CN1327182C

CN1327182C - Sheet filled lamination for generating spiral air flow in heat and mass exchange and contact device

Info

Publication number: CN1327182C
Application number: CNB991243404A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 理查德·H·哈里森; 托马斯·P·卡特; 萨拉·L·费拉里; 布赖恩·F·加里施
Original assignee: Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc
Current assignee: Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc
Priority date: 1999-09-01
Filing date: 1999-11-24
Publication date: 2007-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2019-11-24
Also published as: HUP9904388A1; BR9906066A; CN1286389A; AU766548B2; AU2083200A; KR20010029551A; MXPA99010881A; KR100338718B1; IL133018A0; ID25940A

Abstract

A film fill-pack has a plurality of fill-sheets with an ordered array of ridges and grooves generally extending above a planar surface on both the obverse and reverse surfaces of a fill-sheet, which fill-sheets at an assembled state provide the ridges and grooves of facing obverse and reverse surfaces of adjacent fill-sheets in an arrangement providing a plurality of channels between adjacent fill-sheets for gas flow therethrough and where the ordered arrangement of ridges and grooves induces spiraling of the gas flow through the channels for promotion of improved heat transfer; and, where the fill-sheets further include a spacing arrangement providing a compact nesting of adjacent sheets with minimal sheet-to-sheet displacement at least at two of the edges for compact handling, transfer and storage with a self-spacing of adjacent fill-sheets at assembly of the film fill-pack.

Description

Have the heat exchange of cooling fluid and the absorption of fluids screen of mass exchange device

The present invention is that application number is the continuous application of 09/200,546 the U.S. Patent application of not concluding, and this application is in this manual with reference to quoting.

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for the liquids and gases contact device of heat-exchange device or mass exchange device.Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of heat exchange or mass exchange medium or film bag that is used for cooling tower, wherein as the used for cooling tower of liquid-gas contact device in the Cooling Heat Transfer fluid.Heat exchange medium and mass exchange medium, or the general relative current of film packaging material material crosses the fluid perpendicular positioning of material, air stream then by laterally steering by the loose stacked or filling bag that separates, with heat exchange and mass exchange fluid interaction.Film packaging material material operated by rotary motion has the constructional device of control fluid stream flow between fluid feed apparatus and hopper, wherein the fluid feed apparatus is arranged at the top of cooling tower, and hopper is arranged at the bottom of cooling tower, and the flow of described controlled fluid stream has increased the time of contact of the air or the gas of fluid and lateral flow.The flow of control or suppression fluid stream can only be as a kind of reference means of fluid control with the time of contact of increase and flowing gas or fluid.

Background technology

For increasing the contact surface of fluid in gas or air and the film packaging material material, have ever made the trial that various structure, material and physics are provided with.This will improve the efficient of heat exchange and mass exchange, thereby improve the efficient of heat exchange and mass exchange equipment (for example cooling tower).The thermal efficiency of cooling tower and the air capacity that flows through cooling tower, flow through the fluid-air contacting surface of unit fluid of cooling tower and relevant near the turbulence level of the air stream of contact surface and current.The United States Patent (USP) 3,286999 that licenses to Takeda discloses a kind of technical scheme that forms bigger contact surface with increase cooling tower efficient between air and fluid.In this structure, show the banded staggered corrugated rib that passes the film bag, this structure comprises or does not comprise blanking bar, but these two kinds of settings all are included in the ledge of the hollow of extending on the corrugated surface.These sheetings can be the polyvinyl chloride with specific bandwidth and ditch groove tilt angle.Binder is bonded at ground rice (ricepowder) on the surface of film bag.This patent thinks that ground rice or other material can serve as wetting agent, so that water spreads on sheet surface.In addition, it also proposes to improve by adding surfactant in water the degree of moistened surface.

License to people's such as Kinney United States Patent (USP) 4,548,766 disclose a kind of molding sheet of the water cooling tower that is used to flow over, and this filling thin slice has the V-arrangement decorative pattern of repetition, this decorative pattern is projection on a surface of thin slice, then forms groove on another surface.The improvement of heat exchange is to be produced by the lateral slope of the vertical height of the gradient between the ledge, decorative pattern, ledge and the interval between the contiguous slices.The dividing plate of W shape is outstanding along relative direction from each thin slice, and these W shape dividing plates have complementary groove, to hold the leg part of dividing plate, concerns thereby keep level required between the contiguous slices to isolate.These dividing plates tilt, to form minimum air streams contact surface.The V-arrangement decorative pattern repeats with the angled protrusions row of alternation arrangement and the form of rows of trenches.But, also can ring-shaped groove be set along the plumb line of the relative both sides of thin slice, this ring-shaped groove can be used as extracting tool (knockout) and uses, to hold cramp bar.The use of believing W shape dividing plate will wrap in assembling in the cooling tower by eliminating the necessary bonding film that helps of filler.

The United States Patent (USP) 3,599,943 that licenses to Munters discloses a kind of contact filler goods with corrugated pleated structure or foldable structure.This contact filler is vertically positioned on thin layer or the thin slice, and thin layer or thin slice are formed by cross one another fold in adjacent layer.Described layer can be with strengthening material (for example resin) impregnated cellulose or asbestos.The fold of this intersection holds mutually, can be along level and vertical direction continually varying passage to form its width.So just can increase contacting of air and water, thus cooling water more effectively.Similarly, the United States Patent (USP) 3,395,903 that licenses to people such as Norback discloses a kind of filler part that bonds together.The corrugated thin slice of this material has the ripple of a predetermined angular, and thin slice links together at its edge, and forms passage between corrugated layer.

United States Patent (USP) 3,540,702 show a kind of thin slice filler with zigzag ripple, this material along many straight lines that are horizontally through ripple towards its plain bending.A plurality of thin slices link together back-to-back, so that the sweep of adjacent panels extends along relative both direction, thereby form the gas passage of big flow, and form the groove line of liquid flow path simultaneously.

The United States Patent (USP) 4,361,426 that licenses to people such as Carter discloses another kind of inclined groove shape and undulatory filling thin slice.The filler of this inclined groove shape is spaced, and the along continuous straight runs extension, and becomes the corrugated perpendicular positioning, and the zigzag groove by molded inclination has increased its surface (intensity) simultaneously.This material has increased the wetted surface area that the filling thin slice exposes, and produces the turbulent flow of air in the passage between the filling thin slice.The purpose that increases flow and surface area is: increase the time of contact of air and water, thereby increase the hot property of filler.

The United States Patent (USP) 4,518,544 that licenses to people such as Carter discloses a kind of spiral filler, and this material is made up of single thin slice arranged side by side, and these thin slices are sinusoidal or the spirality with ledge.Adjacent thin slice is sinusoidal in relative path.Thin slice keeps or is bearing on the appropriate location by being arranged at the outstanding positioner of isolated sphere on arbitrary thin slice and being arranged at the recessed positioner of isolated nest shape on arbitrary thin slice.The width of this groove from the bottom margin to the top on bossing constant variation.On arbitrary position of Sidewall angles in the thin slice height of filling groove on the plane of the vertical relatively thin slice of groove all is a constant angles.

License to Kinney, people's such as Jr. United States Patent (USP) 4,801,410 discloses a kind of filling thin slice of vacuum forming, and this thin slice is provided with isolated part, with periphery and the certain interval of inner maintenance at filling thin slice bag.These independently thin slice be made into corrugated decorative pattern, corrugated decorative pattern comprises crest and the trough that contiguous slices tilts along relative direction, thereby keeps the interval of thin slice.The interval that helps keeping thin slice along the cellular interval that the front edge of contiguous slices and lateral edges form.

The United States Patent (USP) 5,722,258 that licenses to Aitken discloses a kind of filling bag with corrugated metal parts, and also is provided with vertical channel between the adjacent metal parts.The corrugated of filler partly is provided with boring.The ripple of each several part extends to horizontal direction with a predetermined angular.In this invention, ripple plays the effect of fin, thereby increases heat transfer area.

Summary of the invention

Heat-conducting medium of the present invention or filling thin slice can make the thermal efficiency of filling thin slice be greatly improved by following setting: a kind of special structure is removed adjacent many rows fold or V-arrangement from redundance; Protuberance automatic centering on the adjacent filling thin slice, with the clear airflow path that forms, this passage is used for forming the vortex of air stream in each passage, and the air stream that makes adjacency channel simultaneously is along opposite direction rotation; The filling sheet surface that is used for compact storage, transports and be easy in cooling tower, assemble; Clean and special hole, be used in cooling tower, assembling and supporting a plurality of bars, and do not need other parts or structure; Be used between contiguous slices, keeping the distance member of spacing distance, and do not need to calibrate separately each filling thin slice; Be easy to the manufacturing of continuous filling thin slice by the vacuum forming of thermoformable plastic.The ripple on the filling sheet surface or the displacement angle of fold are illustrated relative to the form that vertical line moves with concrete fold.The relative angular displacement of filling thin slice in the manufacture process and the method that forms vertical displacement can be readily incorporated in the manufacturing of filling thin slice and go.

One dehumidifier parts and suction grid parts are set at corresponding outlet and porch, perhaps are integral with the filling thin slice, perhaps are independent of the filling thin slice, are carried secretly by air or run off with cooling fluid to prevent cooling fluid.The pressure drop that suction grid disclosed in this invention pass the screen surface by reduction is improved operating efficiency.This dehumidifier parts all have the cross section of symmetry on each dehumidifier element, promptly both had bigger S shape groove, be provided with microchannels again between adjacent S shape groove, it is used for absorbed fluid is transported in the hopper of filling thin slice and cooling tower.Two kinds of grooves are transported to outward flange and outlet edge with an angle that makes progress from inward flange.

The filling thin slice of described manufacture method continuous repetition decorative pattern for manufacturing has provides the correct order or the correct number of plate.Between the adjacent part of filling thin slice in mould a potted line is arranged, but also single mould can be set, with the filling thin slice that forms many plates or the filling thin slice of veneer piece, perhaps mould can form the thin slice of single lengthening.These are provided with and all are combined with assembling passage and cramp bar passage.The filling lamina dimensions of specific mold structure and shaping or use a plurality of plates make many plates thin slice all be the design in selectable scheme.

