CN1327286C - Multifunctional optical amplifier - Google Patents
Multifunctional optical amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN1327286C CN1327286C CNB2005100217781A CN200510021778A CN1327286C CN 1327286 C CN1327286 C CN 1327286C CN B2005100217781 A CNB2005100217781 A CN B2005100217781A CN 200510021778 A CN200510021778 A CN 200510021778A CN 1327286 C CN1327286 C CN 1327286C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multifunctional optical amplifier, particularly to an optical amplification technique of an optical fiber transmission system, which belongs to the technical field of optical communication. The multifunctional optical amplifier is composed of an optical coupler, an optical switch, an optical amplifier module and a controller, wherein the optical amplifier module is formed from N optical amplifiers with different ranges of input optical signal power, different gain ranges, different saturation output power, different noise coefficients and different wavelength ranges side by side; the controller is composed of an optical power detecting circuit, an optical switch control circuit and an optical amplifier control circuit. The present invention has the essence that the multifunctional optical amplifier controls the optical switch through the optical power detecting circuit so as to select the optical amplifiers capable of meeting the requirements of different optical signals, and simultaneously, the multifunctional optical amplifier controls gains and parameters of the optical amplifiers through the controller so as to finally realize the requirements of amplifying the optical signals of different types and intensity. Compared with the homogeneous optical amplifier, the present invention has the characteristic of combining the functions of a preamplifier, a link amplifier, a power amplifier, etc., and the present invention has the advantages of large dynamic range and diversified function; the present invention is suitable for various application requirements.
Description
Technical field
A kind of multifunctional optical amplifier belongs to the optical communication technique field, and it is particularly related to the Optical Amplification Technology of fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS).
Background technology
After entering 21 century, Fibre Optical Communication Technology develops by leaps and bounds comprehensively, and is applied to every field.People are being conceived to study the gordian technique of optical fiber telecommunications system of future generation, make the main line of the existing high-speed wideband of fiber optic network, and the transmission range of overlength is arranged again.Dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM, Dense Wavelength Divided Multiplex) optical transport technology and Optical Amplification Technology are putative wideband transmit technology and optical relay (amplification) technology.
Image intensifer is based on stimulated radiation or the stimulated scattering principle realizes a kind of device that incident optical signal amplifies.The ultimate principle of image intensifer as shown in Figure 1, select suitable optical amplification medium (as Er-doped fiber, ordinary optic fibre, semiconductor gain media etc.) for use, adopt corresponding with it method for pumping (luminous power pumping or injection current pumping), can realize amplification input optical signal.The proven technique type has at present in Optical Amplification Technology: (wherein representational is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) to doped optical fibre amplifier, EDFA); (wherein representational is Raman Fiber Amplifier to the nonlinear optical fiber amplifier, RFA); Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).
For doped optical fibre amplifier, in fact optical amplification medium shown in Figure 1 is exactly the optical fiber that contains dopant, and different control signal control pumping sources send the pump light signals of varying strength, thereby realize the control of pair amplifier gain.The amplification process of doping image intensifer is actually such: the doping particle be not subjected under the situation of any light stimulus, be in lowest energy level, when pump light is injected, the energy of doping particle absorptive pumping light, to the high level transition, because pump light is constantly imported, population constantly increases, thereby realized population inversion, when input optical signal passes through this section doped fiber, the doping particle transits to ground state with the form of stimulated radiation, and the living photon of the photon in generation and the incident optical signal, thereby increased the quantity of photon in the flashlight greatly, promptly realized the function that flashlight constantly is exaggerated in the transmission course of doped optical fibre amplifier, we can be clearly seen that from the amplification process of doped amplifiers, change the energy of pump light, the photon number that then is input in the doped fiber also changes, thereby makes when input optical signal passes through doped fiber, the doping particle radiation can produce the photon of different numbers, and the gain of corresponding image intensifer has also obtained change.
