CN1314563C - Steering mechanism for four-wheel vehicle - Google Patents
Steering mechanism for four-wheel vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1314563C CN1314563C CNB2004100523212A CN200410052321A CN1314563C CN 1314563 C CN1314563 C CN 1314563C CN B2004100523212 A CNB2004100523212 A CN B2004100523212A CN 200410052321 A CN200410052321 A CN 200410052321A CN 1314563 C CN1314563 C CN 1314563C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a steering mechanism for a four-wheel vehicle, which comprises a steering rod assembly, a steering connecting rod mechanism and a steering device, wherein the steering device is respectively connected with the steering rod assembly and the steering connecting rod mechanism, and the steering device comprises a wire coiling wheel, a steering device shaft, a steel cable and a pair of elastic connecting pieces; the steel cable is wound on the wire coiling wheel which is fixedly arranged on the steering device shaft, one end of each elastic connecting piece is connected with the steel cable, and the other end of the elastic connecting piece is hinged with the steering connecting rod mechanism. The present invention having the advantages of simple structure and easy processing can be matched with an elastic suspension rack, and the mounting position of a steering disk is not limited; since the steering device uses the elastic connecting piece, steering transmission with zero clearance can be realized, the oscillation of steering wheels can be avoided, and most road surface impact of a vehicle during running can be absorbed. The present invention can be widely used for miniature four-wheel bicycles, miniature four-wheel electric vehicles, miniature four-wheel boosting vehicles and other traffic tools for substituting walking, and is suitable for tricycles and miniature four-wheel prams having double front steering wheels or double back steering wheels.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the steering hardware of a kind of steering hardware, particularly a kind of four-wheeled.
[background technology]
The steering swivel system of four-wheeled is a complicated apparatus.In the prior art, truck conspicuity marking and mechanical type deflector reliable operation, manipulation light and flexible that Modern Car adopted, but the steering hardware complex structure and the heaviness of belt brake, general miniature quadricycle, miniature four-wheel electric motor car can not adopt; Though and the steering hardware of common four-wheel perambulator is simple, steering gap is big, and steering gear ratio is little, can only cooperate with the vehicle frame of non-resilient suspension and belt brake device not, so also unlikelyly use in the miniature four-wheel vehicle as traffic means of transport.Chinese patent 86207191 discloses a kind of four-wheeled steering hardware, and this device drives sprocket wheel by bearing circle, by chain, steel cable pulling connecting rod, makes wheel flutter center on bearing pin deflection and realizes Vehicular turn.This invention is owing to the axis of sheave shaft with bearing pin intersects mutually, pine when tight when steel cable is inevitable in turning to, little when big when causing steering gap, so may bring out wheel flutter and " shimmy " phenomenon occur, simultaneously, this invents not belt brake device, and therefore this steering hardware shortage turns to reliability and driving safety, so should not promote in the four-wheeled as traffic means of transport.
[summary of the invention]
For overcoming the shortcoming of prior art scheme, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, the no gap of realization steerage gear, can cooperate with resilient suspension, can effectively absorb road shocks, prevent that the four-wheeled steering hardware of " shimmy " phenomenon and belt brake device from appearring in wheel flutter from wheel.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of four-wheeled steering hardware comprises deflecting bar assembly, steering linkage and deflector.Described deflecting bar assembly comprises deflecting bar, deflecting bar sleeve pipe, deflecting bar registration arm, registration arm bearing and quick-release dead ring; The deflecting bar registration arm retreats and tiltedly is installed in the vehicle frame front portion, the deflecting bar sleeve pipe is hinged by registration arm bearing and deflecting bar registration arm, the deflecting bar that can slide up and down inserts the deflecting bar sleeve pipe and is fixed in by the quick-release dead ring on the appropriate location of deflecting bar sleeve pipe, and steering handwheel or handlebar are loaded on the deflecting bar top;
Described steering linkage comprises left and right stub, left and right main pin connecting block, left and right wheel flutter semiaxis, left and right tie rod arm, steering track rod and oscillating bearing; Each is affixed with the main pin connecting block of homonymy for left and right stub, the main pin connecting block outside, a left side and rear side are equipped with left steering wheel semiaxis and left tie rod arm respectively, the right main pin connecting block outside and rear side are equipped with right steering wheel semiaxis and right tie rod arm respectively, two ends, the steering track rod outside are hinged with left and right tie rod arm respectively by oscillating bearing, described left and right stub and vehicle frame are hinged, and be perhaps hinged with the stub fixing steel plate that is fixed in vehicle frame;
Described deflector comprises reel, steering column shaft and steel cable; Reel is installed in steering column shaft, and steel cable is wrapped on the reel, and its two ends are connected with steering linkage, and steering column shaft is connected with vehicle frame and deflecting bar sleeve pipe respectively;
Described deflector also comprises Flexible Connector; Flexible Connector comprises adapter sleeve, draw ring, drag hook and places the interior compression spring of adapter sleeve, the drag hook tail end passes circular hole in the middle of the adapter sleeve and compression spring and fixes with nut, draw ring is inner to be spirally connected with adapter sleeve, described Flexible Connector is a pair of, and the outer end of a pair of drag hook is affixed with the two ends of steel cable respectively; The outer end of a pair of draw ring is then respectively hinged with left and right tie rod arm; Perhaps, described steering linkage also comprise be loaded on left main pin connecting block front side, with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm, the outer end of a pair of draw ring is hinged with left tie rod arm, secondary tie rod arm respectively.