Description of drawings

In the accompanying drawings, the identical identical parts of Reference numeral representative, wherein accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the partial sectional view of existing crossflow cooling tower and film bag;

Figure 1A is the cutaway view of the crossflow cooling tower of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is the amplification view of the film bag in the crossflow cooling tower of Fig. 1;

The plan view of (as-formed) filling thin slice when Fig. 3 A is moulding, this thin slice comprise a plurality of moulding plates and the suction grid that are arranged on the leading edge, and wherein the moulding plate is provided with oval-shaped assembling and support channels;

Fig. 3 B is the plan view of the filling thin slice when being same as the moulding of Fig. 3 A, and this filling thin slice is provided with oval-shaped assembling and support channels, and back edge is provided with dehumidifier;

Fig. 3 C is the plan view of the filling thin slice when being same as the moulding of Fig. 3 A, and this filling thin slice is provided with circular assembling and support channels, and leading edge is provided with the suction grid;

Fig. 3 D is the plan view of the filling thin slice when being same as the moulding of Fig. 3 B, and its leading edge of this thin slice is provided with a dehumidifier;

The plan view of the filling thin slice when Fig. 3 E is moulding, this filling thin slice is provided with suction grid at its leading edge, and its rear rim is provided with a dehumidifier;

Fig. 3 F is the top view of the dehumidifier according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 G is the top view of existing dehumidifier;

Fig. 4 A is the outline drawing of the filling thin slice mould be made up of two plates, dehumidifier lateral edges during moulding is parallel to vertical direction or vertical, top edge and lower limb move apart horizontal axis according to certain angle, and two plate portions when also shown is moulding and the adjacent separated defiber of two boards;

Fig. 4 B is the outline drawing of the filling thin slice mould of veneer piece, the suction grid when its leading edge is provided with moulding;

Fig. 4 C is the cutaway view of suction grid along the hatching 6A-6A of Fig. 4 B;

Fig. 4 D is the end view of suction grid;

Fig. 4 E is the end view of the suction grid parts of Fig. 4 D, and shows the final favose structure with regular hexagon grid;

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of pack portion along the hatching 5-5 of Fig. 4 A and 4B;

Fig. 5 A is the elevation of the suction grid shown in Fig. 4 D;

Fig. 6 A is the cutaway view of dehumidifier part along the hatching 6-6 of Fig. 4 A;

Fig. 6 B is the amplification plan view of part dehumidifier;

Fig. 6 C is the amplification view of dehumidifier along the hatching 6C-6C of Fig. 6 B;

Fig. 6 D is that micro-groove between the dehumidifier screen is along the cutaway view of the hatching 6D-6D of Fig. 6 B;

Fig. 6 E is the end view according to single suction grid of the present invention;

Fig. 6 F is the anterior elevation of the suction grid of Fig. 6 B;

The end view of the suction grid assembly of Fig. 6 G according to the present invention, these suction grid parts are equipped with the alveolate texture of non-regular hexagon grid;

Fig. 7 is the amplification view of the ellipse during moulding and circular combination support channels profile among Fig. 3 A and the 3B;

Fig. 7 A is the amplification three-dimensional view of shape outside the ellipse of Fig. 7 and the circular support channels;

Fig. 7 B is the cutaway view of shape outside the ellipse of Fig. 7 and the circular support channels;

Fig. 8 is the plan view of existing V-arrangement filling thin slice;

Fig. 8 A is the side view that has the filling thin slice now shown in Figure 8;

Fig. 9 is the amplification end view of three filling thin slices that are assembled together along the hatching 5-5 of Fig. 4 A and 4B, and these filling thin slice crests are assembled together with aiming at crest, to form passage between the trough of aiming at;

Fig. 9 A is the amplification end view of Fig. 9, in the figure, has a plurality of surfaces and interrupt on the surface that the filling thin slice is faced;

Figure 10 is the zoomed-in view of a passage, is provided with air stream helix in the passage shown in it;

Figure 11 A is the amplification plan view of one of filling thin slice with the Fig. 9 on three circulation surfaces;

Figure 11 B is the amplification plan view with another filling thin slice of two surperficial Fig. 9 that circulate;

Figure 11 C is the three-dimensional view of part filling thin slice;

Figure 11 D is the end view of filling sheet surface along the straight line of the hatching 13-13 that is parallel to Figure 11 A;

Figure 11 E is the amplification view of spaced surface device shown in Figure 11 C and chou joint (nodules);

Figure 12 is the trough of adjacent slot and the protruding crest cutaway view along the hatching 12-12 of Figure 11 A, and the plan-position of hatching 12-12 is also shown in Figure 9;

Figure 13 be sheet surface between the crest along the zoomed-in view of the hatching 13-13 of Figure 11 A, the plan-position of hatching 13-13 is shown in Figure 9;

Figure 14 shows the ellipse of each plate that is arranged at each thin slice or adds microscler profile, and it is also shown in Fig. 7 to Fig. 7 B;

Figure 14 A shows the rectangular profile of each plate of each thin slice among another embodiment;

Figure 15 is the interior circular contour of ellipse of Figure 14;

Figure 15 A is the interior square part of rectangular profile of Figure 14 A, and is provided with the supporting rod structure of an overlapping alternation;

Figure 16 shows in the process and is stacked in the situation that the form in the trough is combined closely with crest between the filling thin slice;

Figure 17 is for being in the exploded view of the amplification of the filling thin slice in the process among Figure 16;

Figure 18 shows the situation that the filling thin slice that assembles is aimed at the thin slice on being suspended on swing pipe;

The exploded view of the amplification that Figure 19 aims at by the mode of Figure 18 for the filling thin slice in the process;

Figure 20 is another view according to the stream of air in the passage of filling thin slice of Fig. 9, the figure shows the situation of passage flow pattern confusion;

Figure 21 is the view again according to the stream of air in the passage of filling thin slice of Fig. 9, the figure shows the situation of passage flow pattern confusion;

Figure 22 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of amplification of the film bag of counter-flow cooling tower;

Figure 23 is the cutaway view according to the counter-flow cooling tower of Figure 22.

The specific embodiment

Heat exchange medium and mass exchange medium can be used to multiple heat exchange and mass exchange equipment, and these equipment comprise: cooling tower, catalyzed conversion tower, scrubbing tower, wet cooling tower and other device.In Fig. 1 and 2, show existing crossflow cooling tower 10 with the form of partial sectional view, and show the few component parts of cooling tower 10.Particularly, film bag 12 comprises a plurality of single heat and the exchange media or the filling thin slice 14 of material, suction grid 16, cooling tower fan 18, hopper 20 and several structural support member 22.In Fig. 1, be illustrated with 10 parts of the cooling tower shown in striping form with zoomed-in view in Fig. 2.Filling bag 12 comprises a plurality of parallel filling thin slices 14, and these thin slices are hung vertically in the cooling tower 10.The outer surface of filling bag 12 or front surface are near the grid 16 that independently absorb water, and its inner surface or rear surface are then near fan 18.The lower limb 130 of filling thin slice is near the hopper among Fig. 1, the 1A and 2 among Fig. 4 B.

The direction of the direction of air stream and current is shown in Figure 1A in relative position between each assembly of cooling tower, the cooling tower 10.In the figure, air-flow direction is by arrow 30 expressions, and current or direction of liquid flow are by 32 expressions of the arrow in the filling bag 12, and the flow direction of hot-air or waste gas is by arrow 34 expressions.Dehumidifier 28 and filling thin slice 14 are integrally formed and be arranged at usually on the back edge 26.The distribution channel 36 that is positioned on the cat head 38 comprises a distributing nozzle 40, and this nozzle is used for uniform distribution hot water on whole filling bag 12, and this distribution channel or sparge pipe 36 are also shown in Figure 1.Cooling tower 10 has reduced the temperature of the water in the cooling system, and this temperature reduces and normally to realize in the following manner: the air and the water that flows through whole filling thin slice 14 of first temperature are carried out heat exchange, wherein the temperature of water is the second higher temperature.Colder air reduces the temperature of water by tangible heat exchange and potential heat exchange, and potential heat exchange is to be achieved by evaporate sub-fraction water on the filling sheet surface.Water by filling thin slice 14 is recycled in the hopper 20, is used for being recycled to described cooling system.Temperature that it is generally acknowledged water in hopper 20 is low more, and the work of cooling system is also just effective more, economical more.

Fig. 8 shows the filling thin slice 270 of prior art with plan view, and this filling thin slice is formed with alternately V-arrangement rib or the ripples arranged of centering of many rows in its surface.In the filling thin slice 270 that the vertical blue or green herring-bone form that illustrates is in the drawings arranged, black heavier straight line is represented bump 163, and alternately more shallow lighter straight line is represented groove or trough 165 between the adjacent protrusion part 163 of protuberance 167 of horizontal line.Band shape in every row 167 protuberance tilts along the direction of alternation, so that current flow downward from the surface of filling thin slice 270.Shown in the side view of Fig. 8 A, its obverse and reverse shows as the surface of plane for the front 271 of the filling thin slice 270 of prior art and reverse side 273.Although can play a role in these two surfaces, its not with adjacent filling sheet surface co-operating, forming the clear air duct that limits, thereby increase air stream and promote the air miscarriage to give birth to screw.The surface 271 and 273 of the filling thin slice 270 of prior art comprises linear trough 275 and the linear crest 277 that is positioned at planar surface 271 and 273 in plan view.In a unshowned embodiment, some ledges can be set to isolate adjacent thin slice.

Crossflow cooling tower 10 for reference only structure is used to comprise the explanation of most preferred embodiment of the filling thin slice 14 of medium or film bag 12, except as otherwise noted.Filling thin slice 14 is often used as the medium 12 of heat exchange and mass exchange equipment.The another kind setting of the present invention's filling thin slice 14 is shown in Fig. 3 A to 3E, and particularly, the filling thin slice 14 shown in Fig. 3 A and 3B and 3C, the 3D can be arranged into over the ground and be assembled together.The filling flake structure that is assembled side by side of Xing Chenging at last, promptly filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 will form a kind of and the single continuous filling thin slice 14 similar filling flake structures shown in Fig. 3 E.These filling flake structures arranged side by side can form bigger width along the lower limb among Fig. 3 A and the 3B 154.The final filling

thin slice

50,52 or 58,60 that forms keeps similar with veneer piece filling thin slice 14 on function and structure.

The ad hoc structure of the filling thin slice 14 among Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 E only is the example of the filling thin slice 14 in the process, and it only is illustrative and not restrictive.In Fig. 3 A and 3B, the filling thin slice that illustrates has six filling

thin slice plates

54 and 56 respectively to 50 and 52, and

thin slice

50,52 cooperatively interacts to form first thin slice 14 or the thin slice A of film bag 12.Similarly, the filling thin slice with the plate 54 shown in Fig. 3 C and the 3D and 56 can be mounted to together to form second thin slice 14 or the thin slice B of same film bag 12 58,60.Above-mentioned filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 arranged side by side is included in the integrally formed suction grid 16 in front side or air intake side 24 places, and at the integrally formed dehumidifier 28 of rear side or air outlet slit side 26 places.

Each plate 54 and 56, or the filling thin slice 14 among Fig. 3 E all is provided with one passage 70 and 72 is installed, and passage 70 and 72 is delineate on basic thin slice or plate 54,56 and 14, and shown in Fig. 7,7A, the 7B, 14 and 15.In these accompanying drawings, only passage 70 has been made explanation, but these explanations are also applicable to passage 72.Passage 70 among Figure 14 is an ellipse substantially, and it comprises major axis 82, the first minor axises 84 and second minor axis 86.Major axis 82 departs from the longitudinal axis or vertical axis 80 with an angle 88, shown in Figure 1A, 3A and 3B.In Fig. 3 A to 3D, passage 70 and 72 has the major axis 82 of a parallel side edges so 24 and 26, also relative vertical axis 80 skews of this axle one angle 88.In Figure 14, the passage 70 of oval outer shape comprises first center 90 and second center 92 that is separated by a clearance distance 96.Circle among Figure 15 has a perpendicular diameter along major axis, along minor axis one trans D is arranged, and as shown in the figure, it is centered close to 92 places, center of passage 70.Among Figure 14 the geometric accurate explanation of having more of passage 70 is demonstrated first circular contour and second circular contour that is centered close to 92 places, center at 90 places, the center of being centered close to.The intersection point of each diameter of a circle 84 and 86 on periphery or circumference coupled together by tangent line.It is the ellipse of a cardinal principle that these channel designs broadly hint in the accompanying drawings, and also is to illustrate like this in specification.