For non-linear fiber amplifier, optical amplification medium shown in Figure 1 is actually ordinary optic fibre, and different control signal control pumping sources send the pump light signals of varying strength, thereby realize the control of pair amplifier gain.For non-linear fiber amplifier, when pump light and flashlight transmit in optical fiber simultaneously, the energy of pump light is transferred to flashlight (for Raman Fiber Amplifier by non-linear effect, the incident pump photon shifts energy by inelastic scattering to flashlight, for Brillouin fiber amplifier, the incident pump photon shifts energy by stimulated Raman scattering to flashlight), make flashlight obtain amplifying.Control signal is controlled the pumping light intensity by changing the control voltage swing, makes that corresponding pump photon number also obtains changing, thereby makes the energy that shifts to flashlight also change, and has so just realized the control of pair amplifier gain.
For semiconductor optical amplifier, optical amplification medium shown in Figure 1 is actually the semiconductor medium with different doped layers, pumping source is actually a voltage current adapter, and the control signal of different amplitudes is through converting the current signal of different sizes to behind the pumping source.Current signal is injected into the active region of semiconductor optical amplifier, make the conduction band electron number constantly increase, thereby realized population inversion, when flashlight process semi-conductor amplifier, the signal photon hits the excited electron in the conduction band, will produce a new photon like this, the energy of corresponding light signal increases, and has promptly realized the light amplification process.Change the size of injection current, the excited electron number also changes, and the stimulated photon that can be radiated also changes, thereby has realized the control to light amplifier gain.
In optical-fiber network was used, image intensifer can be divided into again by function: light preamplifier (put before the abbreviation, principal feature is low noise, low input optical power); Optical line amplifier (be called for short line and put, principal feature is high-gain, moderate input optical power); Power amplifier (be called for short power amplifier, principal feature is high input optical power and high saturated Output optical power).Light preamplifier, generally be placed on the front of receiving end photodetector, before carrying out opto-electronic conversion, earlier the miniwatt light signal that comes from Transmission Fibers is amplified by photodetector, because it can not introduced the thermonoise of photodetector and back electron-amplifier thereof, therefore, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the sensitivity of fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) receiving end; Optical line amplifier generally is placed on the centre of Transmission Fibers, on the optical signal transmission road light signal is amplified, and its gain is bigger, utilizes it can replace traditional photoelectricity optical repeater, thereby realizes the optical fiber communication of full optical relay; Power amplifier, generally be placed on after the transmitting terminal light source, the output optical signal power is carried out power amplification, utilize this power-like amplifier, can improve the actual luminous power that enters Optical Fiber Transmission (or distribution) system of transmitting terminal, improved transmission range or area coverage, alleviated the demanding pressure of light source output power.In fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS), it is bigger that the amplitude of light signal often differs, if these signals all are input in the image intensifer of a fixed type, though these Amplifier Gain can change by regulating pumping source, but its range of adjustment is limited, and the image intensifer of a fixed type is difficult to satisfy the requirement of different input optical signals to indexs such as the gain of image intensifer, noise, saturated Output optical power.Therefore, people will choose different image intensifer types according to the requirement of fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) in concrete the application, and function corresponding.
The present invention will be devoted to study a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier, and the amplifier that it is can be according to the different choice of input signal light power different adapts to the requirement of light signal to indexs such as the gain of image intensifer, noise, saturation output powers.Like this, a multi-functional amplifier just can be taken into account the type and the correlation function of above-mentioned image intensifer simultaneously, makes image intensifer use more convenient and normalization at optical-fiber network.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier, compare with similar image intensifer, the characteristics that put before having, line is put to roll into one with function such as power amplifier, and dynamic range is big, functional diversities, can adapt to multiple demands of applications.
