CN1319910A - Rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium battery - Google Patents
Rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN1319910A CN1319910A CN00120918A CN00120918A CN1319910A CN 1319910 A CN1319910 A CN 1319910A CN 00120918 A CN00120918 A CN 00120918A CN 00120918 A CN00120918 A CN 00120918A CN 1319910 A CN1319910 A CN 1319910A
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- fluorine
- coating
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- DLUYFHACTLVJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[F].[Cr] Chemical compound [Li].[F].[Cr] DLUYFHACTLVJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- SJBJMBZNYNSJGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M F[Li].[Cr] Chemical compound F[Li].[Cr] SJBJMBZNYNSJGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKFDWSVVMAKCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C=1C(C(=O)OCC)=CC=CC1)(=O)OCC.[C] Chemical compound C(C=1C(C(=O)OCC)=CC=CC1)(=O)OCC.[C] WKFDWSVVMAKCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000238367 Mya arenaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical class FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
A rechargeable solid-state battery (10) comprises a plurality of cathode plates (8) and a plurality of anode plates (7) which are staggered with respect to each other, wherein the anode plates (7) comprise an aluminum foil (41) coated with a coating of a mixture (43) consisting of at least lithium manganate, chromium and fluorine. The cathode plate (8) includes a copper foil (47) coated with a coating of a mixture (49) containing petroleum coke. Between the anode plate (7) and the cathode plate (8) is a solid electrolyte (14) made of lithium perchlorate dissolved in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate.
Description
But solid chromium-fluoro-lithium (" CrFLi ") battery that the present invention relates generally to a kind of reignition and recharges, and relate to this kind battery that can be used for driving electric motor car such as electrocar.In order to reduce environmental pollution, worldwide, carried out many researchs are used to drive locomotive such as car to develop alternative fossil fuel battery.At present, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell, Ni-MH battery and sodium-sulphur battery can be used as the storage battery that drives locomotive.It has been generally acknowledged that lead-acid battery and nickel-cadmium cell may have best commerce and technical prospect, and they can be used as the appropriate candidates of the storage battery of electrical power storage.However, because the energy/weight ratio of this two classes battery is lower, recharge time is long and maintenance requirement is high, so the exploitation electrocar directly is affected.
Along with further research and development, recognize that zinc-air battery, lithium ion battery and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells also are the best electrokinetic cells that is used to drive electrocar to electrokinetic cell.Yet the interior resistance of zinc-air battery is big, and also must improve the supply technology of zinc ion and make it more practical.For lithium ion battery,, there is the danger of catching fire and exploding in the process of charging repeatedly because metallic cobalt and lithium deposition are arranged.As for pem cell, thought to drive the ideal source of electrocar by some.Yet, the difficulty that still has many needs to overcome here.Various practices and technical difficulty have also seriously hindered the electrocar industrial expansion.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium cell.Of the present inventionly advance a purpose and provide and be used to drive for example this kind battery of electrocar of electric motor car.
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing rechargeable solid state battery, it comprises the steps: that (a) prepares at least one positive plate; (b) make at least one minus plate; (c) between described positive plate and minus plate, place a kind of electrolyte; It is characterized in that described battery carries out initial charge under the temperature more than 48 ℃.
Below will be by way of example, and, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to appended figure, wherein:
Fig. 1 has expressed two solid chromium-fluoro-lithiums of the present invention (" CrFLi ") battery, and cut open by part in order to illustrate better for one of them described battery;
Indicate the enlarged drawing of the circle part of " A " in Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 3 represents by a plurality of battery pack that connect to form of battery shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 represents connecting plate that the battery shown in Fig. 1 is electrically connected.
The expanded view of the vent valve of the battery shown in Fig. 5 A presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 5 B is the fragmentary, perspective view of the vent valve shown in Fig. 5 A;
Fig. 6 is the amplification partial side view of the positive plate of battery shown in Figure 1; With
Fig. 7 is the amplification partial side view of the minus plate of battery shown in Fig. 1.
Represented among Fig. 1 that two can be discharged and rechargeable solid chromium-fluoro-lithium (" CrFLi ") battery 10.Each battery 10 comprises a plurality of minus plates 8 and a plurality of positive plate 7 of interlaced arrangement.Though positive plate 7 and minus plate 8 are expressed as planely here, they also can be curved surface shaped, rolling shape or other suitable shape.Battery 10 has a hard shell, and it can be made by polypropylene or nickel plating metal.In addition, shell 13 also can be made by the soft shell that polyurethane, aluminium foil and polyethylene are formed.
