CN1311441A - Method for testing earthing resistance - Google Patents

Method for testing earthing resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1311441A
CN1311441A CN 00136971 CN00136971A CN1311441A CN 1311441 A CN1311441 A CN 1311441A CN 00136971 CN00136971 CN 00136971 CN 00136971 A CN00136971 A CN 00136971A CN 1311441 A CN1311441 A CN 1311441A
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stack
current transformer
current
frequency
voltage
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CN1163758C (en
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各务末次
桑原延行
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UNIVERSAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT CO Ltd
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UNIVERSAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT CO Ltd
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Abstract

This invention measure a grounding resistance without stopping power supply. A superimposing current transformer 14 for superimposing an alternating voltage and a current value detecting current transformer 7 are inserted and arranged in a measuring object grounding conductor, and a frequency-variable alternating voltage is superimposed on the grounding conductor by a superimposing current transformer 14, and a current value in the case the frequency of the alternating voltage is changed in a prescribed range is detected by the current value detecting current transformer 7, and a quotient obtained by dividing the superimposed alternating voltage value by the detected current value is determined, and its minimum value is used as the grounding resistance value.

Description

The method of testing of stake resistance
The present invention relates to a kind of under the state of not stopping power supply the method for instrumentation grounding resistance.
The test philosophy of representational stake resistance before Fig. 1, Fig. 2 represent.As shown in the figure, it is that ground-electrode E is untied from the transformer termination, test current with auxiliary electrode C, voltage with auxiliary electrode P be embedded in the earth, by the potential image of Fig. 2 visibly, make potential difference (PD) become flat point will to separate more than the 10m between electrode E, the C and the voltage e between test electrode E, the P like that X, test flows into the current i that C is ordered, and uses formula e X/ i=R obtains grounding resistance.
With the method before this, ground wire must be untied from ground-electrode, and 2 auxiliary electrodes must be embedded in the earth during test.Must stop power supply when therefore testing.In case but situation in recent years is to stop power supply, the machine that goes wrong is many especially, the time restriction that is subjected to mostly testing, operation is had obstruction, and it is also many to very important degree that auxiliary electrode is imbedded the time that operation consumes.
And, about be electrically connected between the sort of frame 2 machines, to form equipotential equipotential in conjunction with conductor, still do not have a kind of measuring method can be to 2 machine frames whether really in conjunction with making instrumentation.
The present invention makes for the problem that solves above-mentioned prior art existence, its objective is the method for testing that a kind of stake resistance is provided, and it is not stop power supply, just the method for energy instrumentation stake resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention makes following technical scheme:
The method of testing of stake resistance, be that the stack of the alternating voltage that is used to superpose is configured in ground wire as tested object with current transformer and current detecting with current transformer with sandwiching, the alternating voltage of changeable frequency is added on the ground wire with current transformer by stack, in specialized range, change the frequency of superimposed voltage, taking-up is by the frequency content that is applied in the electric current of above-mentioned detection with the current transformer detection, obtain the merchant who removes above-mentioned stack alternating voltage gained with this current value, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
The method of testing of the stake resistance of the present invention of making in order to achieve the above object is in series the alternating voltage of changeable frequency to be applied on the ground wire at earth resistance position, and above-mentioned test position is by ground connection; Change frequency in specialized range, obtain with the current value that at this moment flows through ground wire and remove the merchant that above-mentioned stack ac voltage obtains, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
The method of testing of the stake resistance of the present invention of making in order to achieve the above object, be in 3 circuitry phases, stack current transformer and current detecting current transformer 3 congruences are total, configuration stack alternating voltage with sandwiching, by the stack current transformer, the alternating voltage of stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, be applied frequency content in the electric current that taking-up is detected with current transformer by above-mentioned detection, obtain with this current value and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
The method of testing of the stake resistance of the present invention of making in order to achieve the above object, be in above-mentioned any described method of testing, the variation of frequency is got into pace of change certain, to keeping removing the holding circuit of the merchant's who superposes ac voltage and obtain minimum value with current value, current transformer is provided with time constant, is not subjected to the circuit state of insulation to test the B kind grounding resistance of transformer with influencing.
