CN1326784C - Water quality environment in situ rehabilitation method in aquatic breeding - Google Patents
Water quality environment in situ rehabilitation method in aquatic breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN1326784C CN1326784C CNB200510044694XA CN200510044694A CN1326784C CN 1326784 C CN1326784 C CN 1326784C CN B200510044694X A CNB200510044694X A CN B200510044694XA CN 200510044694 A CN200510044694 A CN 200510044694A CN 1326784 C CN1326784 C CN 1326784C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a water quality environment in situ restoration method in aquiculture, which is characterized in that after the pond cleaning work is finished for one week, composite microbe can be firstly put in a pond; after prawns are cultivated for one month, frogs can be hung to the pond; radial striations gracilaria can be cultivated after half month, composite microbe can be applied once per 7 to 15 days. The composite microbe comprises bacillocin and photosynthetic bacteria, and the quantitative proportion is 1 to 2. The density of the applied bacillocin is not smaller than 1.5*10<10> number/ m<3>. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention utilizes a shell-algae-microbe system to realize cooperation restoration to the habitat of the pond, and thereby, organic pollutant and eutrophication inorganic nutrient salt in water bodies can be reduced. The present invention reduces harmful ingredients in water bodies, solves the problem of self pollution of a cultivation pond, fundamentally solves the ecological environment pollution problem of cultivation waste water to surrounding offing, largely improves the growing environment of cultivation animals, such as prawns, etc., reduces diseases and enhances survival rate and growth rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological means of utilizing the original position reparation is carried out in the prawn pool habitat, with control with reduce the method for aquaculture to the pollution of self and surrounding environment---water quality environment in-situ remediation method in the aquaculture.
Background technology
In recent years, people more and more pay close attention to the pressure of aquaculture to environment, and except the influence of cultivating system internal medium factor pair aquaculture organism growth, the breeding wastewater that discharge in the prawn culturing pond also comes into one's own day by day to the influence of paralic environment.The height intensive culture mode that adopt at present many in the world countries and regions is utilized biological method, by setting up special breeding wastewater treatment system to reduce blowdown.In these treatment systems, mainly utilize the not same-action of filter-feeding shellfish and macro, independently put in a suitable place to breed in different processing units, utilize the filter-feeding shellfish to come particulate matter in the filtering water body, macro then is used for absorbing nutritive salt abundant in the breeding wastewater, the most reprocessed breeding water returns the breed pond and obtains recycle, and from the angle of environment remediation, this pattern can be called as the dystopy recovery technique.In prawn culturing was produced, this repair mode had some application.But owing to the interference of popular prawn virus disease, people generally adopted sealing, semiclosed mode to carry out prawn culturing in recent years, and original dystopy wastewater processing technology is difficult in the shrimp pond implementing, and shrimp pond self-pollution is on the rise.Simultaneously, the deterioration of environment has to a certain degree increased the weight of the outburst of prawn disease.Therefore, be badly in need of both at home and abroad a kind of in the shrimp pond original position carry out water conditioning, repair the technology in habitat, impaired pond.
Carrying out raising together with between the different sorts is one of a kind of mode that reduces the breed environmental pollution preferably, it utilize a plurality of breed kinds in water body the mutual benefit effect or occupy different spatial niches, the reasonably combined breed reduced the negative impact to system's internal and external environment.From the angle of water quality environment reparation, this pattern can be called as the original position reparation.But comprehensive utilization microorganism, macro and filter-feeding shellfish carry out the original position reparation to the prawn pool habitat, with reduce shrimp pond self-pollution with and draining the technology of the pollution in coastal waters be yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the water quality environment in-situ remediation method in a kind of aquaculture, to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention utilizes filter-feeding shellfish, macro and microorganism prawn pool water quality environment to carry out comprehensive repair, to repair shrimp pond ecological environment, reduces the pollution of cultured prawn pond self and surrounding environment.