A kind of multifunctional optical amplifier provided by the invention as shown in Figure 2, is characterized in that, it is made up of photo-coupler 1,1 * N photoswitch 2, light amplifier module 3, N * 1 photoswitch 4, photo-coupler 5, controller 6; Described light amplifier module 3 is made of side by side the image intensifer that N has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margin, different saturation output power, different noise figure and different wavelength coverage, and each amplifier is formed by connecting by corresponding pumping source and optical amplification medium; Described controller 6 is made up of input optical power testing circuit 7, optical switch control circuit 8, image intensifer control circuit 9, optical switch control circuit 10, Output optical power testing circuit 11; The light signal of input is divided into two-way by photo-coupler 1, one the tunnel is input to the light input end of light amplifier module 3 through 1 * N photoswitch 2, another road is connected to the light input end of input optical power testing circuit 7, the electric signal of input optical power testing circuit 7 outputs is divided into three the tunnel, one the tunnel is input to the input end of optical switch control circuit 8, other one the tunnel is input to an input end of image intensifer control circuit 9, also has one tunnel input end that is input to optical switch control circuit 10; The control signal of optical switch control circuit 8 outputs is input to the signal input end of 1 * N photoswitch 2, and the control signal of optical switch control circuit 10 outputs is input to the signal input end of N * 1 photoswitch 4; The output light signal that light amplifier module 3 amplifies is through N * 1 photoswitch, 4 input photo-couplers 5, photo-coupler 5 is divided into two-way with light signal, one the tunnel directly exports, other one the tunnel is input to the light input end of Output optical power testing circuit 11, the electric signal of Output optical power testing circuit 11 outputs is input to another input end of image intensifer control circuit 9, and image intensifer control circuit 9 is exported the signal input end of N control signal to the corresponding light amplifier respectively.
Described photo-coupler 1,5 can be all kinds of photo-couplers such as optical fiber pyrometric cone coupling mechanism, micro optical element coupling mechanism.
Described 1 * N photoswitch 2 or N * 1 photoswitch 4 can be all kinds of photoswitches such as mems optical switch, waveguide optical switch, mechanical optical switch, electric light photoswitch.
General 1 * N photoswitch all is made up of 1 * 2 photoswitch (or 1 * 3 photoswitch) cascade, particularly adopt 1 * 2 photoswitch to have the simple advantage of control, 1 * 8 photoswitch is made up of 3 grades of 71 * 2 photoswitches as shown in Figure 3, its principle of work is: the ON-OFF control circuit desire is selected 3. individual port, only need make three the data line outputs " 101 " that are connected with photoswitch, corresponding 1 * 2 photoswitch branch leading is got final product (for the representative of the branch leading above 1 * 2 photoswitch " 1 ", following branch leading representative " 0 "), as shown in Figure 3, " 111 " corresponding 1. individual port, in like manner, desire is selected 8. individual port, ON-OFF control circuit only needs to send " 000 " to three data lines that are connected with 1 * 2 photoswitch, corresponding 1 * 2 photoswitch branch leading is got final product, by that analogy, the formation of 1 * N photoswitch and control as can be known more than repeats no more for mature technology; Moreover N * 1 photoswitch 4 is identical with 1 * N photoswitch principle, and the input and output light path is just in time opposite, repeats no more.
Described light amplifier module 3 can be made up of a plurality of dissimilar and image intensifers difference in functionality, type can be that (wherein representational be Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) to doped optical fibre amplifier, EDFA), (wherein representational is Raman Fiber Amplifier to the nonlinear optical fiber amplifier, RFA) and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA); Function can be light preamplifier (put before the abbreviation, principal feature is low noise, low input optical power), optical line amplifier (be called for short line and put, principal feature is a high-gain); Power amplifier (be called for short power amplifier, principal feature is high Output optical power).Each image intensifer has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margins, different saturation output powers, different noise figures and different wavelength coverages; And by image intensifer control circuit 9 implement respectively control.