Flexible Connector can be done following improvement: 1, Flexible Connector comprises compression spring, drag hook, nut, U-shaped pull bar and a pair of balladeur train; Compression spring is clipped between a pair of balladeur train, and the drag hook tail end passes circular hole in the middle of a pair of balladeur train and compression spring and fixes with nut, and the U-shaped pull bar passes the circular hole of a pair of balladeur train both sides and fixes with nut; Described Flexible Connector is a pair of, and the outer end of a pair of drag hook is affixed with the two ends of steel cable respectively, and the U-shaped end of pair of U-shaped pull bar is then respectively hinged with left and right tie rod arm; Perhaps, described steering linkage also comprise be loaded on the main pin connecting block front side, with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm, the U-shaped end of pair of U-shaped pull bar is hinged with left tie rod arm, secondary tie rod arm respectively.
2, Flexible Connector comprises extension spring and limit for tonnage line, and the length of limit for tonnage line is than the distance 5-50mm between the hook of extension spring two ends; Described Flexible Connector is a pair of, and a pair of extension spring and limit for tonnage line one end are affixed with the steel cable two ends respectively, and each is hinged with left and right tie rod arm for the other end; Perhaps, described steering linkage also comprise be loaded on the main pin connecting block front side, with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm, each is hinged with left tie rod arm, secondary tie rod arm for a pair of extension spring and the limit for tonnage line other end.
The advantage of four-wheeled steering hardware of the present invention is: 1, simple in structure, easy processing;
2, can prevent that " shimmy " phenomenon from appearring in wheel flutter.Be connected by Flexible Connector between reel of the present invention and the tie rod arm, not only can realize not having the gap transmission in the Vehicular turn, and deflector can effectively absorb the road shocks from wheel flutter, prevents that " shimmy " phenomenon from appearring in wheel flutter, makes handling maneuver reliable, comfortable; The setting of Flexible Connector makes deflector can also and be with the vehicle frame of resilient suspension to cooperate;
3, the installation site of steering handwheel is unrestricted.Can adopt steel cable with well to be connected between deflecting bar sleeve pipe and the reel or between reel and the tie rod arm, thereby realize the soft transmission of handling maneuver, its transmission distance and driving angle are unrestricted, deflecting bar can be installed in the arbitrary position of vehicle frame, both front-wheel steering can be adopted, also rear-axle steering can be adopted;
4, belt brake device, it is safer to travel.The bicycle band-type brake can be installed on steering linkage of the present invention, the wheel flutter brake gears such as lock or disc brake that rise, cooperate the drive wheel brake gear, make vehicle ' safer.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a steering hardware overall structure transparent view of the present invention
Fig. 2 is for connecting shell type Flexible Connector and steering linkage coordinated scheme one scheme drawing
Fig. 3 is for connecting shell type Flexible Connector and steering linkage coordinated scheme two scheme drawings
Fig. 4 is for connecting shell type Flexible Connector scheme drawing
Fig. 5 is that U-shaped rod-pulling type Flexible Connector cooperates scheme drawing with steering linkage
Fig. 6 is a U-shaped rod-pulling type Flexible Connector transparent view
Fig. 7 is that extension spring formula Flexible Connector cooperates scheme drawing with steering linkage
Fig. 8 is an extension spring formula Flexible Connector scheme drawing
Fig. 9 is deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft direct connection scheme drawing
Figure 10 is that deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft pass through the universal coupling connection diagram
Figure 11 is that deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft pass through the conical gear connection diagram
Figure 12 is that deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft are by fan-shaped female cone gear connection diagram
Figure 13 is that deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft are by flexible belt band connection diagram