An anode 3, a negative electrode 4 and a vent valve 9 are arranged on the top of shell 13.Anode 3 is connected with positive plate 7 in shell 13, and negative electrode 4 is connected with minus plate 8 in shell 13.Between positive plate 7 and the minus plate 8 is solid electrolyte, and its details will be introduced below.With safety cap 1 place on the anode 3, safety cap 2 places on the negative electrode 4.Both make safety cap 1,2 by polybenzothiozole.When for can provide more electric energy that many batteries 10 are connected to form battery pack the time, safety cap 1,2 can be avoided the short circuit that meets accident between negative electrode 4 and anode 3.
On the first type surface of shell 13 fin 12 is arranged, it is in the base of this first type surface and the inboard of side.On another first type surface of shell 13 incline 11 is arranged, its base and two sides along this first type surface distribute.The rib 12 that the size and the configuration of rib 11 and 12 is designed so that a battery 10 can be pressed in the incline 11 that is engaged to another battery 10, thereby with 10 engagements of two batteries be fixed together.
About the lead-in wire that uses in the present invention, under the situation of bladder, anode lug 5 the most handy fine aluminiums are made, and the cathode connection sheet the red copper of handy nickel plating make.Under the situation of hard coat, the most handy stainless aluminum is equipped with anode 3, and the red copper of handy nickel plating prepares negative electrode.
Used lead-in wire preferably adopts specific hot adhesion method in the electrode tabs of the present invention under the situation of bladder.Like this, can realize permanent connection.Hard coat 13 application chloro trifluoro-ethylenes are sealed and are insulated.
As shown in Figure 3, four battery 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D are meshing with each other and fix and form a battery pack.Battery 10A-10D can be accomplished in several ways electrical connection.A kind of mode is can be with battery 10A-10D series connection, and for example the anode 3 with battery 10A is connected with the negative electrode 4 of battery 10B, and the anode 3 of battery 10B is connected with the negative electrode 4 of battery 10C, and the rest may be inferred.The output voltage of supposing four battery 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D is identical, and then the output voltage of battery pack as shown in Figure 3 (being connected in series) will be each 4 times of output voltage among four battery 10A, 10B, 10C and the 10D.Another kind of mode is four battery 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D parallel connection can be electrically connected all anodes 3, and all negative electrodes 4 are electrically connected.And, the output voltage of supposing four battery 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D all is identical, then the output voltage of battery pack as shown in Figure 3 (being connected in parallel) will be identical with the output voltage of battery 10A, but this battery pack can supply the longer time electricity consumption with four times capacitance.
Fig. 4 has shown a link 15 of the electrode (just anode 3 and negative electrode 4) that can be used for being electrically connected battery 10.This link 15 comprises the hard terminal key of two conductions, and each all has a mesopore 19.Key 17 can connect with a branch of lead 21.Two terminal keys 17 and lead 21 all can be formed from steel.As can be seen from Figure 1, anode 3 and negative electrode 4 all have external screw thread, and nut 23 can mesh by this screw thread.The end 17 of link 15 can place on anode 3 or the negative electrode 4 thus, and is fixed with nut 23 respectively.
As for vent valve 9, detailed condition is referring to Fig. 5 A and 5B.As shown, vent valve 9 comprises three assemblies, i.e. loam cake 25, elasticity ethylene-propylene-diene monomer film 27 and base plate 29.Base plate 29 comprises that one has the central recess 31 of steam vent 33, and base plate can be connected to the inside of battery 10.The size and dimension of adjusting sheet rubber 27 makes its groove that can place base plate 29 31.Loam cake 25 comprises many steam vents 35 (Fig. 5 A has listed wherein two) on the sidewall 37 of its protruding barrel portion 39.In the time of assembling, sheet rubber 27 is placed groove 31 and closed steam vent 33, and loam cake 25 is fixed on (for example passing through laser welding) base plate 29.
In the preparation process of battery 10, electrolytical solvent (for example ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate) may produce gas, and it must be removed from battery 10 to avoid blast.When the internal pressure among the battery 10 surpasses preset range (for example atmospheric pressure), gas will apply by the bottom of 33 pairs of sheet rubbers 27 of steam vent and upward pressure, so that sheet rubber 27 protuberances, thereby housing 13 gas inside that make battery 10 can enter by the space between sheet rubber 27 round edges and the base plate 29 in the chamber of protruding barrel portion 39 of loam cake 25, and are discharged in the external environment condition by steam vent 35 thus.Though gas only produces in the initial shaping/preparation process of battery 10 usually, but for the sake of security, this vent valve 9 is retained in the battery 10, to guarantee if the internal pressure of battery 10 is when surpassing preset range in the process of discharge or charging, gas in the battery 10 can be discharged, and when the internal pressure of battery 10 is lower than preset range, therefore steam vent 33 (and vent valve 9 also) will be closed in time.