In Fig. 7, oval-shaped peripheral 98 have the appearance profile 100 of protuberance.Filling thin slice 14 among Fig. 7 and the 7B is being provided with the not planar surface 104 and the acclivitous sidewall 106 of moulding near ledge 100 places.Bump 100 and sidewall 106 form the periphery 98 of profile 70 together.Similarly, intersection point place and the sidewall 106 at diameter 82 is the circle 94 with curved profile of inner hump part 110 along the inside moulding sidewall 108 that tangent

line intersects.Bump

100 and 110 and each sidewall 106,108 serve as strengthening part, shown in Figure 16,17,18,19, pass oval-shaped passageway 70 and circle 94 cramp bar 112 to hold.The oval-shaped passageway 70 among Fig. 7 B and the cutaway view of circle 94

show bump

100 and 110, and

sidewall

106 and 108.

Assembling

passage

70 and 72 forms with curve are illustrated in several accompanying drawings, but this only is illustrative, and also nonrestrictive.

Passage

470 and 472 form with rectangle in Figure 14 A and 15A is illustrated.Particularly, passage 470 shows as the square profile that interconnects.Each foursquare diagonal 474 respectively at the

center

476 and 478 places intersect gap 96 at interval between two intersection points.In this interchangeable structure, the passage 482 of rectangle or C shape can be used as cramp bar.

Mould 120,122 among Fig. 4 A and the 4B forms a zone or ripple or V-arrangement group 158 on thin slice 150, this zone 158 has the repetition profile of being made up of many rows V-arrangement.In Fig. 9, the cutaway view in the corrugated of plane thin slice 150 or V-arrangement zone 158 shows the crest and the trough array of front 151 and reverse side 153.Zone 158 shown in Fig. 9 and the 11A is the filling thin slice of three circulations, this corrugated regional 158 shape that generally has one group of relative vertical axis 160 plane inclined.Show zone 158 with smooth continuous curve in Fig. 9, also show inclined surface or bump 163 and the crest profile degree of depth 200 to crest simultaneously, this degree of depth is the distance between the crest on plane lamina 150 both sides.In Fig. 9, the surface of adjacent filling thin slice 14 is marked as front 151 and reverse side 153.But repeat in the both sides of thin slice 150 in V-arrangement zone 158, and also relevant with surface 151 or surface 153 at the explanation in zone 158.Array or regional 158 troughs 164 with crest 163A and linearity show as the circulation around neutral axis 160, and neutral axis 160 is vertical with horizontal axis 126 with planar surface 150 coplanes.

In above-mentioned several accompanying drawings, filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 broadly is described as having thin slice corrugated or V-arrangement end face or front 151 and bottom surface or reverse side 153.This v-shaped structure has formed a waveform surface, and this surface all has the crest and the trough of repetition on each filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 front or end face 151 and reverse side or bottom surface 153.This decorative pattern generally positive 151 with reverse side 153 on all be identical, therefore, can only describe, but this explanation generally also is suitable for the zone 158 of reverse side 153 positive 151.Other Reference numeral will be only applicable to filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60, but this explanation also is applicable to single filling thin slice 14.The flake structure of the assembling arranged side by side shown in Fig. 3 A and the 3B is referred to as first structure or A structure.Similarly, the flake structure of the assembling arranged side by side shown in Fig. 3 C and the 3D then is called as second structure or B structure.The distinguishing characteristics of A structure and B structure is: the specific assembling passage that passes passage 70 and 72.Particularly, the assembling passage of A thin slice is for surrounding the ellipse that forms by circumferential ridges 100, and this passage can be run through, to form the hole 194 shown in Fig. 3 A, the 3B, 17 and 19.The assembling passage of B thin slice is circular, and it can be run through, to form the circular open 196 shown in Fig. 3 C, 3D, 17 and 19.In addition, the A flake structure can be processed to predetermined length by the shearing along a shear line 152, and the B flake structure can form by the shearing along a shear line 154.Specific shear line 152 or 154 can be used for the continuous slice 50,52 of filling thin slice or the process of 58,60 and 14 sequences, and it is decided by to form the required plate 54 of design length of filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 and 14 and 56 quantity.The filling thin slice that can be A structure and B structure is prepared the plate of equal number.

Assembling passage 70 and 72 can be run through, to hold Assembly rail 112.But, the profile in hole 194 or be shaped as oval-shapedly when running through, the shape of opening 94 then is circular.In Figure 17 and 19, A flake structure 50,52 and B flake structure 58,60 comprise a plurality of Assembly rails 112, and Assembly rail 112 extends by a plurality of parallel filling thin slices that replace.In Figure 16 and 17, flake structure 50,52 arranged side by side is located on the bar 112 that the heart 92 extends among each hole 194.Along on these positions at center 92, the V-arrangement decorative pattern surface 151,153 of each filling thin slice can be connected with adjacent filling sheet surface 151 or 153, or stacked with it, is beneficial to packing and transportation after the machine-shaping.The setting of filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 or 14 this tight moulding as shown in figure 16, simultaneously, thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 arranged side by side also is provided with the corresponding corrugated surface 151 and 153 that closely is sleeved on together.The top edge 128 of filling thin slice 50,52 is from the lower limb of filling thin slice 58,60 clearance distance 96 that moves up.In Figure 16, also 130 places, edge show an identical edge dislocation gap 96 under the thin slice of close packing, and this clearance distance 96 is relevant with opening 96 with the hole 194 that original clipped position and quilt are run through.This little skew or gap 96 only are 3% of die lengths, and this is significantly less than at present for storing and transporting filling thin slice 14 suits or required about 50% the die length that is assembled together.Like this, filling thin slice 14 only needs very little storage area, and the length of its shortening can be improved the loading and unloading of a plurality of thin slice stackings.

When filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 close packings or be sleeved on a time-out, can be sleeved on by the formed straight line 210 of the crest 163A in the first filling thin slice front 151 in the trough 164 of linearity of the adjacent second filling thin slice reverse side 153, be brought together shared overall volume thereby reduce filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 or 14.Be appreciated that straight line 210 is a non-individual body among Figure 11 A, but crest 163A can be discontinuous, shown in Figure 11 D.The filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 of suit has strengthened the stability and the intensity of single filling thin slice, has improved loading and unloading simultaneously and has reduced assembled in situ transportation volume before.The chip device of this tight moulding also can improve the intensity of filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60, thereby avoids the damage in storage and transportation.

In the process that film bag 12 is assembled in the cooling tower 10, film bag 12 is by vertical hanging, and the filling

thin slice

50,52 with A type structure moves down, and forms cramp bar 112 with the center 90 along each hole 194.

Thin slice

58,60 is assembled on the bar 112 along center 92, and remains on suit setting and the position under

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 confined states, thus respectively with the A of alternation and Type B filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 among the

heart

90 and 92 centerings.The A of alternation and Type B filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60, hole 194 and opening 196, and the final alignment at

corresponding center

90,92 is illustrated with several representative filling

thin slices

50,52 and 58,60 in Figure 19.

Assembled in situ has formed the alternation thin slice in the profile of Figure 18 is aimed at, and in the structure of this film bag, and all filling

thin slices

50,52 and 58,60 top edge 12 be aligned in general all.Similarly, the lower limb of filling thin slice also will be aimed at, and this aligning is realized by moving down hole 194, because clearance distance 96 equals the external series gap 149 between shear line 152 and 154.The geometry of gap 96 and external series gap 149 forms crest 163A on the front 151 of the first filling

thin slice

50,52 of A or Type B and 58,60, this crest is located near the crest 163A on the reverse side of adjacent and relative A or B filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60.The relation of filling thin slice, crest to crest near and aim at shown in Fig. 9 and 18.

In Figure 18, film bag 12 is positioned at its rigging position and is in assembly relation to allow filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 by vertical hanging.As mentioned above, in cooling tower 10, make A type

thin slice

50,52 be moved down into vertically that suspension rod 112 integral body are extended along the center 90 in hole 194 film bag 12 vertical hangings and on the position that the Type B thin slice extends along center 92 at interval, wherein A type

thin slice

50,52 is provided with the suspension rod 112 that passes slotted eye 194.The location of A type

thin slice

50,52 and Type B

thin slice

58,60 makes the top edge 128 and lower limb 130 horizontal centrings of filling thin slice 14, and the structure of the outward appearance at 24 places, edge and the film bag 12 shown in Fig. 1 and the 1A is similar substantially simultaneously.The situation of lower limb 130 centerings as shown in figure 18, but another kind of manufacture method can make described A type thin slice have different length with the Type B thin slice, so on top edge 128 forms centerings, rather than makes lower limb 130 centerings.

Above-mentioned

flake structure

50,52 arranged side by side and 58,60 relevant with the filling thin slice shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 D, this filling thin slice has independently plate and essential joint arranged side by side, to adjust the filling thin slice that is formed by this structure.I am statement once more: filling thin slice 14 can be an independent flake structure, and shown in Fig. 3 E, it is provided with a plurality of vertical plates to form required sheet length.Selecting an independent thin slice or plank frame arranged side by side only is a kind of technical scheme and application choice, and non-functional limits.Therefore the final relation of

opposed face

151 and 153, crest 163A and linear trough 164 also is applicable to the filling flake structure that is assembled by the monolithic filling thin slice shown in Fig. 3 E down.

Following explanation relates generally to the obverse and reverse of adjacent filling thin slice.But, will be appreciated that side facing surfaces 151 or 153 outside filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60, the outer surface of promptly single film bag 12 needs not to be in abutting connection with the apparent surface of thin slice 58,60 or 50,52, as shown in figure 18.The width of film bag 12 is not confined to the concrete quantity of filling thin slice, and can be the filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 or 14 of any acceptable width and quantity, to adapt to concrete application or to be used for cooling tower.But, adjacent filling thin slice 50,52 and the 58, the 60th, parallel, and the inner filling thin slice crest 163A of A or Type B first thin slice, front 151 is near crest 162 and relative these crest centerings of the reverse side 153 of adjacent A or Type B second thin slice.Similarly, the apparent surface's of adjacent A and Type B filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 linear trough 164 and straight line 210 centerings of crest 163A, wherein linear trough 164 results between the peak line 210 of centering and adjacency.These centerings are clearly shown that in Fig. 9 and 11A.When A and Type B filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 and relevant crest 163A when identical with the relation between the linear trough 164, only need a pair of thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 is described, but this explanation also can be applicable to other the A or the filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 of Type B.