Figure 14 is that deflecting bar sleeve pipe and steering column shaft pass through band sleeve pipe steel cable connection diagram
Figure 15 is that reel and secondary tie rod arm pass through band sleeve pipe steel cable connection diagram
Figure 16 is for adopting the rear-axle steering scheme drawing
Figure 17 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention transparent view
Figure 18 connects for conical gear and is connected shell type Flexible Connector cooperation transparent view
Figure 19 is flexible belt band connection and is connected shell type Flexible Connector cooperation transparent view
Among the figure: vehicle frame 1 deflecting bar assembly 2 steering linkages 3
Deflector 6 Flexible Connectors 7 deflecting bars 21
Deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 deflecting bar registration arms 23 registration arm bearings 24
Quick-release dead ring 25 stubs 30,30 ' main pin connecting block 31,31 '
Belt stretching roller 44 conical gears 45,45 ' the fan-shaped female cone gear 46
Line wheel 47,47 ' reel 60 steering column shafts 61 steel cables 62
Steel cable sleeve pipe 63 casing supports 64 adapter sleeves 71 draw rings 72
Balladeur train 77,77 ' extension spring, 78 limit for tonnage lines, 79 axle sleeves 80
Band-type brake dish 81 contracting brake boxs 82 band-type brake circles 83 crank throws 84
Brake cable 85
[specific embodiment]
Preferred embodiment: present embodiment is miniature quadricycle steering hardware.Deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 in this device is connected by universal coupling 41 with steering column shaft 61, and the Flexible Connector 7 in the deflector 6 adopts and connects shell type.
As shown in Figure 1, the steering hardware of present embodiment comprises deflecting bar assembly 2, steering linkage 3 and deflector 6.Deflecting bar assembly 2 comprises deflecting bar 21, deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, deflecting bar registration arm 23, registration arm bearing 24 and quick-release dead ring 25; Deflecting bar registration arm 23 retreats and tiltedly is installed in vehicle frame 1 front portion, deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 is hinged by registration arm bearing 24 and deflecting bar registration arm 23, the deflecting bar 21 that can slide up and down inserts deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 and is fixed in by quick-release dead ring 25 on the appropriate location of deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, and steering handwheel or handlebar are loaded on deflecting bar 21 tops;
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 17, steering linkage 3 comprises stub 30,30 ', main pin connecting block 31,31 ', wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ', left and right tie rod arm 33,33 ', secondary tie rod arm 33A, steering track rod 34 and oscillating bearing 35; Be installed in stub 30,30 ' main pin connecting block 31, the 31 ' outside and rear side be equipped with respectively wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ' with left and right tie rod arm 33,33 ', steering track rod 34 two ends are hinged by oscillating bearing 35 and tie rod arm 33,33 ', secondary tie rod arm 33A is loaded on main pin connecting block 31 front sides, be symmetrical arranged with tie rod arm 33, stub 30,30 ' and upper and lower stub fixing steel plate 38,38 ' hinged with side by oscillating bearing, stub fixing steel plate 38,38 ' then laterally is installed in the anterior (see figure 1) of vehicle frame 1.
For meeting the divertical motion rule, stub 30,30 ' is when installation and processing, its axis upper end should be respectively to vehicle body rear side and inboard inclination, form 6 ° kingpin caster angle and 5 ° Kingpin inclination angle with vertical line, left and right wheel flutter semiaxis 32, the 32 ' outside should be downward-sloping, form 1 ° steering wheel camber with horizon, left and right tie rod arm 33,33 ' should form angle about 100 ° with the axis of steering track rod 34, make wheel flutter under steam only a rolling do not slide.
As shown in Figure 2, the deflector 6 of present embodiment comprises reel 60, steering column shaft 61, steel cable 62 and a pair of Flexible Connector 7,7.Steel cable 62 is wrapped on the reel 60 (steel cable 62 nexines and reel 60 winding that need fix, in case skid when turning to), reel 60 is installed in steering column shaft 61, and steering column shaft 61 lower ends and vehicle frame 1 are hinged, and the upper end is by universal coupling 41 and deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 join (seeing Figure 10, Figure 17).