Discover that the filter-feeding shellfish is mainly as a kind of biological filter,, thereby improve the material utilization of system by the graininess organic substances such as plant plankton in the filter food effect filtering water body.Its biological settlement action that causes also can make the transfer of granules that is suspended in the water body to bottom, causes the deposition at substrate such as organism and N, P etc. but meanwhile; Utilize the good repair of macro prawn pool eutrophication again, significantly reduce nutrient concentrations such as N, P in the water body, particularly absorb and fixing nutritive substances such as N, P in the water body by its, can be when results, it is shifted out from the shrimp pond, thereby reduce the aquaculture water nutrition content greatly, fundamentally solved breeding wastewater the pollution of paralic environment is had a good environmental benefit; Utilize complex microorganism to reduce organic accumulation then, handle harmful nitrogen salt in the water body etc. by nitrification and denitrification at water body.With effective reduction water body ammonia nitrogen and substrate total nitrogen, make the pollutent removing that is degraded in the original place, easy and simple to handle, surrounding environment is disturbed few.Therefore, by the optimization proportioning of shellfish, algae ratio and the reasonable use of microorganism, comprehensively with the advantage separately of integrating three kinds of biologies, the deficiency that remedies separately then can improve its repairing effect greatly.Particulate pollutant in the shellfish energy good treatment water body, microorganism can be accelerated the mineralization velocity of pollutent and handle pollutent by nitrated, denitrification, and plants such as macro can absorb the eutrophication composition in the water body.Promptly, can efficiently handle breeding wastewater by shellfish-microorganism-algae original position total system.
Water quality environment in-situ remediation method in a kind of aquaculture, after it is characterized in that the work of cleaning up the pond is finished 7-10 days, the complex microorganism that will contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium is at least rendered in the pond earlier, after treating that prawn is put January in a suitable place to breed, again clam is hung and support in pond waters, put the radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts behind the two weeks in a suitable place to breed, applied complex microorganism once every 7-15 days, it is 60-150kg/ mu that the hanging of clam supported density, and the breeding density of radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is 120-250kg/ mu.
Its composition of described complex microorganism must contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium, and its quantitative proportion is 1: 2, wherein, apply complex microorganism after, the density of bacillus category is not less than 1.5 * 10 in the pond
10Individual/m
3
Characteristics of the present invention are to adopt shellfish-algae-microflora that the habitat, pond is repaired, and it is effective, can reduce organic pollutant and eutrophication inorganic nutrient salt in the water body, reduces the generation of objectionable constituent in the water body.Not only solved the automatic pollution problem of cultivating pool, also fundamentally solved breeding wastewater coastal waters ecological environmental pollution problem on every side.Simultaneously, improve the growing environment of cultivated animals such as prawn greatly, reduced disease, improved the surviving rate and the speed of growth.In addition, the results by shellfish and economic algae can obtain the certain economic income.
Experimental results show that, the present invention can make shrimp pond water quality obviously improve, and self-pollution is effectively controlled in the system, and water body total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) reduce 10%-20%, the substrate organic matter accumulation reduces 40%, and system's blowdown flow rate reduces 20%-50% than traditional system.
Embodiment
Water quality environment in-situ remediation method in a kind of aquaculture, after it is characterized in that the work of cleaning up the pond is finished 7-10 days, the complex microorganism that will contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium is at least rendered in the pond earlier, after treating that prawn is put January in a suitable place to breed, again clam is hung and support in the pond, put the radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts behind the two weeks in a suitable place to breed, applied complex microorganism once in every 7-15 days, it is 60-150kg/ mu that the hanging of clam supported density, and the breeding density of radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is 120-250kg/ mu.
Its composition of described complex microorganism must contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium, and its quantitative proportion is 1: 2.The bacillus category density that applies is not less than 1.5 * 10
10Individual/m
3, this mushroom its principal constituent usually is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereus) and Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis).Photosynthetic bacterium is as Purple Non-sulfur photosynthetic bacterium commonly used etc.
For the ease of implementing the present invention, provide working method or rules below in detail:
1. after cleaning up the pond by normal breed program, put prawn in a suitable place to breed by common stocking rate and stocking size, its stocking rate is generally between 20000-40000 tail/mu.
2. hang after prawn is put back 1 month in a suitable place to breed and support clam, the clam specification is not less than 5.0g, and stocking rate is a 60-150kg/ mu.Usually stamp timber or bamboo stake on two long limits in pond, traverse the pond then and pull on the well rope rope that diameter is no less than 1.5cm, every about 3-5m, fasten a ball float, hang 1 cage of culturing clam under each ball float from above.
3. after clam hangs foster two weeks, put the radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts in a suitable place to breed.The stocking rate of radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is about 120-250kg/ mu.Hanging the thick well rope rope of clam cage and fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts curtain net alternately arranges mutually.
