CN1323179C - High-strength, High-conductivity copper-base alloy material and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a copper base alloy material with high strength and high electric conduction and a preparation method thereof. The copper base alloy material has the components by the following weight percentage: 0.01 to 2.5 of Cr, 0.01 to 2.0 of Zr, 0.01 to 2.0 of any one of Y, La and Sm, and Cu as the rest. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the components are processed by vacuum melting so that a liquid alloy of the components is obtained; a bar material or sheet material finished product is obtained by processing the liquid alloy by atomization, rapid solidification, milling, compacting, sintering and extrusion. The alloy material has the characteristics of good electric conductivity, good heat conductivity, high temperature strength, high softening temperature and high electrical conductivity, and can be used as manufacturing materials of resistance welding electrodes, lead frames and electric conduction bridges in the electrician trade.

Description

High strength and high conductivity copper-based alloy material and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to copper-based alloy material and preparation method thereof, particularly the high strength and high conductivity copper-based alloy material.

Background technology

The high strength and high conductivity copper alloy is meant the alloy of the high-temperature behavior of taking into account high intensity and excellence when having good conduction, heat conductivility again, and its major requirement is under the principle of not losing electric conductivity and thermal conductivity, and the intensity of alloy is improved.Copper-based alloy material also can be used for substituting deleterious berylliumbronze, phosphor bronze etc. and makes rly. bearing and high-low pressure interconnecting devices etc. mainly as materials such as the resistance welding electrode in the industries such as automobile, motorcycle, electrician, electronics, electric power, lead frame, conducting bridges.At present, this class alloy mainly is divided into four classes by its chemical ingredients, intensity, electric conductivity both at home and abroad: (1) high strength and high conductivity copper alloy, tensile strength=500～600MPa, electric conductivity=80～90%IACS, as Cu-Cr-Zr, Cu-Ag-Cr, Cu-Cr or Zr alloy, CuAl ₂O ₃, CuRE ₂O ₃Deng.This class alloy has higher mechanical properties and conduction, heat conductivility; (2) strong high-conductivity copper alloy in, tensile strength=350～550MPa, electric conductivity=70～98%IACS, as Cu-Ag, Cu-Cd, Cu-Cr, Cu-Zr etc.; (3) high-strength middle conductive copper alloy, ultimate tensile strength=700～800MPa, electric conductivity=40～50%IACS.As Cu-Be, Cu-Ni-Si, Cu-Ni-Co etc.; (4) the low by force conductive copper alloy of superelevation, ultimate tensile strength 〉=900MPa, electric conductivity=10～30%IACS, as Cu-Ti, Cu-Be-Co etc.

In recent years,, requirements at the higher level have been proposed traditional copper base electrical material along with the development of high-strength highly-conductive electric material relevant industries, as: keep high conduction, thermal conductivity in room temperature and high temperature, hardness is good, has good non-deformability and processing characteristics etc.For many years, the research of this field novel material mainly concentrates on copper-transition element, as: Cu-Zr, Cu-Cr, Cu-Ni-Ti, Cu-Be-Co etc.Technology of preparing is an alloy casting.The reinforcement means are working hardening, solution strengthening or ageing strengthening etc.Though these methods make moderate progress to the performance and the use range of copper-based alloy material, and performances such as material electric conductivity, hot strength, hot hardness and softening temperature are not almost had obvious improvement.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides a kind of copper-based alloy material with high-strength high-conductivity and preparation method thereof.

The copper-based alloy material composition (weight %) of realizing the object of the invention is: 0.01～2.5Cr, 0.01～2.0Zr, any of 0.01～2.0Y, La, Sm, surplus Cu.

Copper-based alloy material preparation method of the present invention comprises following process steps in regular turn:

1. Cu, the Cr, Zr, the Y (or La or Sm) that configure in proportion of vacuum melting;

2. with rate of cooling 10 ⁵～10 ⁶K/S with step 1. the gained alloy liquid be atomized into powder;

3. under the 150MPa-300MPa pressure with step 2. the gained powdered alloy be pressed into billet;

4. 3. gained pressed compact of 800 ℃ of-900 ℃ of sintering temperature steps;

5. cold working step is billet 4., obtains finished-product material.

By research Cu-Zr, Cu-Cr, Cu-Cr-Zr system and other electrical conductivity alloies, the present invention has finished the design of alloy formula.Contained rare earth element y, La or Sm in the alloy of the present invention, even dispersion is distributed on the intracrystalline and crystal boundary of alloy crystal, in alloy, form new strengthening phase, play and improve alloy microstructure, improve the effect of alloy recrystallization temperature, improve the physical and mechanical property of alloy simultaneously, improved the thermostability and the heat resistance of material.Alloy material of the present invention, part is used for 380V weldingvoltage, 7300A welding current, 8 cycle weld intervals are in the suspension type welding machine of 150Kg welding pressure, with existing CuCr, the CuCrZr alloy material is compared, and anti-electrical arc erosion ability is strong, improves work-ing life more than 2 times.In addition, owing to adopted rapid solidification flour and extruding integrated technology, it is poly-partially to have overcome alloy organizing, refinement crystal grain, improved the structure and the performance of material.The fibrous tissue that forms of extrusion technique particularly helps improving conduction, heat conductivility, physical and mechanical properties and the electric property of material.Therefore, the invention alloy material that obtains with preparation method of the present invention has good conductivity, thermal conductivity is good, hot strength is high, softening temperature is high and electric conductivity is high characteristics.