The method of testing of the stake resistance of the present invention of making in order to achieve the above object, be with ground wire or A at lightning rod, C, in the D ground wire, the ground connection that connects each ground wire and B ground wire and even circuit with the clamp circuit of band lead-in wire mutually, the stack of stack alternating voltage is configured on this lead-in wire with current transformer with current transformer and current value detection with sandwiching, by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, obtain with above-mentioned detection and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage with the detection current value that current transformer detects, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
The method of testing of the stake resistance of the present invention of making in order to achieve the above object, be will be between the frame of 2 machines to connect and form equipotential in conjunction with conductor, stack is configured in equipotential in conjunction with on the conductor with current transformer and current value detection with current transformer with sandwiching, by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, by the electric current that above-mentioned detection detect to be flowed with current transformer, this electric current causes mobile by the resonant frequency that frame and the electrostatic capacitance between live wire, circuit inductance and the electrostatic capacitance of machine forms; Obtain with above-mentioned detection current value and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with its minimum value as the resistance value of equipotential combination.The present invention has excellent results:
As mentioned above, with sandwiching be configured in tested object ground wire on the detection of current transformer and current value with current transformer because the present invention is the stack with the stack alternating voltage, the alternating voltage of changeable frequency is added on the ground wire with current transformer by stack, in specialized range, change the frequency of superimposed voltage, the frequency content that is applied in the electric current that taking-up is detected with current transformer by above-mentioned detection, obtain with this current value and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with its minimum value as grounding resistance, thereby needn't stop power supply in order to test stake resistance as before, do not implemented the restriction of time yet, can be carried out operation effectively.
Owing to auxiliary electrode need not be set, thereby can reduce the number of working processes number.
Perhaps can the terminal of ground wire be untied, voltage is added also passable thereon according to situation.At this moment, compared, can save the time that is used for auxiliary electrode ground connection with former method.
The present invention also can relative 3 circuitry phases, carrying out 3 gathers and method of clamping in addition mutually, also be, at lightning rod with ground wire or A, C, in the D ground wire, with the clamp circuit of band lead-in wire connect each ground wire with the B ground wire so that the ground connection of circuit mutually, be configured on the above-mentioned lead-in wire with current transformer and current detecting with current transformer the stack of stack alternating voltage with sandwiching, can determine resonant frequency by circuit inductance that influenced by B kind grounding resistance and distribution electrostatic capacitance thus, and this resonant frequency can be used for the instrumentation lightning rod with ground wire or A, C, the independent resistance value of D ground wire can be carried out operation effectively.
Utilize the inventive method of test stake resistance, can the instrumentation equipotential in conjunction with the resistance value of conductor, can confirm state of insulation effectively, in conjunction with the contact condition of conductor and machine.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention.
Alternating circuit is that the mode with distributed constant circuit constitutes between the earth and circuit.This distributed constant circuit has resonant frequency, is very little value with respect to the impedance of this resonant frequency, circuit.And, circuit is made of common the 2nd kind of ground wire (B kind ground connection), transformer, circuit and load machine.The load machine is that its frame is taken as the 3rd kind of ground wire (D kind ground connection), many machines are being connected side by side.From the angle of equivalence, the machine frame has become electrostatic capacitance and the state that insulation resistance is connected side by side with respect to circuit, for circuit, load machine inductance and the earth, answers the vicissitudinous value of circuit length electrostatic capacitance.
When make the certain alternating voltage of voltage be added on the ground wire as zero circuitry phase, when its frequency is changed, entire circuit just resonates with characteristic frequency, causes that by this resonance mobile current i is similar to the value of removing superimposed voltage V gained with grounding resistance.
The present invention is the earth resistance method of utilization above-mentioned theory, and the main points of earth resistance method of the present invention are with current transformer ground wire to be added that Automatic Frequency ground changes to the signal of 300kHz degree from about 1kHz by stack; Detect the current value that flows through ground wire with the current transformer detection by current value, remove the merchant of magnitude of voltage gained as grounding resistance with this current value.Also voltage can be kept changing frequency under certain situation, detect the current value that flows through on the ground wire, keep its peak value, with this maximal value except that magnitude of voltage, with the merchant of gained as grounding resistance.