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 4, Flexible Connector 7 comprises adapter sleeve 71, draw ring 72, drag hook 74 and places compression spring 73 in the adapter sleeve 71; Drag hook 74 tail ends pass circular hole and the spring 73 and fixing with nut 75 in the adapter sleeve 71, and the outer end of a pair of drag hook 74,74 is affixed with the two ends of steel cable 62 respectively; Draw ring 72,72 the inners are spirally connected with adapter sleeve 71,71, and each is hinged with tie rod arm 33 and secondary tie rod arm 33A in the outer end.
Present embodiment has been installed the wheel flutter brake gear, and this brake gear adopts bicycle band-type brake parts.As shown in figure 17, the band-type brake parts comprise band-type brake dish 81,81, contracting brake box 82,82, band-type brake circle 83,83 and crank throw 84,84; Left and right wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ' is by bearing and 80,80 loose joints of left and right axle sleeve, left and right axle sleeve 80,80 inboards are fixed with band-type brake dish 81,81, the contracting brake box 82,82 that cooperates, is with band-type brake circle 83,83 with band-type brake dish 81,81 is equipped with in left and right main pin connecting block 31, the 31 ' outside, and the crank throw 84 on the band-type brake circle 83,83 is connected with brake handle or service brake pedal by brake cable 85.
When needing to turn in the vehicle ', rotate steering handwheel, drive deflecting bar 21, deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, and drive steering column shafts 61 and reel 60 rotates to same direction by universal coupling 41, the steel cable 62 that is wrapped on the reel 60 promptly spurs tie rod arm 33 or secondary tie rod arm 33A, by steering linkage 3, making the wheel flutter that is installed on the left and right wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ' is that the axle center deflects with stub 30,30 ', and realizes Vehicular turn.
When needing to brake in the vehicle ', tension brake or step on the service brake pedal, by pulling brake cable 85 and crank throw 84, make band-type brake circle 83 tightly embrace band-type brake dish 81 and reach the brake purpose.
Because present embodiment has adopted Flexible Connector 7 to be connected between deflector 6 and steering linkage 3, make and to realize not having the flexible transmission in gap between steering handwheel and the wheel flutter, thereby can prevent that " shimmy " phenomenon from appearring in wheel flutter, improved the reliability that turns to, simultaneously, the road shocks major part that vehicle is subjected under steam can be absorbed by Flexible Connector 7, makes driving comfortable; And the setting of Flexible Connector 7 makes wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ' under the situation that adopts resilient suspension, still can realize not having the gap transmission between steering handwheel and the wheel flutter.
Except preferred embodiment, the composition of each several part of the present invention and method of attachment also have multiple improvement project, and the combination of these different schemes can be formed more embodiment.
One, deflecting bar assembly
Composition of deflecting bar assembly and attaching method thereof is disclosed in the preferred embodiment.The deflecting bar 21 that employing can be stretched up and down, cooperate the front and back of seat to regulate, purpose is to use and be convenient to stored collapsed for the crowd who adapts to all ages and classes, in other embodiments, deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 can not established, deflecting bar 21 is hinged with deflecting bar registration arm 23, and steering column shaft 61 directly is connected with deflecting bar 21, perhaps is connected with deflecting bar 21 by intermediary's attaching parts.
Two, steering linkage
Composition of steering linkage 3 and attaching method thereof is as described in the preferred embodiment.Steering linkage 3 mainly solves when wheel flutter turns to and meets the divertical motion rule, and wheel flutter only rolls and do not slide, turns to problems such as smooth-going in travelling.Therefore in processing with when this mechanism is installed, should guarantee to form suitable kingpin caster angle, Kingpin inclination angle, steering wheel camber and tie rod arm 33,33 ' and the trapezoidal angle formed of steering track rod 34.Except the parameter that preferred embodiment is given, in other embodiments, different according to pivoted wheels on vehicle wheelspan and front and back wheel wheelbase, kingpin caster angle and Kingpin inclination angle can be selected between 2 °-8 °, wheel flutter semiaxis 32,32 ' lateral angle can be selected between 0.5-1.5 °, tie rod arm 33,33 ' and the trapezoidal angle of each self-forming of axis of steering track rod 34 can between 96-104 °, select.