In Fig. 9 and 18, the crest 163A and the linear trough 164 of centering cooperatively interact, with the passage 220,222 that forms a plurality of levels.Will be appreciated that hole 194, opening 94 and external series gap 149 produce intermittently in the passage 220,222 of decorative pattern shape.But the passage 220,222 of this decorative pattern commonly used will be present between the apparent surface 151 and 153 of adjacent filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 or 14.In addition, the above-mentioned interrupted passage 220,222 that intermittently may form, this passage only the part width of crossing adjacent filling thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 extend.Shown in Fig. 9 A, the final end view of filling bag will form passage 220,222 between crest 163A and trough 164, and the passage 220,222 that still is positioned at filling bag main body will depart from the passage 220,222 of the air intake edge of filling bag.If in the array of crest and trough, exist a plurality of crest 163A that depart from and trough 164 to cross the sheet width of the adjacently situated surfaces 151,153 of thin slice 50,52 and 58,60, so just have the passage of linearity adjacency that a plurality of passages depart from the ingress edge place of filling bag.These effects that depart from are: some air are drifted from the linear passageway at the ingress edge place of filling bag.

The

surface

151 and 153 is not the surface of plane, and particularly, the front 15 among Figure 11 A comprises a plurality of continuous protuberances 163, and protuberance 163 runs vertically down linear trough 164 from filling thin slice top edge 179.Protuberance 163 outwards is projected into the crest 163A on the straight line 210 from plane 150.Protuberance 163 is with the anglec of rotation 278 of relative horizontal linear 164 and 210 and 378 downward-sloping on surface 151, and extends to a plane 150 between the straight line 210 of crest 163A, and extends to the bottom 163B of protuberance at linear trough 164 places.Continue to extend upward another crest 163A from the bottom 163B and the linear trough 164 of protuberance on the continuous wave crest line 210.Corrugated the moving inside and outside plane lamina 150 of each protuberance 163 proceeded, but in Figure 11 A, after the protuberance 163 that moves through triplex row or half cycles 167, bump 163 turns to the angle of about 90

degree.Angle

278 and 378 preferably be about 49 (, but have been found that: the anglec of

rotation

278 and 378 can be 25 (to 75 (and between change, thereby provide the anglec of rotation of allowing for the air-flow that flows through

passage

220 and 222.

The anglec of rotation is to form by the plane of vertically watching

surface

151 or 153, shown in the double arrowed line 15-15 among Fig. 9.The anglec of

rotation

278 and 378 can be the air stream of making spiral motion correct rotation is provided, because excessive rotation will produce the overvoltage drop by

passage

220 or 222, and inadequate rotation can not produce essential spiral of air in passage 220 or 222.In addition, have been found that: excessive rotation will produce air and flow between

passage

220 or 222, and this air flows to hinder and operates the air exchange that reaches by filling bag 12 stably.Will be appreciated that the anglec of rotation 278 needn't have identical value with 378.

Groove 165 among Figure 11 A is between adjacent protuberance 163, and groove 165 extends towards the front 151 of the outstanding straight line that is parallel to protuberance 163 usually downwards.In the figure, groove 165 is for extending to plane 150 downwards from peak line 210 and extend to the continuous straight line of former trough (primaryvalley) 165B under linear trough.Groove 165 vertically continues to extend to the surface 151 of Figure 11 A downwards, leaves the intersecting lens 210 that plane 150 extends to the upper point 165A place under the adjacent ridges crest 163A simultaneously.Like this, groove 165 just vertically extends to positive 151 downwards with the form that almost is parallel to bump 163.Although upper point 165A is that the degree of depth under the crest 163A can very little and almost be difficult to distinguish with shown in the form of making-breaking point.So just formed continuous straight line 210.

Fig. 9 can be considered to the cutaway view of filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60, in the figure, and first or the reverse side 153 of A

thin slice

50,52 and second or the positive relative centering of B thin slice 58,60.The crest 163A of facing surfaces 151,153 is very approaching.In the figure, the straight line 210 of crest 163A and linear trough 164 be continuous straight line or are 24 or 26 projections on side view from the edge.Linear trough 164 be the intersecting lens of adjacent ridges part 163 downward-sloping on surperficial 151,153, and in this side view, the angle of bump 163 relative neutral axis 160 or planar surface 150 is first jiao 276.The angle of first jiao of 276 relative neutral axis is preferably 40 °, but it also can change between 20 to 60 °.Interrupted crest 163A on front 151 and reverse side 153 in the continuous array forms the peak line 210 shown in Figure 11 A, 11B and the 11C together.

Figure 11 C is the three-dimensional view of filling thin slice 14, but various angle, bump 163, part 163A, protuberance bottom 163B, groove 165, linear trough 164 and former trough 165B will be illustrated separately, so that these parameters correctly to be provided in the context of single filling thin slice.With reference to Fig. 9, this figure is used for the location of the position of angle, plane, protuberance, trough and crest, is described further with synthetic relatively angle.As mentioned above, filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 comprises a plurality of outstanding and plane inclined, protuberance, trough and crests, and these all are that planar materials by moulding forms with synthetic angle in three dimensions.The neutral axis 160 and plane lamina 150 coplanes of moulding not, and be parallel to vertical axis 80, this plane lamina or surface 150 are as shown in Figure 6A.In Fig. 5,9,11A, 11B, 16 and 18, crest 163A is with equidistant outstanding on the plane surface 150 of obverse and reverse 151,153.Crest 163A is formed between the bicrescentic intersection of two adjacent row protuberances or sequence 167, and protuberance 163 comprises coupled sidewall 178.In the plan view of Figure 11 A and 11B, linear trough 164 and former trough 165B conllinear all are conllinear because form the corner point of the parallelogram of protuberance, trough and crest with corresponding protuberance and trough.

In several accompanying drawings of most preferred embodiment, sidewall 178 is 150 parallelogram that tilt to give prominence to from the plane, shown in Figure 11 D.Figure 12 is a cutaway view, the figure shows sidewall 178, groove 165 and along the relation when the moulding between the height of the moulding V-arrangement decorative pattern of bump 163.

Height

181 and 183 is also unequal in Fig. 9, but it can equate in the array 158 of ad hoc structure.Angle 177 between the sidewall 178 equally is arranged at the both sides of the vertical line 175 of groove 165 in Figure 12.Perhaps, angle 177 can be not etc. yet ground setting and be displaced to a side or the opposite side or the off-axis 175 of axis 175 with a fixing relative vertical axis 175 of angular displacement, shown in the striping of Figure 12.As a result, one of sidewall 178 will be more longer than another sidewall 178.Deviation angle 193 can change between 0 to 20 ° along the both direction of axle 175.In a most preferred embodiment, the increase angle (enhancementangle) 177 between the sidewall 178 is 110 °, highly is 0.137 inch, and deviation angle 193 is 0 °.This increase comprises that angle 177 can change between 75 to 145 °.

In the embodiment of the parallelogram shown in Figure 11 D, sidewall 178 is a rectangular profile, and is provided with first long side and the parallel second long side along groove 165, and this second side overlaps with bump 163.In Fig. 9 and 11D, the 3rd short side 183 extends to former trough 165B from linear trough 164.Parallelogram is illustrated with striping and solid line along the alternation of protuberance 163, groove 165, linear trough 164 and peak line 210 in the plan view of Figure 11 A and 11B.Yet, the angular displacement of parallelogram as shown in figure 13, this figure is the cutaway view along peak line 210, particularly is the cutaway view between adjacent crest 163A.The shape of groove 165 is similar to shape shown in Figure 12.But angle 179 is 118 ° and greater than angle 177, and height 183 is 0.171 inch in a certain embodiments, and it is greater than height 181.Can watch the vertical axis 175 of trough to consider the effect of angle 179 to wait angular displacement by both sides in Figure 12 axis 175 greater than angle 177 with angulation 177.Perhaps, in Figure 13, the angular displacement 287 of axis 175 1 sides is greater than the angle 283 of the opposite side of axis 175.Like this, just the side at axis 175 forms less or short sidewall and bigger angular displacement 281 near angle 281 places.

In Figure 11 D, each plate or sidewall 178 all are considered to extend to plane the figure downwards from bump 163, and stop at groove 165 places.In the figure, the limit of long parallelogram is protuberance 163 and groove 165, and short limit is a height 183.In addition, the relative position of the bending point on linear trough 164 and former trough 165B is shown in Figure 11 D.In Figure 11 D, the intersecting lens of the plate 178 on crest 163A shows as several points, but this only is an example, rather than limitation of the present invention.Crest 163A is not an acute angle, but the turning of a slyness, as shown in Figure 9, because the requirement of processing technology, more level and smooth turning helps controlling water or cooling agent passes flowing of filling sheet surface 151 and 153.Be unfavorable for the flow of fluid on

control surface

151 or 153 along the acute angle of protuberance 163 and the acute angle at crest 163A place, make fluid retention on surface 151,153 nor be beneficial to.

In Figure 11 A, the top 279 of surface 151 plates is provided with the protuberance 163 of a group or a array 167, and protuberance 163 and associated channels 165 are tilted to the right in the drawings, and intersects with peak line 210 outside the plane of accompanying drawing.Similarly, second group of 167 protuberance 163 and the groove 165 that send from peak line 210 also are tilted to the right, but intersect with linear trough 164 in figure plane.The protuberance 163 of tri-array 167 and groove 165 extend to the right, and intersect on peak line 210 on the plane or the surface 150 that exceed accompanying drawing.The three groups of protuberances 163 and the circulation of groove 165 are the oldered array (orderedarray) of three circulations, and this is a most preferred embodiment of the present invention.Other circulation pattern can comprise the protuberance 163 and the groove 165 of a plurality of two circulations, shown in Figure 11 B.In addition, the circulation of five groups of protuberances 163 and groove 165 is tested along a direction guiding.To being finished by the designer along the protuberance 163 of a direction and the group number of groove 165 or the selection of period, but the number of circulation is preferably between 1 to 9.The number of circulation and the anglec of rotation 278 and 378 will to cooling water or cooling agent along positive 151 or the surface of reverse side 153 exert an influence towards absorb water grid 16 or the mobile of dehumidifier 28.Particularly, in Figure 11 A, when angle 378 during greater than angle 278, the coolant fluid that vertically flows downward in the drawings is directed to the air intake edge shown in the arrow 30.Similarly, when the value of angle 378 during greater than the value of angle 278, cooling agent is directed to opposed edges or air is discharged the edge.

In Fig. 9, the crest 163A in reverse side 153 and front 151 is adjacent to each other, but not directly contact.This contact will suppress or upset cooling fluid on the surface flowing on 151,153, but also can suppress air or gas with surperficial 151 with 153 contact.The relativeness that is in the filling bag 12 under the state of assembling has formed

passage

220 and 222, and passage 220,222 is limited between the adjacently situated

surfaces

151 and 153 of adjacent A and Type B filling bag.Passage 220,222 is in fact very similar, but the protuberance 163 of vertically adjacent passage 220,222 tilts along relative direction with groove 165.