Superimposed voltage also can be used well-known clamp circuit type current transformer stack, and too, also available clamp circuit type current transformer sandwiches this on ground wire of tested object when detecting electric current.
Converter can be made with the voltage stack and use the different shape of current transformer also passable with current transformer and current detecting, two current transformers of perhaps packing in one are also passable.Test result can be shown with various displays.
Also not superimposed voltage, ground wire is untied from terminal, voltage is added between terminal and the ground wire, detect the electric current flow through here.In this case, compared, can save time auxiliary electrode ground connection with former method.
In circuit, with the method for test Zero-phase current in the same manner, with clamp circuit type current transformer, with 3 congruences of 3 circuitry phases total and superimposed voltage, just can test stake resistance by detecting electric current.
Also the pace of change of frequency change can be got necessarily, the holding circuit that is kept in the minimum value of current value being removed the merchant of the ac voltage gained that superposes is provided with time constant, is not subjected to the circuit state of insulation to test the B kind grounding resistance of transformer with influencing.
The ground wire or the A that use at lightning rod, C, in the D ground wire, clamp circuit with the band lead-in wire makes each ground wire and B ground wire, so that the ground connection of circuit is connected, the stack of stack alternating voltage is configured on this lead-in wire with current transformer with current transformer and current value detection with sandwiching, by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, obtain the merchant who removes above-mentioned stack ac voltage gained by above-mentioned detection with the detected current value of current transformer, with its minimum value as grounding resistance, thus, the available resonant frequency instrumentation lightning rod that is not subjected to circuit inductance that B kind grounding resistance influences and the decision of distribution electrostatic capacitance is with ground wire or A, C, the independent resistance value of D ground wire.
Can utilize the method for above-mentioned instrumentation stake resistance, stack is configured in current transformer with the detection of current transformer and current value with sandwiching is connected between frame and constitutes equipotential in conjunction with on the conductor with 2 machines, certain by stack with the current transformer superimposed voltage, and the alternating voltage of changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, by above-mentioned the detection frame of current transformer detection machine and the electrostatic capacitance between the live wire, detect the resonant frequency that forms by circuit inductance and electrostatic capacitance by above-mentioned detection with current transformer and cause mobile electric current, obtain with detecting electric current and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, its minimum value is used as equipotential in conjunction with resistance value.
Following with reference to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention in detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of general grounding resistance method of testing.
Fig. 2 is the potential image in the said method.
Fig. 3 is the block scheme of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is equivalent circuit figure embodiment illustrated in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the block scheme of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a block scheme of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the equivalent circuit figure of Fig. 6.
(A) of Fig. 8, (B) are the block schemes of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the block scheme of the embodiment of the invention.
(embodiment)
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing the embodiment that voltage is kept carrying out under the stable condition instrumentation of the present invention is described.Fig. 3 is the block scheme with the corresponding embodiment of the 3rd technical scheme, the 1st, and flip-flop circuit, the 2nd, single-shot trigger circuit, the 3rd, integrating circuit, the 4th, V/F frequency converter, the 5th, wave filter, the 6th, amplifier, the 7th, current detecting is with current transformer, the 8th, wave filter, the 9th, sync detection circuit, the 10th, peak holding circuit, the 11st, computing circuit, the 12nd, display part, the 13rd, switch, the 14th, voltage stack current transformer.And, A is that current circuit, B are that power transformer primary side, C are machine, R BBe stake resistance, the R of the power transformer primary side that will test DBe the stake resistance of machine, in this figure, test the stake resistance R of transformer secondary B, current detecting is clipped on the ground wire 20 with current transformer 14 with the stack of current transformer 7, voltage.
In having the present embodiment circuit of this spline structure, when connecting switch 13, flop-over circuit 1 is worked, and opens the door of peak holding circuit 10.Produce 1 square wave with monostable multiplex circuit 1, make the relative time axle with integrating circuit 3, the waveform that voltage is started from scratch and risen changes frequency with this voltage, V/F frequency converter according to input voltage.Amplify the electric current of this frequency change with amplifier 6 amplification, with current transformer 14 voltage V is added on the ground wire 20 with stack.