Preferred embodiment has added secondary tie rod arm 33A.The purpose that adds secondary tie rod arm 33A is to guarantee that steel cable 62 does not do to intersect transmission, thereby avoids producing movement interference under the steering handwheel prerequisite consistent with the rotation direction of wheel flutter.If do not establish secondary tie rod arm 33A, for avoiding movement interference, can establish a reel 60 (upper and lower settings) again, but not be ideal scheme after all.In addition, except secondary tie rod arm 33A is set, can also add secondary tie rod arm 33B, at this moment both symmetries are installed in main pin connecting block 31,31 ' inboard, shown in Figure 15,16, this programme is far away in deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 and tie rod arm 33,33 ' distance, reel 60 is directly installed on the deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, or adopts in the scheme of rear-axle steering and be suitable for.Adopt in the conical gear bonded assembly schemes at steering column shaft 61 and deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21, draw ring 72,72 outer ends can be directly and left and right tie rod arm 33,33 ' hinged (seeing Figure 18), and at this moment the rotation direction of steering handwheel and wheel flutter still is consistent.
Three, deflector
1, reel, steel cable and steering column shaft.Reel 60 described in the preferred embodiment can replace with sprocket wheel, and steel cable 62 can replace with chain, and chain cooperates with sprocket wheel, and being connected between chain and the Flexible Connector 7 can add joint.Sprocket-type deflector and the deflector of spiral formula do not have substantive difference, still belong to protection scope of the present invention, but its tooling cost are high slightly, install complicated.
Shown in Figure 15,16, if reel 60 and tie rod arm 33,33 ' distance are than far away or employing rear-axle steering, steel cable 62 must add steel cable sleeve pipe 63, steel cable sleeve pipe 63 can be by being installed in casing support 64 location and installation on the vehicle frame 1, can also add governing screw on the casing support 64, to regulate the elasticity (not shown) of steel cable 62.
2, Flexible Connector.Flexible Connector 7 is inventive points of the present invention.Spiral formula steering hardware of the prior art is relatively simple for structure, only be made up of reel 61 and steel cable 62, this steering hardware steering gap is big, and it is unreliable to turn to, and might bring out wheel flutter appearance " shimmy " phenomenon, the present invention solves by adding Flexible Connector 7 for this reason.Except that the described connection shell type of preferred embodiment Flexible Connector 7, can also adopt following two kinds of schemes:
(1) U-shaped rod-pulling type: as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, U-shaped rod-pulling type Flexible Connector 7 comprises compression spring 73, drag hook 74, nut 75, U-shaped pull bar 76 and balladeur train 77,77 '; Compression spring 73 is clipped between the balladeur train 77,77 ', and U-shaped rod-pulling type Flexible Connector 7 is a pair of, and drag hook 74,74 tail ends pass the circular hole and the compression spring 73 and fixing with nut 75 at balladeur train 77,77 ' middle part, and its outer end is affixed with the two ends of steel cable 62 respectively; U-shaped pull bar 76,76 passes the circular hole of balladeur train 77 ', 77 both sides and fixes with nut 75, each is hinged with tie rod arm 33 and secondary tie rod arm 33A for its U-shaped end, or it is hinged (as previously mentioned with tie rod arm 33,33 ', the purpose that adds secondary tie rod arm 33A is consistent with the rotation direction of wheel flutter in order to guarantee steering handwheel, therefore, whether secondary tie rod arm 33A is set, how the U-shaped end of U-shaped pull bar 76,76 is connected with tie rod arm, the connection mode that generally depends on steering column shaft and deflecting bar sleeve pipe or deflecting bar, down together).In addition, in certain embodiments, the hook end of drag hook 74 also can be made circular, and steel cable 62 is fixed on it by the tight rope screw, as Figure 12.
(2) extension spring formula: as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, extension spring formula Flexible Connector 7 comprises extension spring 78 and limit for tonnage line 79.The purpose that extension spring 78 installs limit for tonnage line 79 additional is in order to prevent that spring lost efficacy because of the overload distortion.Therefore, the length of limit for tonnage line 79 should be a bit larger tham the distance between the hook of extension spring 78 two ends, and according to the length of steering track rod 34, this length can add between the 5-50mm in hook two ends distance and select; Extension spring 78 is hinged with steel cable 62 two ends and tie rod arm 33,33 ' respectively with the two ends of limit for tonnage line 79, or hinged with tie rod arm 33 and secondary tie rod arm 33A.
Four, steering column shaft and deflecting bar sleeve pipe or deflecting bar is connected
On address, deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 can not established, steering column shaft 61 can with deflecting bar 21 direct connections, perhaps be connected with deflecting bar 21 by intermediary's attaching parts.In a preferred embodiment, adopt universal coupling 41 to connect between deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 and the steering column shaft 61, this connection mode is simple in structure, reliable transmission, drive gap are little, but the axis angle that only is applicable to deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 and steering column shaft 61 is greater than in 140 ° the technical scheme.Except connecting, also have following several schemes available by universal coupling 41:
1, direct connection: as shown in Figure 9, steering column shaft 61 lower ends and vehicle frame 1 are hinged, the upper end directly and deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21 affixed.Direct connection is simple in structure, and steering column shaft 61 can be economized and establish, and reel 60 directly is installed in deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, under the situation of not establishing deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22, it directly can also be installed in deflecting bar 21.