Figure 10 shows a passage 220, and air-flow flows in passage 220 along clockwise direction.The solid line that tilts to peak line 210 and linear trough 164 is represented protuberance 163 and the groove 165 on positive 151, and striping is then represented protuberance 163 and the groove 165 on the reverse side 153.Shown in many groups of protuberances 163 and groove 165 on the

apparent surface

151 and 153 of passage relatively tilt to linear trough 164 and peak line 210.Similarly, airflow direction is counterclockwise in the passage 222 among Fig. 9, and the protuberance 163 on the front 151 tilts to the direction relative with direction shown in Figure 10 with 165 simultaneously.

In Figure 11 B, air intake side or edge 24 have the arrow 30 of expression intake air stream or airflow direction, also show the direction 30 of air stream in Figure 1A and 11A.Airflow direction 30 among Fig. 9 falls in the plane of page.Passage 220 among Fig. 9 comprises the clockwise arrow 224 of an expression passage 220 spiral air-flow directions, and passage 222 then comprises anticlockwise arrow 226.In Fig. 9, also in other passage 220 and 222 that alternately changes, show similar arrow.Arrow 224 and 226 expressions result from the air type of flow between filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 the adjacently situated surfaces 151 and 153.Air stream mode 224 or 226 can be considered to eddy current from air intake side 24 to air outlet slit side 28 or helical flow process along passage 220 or 222, shown in Figure 1A.It is generally acknowledged that the spiral air type of flow is that direction by many groups of protuberances 163, crest 163A, linear trough 164 and grooves 165 produces, forming passage 220 on adjacent A and B thin slice 50,52 and 58,60 also is like this with 222 relative array 167.Air-swirl in the passage 220 or 222 will form more contact between coolant fluid and air, this more contact has improved the heat exchange between the two media.In addition, it is less to the pressure drop of air outlet slit side 28 from air intake side 24 that the eddy current air passes whole filling bag.Figure 10 shows the vertical view along passage 220, shows clockwise spiral air flow with sine curve simultaneously.But this linear view only is a plan view.Another kind of illustrated pattern is that hypothesis passage 220 has vee-cut, and this vee-cut is to be formed by the linear trough 164 between the straight line of crest 163A.As a kind of association, the spirality telephone wire can elongate along trough 164, with the naked eye to project a spiral air flow pattern.This provides a kind of visual method, its objective is to help to understand to flow through the spirality air of passage, and is not a kind of qualification.In Fig. 9, passage 220 and 222 is the cutaway view of passage length.Each passage all has first cross-sectional area and second cross-sectional area between crown line 163, and second cross-sectional area has half between the protuberance 163 and groove 165 of adjacent filling thin slice.First cross-sectional area is the net area of passage 220 or 222, and second cross-sectional area is the gross area in whole cross section.In most preferred embodiment, the net area of passage is about 0.76 with the ratio of the gross area of whole passage, but required screw action should just can be realized in about ratio ranges of 0.4 to 0.9 at least.

Required spiral helicine air mode results from the grid or passage 220 or 222 of an opening, and the profile of this passage is generally limited by the position of peak line 210 and linear trough 164.Have been found that: if contiguous slices surface 151 and 153 is leaned on too closely, surface 151 and 153 just can not produce required spirality air mode so.In addition, if the gap between the surface 151 and 153 is too big, in corresponding passage 220 or 222, can not produce eddy current 224,226 so.In the Fig. 9 as specific embodiment, the crest 163A on the surface 151 and 153 of filling thin slice 50,52 is that 0.525 inch the profile degree of depth 200 is spaced from each other by crest to the value of crest.But the gap 202 between adjacent filling sheet surface 151 and 153 the contiguous crest 163A only is 0.225 inch.The profile degree of depth 200 has formed 0.750 spacing dimension 281 with gap size 202 sums.As mentioned above, if adjacent sheet surface 151 and 153 leans on too closely, so described surface is not required active surface just.Therefore, the ratio between the gap 20 and the profile degree of depth 200 is about 0.43, although this structure can operate in 0.04 to 0.9 scope.Above-mentioned operating parameter provides the measure of filling thin slice characteristic for the filling thin slice 50,52,58,60 or 14 of film bag 12.

Particularly, filling

thin slice

50,52 and 58,60 includes the

edge

24 and 26 of the parallel vertical axle or the longitudinal axis 80, but top edge 128 and lower limb 130 tilt with angle 89, and this angle is preferably about 4.8 °, but can change between about 0.0 ° to 10.0 °.In the time of in being assembled to illustrated crossflow cooling tower 10, filling

thin slice

14 or 50,52 and 58,60 will be positioned at top edge 128 and lower limb 130 are in substantially parallel relationship on the position of trunnion axis 126.The length of filling thin slice can be designated, and this appointment is to realize by the concrete quantity of determining plate 54 on the filling sheet length or 56.The length of

single plate

54,56 is preferably 2 inches, thereby allows only just can form by the combination of a plurality of

plates

54,56 length of uniform filling thin slice.

Dehumidifier 28 in the mould 122 and filling thin slice 14 form with cutaway view in Fig. 6 A is illustrated.Dehumidifier 28 has bell curve outstanding on plane surface 150, and it comprises angled side walls 170, crest 172 and ribs 174, and this ribs 174 extends near the outward flange 26 between filling thin slice bottom 130 and the top 128 and along this outward flange 26.Shown in Fig. 6 B and 6C, dehumidifier 28 comprises a plurality of two-sided S shape suction grid 176, and its width 180 of crossing dehumidifier 28 from lateral edges 26 with an acute angle extends.Suction grid 176 comprise angled side walls 170 and crest 172, its medium wave peak 172 on dehumidifier bottom surface 173 to form a protuberance or second V-shaped groove 182 with the similar form of the distortion that forms crest 172.The sidewall 170 of crest 172,182 and suction grid 176 makes from the water smoke of cooling tower 10 discharges minimum, and water smoke is moved to the surface 151 of filling thin slice.Suction grid 176 also can make the air of discharging towards the fan 18 of Figure 1A change direction.The acute angle of each V-shaped groove 176 all forms outer end 186 on the outward flange 26 of each suction grid 176, the grid 176 that wherein absorb water vertically move on the inner 188 of the adjacent ridges on each surface 151,153, shown in Fig. 6 B, so just can prevent that sealing outwards sprays, and increase the discharge of returning filling surface 151.Suction grid 176 on the end face or positive 151 can be considered to the back side at suction lattice wave peak, bottom surface 182.Similarly, bottom surface groove 184 is the back side of end face suction grid 176.Suction grid 176 in this most preferred embodiment produce an about separation distance of 3 inches.Between the reverse side 183 of suction grid 176 on positive 151 and dehumidifier 28, a plurality of microchannels 185 are set, shown in Fig. 6 B and 6D.Microchannels 185 has the groove height 187 of crest to crest, and it highly is about 40/1000ths.Micro-groove 185 also comprises the inward flange 189 that vertically is positioned under the outward flange 191, and plays and the grid 176 that absorb water similarly act on, and flows to filling sheet surface 151 so that water changes direction.

Shown in the cutaway view of Fig. 4 C, also shown is the crest 190 and the trough 192 of suction grid, and trough 192 is between the crest 190 on filling thin slice end face or positive 151 at the suction grid 16 of the filling thin slice 14 of the die for molding of Fig. 4 B.Substitute suction grid 16 with moulding material and will on filling thin slice bottom surface or reverse side 153, form identical pattern, to form the identical suction grid decorative pattern of pattern to that indicated in the drawings.The single V-shaped groove of this suction grid decorative pattern comprises near the crest 190 of side 24 and the outer end points 193 of trough 192, and vertically moves on the interior end points 195 of adjacent V-arrangement crest 190 in bottom or trough 192.Moving of this vertical end points can prevent that sealing its outer edges 24 flows away from film bag 12, and with lead the downwards front 151 of filling thin slice of process water (tramp water).The protuberance 190 of the suction gate part on the reverse side 153 of the protuberance of the suction gate part on positive 151 or crest 190 and adjacent filling thin slice contacts, thereby prevents that sealing discharges between adjacent filling thin slice 14.In the specific embodiment of the above-mentioned gap 202 and the profile degree of depth 200, the protuberance 190 of suction grid 16 has 3/4 inch the profile degree of depth.

In Figure 11 C, show filling

thin slice

14,50 or 58 and the

passage

70,72 during moulding and be positioned at the sectional perspective view of the suction grid 128 on the side 24.Particularly, this plate is for shearing the plate with three circulations that forms along separator bar 152, and this plate can form A section plate 54, as shown in Figure 3A.Figure 11 C has specifically illustrated above-mentioned interruption, and this interruption generally results from filling

thin slice

14 or 50,52 and 58,60 repetition decorative pattern.This interruption comprises

separator bar

152 and 154, opening or

passage

70 or 72, reaches the passage 250 on the surface 151, and passage 250 is parallel to major axis 82 and lateral edges 24.

The adverse current of enhancement mode can form the air-swirl with two eddy current 224 and 226 along relative direction in passage 220 or 222.In Fig. 9, two eddy current are with shown in the form of three passages 220 or 222.But, this reverse to the impact of plate and with the relation of V-arrangement decorative pattern shown in plane Figure 20 and 21, be provided with diamond suction grid among the figure, and the pitch that show three circulations and five circulations respectively (pitch-cycle) frequencies that circulate.

Passage

220 and 222 with two eddy current illustrates with alphabetical F, the two swirl channel among its expression Figure 20 and 21.In Figure 20 of less pitch circulation, show recurrent pair of vortex phenomenon.

Passage 250 is arranged in Figure 11 C not on the plane of the plastic foil of moulding and neutral axis 160, and this passage 250 extends between the top edge 128 of each plate 54,56 of filling thin slice 14,50 or 58 and lower limb 130.The separating device 252 that protrudes on positive 151, extend a height 253 and the separating device 234 that is positioned to be recessed into a predetermined separation distance 255 along passage 250 in, shown in Figure 11 C and 11E.Recessed separating device 254 also extends a height 257 on the plane 151 of passage 250, these height 257 height 253 less than separating device.In Figure 11 C, be illustrated with the form that between adjacent protrusion separating device 252, closely is provided with two recessed separating devices 254 at the adjacent protrusion separating device 252 at top edge 128 places and adjacent recessed separating device 254, to hold the replacement position of A and B flake structure.The separating device 252 and the recessed separating device 254 that protrude all are hollow, thereby are formed on the cavity of reverse side 153 upper sheds of filling thin slice 14.Shown in Figure 11 E, the separating device of protrusion has first cavity 259, and the separating device 252 of protrusion is conical in shape on the whole, and its bottom is oval-shaped, with the position of being kept upright.Recessed separating device 254 is taper on the whole, and comprises one first targeting part 267 and second targeting part 261, to hold end 263 on the protrusion separating device 252 that is complementary when film bag 12 finally assembles.

In the end in the assembling process, when the separation distance between adjacent protrusion separating device 252 and the adjacent recessed separating device 254 equal between the

center

90,92 of passage 70 among Figure 14 apart from the time, can easily finish the separating device 252 of protrusion and cooperating of recessed separating device 254.This relation of equality makes the separating device 252 of protrusion, and second cavity 261 of the recessed separating device 254 on the upper end 263 of extending from the front 151 of the first filling thin slice 14 and the adjacent filling thin slice reverse side 153 is alignd.