4. regularly use complex microorganism during culturing.Be applied in for the first time and clean up the pond 7-10 days, after the promptly common property of medicine at medicine disappeared, the consumption of complex microorganism was that normal twice is advisable, and regularly uses once every 7～15 days later on.Must contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium in the complex microorganism composition, its quantitative proportion is 1: 2, apply complex microorganism after, the density of bacillus category is not less than 1.5 * 10 in the pond
10Individual/m
3
5. normally carry out daily administrations such as throwing something and feeding of prawn.Regularly the growing state of clam and fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is checked, the dirt of periodic cleaning on it, finding to have assorted algae such as Enteromorpha and spiral shell, basket fish, spiral shell to win roach etc. is the animal of food with the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, should remove as far as possible.Do not change water during the breed, the seawater only import but no export.
Embodiment 1
Be 25 * 25m with area in May, 2004-August
2The aquifer cultivation prawn, prawn breeding density is 20000 tail/mus.Wherein, adopt 4 water bodys of the present invention as treatment group, it is 120kg/ mu that the hanging of the clam in the water body supported density, and the breeding density of radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is 125kg/ mu.The concentration of genus bacillus is 2.0 * 10 in the water body complex microorganism
10Individual/m
3The genus bacillus name of product is " sharp giving birth to is good for ", main component is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus cereus (Bacilluscereus) and Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), and genus bacillus is 1: 2 with the quantity ratio of photosynthetic bacterium.To organize in contrast without any 4 water bodys handling.
The result shows that except the output that has increased clam and fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, the surviving rate of prawn has improved 19.37%, and prawn output increases, and input-output ratio then improves 38.52%; Shrimp pond water quality is significantly improved, TN, NH in the water body
4-N, NO
3-N, NO
2-N and the contrast of TP concentration ratio significantly descend, and reduce respectively more than 25%, 31%, 31%, 55% and 17%; TN and the TP that discharge in the waste water in the shrimp pond reduce by 50% and 63% respectively, and organic deposition then reduces more than 50% in the substrate.Simultaneously, system has then improved 1 times and 2.5 times respectively to the utilization ratio of N, P.
Data in the table 1-table 3 have been listed situations such as TOC concentration, the N that discharges TN, TP concentration and system in the breeding wastewater, P utilization ratio in the results, pond water quality, bed mud of the aquaculture organism among the embodiment 1 respectively.
The results situation of table 1 aquaculture organism
| Project | Prawn surviving rate (%) | Prawn net production (kghm 2) | Clam net production (kghm 2) | Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts net production (kghm 2) | Input-output ratio |
| The treatment group control group | 78.21 65.52 | 1367.7 1154.0 | 328.4 0 | 7795.3 0 | 1∶1.69 1∶1.22 |
Table 2 experimental session enclosure hydrochemical index average (mean number ± standard deviation)
| Project | TN (μg/l) | NH 4-N (μg/l) | NO 3-N (μg/l) | NO 2-N (μg/l) | TP (μg/l) |
| The treatment group control group | 1003.86±204.68 1342.21±184.93 | 159.35±23.85 232.07±28.75 | 38.72±10.93 57.75±7.06 | 4.23±2.07 9.51+2.06 | 58.63±3.93 74.76±5.00 |
Table 3 is discharged TN, TP content in the breeding wastewater, bed mud TOC content and the N of system, P utilization ratio
| Project | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | Bed mud TOC (mg/g) | System N utilization ratio (%) | System P utilization ratio (%) |
| The treatment group control group | 5.528 11.108 | 0.014 0.038 | 14.04±1.65 28.52±1.58 | 52.9 25.2 | 26.1 7.4 |
Embodiment 2
Be 50 * 50m with area in May, 2004-August
2The aquifer cultivation prawn, prawn breeding density is 30000 tail/mus, it is 60kg/ mu that the hanging of clam supported density, the breeding density of radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is 240kg/ mu, the concentration of genus bacillus is 1.5 * 10 in the water body complex microorganism
10Individual/m
3Other is with embodiment 1.
The result shows that except the output that has increased clam and fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, surviving rate and the output of prawn all increase, and input-output ratio has improved 54.92%; Shrimp pond water quality is significantly improved, TN, NH in the water body
4-N, NO
3-N, NO
2-N and the contrast of TP concentration ratio significantly descend, and reduce respectively more than 20%, 16%, 33%, 28% and 12%; TN and the TP that discharge in the waste water in the shrimp pond reduce by 23% and 50% respectively, and organic deposition then reduces more than 46% in the substrate.Simultaneously, cultivating system has then improved 1 times and 1.5 times respectively to the utilization ratio of N, P.