Simple and reliable, the easy installation and processing of direct connection, but can not change the driving angle of deflecting bar 21 and steering column shaft 61, the installation site of steering handwheel is very limited, so be only applicable among steering column shaft 61 and the approaching minority embodiment that overlaps of deflecting bar 21 axis.
2, conical gear connects: as Figure 11, shown in Figure 180, steering column shaft 61 two ends and vehicle frame 1 are hinged, its middle part is fixed with conical gear 45, and conical gear 45 ' is equipped with in deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21 lower ends, and conical gear 45 ' is meshing with each other with conical gear 45; As shown in figure 12, conical gear 45 also can change into and adopt fan-shaped female cone gear 46, and conical gear 45 ' is meshing with each other with fan-shaped female cone gear 46.
Conical gear connects reliable operation, be applicable to any big or small angle of deflecting bar 21 and steering column shaft 61 axis, and can obtain suitable steering gear ratio, but the conical gear tooling cost is high slightly, and setting accuracy is had relatively high expectations.
3, flexible belt band connects: as Figure 13, shown in Figure 19, steering column shaft 61 two ends and vehicle frame 1 are hinged, and its middle part is fixed with belt wheel 42, and belt wheel 42 ' is equipped with in deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21 lower ends, are with 43 connections by flexible going in ring between the belt wheel 42,42 '; Flexible going in ring is with 43 can be V-belt or circular band, can install belt stretching roller 44 additional between the belt wheel, is expendable weight, and belt wheel can be made with engineering plastics.
Flexible belt band connection structure is simple, because it has elasticity, partly impacts from ground-surface so can absorb vehicle, the installation site limitation of steering handwheel is less, but flexible going in ring influences the reliability that turns to 43 easy to wear skidding, so belt stretching roller 44 needs often to adjust even change.
4, band sleeve pipe steel cable connects: as shown in figure 14, steering column shaft 61 two ends and vehicle frame 1 are hinged, its middle part is fixed with line wheel 47, line wheel 47 ' is equipped with in deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21 lower ends, line wheel 47, steel cable 62 by band steel cable sleeve pipe 63 between 47 ' connects, steel cable 62 twines respectively onlinely takes turns 47,47 ' is upward also end to end, for preventing that steel cable 62 from skidding, steel cable 62 nexines can take turns 47 with line, 47 ' the winding that fixes, steel cable sleeve pipe 63 two ends are by being installed in casing support 64 location on the vehicle frame 1, and the elasticity of steel cable 62 can be regulated (not shown) by the governing screw of being located on the casing support 64.
Band sleeve pipe steel cable connection structure is simple, and cost is low, reliable operation, and the installation site of steering handwheel is unrestricted, and the elasticity of steel cable 62 can be regulated, even can adopt rear-axle steering (as Figure 16), also is a kind of embodiment preferably.
Above-described 5 kinds of connection modes (universal coupling that adds preferred embodiment connects) cooperate with 3 kinds of technical schemes of Flexible Connector (adding the described shell type that is connected of preferred embodiment) respectively, can form 15 kinds of embodiments altogether, every kind of embodiment has length, the needs of visual product development are selected, and will not describe in detail at this.