For guaranteeing the performance of alloy material, starting material Cr, the Zr that the present invention adopts, Y, La, Sm, Cu purity are greater than 99.95%.

Table 1, table 2, table 3 are respectively copper-based alloy material performance of the present invention, same type of material is used comparing result and same type of material technical feature comparing result.

The proportioning of table 1 copper-based alloy material of the present invention and performance

Embodiment	Alloying constituent (weight %)						Material property
												Cr	Zr	La	Sm	Y	Cu	Hardness HBS	Tensile strength MPa	Unit elongation %	Electric conductivity IACS%	Softening temperature ℃
	1	0.05	0.05	0.1			Surplus	101	455	17	90												600
2												0.5	0.5		0.5		Surplus	122	480	12	90	650
	3	1.0	0.5			1.0	Surplus	130	511	10	85												650
4												1.5	1.0			1.5	Surplus	150	620	8	85	700
	5	2.0	1.5	1.0			Surplus	160	710	7	80												700
6												2.5	2.0		1.5		Surplus	170	750	6	75	700

Table 2 copper-based alloy material result of use of the present invention is (numbering 5-8 is a Comparative Examples) relatively

Numbering	Alloying constituent (weight %)						Implementation condition (hanging or welding machine)	Electric life (chassis)
									Cr	Zr	La	Sm	Y	Cu
	1	0.5	0.5		0.5										Surplus	380V，7300A	2500
2							1.0	0.5			1.0	Surplus	380V，7300A	3000
	3	2.0	1.5	1.0											Surplus	380V，7300A	4000
4							2.5	2.0		1.5		Surplus	380V，7300A	4500
	5	1.0													Surplus	380V，7300A	1000
6							1.0	0.5				Surplus	380V，7300A	1200
	7	2.0	1.5												Surplus	380V，7300A	1500
8							2.5	2.0				Surplus	380V，7300A	2000

The technical indicator of table 3 alloy material of the present invention and domestic and foreign current material relatively

Material property	Title material and source
								U.S. CuCr	Japan CuAl 2O 3	China CuAl 2O 3	Domestic CuCr	Domestic CuCrZrRE	Domestic CuAl 2O 3	Domestic CuRE 2O 3
	Softening temperature ℃	550	900	850	550	600	950								950
Tensile strength MPa								530	550	500	500	550	550	550
	Unit elongation %	14	6	7	15	13	8								8
Hardness (HRB) (annealed state)								73	75	76	72	75	80	81
	Electric conductivity (IACS%)	85	85	70	75	85	85								85

Embodiment

According to table 1 alloy material formula rate of the present invention, take by weighing the used starting material of alloy, prepare copper-based alloy material according to following process steps in sequence:

(1) with the Cu of purity more than 99.95%, Cr, Zr, Y (La, Sm) configures in proportion, in a vacuum molten alloyization in the frequency smelting furnace;

(2) (patent No.: 91209848.1) alloy liquid that (1) step is obtained is atomized into powder, and the atomizing rate of cooling is 10 to utilize the chilling fuel pulverizing plant ⁵-10 ⁶K/S, centrifugal turntable speed is 7000r/min, the atomizing heat-eliminating medium is a water;

(3) under 150MPa-300MPa pressure with 2) the powdered alloy compression moulding that obtains of step;

(4) sintering 3 in 800 ℃ of-900 ℃ of temperature ranges) go on foot the pressed compact that obtains;

(5) extruding and cold working 4) work in-process that go on foot, obtain bar or sheet material, be processed as finished product by service requirements again.

Claims (2)

1. high strength and high conductivity copper-based alloy material, it is characterized in that the weight percent of its composition is: Cr 1.0%～2.5%, and Zr 1.5%～2.0%, and the weight percent of any chemical ingredients of Y, La, Sm is 0.01%～2.0%, and surplus is Cu.

2. copper-based alloy material preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising in regular turn following process steps:

1. Cu, Cr, Zr, Y or the La or the Sm that configure in proportion of vacuum melting;

2. with rate of cooling 10 ⁵~ 10 ⁶K/S with step 1. the gained alloy liquid be atomized into powder;

3. under the 150MPa-300MPa pressure with step 2. the gained powdered alloy be pressed into billet;

4. 3. gained pressed compact of 800 ℃ of-900 ℃ of sintering temperature steps;

5. cold working step is billet 4., obtains finished-product material.