Essence of the present invention is: multifunctional optical amplifier provided by the invention, detect the luminous power of input and output light signal by the input and output optical detection circuit, control the input and output photoswitch then, the light amplifier module of light signal requirement is satisfied in selection, by the gain and the parameter of controller control image intensifer, can realize dissimilar, different big primary optical signals are amplified simultaneously; Compare with similar image intensifer, the characteristics that put before having, line is put to roll into one with function such as power amplifier, and dynamic range is big, functional diversities, the multiple demands of applications of adaptation.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The light signal of input is divided into two-way by photo-coupler 1, and one the road is connected to the input end of 1 * N photoswitch 2, and another road is connected to input optical power testing circuit 7, and the input optical power testing circuit detects the size of input optical signal, the output electric signal; This signal is divided into three the tunnel, the one tunnel and is input to optical switch control circuit 8, and other one the tunnel is input to an input end of image intensifer control circuit 9, also has one the tunnel to be input to optical switch control circuit 10; Optical switch control circuit 8,10 sizes according to input optical signal power are controlled 1 * N photoswitch and N * 1 photoswitch, make it select different image intensifers according to different optical signal powers; Behind the output light signal that light amplifier module 3 amplifies, be input to photo-coupler 5 through N * 1 photoswitch 4, photo-coupler 5 is divided into two-way with light signal, one the tunnel directly exports, other one the tunnel is input to Output optical power testing circuit 11, the Output optical power testing circuit is input to its detected electric signal another input end of image intensifer control circuit, the difference that the image intensifer control circuit obtains signal amplitude according to input and output luminous power testing circuit changes the intensity of input pumping light of selected image intensifer or the size of injection current, thereby controls gain and other parameter of selected image intensifer.
Utilize multifunctional optical amplifier provided by the invention, have the following advantages with similar image intensifer contrast:
1, takes into account the function of multiple function image intensifer simultaneously, put functions such as device and power amplifier as light preamplifier, optical link and roll into one;
2, take into account the function of polytype image intensifer simultaneously, put functions such as device and Raman Fiber Amplifier as semiconductor optical amplifier, Er-doped fiber and roll into one;
3, have big input and output optical signal power dynamic range and gain dynamic range.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is image intensifer ultimate principle figure.
Fig. 2 is a multifunctional optical amplifier structured flowchart of the present invention.
1-photo-coupler wherein, 2-1 * N photoswitch, 3-light amplifier module, 4-N * 1 photoswitch, the 5-photo-coupler, 6-controller, 7-input optical power testing circuit, 8-optical switch control circuit, 9-image intensifer control circuit, 10-optical switch control circuit, 11-Output optical power testing circuit.
Fig. 3 is 1 * 8 photoswitch schematic diagram.
Wherein 21～27 is 1 * 2 photoswitch, and 28 is control circuit.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of a kind of embodiment of the present invention.
1-fiber coupler wherein, 2-1 * 3 photoswitches, 3-light amplifier module, 4-3 * 1 photoswitch, the 5-fiber coupler, 6-controller, 7-input optical power testing circuit, 8-optical switch control circuit, 9-image intensifer control circuit, 10-optical switch control circuit, 11-Output optical power testing circuit.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 4 is a kind of embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is fiber coupler, and 2 is 1 * 3 photoswitch, and 3 is light amplifier module, 4 is 3 * 1 photoswitches, 5 is fiber coupler, and 6 is controller, and 7 is the input optical power testing circuit, 8 is optical switch control circuit, 9 is the image intensifer control circuit, and 10 is optical switch control circuit, and 11 is the Output optical power testing circuit.
Described 1 * 3 photoswitch 2 is formed (as shown in Figure 3) by 2 grades of 31 * 2MEMS photoswitches, its principle of work is as shown in Figure 3: for 1 * 3 photoswitch, the ON-OFF control circuit desire is selected the A port, only need make and 21, two data line outputs " 11 " that 22 photoswitches are connected, branch leading gets final product above making corresponding 1 * 2 photoswitch, i.e. " 11 " corresponding A port, desire is selected the B port, ON-OFF control circuit only needs to 21,22 two data lines that are connected send " 10 " respectively, make the top branch leading of photoswitch 21, the following branch leading of photoswitch 22, desire is selected the C port, control circuit only needs to 21,23 two data lines that are connected send " 01 " respectively, make the following branch leading of photoswitch 21, and the top branch leading of photoswitch 22 gets final product; 3 * 1 photoswitches 4 are identical with 1 * 3 photoswitch principle, and the input and output light path is just in time opposite, repeats no more.
