardness is HRC42～45.No. 20 machinery oil drop lubricatons (oil dripping speed is 5～8 droplets/minute) and metal to-metal contact, load is 500N, and rotating speed is 400rpm, and wearing-in period is 30min.Before and after the wearing and tearing all after ethanol ultrasonic cleaning 2 times with electrooptical balance weighing (precision is 0.1mg), the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 mechanics and wear resisting property are relatively
| Composition and performance | Wear resistance metal to-metal contact (weightless g) | Wear resistance oil dripping friction (weightless g) | Dry friction coefficient | The oil dripping frictional coefficient | Intensity MPa |
| ZA27 | ?2.80 | 0.92 | ?0.30-0.35 | 0.08-0.10 | 434 |
| A356 (or ZL108) | ?18.60 | 4.28 | ?0.28-0.30 | 0.08-0.12 | 168 |
| ZA27-16vol%si (the conventional casting of Zn-Al-Si | ?0.77 | ＜0.10 | ?0.22-0.26 | 0.05-0.07 | 358 |
| Make) | |||||
| ZA27-16vol%Si (embodiment of the invention 1) | 0.28 | ＜0.10 | 0.20-0.23 | 0.05-0.07 | 386 |
| ZA27-16vol%Si (embodiment of the invention 2) | 0.24 | ＜0.10 | 0.20-0.22 | 0.05-0.07 | 392 |
| ZA27-8vol%Si (embodiment of the invention 3) | 0.64 | ＜0.10 | 0.22-0.24 | 0.05-0.07 | 406 |
| ZA27-(5～30) vol%Si (the present invention) | - | - | - | - | 324～448 |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of antiwear Zn-Al alloy semi-solid coagulation method that contains high-volume-fraction Si, it is characterized in that to hang down aluminium zinc or the pure zinc melt and the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt-mixing that is under the semi-solid state of aluminium, wherein transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is aided with the phosphorus modification processing or/and mechanical stirring, realize the fragmentation and the uniform distribution of silicon phase, obtain micro-meter scale equally distributed contain high-volume-fraction Si (5～30vol%) wear-resisting silicon phase compound ZA 27 alloy mainly comprises:
The first step: according to the siliceous volume fraction of require (5～30vol%), select composition Al-(20～40wt%) Si, the zinc or zinc alloy Zn-(0～8wt%) Al of transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy;
Second step: these two kinds of alloys of difference melting, wherein the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy smelting temperature is chosen in 580～680 ℃, make it to be in the semi-solid state of liquid-solid two-phase, realize the fragmentation of silicon phase by mechanical stirring, or earlier transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy is heated to melted state, by the primary silicon phase that phosphorus modification comes the refinement transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, rotten postcooling is to semi-solid state, and zinc alloy is heated to melted state;
The 3rd step: the zinc liquid of fusing is poured in the Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy, stirred, pour into then in the mould of preheating and carry out the pressure die casting moulding.
2, as the said antiwear Zn-Al alloy semi-solid coagulation method that contains high-volume-fraction Si of claim 1, when it is characterized in that realizing silicon phase broken by mechanical stirring, stirring velocity is 300～800rpm, churning time 40～60 seconds.
3, as the said antiwear Zn-Al alloy semi-solid coagulation method that contains high-volume-fraction Si of claim 1, it is characterized in that coming the primary silicon phase time of refinement transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy by phosphorus modification, the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy heat fused also suitably is superheated to 900 ℃, adds the rotten postcooling of 0.3～0.5wt% microcosmic salt then to 620 ℃ of semi-solid states.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1318622C (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2007-05-30 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing silicon particle intensifying aluminum based compound material with highly volume fraction |
| CN101574732B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2013-01-09 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing semisolid Y113 aluminium alloy |
| CN104611590A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing high-volume-fraction primary-silicon reinforced aluminium matrix composite through dilution, extrusion and filtration |
| CN109022918A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 常州大学 | A kind of siliceous high tenacity ZZnAl4Y zinc die casting alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN109079110A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-25 | 福建省杰豪半固态泵压科技有限责任公司 | The technique and its equipment of interruption preparation liquid silumin or silumin semi solid slurry |
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| CN102764957B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-11-05 | 东北大学 | Method for manufacturing hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy engine cylinder sleeve |
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2001
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1318622C (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2007-05-30 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing silicon particle intensifying aluminum based compound material with highly volume fraction |
| CN101574732B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2013-01-09 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing semisolid Y113 aluminium alloy |
| CN104611590A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing high-volume-fraction primary-silicon reinforced aluminium matrix composite through dilution, extrusion and filtration |
| CN109079110A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-25 | 福建省杰豪半固态泵压科技有限责任公司 | The technique and its equipment of interruption preparation liquid silumin or silumin semi solid slurry |
| CN109079110B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-09-25 | 福建省杰豪半固态泵压科技有限责任公司 | Process and equipment for discontinuously preparing liquid or semisolid high-silicon aluminum alloy |
| CN109022918A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 常州大学 | A kind of siliceous high tenacity ZZnAl4Y zinc die casting alloys and preparation method thereof |
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