Some explanation: 1, the present invention is not only applicable to four-wheeled, and is applicable to three-wheel vehicle and perambulator that double front wheel or double rear wheel turn to, is not only applicable to the front-wheel steering of four-wheeled, and is applicable to the rear-axle steering of four-wheeled;
2, the wheel flutter brake gear in the preferred embodiment adopts the bicycle band-type brake, also can adopt bicycle expansion brake or disc brake in addition;
3, for meeting driving habit, steering column shaft 61 is connected regardless of which kind of method of employing with deflecting bar sleeve pipe 22 or deflecting bar 21, and the rotation direction of steering handwheel and wheel flutter must be consistent.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of four-wheeled steering hardware comprises deflecting bar assembly (2), steering linkage (3) and deflector (6);
Described deflecting bar assembly (2) comprises deflecting bar (21), deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22), deflecting bar registration arm (23), registration arm bearing (24) and quick-release dead ring (25); Deflecting bar registration arm (23) retreats and tiltedly is installed in the front portion of vehicle frame (1), deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) is hinged by registration arm bearing (24) and deflecting bar registration arm (23), the deflecting bar (21) that can slide up and down inserts deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) and is fixed on the appropriate location of deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) by quick-release dead ring (25), and steering handwheel or handlebar are loaded on deflecting bar (21) top;
Described steering linkage (3) comprises left and right stub (30,30 '), left and right main pin connecting block (31,31 '), left and right wheel flutter semiaxis (32,32 '), left and right tie rod arm (33,33 '), steering track rod (34) and oscillating bearing (35); Each is affixed with the main pin connecting block of homonymy for left and right stub (30,30 '), left side main pin connecting block (31) outside and rear side are equipped with left steering wheel semiaxis (32) and left tie rod arm (33), right main pin connecting block (the 31 ') outside and rear side are equipped with right steering wheel semiaxis (32 ') and right tie rod arm (33 '), two ends, steering track rod (34) outside are hinged with left and right tie rod arm (33,33 ') respectively by oscillating bearing (35), described left and right stub (30,30 ') is hinged, perhaps hinged with the stub fixing steel plate (38,38 ') that is fixed in vehicle frame (1) with vehicle frame (1);
Described deflector (6) comprises reel (60), steering column shaft (61) and steel cable (62); Reel (60) is installed in steering column shaft (61), and steel cable (62) is wrapped on the reel (60), and its two ends are connected with steering linkage (3), and steering column shaft (61) is connected with vehicle frame (1) and deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) respectively;
It is characterized in that: described deflector (6) comprises Flexible Connector (7), and described steel cable (62) is connected with steering linkage (3) by Flexible Connector (7).
2, steering hardware according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Flexible Connector (7) comprises adapter sleeve (71), draw ring (72), drag hook (74) and places the interior compression spring (73) of adapter sleeve (71); Drag hook (74) tail end passes circular hole and the compression spring (73) and fixing with nut (75) in the middle of the adapter sleeve (71), and draw ring (72) is inner to be spirally connected with adapter sleeve (71); Described Flexible Connector (7) is a pair of, and a pair of drag hook (74,74) outer end is affixed with the two ends of steel cable (62) respectively, and each is hinged with left and right tie rod arm (33,33 ') in a pair of draw ring (72,72) outer end; Perhaps, described steering linkage (3) comprises also and is loaded on main pin connecting block (31) front side that with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm (33) (33A), (33A) is hinged with left tie rod arm (33), secondary tie rod arm respectively in the outer end of draw ring (72,72).
3, steering hardware according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Flexible Connector (7) comprises compression spring (73), drag hook (74), nut (75), U-shaped pull bar (76) and a pair of balladeur train (77,77 '); Compression spring (73) is clipped between a pair of balladeur train (77,77 '), drag hook (74) tail end passes circular hole and the compression spring (73) and fixing with nut (75) in the middle of a pair of balladeur train (77,77 '), and it is also fixing with nut (75) that U-shaped pull bar (76) passes the circular hole of a pair of balladeur train (77 ', 77) both sides; Described Flexible Connector (7) is a pair of, and drag hook (74,74) outer end is affixed with the two ends of steel cable (62) respectively, and each is hinged with left and right tie rod arm (33,33 ') for the U-shaped end of U-shaped pull bar (76,76); Perhaps, described steering linkage (3) also comprises and is loaded on main pin connecting block (31) front side, with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm (33) (33A), (33A) is hinged with left tie rod arm (33), secondary tie rod arm respectively for the U-shaped end of U-shaped pull bar (76,76).
4, steering hardware according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Flexible Connector (7) comprises extension spring (78) and limit for tonnage line (79), and the length of limit for tonnage line (79) is than the distance 5-50mm between the hook of extension spring (78) two ends; Described Flexible Connector (7) is a pair of, and an extension spring (78,78) and limit for tonnage line (79, a 79) end are affixed with steel cable (62) two ends respectively, and each is hinged with left and right tie rod arm (33,33 ') for the other end; Perhaps, described steering linkage (3) also comprises and is loaded on main pin connecting block (31) front side, with the symmetrically arranged secondary tie rod arm of left tie rod arm (33) (33A), respectively (33A) is hinged with left tie rod arm (33), secondary tie rod arm for the extension spring (78,78) and limit for tonnage line (79, the 79) other end.