Described light amplifier module 3 by 3 independently Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) form, each erbium doped optical fibre light amplifier has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margins, different saturation output powers, different noise figures and different wavelength coverages; The function that has prime amplifier, optical line amplifier and power amplifier respectively; And by image intensifer control circuit 9 implement respectively control.
The annexation of the specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
The light signal of input is divided into two-way (splitting ratio is 5: 95) by a fiber coupler 1; Wherein 95% a road be connected to 1 * 3 photoswitch 2, the light signal on another road 5% is connected to the light input end of input optical power testing circuit 7; The output terminal of input optical power testing circuit 7 is connected respectively to the input end of input end, image intensifer control circuit 9 of optical switch control circuit 8 and the input end of optical switch control circuit 10, and another input end of image intensifer control circuit 9 is the output terminal of Output optical power testing circuit 11; The output terminal of optical switch control circuit 8 is connected to the control end of photoswitch 2, the output terminal of image intensifer control circuit 10 is connected respectively to the light preamplifier of light amplifier module 3, the control end that optical link is put device and power amplifier, and the output terminal of optical switch control circuit 10 is connected to the control end of photoswitch 4; 3 output terminals of photoswitch 2 are connected with the input end that light preamplifier, the optical link of light amplifier module 3 are put device and power amplifier respectively; The output terminal of light amplifier module 3 is connected with the input end of photoswitch 4 respectively; The output terminal of photoswitch 4 is connected with fiber coupler 5; Fiber coupler 5 is divided into two-way (splitting ratio is 5: 95) with light signal; One road 95% light signal is directly exported, and the light signal on another road 5% is connected to Output optical power testing circuit 11;
The principle of work of specific embodiments of the invention is as follows:
The light signal of input is divided into two-way by the input optical fibre coupling mechanism, one the road is connected to the input end of 1 * 3 photoswitch, another road is connected to the input optical power testing circuit of controller, and the input optical power testing circuit detects the size of input optical signal, the output electric signal; This signal is divided into three tunnel, one tunnel optical switch control circuit that is input to front end, and one the tunnel is input to an input end of image intensifer control circuit, and other one the tunnel is input to the optical switch control circuit of rear end; Optical switch control circuit is controlled 1 * 3 photoswitch and 3 * 1 photoswitches according to the size of input optical signal, makes it select different image intensifers according to different luminous powers; Be input to the output optical fibre coupling mechanism through 3 * 1 photoswitches behind the light signal of image intensifer output, fiber coupler is divided into two-way with light signal, one the tunnel directly exports, other one the tunnel is input to an end of Output optical power testing circuit, the Output optical power testing circuit is input to its detected electric signal an input end of image intensifer control circuit, the difference that the image intensifer control circuit obtains signal amplitude according to input and output luminous power testing circuit changes the intensity of input pumping light of selected image intensifer or the size of injection current, thereby controls gain and other parameter of selected image intensifer.
Need to prove: the fiber coupler in the foregoing description, photoswitch, light amplifier module (light preamplifier, optical link are put device and power amplifier) are ripe parts, so just can reduce R﹠D costs greatly, put before obtaining, line is put and function such as power amplifier rolls into one, and dynamic range is big, functional diversities, the multiple application of adaptation require image intensifer.