The vent valve of common lithium ion battery and alkaline battery (for example being used in the battery in the portable computer) mainly utilizes the structure of fracturing diaphragm, wherein when the internal pressure of battery surpasses preset range, described film will break so that gas is expelled to the external environment condition from inside battery.Yet because film breaks, battery can not re-use.For the high-energy battery of special designing high-power, vent valve is mainly spring ball closing structure, and wherein closed ball is controlled by a spring, and it is in the position of closing this valve usually.Yet when the inside battery gas pressure surpassed preset range, the deflecting force that described closed ball will overcome spring owing to the gas in the battery moved, and removes to allow that the gas the battery is expelled in the external environment condition from the position of closing.
The structure of the conventional vent valve of discussing in the paragraph is quite complicated and requires Precision Machining in front.In addition, the fracturing diaphragm structure be not suitable for big electric current repeat discharge and recharge in the battery.As for spring ball closing structure, then may be under the situation of long-term pressurized, spring deforms.In addition, the production cost height of this kind valve.
On the other hand, the used ethylene-propylene-diene monomer film 27 of the present invention has following advantage:
A. it is acid and alkali resistance and organic chemicals;
B. linear between pressure and the deformation extent;
C. after using for a long time and repeatedly, elasticity does not change.
D. lower price;
E. make easily, and do not need Precision Machining; With
F. good closure effect.
Thus, but the vent valve with closure film of being made by ethylene propylene diene rubber is best suited for being used in reignition of the present invention and the battery that recharges in.
Fig. 6 has shown the amplification partial side view of positive plate 7 of the present invention.This positive plate 7 comprises the aluminium foil 41 that 0.3mm is thick.On two first type surfaces of aluminium foil 41, be coated with the coating of making by following component 43:
-83-90.5% LiMn2O4 (be sharp brilliant formula, can buy) from Belgian UMEX company;
-1-2wt.% chromium
-1.5-3wt.% lithium fluoride;
-5-8wt.% acetylene carbon black; With
-2-4wt.% graphite.
Then above-mentioned component is mixed and be dissolved in water and/or the ethanol, and be coated to subsequently on the aluminium foil 41.When the aluminium foil 41 after will applying is heated to about 300 ℃, coating 43 will be solidified.The thickness of coating 43 is about 0.25mm.It on coating 43 another separator 45 that makes by ternary acrylic acid.It is thick that each separator 45 is 0.1min.When aluminium foil 41 is heated to once more make described separator 45 dried/cured after, just make single positive plate 7.Find that in practice aluminium foil 41 should be thicker than coating 43.Find also that in practice the existence of chromium can make battery 10 set the speed charge or discharge greater than 1C of capacity with it.The implication of symbol " C " is discussed below.As for fluoride, find that it can make battery 10 discharge above under 50 ℃ the high temperature.
As for the minus plate shown in Fig. 78, it comprises that thickness is about the Copper Foil 47 of 0.35mm.Coating thickness is about the coating 49 of 0.36mm on two first type surfaces of Copper Foil 47.Coating 49 is that the mixture by following material makes:
-be milled to the petroleum coke that particle diameter is 30-40 μ m;
-1-2wt.% graphite;
The acetylene carbon black of-0.5-1wt.%; And
These components are mixed in as the water of solvent and/or ethanol and dissolving, and subsequently it is coated on the Copper Foil 47.Then, by heat drying Copper Foil 47, just make single minus plate 8 thus.Find that in practice each coating 49 must be thicker than Copper Foil 47.After with positive plate 7 and minus plate 8 as above-mentioned interlaced arrangement, then a kind of electrolyte of dissolving is injected in the space between positive plate 7 and the minus plate 8.This electrolyte is by the liquid lithium perchlorate (LiClO of 1/3 weight
4), the liquid ethylene carbonate (HOCOOCH=CH of 1/3 weight
2) and the liquid carbon diethyl phthalate (CH of 1/3 weight
3CH
2OCOOCH
2CH
3).Described electrolyte (together with ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate) is about 5-10% of the weight (not comprising shell) of battery 10.To become solid after the electrolyte drying, shown in the label among Fig. 1 and 2 14.