5, according to the described steering hardware of arbitrary claim among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: described steering column shaft (61) lower end and vehicle frame (1) are hinged, the upper end is affixed with deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22), perhaps is connected with deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) by universal coupling (41).
6, according to the described steering hardware of arbitrary claim among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: described steering column shaft (61) two ends and vehicle frame (1) are hinged, its middle part is fixed with outer cone gear (45) or fan-shaped female cone gear (46), another outer cone gear (45 ') is equipped with in described deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) lower end, and described another outer cone gear (45 ') is meshing with each other with outer cone gear (45) or fan-shaped female cone gear (46).
7, according to the described steering hardware of arbitrary claim among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: described steering column shaft (61) two ends and vehicle frame (1) are hinged, steering column shaft (61) middle part is fixed with belt wheel (42), described deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) lower end is fixed with belt wheel (42 '), connects by flexible belt band (43) between two belt wheels (42,42 ').
8, according to the described steering hardware of arbitrary claim among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: described steering column shaft (61) two ends and vehicle frame (1) are hinged, steering column shaft (61) middle part installs wired wheel the (47), described deflecting bar sleeve pipe (22) lower end installs wired the wheel (47 '), by twining on it and the connection of the steel cable (62) of band steel cable sleeve pipe (63), steel cable sleeve pipe (63) is by being installed in casing support (64) location on the vehicle frame (1) between two line wheels (47,47 ').
9, steering hardware according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described left and right wheel flutter semiaxis (32,32 ') is equipped with left and right axle sleeve (80,80) by bearing, inboard each symmetry of left and right axle sleeve (80,80) is fixed with band-type brake dish (81), each symmetry of left and right main pin connecting block (31, the 31 ') outside is equipped with the contracting brake box (82) that cooperates, is with band-type brake circle (83) with band-type brake dish (81), and the crank throw (84) on the band-type brake circle (83,83) is connected with brake handle or service brake pedal by brake cable (85).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100523212A CN1314563C (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Steering mechanism for four-wheel vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100523212A CN1314563C (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Steering mechanism for four-wheel vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1608918A CN1608918A (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| CN1314563C true CN1314563C (en) | 2007-05-09 |
Family
ID=34764142
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100523212A Expired - Fee Related CN1314563C (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Steering mechanism for four-wheel vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1314563C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106143605B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2019-11-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Wheel steering mechanism, wheel steering system and vehicle |
| DE102017204853A1 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-05-30 | Hans-Jürgen Schulze | Multilane motor vehicle |
| CN106892040B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2022-07-01 | 李元 | YL structure reverse tricycle |
| CN106945504A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-07-14 | 安徽工程大学 | Four-wheel drive electric cross-country vehicle |
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| US4646867A (en) * | 1984-10-27 | 1987-03-03 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel steering system for vehicle |
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| CN2046103U (en) * | 1988-03-22 | 1989-10-18 | 胡文元 | Push and pull stepping bicycle by using hands and feet |
| CN2300571Y (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 1998-12-16 | 刘永和 | Four-wheel driven man power cycle |
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| CN2419143Y (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2001-02-14 | 张向阳 | Miniature bicycle car |
| CN2424096Y (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-03-21 | 张向阳 | Super-mini-sized self-running sedan |
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- 2004-11-23 CN CNB2004100523212A patent/CN1314563C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4313511A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-02-02 | Soo Hoo Wayne J | Land vehicle |
| US4646867A (en) * | 1984-10-27 | 1987-03-03 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel steering system for vehicle |
| CN86207191U (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1988-04-20 | 康同仁 | Four-wheeled cycle |
| CN2046103U (en) * | 1988-03-22 | 1989-10-18 | 胡文元 | Push and pull stepping bicycle by using hands and feet |
| CN2300571Y (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 1998-12-16 | 刘永和 | Four-wheel driven man power cycle |
| JPH10338047A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-22 | Kubota Corp | Four-wheel drive type work vehicle |
| CN2381566Y (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2000-06-07 | 戴路 | Reciprocal four wheel child vehicle |
| CN2419143Y (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2001-02-14 | 张向阳 | Miniature bicycle car |
| CN2424096Y (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-03-21 | 张向阳 | Super-mini-sized self-running sedan |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1608918A (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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Effective date of registration: 20090508 Address after: Room C107, 89 West Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, China Patentee after: Guangzhou lantun Electric Technology Development Co. Ltd. Address before: School of politics and law, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Patentee before: Zhang Xiangyang |
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