The image intensifer that the embodiment of the invention provides, light harvesting prime amplifier, optical link are put functions such as device and power amplifier, the image intensifer that it is can be according to the different choice of input optical signal power different.The minimum luminous power of amplifying is better than-30dBm, and the maximum luminous power of amplifying is better than 10dBm, and dynamic range is better than 40dB.The light signal that it can be widely used in optical communication and the optical fiber telecommunications system amplifies.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier is characterized in that, it is made up of photo-coupler (1), 1 * N photoswitch (2), light amplifier module (3), N * 1 photoswitch (4), photo-coupler (5), controller (6); Described light amplifier module (3) is made of side by side the image intensifer that N has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margin, different saturation output power, different noise figure and different wavelength coverage, and each amplifier is formed by connecting by corresponding pumping source and optical amplification medium; Described controller (6) is made up of input optical power testing circuit (7), optical switch control circuit (8), image intensifer control circuit (9), optical switch control circuit (10), Output optical power testing circuit (11); The light signal of input is divided into two-way by photo-coupler (1), one the tunnel is input to the light input end of light amplifier module (3) through 1 * N photoswitch (2), another road is connected to the light input end of input optical power testing circuit (7), the electric signal that the input optical power testing circuit is visited (7) output is divided into three the tunnel, one the tunnel is input to the input end of optical switch control circuit (8), other one the tunnel is input to an input end of image intensifer control circuit (9), also has one tunnel input end that is input to optical switch control circuit (10); The control signal of optical switch control circuit (8) output is input to the signal input end of 1 * N photoswitch (2), and the control signal of optical switch control circuit (10) output is input to the signal input end of N * 1 photoswitch (4); The output light signal that light amplifier module (3) amplifies is through N * 1 photoswitch (4) input photo-coupler (5), photo-coupler (5) is divided into two-way with light signal, one the tunnel directly exports, other one the tunnel is input to the light input end of Output optical power testing circuit (11), the electric signal of Output optical power testing circuit (11) output is input to another input end of image intensifer control circuit (9), and image intensifer control circuit (9) is exported the signal input end of N control signal to the corresponding light amplifier respectively;
" N " value in the described multifunctional optical amplifier is the natural number more than or equal to 3.
2, a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described photo-coupler (1,5) is optical fiber pyrometric cone coupling mechanism or micro optical element coupling mechanism.
3, a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described 1 * N photoswitch (2) or N * 1 photoswitch (4) is mems optical switch, waveguide optical switch, mechanical optical switch or electric light photoswitch.
4, a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described light amplifier module (3) is made up of a plurality of dissimilar and image intensifers difference in functionality; Type is a doped optical fibre amplifier, as Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); Or the nonlinear optical fiber amplifier, as Raman Fiber Amplifier; Or semiconductor optical amplifier; Function is a light preamplifier, or optical line amplifier, or power amplifier; Each image intensifer has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margins, different saturation output powers, different noise figures and different wavelength coverages.
5, a kind of multifunctional optical amplifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described 1 * N photoswitch (2) is 1 * 3 mems optical switch, and described N * 1 photoswitch (4) is 3 * 1 mems optical switch; Described light amplifier module (3) by 3 independently Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) form, each erbium doped optical fibre light amplifier has different input optical signal power brackets, different gain margins, different saturation output powers, different noise figures and different wavelength coverages; The function that has prime amplifier, optical line amplifier and power amplifier respectively, and by image intensifer control circuit (9) implement respectively control.
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| CNB2005100217781A CN1327286C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Multifunctional optical amplifier |
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| CN100395578C (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-06-18 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Gain space set erbium doped optical fiber amplifier |
| CN105156985A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight source and display device |
| CN105071864A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏亿通高科技股份有限公司 | Optical fiber amplifier with radio frequency detection function |
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| CN1338659A (en) * | 2001-10-08 | 2002-03-06 | 上海交通大学 | Adaptive intelligent optical fiber amplifier |
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| CN1338659A (en) * | 2001-10-08 | 2002-03-06 | 上海交通大学 | Adaptive intelligent optical fiber amplifier |
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