Detect the current i that on ground wire, flows by current detecting with current transformer 7, the power frequency composition is filtered, detect the frequency content and the same phase constituent of stack by sync detection circuit 9 with wave filter 8.Keep this peak value by peak holding circuit 10.Obtain V/i by computing circuit 11, with it as grounding resistance and be presented on the display part 12.
Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit of the major part of foregoing circuit, and L is a circuit inductance, and r is the direct current resistance of circuit, C 0, C 1, C is respectively the distributed constant of the electrostatic capacitance of circuit.
The frequency of superimposed voltage is got into f, under the frequency situation of resonant frequency f= π (LC) , because common R B" r, thereby V/i=R B
Though in the above-described embodiments, in order to test stake resistance R B, current detecting sandwiched ground wire 20 with the stack of current transformer 7, voltage with current transformer 14 and test, but testing stake resistance R DThe time, also current detecting can be sandwiched ground wire 30 with current transformer 7, voltage stack with current transformer 14 and test just passable.
The expression example that carries out actual test with above-mentioned method of the present invention below.Fig. 5 is the circuit of embodiment, the circuit that its selection equipment is more outmoded, have the defective insulation position, and in 3 circuitry phases and single-phase circuit, test respectively.Stake resistance R BIf the method for testing before adopting is 2.5 Ω, and if adopt the method for the present invention of the clamp circuit formula in 3 circuitry phases, then be 2.7 Ω; If adopt the method for the present invention of the clamp circuit formula in single-phase circuit, then become 2.9 Ω, numeric ratio is big slightly with former method gained, and circuitous resistance becomes the rising value that adds certain value, approaches true value.And the frequency of superimposed voltage is 40kHz on 3 circuitry phases; And be 50kHz in single-phase circuit, current value shows maximum.
Fig. 8 is the major part square frame legend corresponding to the present invention's the 2nd technical scheme.In the present invention, as the stake resistance R that tests the power transformer primary side shown in Fig. 8 (A) BThe time, untie the ground terminal T of power transformer primary side B, shown in Fig. 8 (B), alternating voltage voltage is certain, changeable frequency is added on the two ends of untiing, and when in specialized range, changing frequency, the current maxima of ground wire is at this moment flow through in detection, and it is kept, obtain with the merchant of this maintained lowest high-current value except that above-mentioned certain stack ac voltage, with it as grounding resistance.Voltage is not being got under certain situation, is being obtained, obtaining its minimum value with detecting the merchant that current value removes above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with it as grounding resistance.If adopt these methods, compared, can save the time that is used to be provided with auxiliary electrode with former method.
Fig. 9 is the major part square frame legend corresponding to the present invention's the 3rd technical scheme.In the present invention, it is total that 3 circuitry phase A have been carried out 3 congruences, and sandwich the configuration current detecting with the stack of current transformer 7 and voltage with current transformer 14, it is certain to apply voltage by the voltage stack with current transformer 14, the alternating voltage of changeable frequency, detect the electric current that flows through ground wire by current detecting with current transformer 7, changing voltage in specialized range superposes when using the stack frequency of current transformer 14, detect the current maxima that at this moment flows through ground wire, and with its maintenance, obtain the merchant who removes above-mentioned certain stack ac voltage gained with the lowest high-current value of this maintenance, with it as grounding resistance.