Data in the table 4-table 6 have been listed situations such as TOC concentration, the N that discharges TN, TP concentration and system in the breeding wastewater, P utilization ratio in the results, pond water quality, bed mud of the aquaculture organism among the embodiment 2 respectively.
The results situation of table 4 aquaculture organism
| Project | Prawn surviving rate (%) | Prawn net production (kghm 2) | Clam net production (kghm 2) | Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts net production (kghm 2) | Input-output ratio |
| The treatment group control group | 69.67 65.52 | 1189.5 1154.0 | 164.3 0 | 9380.2 0 | 1∶1.89 1∶1.22 |
Table 5 experimental session enclosure hydrochemical index average (mean number ± standard deviation)
| Project | TN (μg/l) | NH 4-N (μg/l) | NO 3-N (μg/l) | NO 2-N (μg/l) | TP (μg/l) |
| The treatment group control group | 1073.62 1342.21 | 193.62 232.07 | 38.72 57.75 | 6.84 9.51 | 65.72 74.76 |
Table 6 is discharged TN, TP content in the breeding wastewater, bed mud TOC content and the N of system, P utilization ratio
| Project | TN (mg/l) | TP (mg/l) | Bed mud TOC (mg/g) | System N utilization ratio (%) | System P utilization ratio (%) |
| The treatment group control group | 8.514 11.108 | 0.019 0.038 | 15.51 28.52 | 50.8 25.2 | 19.1 7.4 |
Claims (5)
1, water quality environment in-situ remediation method in a kind of aquaculture, it is characterized in that after the work of cleaning up the pond is finished 7-10 days, the complex microorganism that will contain bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium is at least rendered in the pond earlier, after treating that prawn is put January in a suitable place to breed, again clam is hung and support in the pond, put the radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts behind the two weeks in a suitable place to breed, and applied complex microorganism once every 7-15 days.
2, in-situ remediation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it is 60-150kg/ mu that hanging of above-mentioned clam supported density, and its specification is not less than 5.0g.
3, in-situ remediation method as claimed in claim 1, the breeding density that it is characterized in that above-mentioned radial striations fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is 120-250kg/ mu.
4, in-situ remediation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that must containing bacillus category and photosynthetic bacterium in the above-mentioned complex microorganism, and its quantitative proportion is 1: 2.
5, as claim 1 or 4 described in-situ remediation methods, after it is characterized in that applying complex microorganism, the density of bacillus category is not less than 1.5 * 10 in the pond
10Individual/m
3
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101817592B (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2012-12-12 | 中国海洋大学 | Comprehensive organism repairing method of eutrophication seawater cage culture zone |
| CN101880091A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-11-10 | 昆明光宝生物技术工程有限公司 | Method for controlling polluted water body |
| CN102369878A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2012-03-14 | 杭州林音生物技术有限公司 | Microorganism intervention-based water area food chain restoration method |
| CN102212606B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2014-12-10 | 长江水资源保护科学研究所 | Method for tracking bacterial non-point pollution source |
| CN102674561B (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-07-31 | 中国海洋大学 | Preparation method for immobilized spherules for mariculture waste water treatment |
| CN103588360B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-08-19 | 广西大学 | A kind of feed coefficient marine culture wastewater treatment process and treatment system |
| CN107258634A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Have the system and operation method of beach Spat culture and cultivation water process concurrently |
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| CN1613303A (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2005-05-11 | 中山大学 | Method for recovering waste water from aquatic culture in original place |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1613303A (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2005-05-11 | 中山大学 | Method for recovering waste water from aquatic culture in original place |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 施用芽孢杆菌对虾池底泥细菌群落的影响 林亮，李卓佳，郭志勋，杨莺莺，林小涛，贾晓平，生态学杂志，第24卷第1期 2005 * |
| 生物修复法及其在改善养殖水体中的应用 杨中喜，杨建恒，张永，安徽农业科学，第31卷第6期 2003 * |
| 生物修复法及其在改善养殖水体中的应用 杨中喜，杨建恒，张永，安徽农业科学，第31卷第6期 2003;施用芽孢杆菌对虾池底泥细菌群落的影响 林亮，李卓佳，郭志勋，杨莺莺，林小涛，贾晓平，生态学杂志，第24卷第1期 2005 * |
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