In transportation and storage process, filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 can stack together, and as shown in figure 16, the separating device 252 on the adjacent filling thin slice is cooperated with first cavity 259 of separating device.This suit or stacked structure can allow to swell and 163 engage with relative linear trough, and to reduce the volume of film bag 12, its ratio is 20 to 1, thus saving storage area, transport space and loading and unloading space.Gap 255 in the foregoing description is about 1.5 inches, thus cavity 259 cooperations of adjacent filling thin slice 14 on the protrusion separating device 252 that allows contiguous slices and the relative reverse side 153.Before the present invention, when the filling flake structure of filling bag 12 was packed in advance, this suit needed to make the length of plate usually at least.In this manual, the suit of filling thin slice can extend 1.5 inches by the thin slice that makes alternation and regulated on 48 inches filling thin slice section.Should be realized that: the length of filling thin slice 14 can be greater than the length of fabrication portion, because these parts can form on continuous raw material thin slice.Therefore, required to increase progressively part can be 3.1% of fabrication portion described in the embodiment, but in either case, all when making 1/3 of used single moulding section, to form filling thin slice 14.To the manufacturing of a plurality of parts of the filling thin slice 14 that forms different length be illustrated below.In addition, the firm nested configurations of this a plurality of filling thin slices 14 will form firmer layer structure, and to increase loading and unloading, this lamination and laminate are similar.

When assembling film bag 12, the separating device 252 that protrudes moves relative to the

surface

151 and 153 of adjacent filling thin slice from its storage location with recessed separating device 254, so that separating device 252 that protrudes and the recessed separating device 254 on the reverse side 153 cooperatively interact.On its bonding station, separating device 252 fully extends on positive 151, to adjust the clearance distance 202 between the relative crest 163A on the surface 151 and 153.This position has formed mechanical separation, with the positive centering of guaranteeing the gap 202 between the adjacent filling thin slice 14 and keeping adjacent filling thin slice 14 in the film bag 12.

To shown in the 3E, filling thin slice 14 its corresponding fronts 151 and reverse side 153 are provided with the enhancing decorative pattern as Fig. 3 A.These surface details on adjacent A and the Type B filling thin slice 14 generally are mirror image, and this mirror-image structure forms

passage

220 and 222 in last assembling process.In most preferred embodiment, each sheet surface 151,153 all forms a distance between the adjacent peaks 163A on the straight line 210, and this distance is by spacing 265 expressions in Figure 11 A.In Figure 11 A, vertical circulation of strengthening decorative pattern comprises three groups of protuberances 163 of repetitive cycling, and protuberance 163 relative horizontal axis 126 tilt along identical angle direction.In a specific embodiment, strengthening decorative pattern makes cooling water move along sheet surface 151,153, and in this most preferred embodiment, water moves horizontally 1.5 spacings 265 along

sheet surface

151 or 153, and described spacing is meant each vertically circulation or per two spacings of vertically organizing between 167.Ratio between displacement and the spacing generally is preferably the ratio of any half cycles.For example 0.5,1.5,2.5 or the like.Similarly, any non-integer ratio of displacement and spacing forms corresponding enhancing air-flow.

Filling thin slice or heat exchange medium and mass exchange medium 14 are made by plastic material usually, for example the polyvinyl chloride thin slice of continuous feed or PVC thin slice, and this thin slice is by being made by thermoforming process well known in the art.The selection that is used for the material of filling thin slice 14 is a kind of design alternative, and the embodiment of relevant PVC is also nonrestrictive.Another embodiment of material comprises the stainless steel that can be applicable under the hot environment, for example the catalyzed conversion tower.In Fig. 4 A, mould 120 can be used for forming similar filling thin slice 52,60, and thin slice 52,60 is respectively shown in Fig. 3 B and the 3D.Mould 120 comprises separator bar 124, and forming the centering width and the lateral edges 26 of thin slice 14, separator bar is represented the position of shearing.Although only single bigger plate has been made explanation, also available similar mould manufacturing with other thin slice profile has the thin slice profile of suction grid 16 and lateral edges 24, shown in Fig. 4 B.For the designer, the single plate profile of filling thin slice 14 all is existing among plate 54 and 56 concrete length and width and Fig. 3 E, but only is illustrative to the explanation of mould 120 and 122, is not to be the restriction that existing mold is selected and is provided with.The length of filling thin slice 14 can form by continuous a plurality of plates 54 are connected together with 56.

Illustrated mould 120 and 122 is provided with the lateral edges 24 and 26 that is parallel to vertical axis 80, and still, trunnion axis 126 moves an angle 89 relative to the top edge 128 and the lower limb 130 of plate, and this angle equals the angle 88 shown in Fig. 3 A and the 3B.The manufacturing of filling thin slice 14 has formed the major axis 82 of oval-shaped passageway 70,72, wherein passage 70,72 parallel side edges so 24 and 26.In Fig. 4 A and 4B, mould 120 and 122 is provided with the lateral edges 24 and 26 of the parallel mould vertical axis or the longitudinal axis 81, but this is not to be a kind of qualification just to the explanation of manufacturing process.In the mold structure shown in Fig. 4 A, edge 27 parallel side edges so 26, edge 27 is resisted against on the second filling thin slice 50 or 58 usually, to form the filling thin slice 14 of required width.Filling thin slice 52 or 60 can be utilized separately for against thin slice.Concrete thin slice setting only is a kind of design alternative, filling thin slice promptly arranged side by side, a plate sheet, is provided with or is not provided with the filling thin slice of suction grid and dehumidifier or the combination of above-mentioned setting.

As mentioned above, filling thin slice 14 can be made by shapable plastic tab, for example its can be discontinuous thin slice or from the plastic tab roller the thin slice of continuous feed.The plastic tab of moulding is not generally the plane lamina 150 with front 151 and reverse side 153.Thin slice final or moulding all is provided with

shear line

152 and 154 on each

plate

54,56 of filling thin slice, shear line 152 is two parallel straight lines with 154 in the drawings, and a gap 49 is arranged therebetween, with the linear position that is formed for shearing or

separating.Shear line

152 and 154 illustrates on the filling

thin slice

50,52,58 and 60 of Fig. 3 A to 3D.Top shear line 152 among Fig. 4 A and the 4B also can be in manufacture process as the potted line of mould 120 and 122.In a specific embodiment,

shear line

152 and 154 width are about 3/8 inch.

Filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 can be made into by thermoforming process.Therefore but mould 120 and 122 can only form the device of being made up of two plates uniquely, and the length of this plate is about 24 inches, and can form length by Sheet Metal Forming Technology is 48 inches thin slice.Although the incremental change that thin slice can 48 inches is formed, this device of also being made up of two plates is produced, and each plate 54,56 only needs 1.5 inches side-play amount.Particularly, above-mentioned filling thin slice 14 or 50,52 and 58,60 can A and the B operation form, but in the prior art, with regard to every kind of thin slice, but need independent mould or in same mould, need different structures.Molding sheet is sheared with about 24 inches spacing at A or B shear line 152,154, thereby produces different filling thin slices on stacking that separates or shelf.If thin slice is mutually at the top suit, the structure behind the suit will be located from the main body of film bag 12 projecting inwardly near half absolute altitude (one-half index) so, is 24 inches in this case.This assembly working before transportation is very heavy, and will cause not tractable transportation and packaging Problems.In addition, the on-the-spot packaging efficiency of the filling thin slice of alternation is low, and need make packing work away from processing site, but because this packing away from processing site loses control and the estimation to finished product, therefore this method also is worthless.

Mould

120 and 122 can be respectively applied for makes filling

thin slice

14 or 50,52 and 58,60.Should be realized that: mould 120 does not comprise suction gate part 16, and similarly, mould 122 does not comprise dehumidifier 28 yet, and these parts can assign to finish by inserting suitable mold, thereby form required structure.Described

mould

120 and 122 can be configured to comprise the assembly of several inserts, and these inserts form the structure of required filling thin slice, and shown in Fig. 3 A to 3E, and insert can increase also and can reduce, and this is being known in the art.

In another embodiment, filling

thin slice

14 or 50,52 and 58,60 can be assembled in the counter-flow cooling tower shown in Figure 22 310.The schematic diagram of cooling tower 310 in Figure 23 illustrated the few component parts of cooling tower 310: hopper 20, fan 18, conduit 36 and nozzle 40, the relation between these parts is identical with the assembly relation of cooling tower 10 among Figure 1A.In this structure, cooling tower 310 is 312 openings in its underpart generally, and it also comprises top 314 and the supporting member 318 that is provided with sidewall 316.Air stream 30 is extracted out by level by opening portion 312 and through suction grid 16.Filling thin slice 14 be arranged between hopper 20 and the fan 18 with hopper 20 on or cover hopper.Water or fluid from nozzle 40 can be directed to filling thin slice 14, and this thin slice 14 is provided with the peak line 210 and the linear trough 164 of general perpendicular positioning, with air stream UNICOM by filling thin slice 14.In this explanation, available Fig. 9 represents the plan view of film bag 12.

In this counter-flow cooling tower 310, owing to edge 24 and 26 directly is not exposed in the surrounding environment, but be fixed in the top 314 of sealing, so filling thin slice 14 does not comprise suction grid 16 or dehumidifier 28.Filling thin slice 14 in the cooling tower 310 among Figure 22 and 23 can be arranged at the either side of

edge

24 and 26 on the lateral support member 318, and this supporting member crosses the longitudinal length of filling thin slice 14 among vertical axis 80 or Fig. 3 D.Supporting member 318 is by rib 320 fix in position, and rib 320 is connected with the structure member 22 of cooling tower.

Specifically, can on mould 120, form filling thin slice 14 by the insert of above-mentioned mould is inserted.In a concrete structure, the sheet width 324 among Fig. 3 E is preferably between 16 inches and 24 inches.In being provided with of this Nominal Width, filling thin slice 14 can be manufactured, packing, transportation, and assemble to be similar to above-mentioned mode, and can vertical hanging filling thin slice 14.Filling thin slice 14 in this set can be positioned, and in the edge 24 and 26 one is contacted with lateral supports 318, and another edge then is vertically installed in the cooling tower 310.Filling thin slice 14 in the cooling tower 310 comprises the lateral edges 24 and 26 of the horizontal axis 390 of parallel cooling tower substantially.In cooling tower 310, the filling flake structure of the A of alternation and Type B is fixed in the mode that is same as above-mentioned vertical filling chip device.The centering of A and Type B filling thin slice can realize that described known method comprises by all methods well known in the art in the package assembly: after being positioned at the film bag 12 in the cooling tower 310 on the lateral support member 318, and the single filling thin slice of manual separation.Should be clear: narrower filling thin slice 14 can support the filling thin slice than low height, but the single filling thin slice 14 that is fixed on the edge can engage to increase mechanical support supported with the separating device 254 that is recessed into by the separating device 252 that filling thin slice 14 is abutted against together and makes protrusion.In addition, in the filling chip device that this edge supports, do not adopt Assembly rail 112, thereby eliminated the necessity that runs through filling thin slice 14.