For useful life and the capacity that makes the battery that the present invention makes reaches maximum, find in practice, after this battery 10 has just been made, should be under the temperature of the substantially constant (± 1%) more than 48 ℃, and carry out initial charge with 0.1C to 0.2C speed to the design capacity of single battery 10.The implication that is used in the symbol " C " in the battery design and the field of manufacturing can be understood from following table:
Table 1
| Battery capacity | Charge/discharge rates | Charge/discharge current |
| 100Ah (amp hr) | ?1C | ?100A |
| ?2C | ?200A | |
| ?5C | ?500A | |
| ?0.1C | ?10A | |
| ?0.2C | ?20A | |
| 200Ah | ?1C | ?200A |
| ?2C | ?400A | |
| ?5C | ?1000A | |
| ?0.1C | ?20A | |
| ?0.2C | ?40A |
Can directly be used in the electrocar as the above-mentioned battery that makes as power supply.After battery is just made, the speed quick charge greater than 3C of the setting capacity that it can battery 10.
Lithium perchlorate is used in the solid conduction base-material not only obviously reduced production cost, and increased the useful life of battery, and increased its high-temperature stability as electrolyte.Finding in practice, because this battery is nontoxic, also is harmless in environment even therefore it is taken apart and abandons.Cross 2000 times but its recharge and discharge, and capacity still keeps at least 75%.
The storage temperature of battery of the present invention can be-40 ℃ to 70 ℃, and its working temperature can be-20 ℃ to 60 ℃.Usually with the speed discharge of the 2C of the design capacity of single battery 10, but if necessary, the pulsed discharge of the 5C of design capacity that also can single battery 10.
Find that in practice the solid state battery that the present invention makes is simple and closely knit, nontoxic, high electric energy, can discharges and recharge with big electric current, can charge in the short period of time, long service life, and can charge repeatedly and discharge.
Since after for example chromium and fluorine mix with other component, LiMn
2O
4Crystal structure be and stable that even at high temperature reach under the situation through charging repeatedly and discharging, described crystal structure does not change yet.Even thus monocell 10 is charged to 5V, also be safe, its cost approximately is LiCoO
2Half of battery.The petroleum coke that grinds is also greatly reduced the production cost of this battery as raw material in the preparation negative electrode.
CrFLi solid state battery of the present invention not only can be used for the electric motor car and the battery-driven vehicles of other class, and also can be assembled into by serial or parallel connection have different-energy battery pack to satisfy other power supply needs, stand-by power supply as communication device, power station and control appliance, the power supply of electronic instrument, and for remote mountain area, outlying district and working site provide illumination, and as family expenses stand-by power supply in the future.
But recharge of the present invention and discharge CrFLi battery can be made into the battery of portable phone, used small size battery such as electronic notebook, computer, video tape recorder, camera, and the battery of family expenses high energy stand-by power supply.
Claims (4)
1, the method for a kind of rechargeable solid state battery of preparation, it comprises the steps:
(a) prepare at least one positive plate;
(b) prepare at least one minus plate;
(c) between described positive plate and minus plate, place a kind of electrolyte;
It is characterized in that: described battery carries out initial charge under the temperature more than 48 ℃.
2, the method for claim 1, it is further characterized in that: described battery carries out initial charge under substantially invariable temperature.
3, method as claimed in claim 2, it is further characterized in that: the temperature fluctuation range that described battery carries out initial charge be no more than its mean temperature ± 0.1%.
4, as the described method of one of claim 1-3, it is further characterized in that: described battery is carried out initial charge with the speed of the 0.1C to 0.2C of its design capacity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00120918A CN1319910A (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2000-08-01 | Rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00101356A CN1307376A (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2000-01-27 | Rechargeable solid Cr-F-Li accumulator |
| CN00101356.4 | 2000-01-27 | ||
| HK00104143A HK1033534A2 (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2000-07-05 | A rechargeable solid state chromium-fluorine-lithium electric battery |
| HK00104143.8 | 2000-07-05 | ||
| CN00120918A CN1319910A (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2000-08-01 | Rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium battery |
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| CN1319910A true CN1319910A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
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| CN00120918A Pending CN1319910A (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2000-08-01 | Rechargeable solid chromium-fluorine-lithium battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101238603B (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2010-12-15 | 波塔宁协会有限公司 | Method for producing a solid-state power supply |
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2000
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101238603B (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2010-12-15 | 波塔宁协会有限公司 | Method for producing a solid-state power supply |
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