In being horizontally disposed with of Figure 22 and 23, filling thin slice 14 has the peak line 210 of vertical orientation, and also vertical orientation of the linear trough 164 of the correspondence between peak line 210.The filling thin slice 14 that level is assembled together also comprises the adjacent front surfaces 151 of adjacent filling thin slice and the peak line 210 of reverse side 153, its abut against together and in a vertical stratification relatively

profile passage

220 and 222 centerings,

passage

220 and 222 is used for by the air stream of filling thin slice 14 or the exchange of air-flow.Protuberance 163 and groove 165 cooperate with crest 163A and linear trough 164, with the spiral eddy current of formation in

passage

220 and 222, thus the heat exchange between enhancing flowing gas and the fluid.

In another embodiment, horizontal support piece 318 can be set in the crossflow cooling tower 10, to support vertically disposed filling thin slice 14.In this structure, saved support bar 112, and the length of single filling thin slice 14 or highly also can change, between vertical adjacent horizontal support piece 318, to adjust required spacing.

Crossflow cooling tower 10 among Fig. 1 and 2 comprises the grid 16 that independently absorb water.The front surface 24 of filling thin slice is near the suction grid 16 shown in the figure, and these suction grid 16 are integral with filling thin slice 14 in the drawings, and the fluid 32 that can avoid flowing is discharged from filling thin slice 12.Be noted that the filling thin slice 14 in illustrated suction grid 16 and the most preferred embodiment is integral, but also failed call suction grid 16 are parts of an one, it can be independently parts.

Show single filling thin slice 14 with plane in Fig. 3, this filling thin slice 14 connects as one with suction grid structure on V-arrangement

decorative pattern surface

151 and 153, to form from the decorative pattern surface 151,153 edges 24 that shift out, shown in Fig. 4 B and 11C.Perhaps, suction grid 16 also can be set between edge 24 and the V-arrangement decorative pattern surface 151,153.Suction grid structure 16 among Fig. 5 A comprises blade 451, and individual blade 451 is for repeating the parts of decorative pattern, and these parts are arranged at adjacent contact surfaces 457, suction gate length 459 or in the face of between the same position on the length 470.The blade 451 relative horizontal axis of suction grid are with angle 350 orientations, and shown in straight line among Fig. 5 A 126 and suction gate length 459, the angle of suction grid 16 is provided with bootable draining, so that absorbed fluid drop flows into filling thin slice bag 12.

Fig. 4 D is the cutaway view of the honeycomb fashion suction grid (screen) 455 of prior art, and its front 462 of this screen and reverse side 464 are provided with corrugated decorative pattern 460.Corrugated decorative pattern 460 has a vertical section or arm 470 on its obverse and reverse 462 and 464, this arm 470 extends between the

wall

466 and 468 of adjacent and relative tilt, and

wall

466 and 468 extends from each contact surface 457.In the assembling process of the grid plate structure 455 that adopts the corrugated decorative pattern, relative section 470 of obverse and reverse 462 and 464 adjacent gate plate structure is in contact with one another, and forms the grid 472 of a plurality of equilateral hexagon, shown in Fig. 4 E.This equilateral lattice structure 472 is in contact with one another formation by adjacent filling thin slice 14 with grid plate structure 455, and this contact has formed limited air stream and fluid stream zone.

The suction grid structure 455 of Fig. 4 D is shown in Figure 5 as plan view.In this embodiment, suction grid structure 455 comprises outward flange 24 and inward flange 145, and this inward flange is near the reverse side 151 of filling thin slice.The suction grid blade 451 of each part 457 and corrugated decorative pattern 460 all tilts to horizontal line with angle 350, and extends to inward flange 145 from outward flange 24.Each relative arm 470 on the outward flange 24 all is the plane of suction grid 455 or the end of rectangle part 457.This part 457 ends at contact-segment or the arm 458 near filling thin slice obverse and reverse 151 and 153.The arm 459 of the rectangle part 457 of suction grid extends between in the face of arm 470 and contact arm 458.In Fig. 5 A, face arm 470 and contact arm 458 minor face for the top of the parallelogram of suction grid 455, long limit or suction grid arm 459 are connected with 470 with the minor face 458 of parallelogram.As an illustration, should be noted that: in Fig. 5 A, tilting zone 464 comprises a upper arm 465, and this upper arm vertically extends to the top 469 of the interior contact arm 458 on the inward flange 145 from a point 463 on the bottom suction grid arm 459.Thereby make tilting zone 464 show as the interruption of the rectangle part 457 of suction grid, but be a planar section in plan view.Therefore, can form the fully suction gate part 457 of contact, so just form the hexagonal grid 472 of Fig. 4 E along suction grid arm 470.

In a word, suction grid blade 451 and screen part 457 are downward-sloping to inward flange 145 from outward flange 24 with angle 350.Make the value minimum of angle 350, what help air enters and makes surface 151 and 153 by the filling thin slice.The particular combinations of angle 350 and suction grid arm 459 forms the operating distance 454 of Fig. 5 A.This operating distance is exactly the size value by each suction grid grid 472 formed vertical protective device, and the grid grid 472 that wherein absorbs water is used to absorb the fluid in cooling tower 10 or the filling bag 12; And in Fig. 5 A, distance 454 is the height between the end points on suction grid arm 459 its outer edges 24 and the inward flange 145.Suction grid structure 16 and another tangible size of 455 comprise suction grid height 462, and this height is the vertical range between the same position on the adjacent rectangle part 457 in Fig. 5 A.Suction grid height 462 can be considered to the circulation decorative pattern of open height 456 and contact length or height 458.Open height 456 and the same section collaborative work of contact height 470 with adjacent suction grid blade 451, i.e. suction gate part 457 on adjacent front surfaces and the reverse side is to form the alveolate texture shown in Fig. 4 E.The operating characteristics of the relation influence suction grid between each different length and the size, and these relations can be used as the assessment level of estimating suction grid structure 455 and 16.

A kind of assessment level or design parameter are called as the sight line ratio, i.e. the ratio of operating distance 454 and open height 456.The sight line ratio can be used for weighing the effect of the safeguard measure that prevents that fluid drop from moving horizontally.As the embodiment that utilizes this design parameter, the whereabouts fluid drop that contacts with inclined surface can move or flick along the direction with horizontal component and vertical component.This displacement is the function of vertical drop distance.The maximum moving distance of fluid drop in suction grid structure is open height 456.

When the sight line ratio was 1.0, the fluid drop that may vertically move equated by the required distance of suction grid height.Thereby the sight line ratio is big more, the resilience of maximum drop and leave the difference of vertical range of suction grid structure 455 at ingress edge 24 also just big more.Because this physical characteristic, if with the suction grid decorative pattern with first sight line ratio is reference data, the second suction grid decorative pattern that has bigger open height 456 or bigger suction grid height 462 so will need bigger operating distance, thereby prevent the discharge of fluid drop promptly to have identical sight line ratio with same degree.This condition can be by changing identical suction gate length 457 angle 350 or realize by the length 459 that increases the suction grid.But these possibilities will exert an influence to the efficient or the cost of suction grid 455.Otherwise the reduction of suction grid height 462 can keep the first sight line ratio, and can form a kind of more effective, compacter suction grid device 455.Suction grid structure 16 of the present invention can be worked in the sight line ratio is 0.70 to 3.0 scope.

Yet in the suction grid structure 16 of the present invention shown in Fig. 5 A, the surface 457 of contact surface 457 and whole width overlaps and forms tilting zones 464, one 463 contact point 469 extending to inward flange 145 on of this zone from the suction grid arm 459.In this structure, fluid drop can fall in suction grid structure or the zone, and wherein said zone extends to adjacent lower point 469 on the adjacent suction gate part 457 from the point 469 on the top suction gate part.Thereby the maximum perpendicular displacement of fluid drop in the suction gate region is exactly the height 462 of suction grid.Therefore, as the design of second kind of measure, wording depth 454 is the evaluation means of the protection level of another suitable descriptor or suction grid with the ratio of suction grid height 462.About 0.70 to 3.0 effect ratio is a sphere of action provided by the present invention, is used to change contact height 470 and wording depth 454.

Fig. 5 A shows the structure of existing cellular suction grid, and it also illustrates in the side view of Fig. 4 D.The general architectural feature of corrugated decorative pattern comprises sloping

portion

466 and 468, and vertical section 470.The vertical section 470 of these suction grid contacts with the adjacent suction grid section of adjacent filling thin slice 14, and wherein filling thin slice 14 can be assembled into filling thin slice bag 12.In the present invention, suction grid structure 16 is parts integrally formed with filling thin slice 12, thereby is included in most preferred embodiment in the filling thin slice 12 of cooling tower 10.

In the package member of suction grid, vertical section 470 contacts on its corresponding vertical section 470 with the adjacent suction grid of adjacent filling thin slice.In the existing apparatus that assembles, adjacent tilting section 466,468 all is identical with vertical section 470, and cooperatively interacts to form a plurality of equilateral hexagon grids 472, shown in Fig. 4 E.In the alveolate texture of Fig. 4 E, grid 472 has a grill openings width 475 and a grill openings height 476, and the ratio of its width 475 and height 476 or depth-width ratio provide more descriptor for grid plate structure with this cellular structure especially grid plate structure 16 or 455.In the present embodiment, the depth-width ratio of grid can be between 0.50 to 2.5.But this depth-width ratio is more preferably greater than 1.0, and about 2.0 is best.Specifically, the equilateral grid 472 shown in Fig. 4 E forms sizable contact area on surface between the adjacent screen 16 or 455 of filling thin slice 14 or blade 457.The contact in adjacent screen zone forms the zone of limit air stream or fluid stream, can or can not produce the flushing action that passes grid 472 hardly in this zone.Current limliting zone or the little flushing action that passes the filling thin slice help the deposition of mineral matter and the growth of life entity, but these all are unwanted conditions.

Above-mentioned depth-width ratio in the present invention's the grid plate structure is greater than 1.0, and the width 475 of grid is always greater than the height 476 of grid in other words.Fig. 4 E shows the end view of honeycomb fashion screen commonly used, and this screen comprises screen blade 451 and towards filling

sheet surface

151 and 153 downwards and the parts 457 that tilt inwards, shown in Fig. 5 A.The inclination angle of this part 457 is horizontal relatively angle 350.Preferably can make angle 350 minimums, so that air enters in grid plate structure 16 and the filling thin slice 14.But the fluid on the whole surface that

grid plate structure

16 or 455 may be by prevent to flow through filling thin slice 14 or other cooling tower medium and screen blade 451 is discharged or " splashing " and fluid is stayed in the cooling tower 10.The sine value that the length of contact surface or screen blade 457 multiply by air intake angle 350 approximates wording depth 454.This is the dimension value or the feasible value of the fluid of vertical drop, and the fluid of vertical drop is by preventing that fluid from discharging or each grid 472 of " splashing " provides.

Above-mentioned explanation and above-mentioned sight line than or the depth-width ratio hint: the operating distance 454 that ratio increases of will hoping for success of the screen design with big open height 456 or distance of fall 462, to prevent that fluid from playing identical protective effect aspect " splashing ".

In Fig. 6 E and 6F, show the non-equilateral cellular screen design 480 of another kind of compression, also be provided with rib 482 on this screen 480 its outer edges 24, this is an example of the present invention's grid plate structure 16.In Fig. 6 E, screen height 470 is significantly shorter than the wall 466 or 468 of inclination on length.There is shown the vertical ends view of rib 482, rib 482 can be considered to central shaft 467 and be used as datum level.In this embodiment, rib 482 provides stability or rigidity to a certain degree, with the centering between the adjacent gate plate structure 455 that increases Compact Design, in described Compact Design structure, screen has relative minimum contact area along rectangle part 457 and contact wire 470.In Fig. 6 E, contact height 458 is significantly shorter than open height 456.Thereby, for identical angle 350, under identical with the water absorbing properties of the above-mentioned existing grid plate structure at least prerequisite of the water absorbing properties of screen 16, can reduce the length 459 of screen, but this improved structure conserve space and cost.The one efficient screen 16 that assembles form with end view in Fig. 7 is illustrated, and also shown is a hexagonal matrix, but this matrix is not made up of the equilateral hexagon grid.Particularly, the width 475 of grid is greater than the height 476 of grid.In these screen parts 455, both can obtain required water absorption character, can reduce the width of screen parts 455 between outward flange 24 and the inward flange 145 simultaneously again.

With reference to Fig. 6 A, 6B, 6C and 6D, there is shown above-mentioned dehumidifier 28.Fig. 3 F shows another feature of dehumidifier 28, wherein the first dehumidifying thin slice 510 has consistent shape with the second dehumidifier thin slice 512, it can cooperatively interact to form zone or passage 514, this passage is used for and will contains the air of fluid from the cooling tower medium, filling thin slice bag 12 for example, be transported to the middle section of cooling tower 10, with Fig. 1,1A and 22 in fan UNICOM.But, the medium transport of cooling fluid from cooling tower 10 do not meeted the requirements to surrounding environment.Like this, just can use dehumidifier 28, and dehumidifier 28 is cooperated with medium or filling thin slice 14, be included in airborne mist or fluid, with surface 151,153 and hopper 20 its guiding filling thin slice with absorption.

In the bell dehumidifier of prior art, the air that bell dehumidifier passes passage 514 with generation flows, and still flows to first end 522 from second end 524 no matter air stream flows to second end 524 from first end 522, all contacts identical angle and changes.This bell dehumidifier plays due effect and makes dehumidifying reach gratifying degree, but this dehumidifier is not to be used for the best-of-breed technology scheme that fluid drop absorbs and controls.

Fig. 3 F shows sensu lato bell or shaped form dehumidifier 28 from the top edge of Fig. 6 A, and this shape has been applied in the reverse-flow and cross flow cooling tower 10.Although filling thin slice 12 can comprise a plurality of dehumidifiers, these dehumidifiers and can cooperatively interact forming a plurality of passages 514 on inward flange 26, the passage 514 in the time of will be only to a moulding in specification describes.In explanation, air contained water is sentenced arrow 532 at the inlet 531 of passage 514 and is illustrated, and discharges air and is then represented by arrow 536 at outlet 534 places.Dehumidifier 28 is used for removing fluid drop from the air stream that contains fluid of the equipment that directly contacts by cooling tower 10 or other liquid-gas, and described fluid drop is generally water, but also may be one other fluid.After the direction of air stream 532 was changed, heavier fluid drop will clash into the

sidewall

526 and 528 of dehumidifier thin slice, and this bump is the result than the effect of heavy fluid drop of big momentum.

Drop bump sidewall

526 or 528 condenses and flows along

sidewall

526 or 528, to turn back to the filling sheet surface 151 shown in Fig. 1 and the 1A or 153 and hopper 20.

Fig. 3 G is a dehumidifier 511 of the present invention, and this dehumidifier adopts parallel vertical wall section, so that it is balanced, stable to enter the air stream that contains fluid of inlet 531 and passage 514.Passage 514 is surrounded by the reverse side of the front 531 of upper portion side wall 526, first thin slice 50, lower sides 528 and second thin slice 512.In Fig. 3 G, air stream 532 reaches initial balance and stable at bottom section 560, and bottom section 560 is substantially parallel wall part.The direction of air stream 532 initially change into 516 places, first inclination angle, the relative vertical line 518 of this angle be+40 °, but also makes air velocity degree v increase.In this embodiment, in first velocity balance and acceleration region 520, the speed v after the increase-1 can be represented as v divided by the cosine of angle 516 or equal 1.035v.The variation of the datum line 518 that positive sign "+" and negative sign "-" expression diametric(al) is vertical relatively, promptly "+" number expression is moved clockwise in the drawings, and "-" number expression is moved counterclockwise.

The acceleration of air stream also impels the fluid drop generation speed identical with air and fluid that is transferred.As mentioned above, if the air velocity degree v that introduces has one 1.0 value, its speed generally is about 700 feet per minute clocks so.With side wall impact after, air stream 532 continues to flow by passage 514.Air stream 532 leaves the zone 520 of trip under first impingement region 544 and is about 1.3 times admission velocity v by its speed after the effect of big fluid drop.Quicken air-flow and continue,, middle-sized fluid particle is deposited on the diapire 528 with at second shock zone, 546 contact diapires 528 by passage 514.Next, passage 514 redirects to make an appointment with-90 ° second direction variation angle 548.On this position, air-flow 532 is in the third speed balance, and enters accelerating region 550 with the 3rd inclination angle 530 of relative vertical line 518 pacts-50 °, thereby produces the increase of air velocity, v-2, and promptly v is divided by the cosine or the 1.556v of angle 530.Next, air-flow 532 redirects at+35 ° third direction variation angle 537 approximately with relative its flow direction, flows to air accelerating region 554 and the outlet 534 that is positioned at second end 524.The air-flow that comprises fluid continues in passage 514 downwards, and clashes into roof 526 once more at the 3rd impingement region 522, and thinner and littler fluid drift particle deposition is in the 3rd impingement region 522, to return filling sheet surface 151 and 153 and hopper.The air stream 532 that exports 534 places tilts with the minute angle of relative vertical line 518 pacts-15 °.It is 165 ° that the angle that air stream 532 is experienced on the whole length of spirality channel 514 changes sum, and specifically, it is 165 ° that second direction variation angle 548 that 40 ° first inclination angle is 516,90 ° and 35 ° third direction change angle 537 sums.This existing dehumidifier is symmetrical, and simultaneously its second inclination angle is greater than its first inclination angle, thereby can remove less fluid drop continuously.But, can in this dehumidifier structure, include further improvement, with the increase fluid recovery, and further reduce the pressure drop of passing through passage 514, thereby improve operating efficiency.

As a comparison with reference to condition, the dehumidifier of a bell curved profile comprises substantially first inclination angle 516 and second inclination angle 530 that equates.When producing the air acceleration in the bell dehumidifier, the momentum of air stream and absorbed fluid drop also will change, but this need improve these features.The fluid drop of removing reduced size need increase the momentum between the continuous downstream of adjacent channel 514 parts.

Dehumidifier among Fig. 3 F is combined with the following content of symmetric form, but has reduced from entering the mouth 531 to outlet 534 pressure drops of passing dehumidifier.Specifically, improved dehumidifier 28 comprises: near the symmetric shape that has the variations in flow of different angles value inlet 531 and outlet 534; Three impingement regions are used to the less fluid drop that clashes into air-flow and fall gradually; One with the second overlapping impingement region of discharging area, to guarantee fully bump from the fluid of second impingement region; Reduce total angle and change, so that the milder change airflow direction of air-flow 532; Avoided outlet 534 planar offset of inlet 531 relatively, this is to be that the air-flow orientation of discharge is necessary with 15 ° angle, as mentioned above.This improved design comprises approximately+35 ° first inclination angle 516, and-75 ° second direction changes the angle approximately ,-40 ° second inclination angle approximately ,+40 ° third direction changes the angle approximately, to form 0 ° discharge angle 558 at outlet 534 places.Total air-flow 532 experienced angle change, specifically, to change angle 557 sums be 150 ° exactly first inclination angle 516, second direction change angle 548 and third direction.This less total angle changes and mild transition makes dehumidifier produce less violent pressure drop.These variations and S shape groove 176 and microchannels 185 have been improved the absorption of fluid and the orientation again of filling thin slice 12, improved the direction control of air-flow, and reduced from entering the mouth and 531 passed the pressure drop that dehumidifier arrives outlet 534, carry thereby improved by the air-flow of dehumidifier 28.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been made explanation, should be clear: can make various modifications and variations to the present invention.Therefore, appending claims of the present invention has covered all and has fallen into the interior modifications and variations of protection domain of the present invention.

Claims

1. one kind is used to have the heat exchange of cooling fluid and the absorption of fluids screen parts of mass exchange device, and described screen parts comprise a plurality of grid plate structures, and each described grid plate structure comprises:

One top edge, a lower limb, an inward flange, an outward flange, a preceding opposed face and a back opposed face;

Described inward flange is parallel substantially with outward flange, and limits the datum level between described inward flange and the outward flange;

A plurality of absorption of fluids screen blades, be arranged on described preceding opposed face and the back opposed face, the blade of each screen all comprises first contact arm and the close described outer peripheral arm of facing near described inward flange, first contact arm has the first arm length, and in the face of arm has one in the face of arm lengths, each described first contact arm and the described arm of facing all comprise a upper end and a lower end;

One first grid plate portion, it has one first screen section and one second screen section, one of the described at least first screen section and second screen section a pair of described contact arm and described in the face of arm upper end with contact arm with face between the arm lower end and extend;

Described contact arm, in the face of arm and first grid plate portion mobile from described datum level with the distance of vertical reference face one of opposed face and back opposed face described before;

Has the long first wall of first wall, tilt towards described datum level from described first grid plate portion with one first jiao, have the second long wall of second wall, tilt towards described datum level from described first grid plate portion with one second jiao, wherein said second jiao with described first jiao relative

One second screen part and one the 3rd screen part move along a direction relative with described first grid plate portion with one second vertical range from described datum level,

One of the described first wall that tilts and the described second and the 3rd screen part intersect,

In described second wall that tilts and the described second and the 3rd screen part another intersects,

Described first and second walls that tilt and described first grid plate portion cooperatively interact and form trough with in opposed face described before and the back opposed face another,

The first wall of the first wall that tilts second wall long and second wall is grown up in described arm lengths and the described the first arm length faced,

Described a plurality of screen blade is set up with the array format that replaces, and described trough is between the phase adjacency pair of screen contact surface,

Described screen part, screen blade and trough are downward-sloping from described outward flange with an angle, to absorb and to keep fluid drop in described heat exchange and the mass exchange equipment;

Each described grid plate structure can both cooperatively interact with adjacent grid plate structure, with the preceding opposed face that forms contact length and described grid plate structure and afterwards one of opposed face contact the screen part, thereby contact the preceding opposed face of described adjacent gate plate structure and back another screen part and the contact length in the opposed face, with in described screen parts between the screen part of adjacent contact screen blade and described grid plate structure the non-equilateral grid matrix of qualification.