Though omitted and corresponding circuit block diagram of the present invention's the 5th technical scheme etc., but if adopt the present invention, then can be at lightning rod with ground wire or A, C, in the D ground wire, connect each ground wire and B ground wire mutually with the clamp circuit of band lead-in wire down to the ground connection of circuit, the stack of stack alternating voltage is gone out current transformer with current transformer and current detecting to be configured on this goes between with sandwiching, the stack stack is by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer current transformer stack changeable frequency, and in specialized range, change frequency, obtain by the detected detection current value of above-mentioned detection current transformer and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, obtain its minimum value, with it as grounding resistance, like this, can determine resonant frequency by circuit inductance that influenced by B kind grounding resistance and distribution electrostatic capacitance, and instrumentation lightning rod ground wire or A thus, C, the independent resistance value of D kind ground wire.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment corresponding to the present invention's the 6th technical scheme, is the resistance value of the local equipotential combination of the non-ground connection of test.As shown in the figure, to connecting equipotential between the two the frame of the 1st machine 41 and the 2nd machine 42 in conjunction with conductor 40; Sandwich the device 43 that built-in stack detects current transformer and test, but shown in the equivalent circuit of Fig. 7, when changing frequency f, resonance point is arranged, current i at this moment is by the resistance value r and the resistance value R sum decision that combines conductor of circuit, energy instrumentation equipotential state.Also can confirm state of insulation, equipotential contact condition by the frequency that obtains current peak in conjunction with conductor and machine.
The present invention has excellent results:
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, with stack current transformer and the electricity of stack alternating voltage Flow valuve detects and is configured on the tested object earth connection with current transformer with sandwiching, and the stack stack is by folded Add with the current transformer current transformer alternating voltage of changeable frequency is added on the earth connection, in regulation Change the frequency of superimposed voltage in the scope, stack is taken out by above-mentioned detection current transformer current transformer The frequency content that is applied in the electric current that detects is obtained with this current value and is handed over except above-mentioned stack Stream magnitude of voltage resulting merchant as grounding resistance, thereby needn't look like its minimum of a value Stopped power supply in order to test earth resistance like that in the past, also do not implemented the restriction of time, Can effectively carry out operation.
Owing to auxiliary electrode need not be set, thereby can reduce the number of working processes number.
Perhaps can according to circumstances the terminal of earth connection be untied, voltage is added thereon also can With. At this moment, compared with former method, can save for the worker with auxiliary electrode ground connection The husband.
The present invention also can use 3 circuitry phases, carry out always and the in addition method of clamp of 3 congruences, Perhaps, lightning rod with earth connection or A, C, D earth connection in, with the clamp electricity of band lead-in wire The road connects each earth connection and B earth connection so that the Earth Phase of circuit, and alternating voltage will superpose Stack be configured on this lead-in wire, thus with current transformer with current transformer and current detecting with sandwiching Can determine resonance by inductance and the distribution electrostatic capacitance of the circuit that affected by B kind grounding resistance Frequency, and this resonant frequency can be used for the instrumentation lightning rod with earth connection or A, C, D ground connection The independent resistance value of line can be carried out operation effectively.
Utilize the inventive method of test earth resistance, energy instrumentation equipotential is in conjunction with the electricity of conductor Resistance can be confirmed state of insulation, effectively in conjunction with the contact condition of conductor and machine.

Claims (6)

1, the method for testing of stake resistance, it is characterized in that: the stack of the alternating voltage that is used to superpose is configured in ground wire as tested object with current transformer and current detecting with current transformer with sandwiching, the alternating voltage of changeable frequency is added on the ground wire with current transformer by stack, in specialized range, change the frequency of superimposed voltage, taking-up is by the frequency content that is applied in the electric current of above-mentioned detection with the current transformer detection, obtain the merchant who removes above-mentioned stack alternating voltage gained with this current value, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
2, the method for testing of stake resistance is characterized in that: in series the alternating voltage with changeable frequency is applied on the ground wire at earth resistance position, and above-mentioned test position is by ground connection; In specialized range, change frequency, obtain with the current value that at this moment flows through ground wire and remove the merchant that above-mentioned stack ac voltage obtains, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
3, the method for testing of stake resistance, it is characterized in that: in 3 circuitry phases, stack 3 congruences are total, the alternating voltage that will superpose is disposed with current transformer with current transformer and current detecting with sandwiching, by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, be applied frequency content in the electric current that taking-up is detected with current transformer by above-mentioned detection, obtain with this current value except that the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
4, as the method for testing of any described stake resistance in the claim 1~3, it is characterized in that: the variation of frequency is got into pace of change certain, to keeping with the holding circuit of current detecting with the lowest high-current value of current transformer output, time constant is set, is not subjected to the circuit state of insulation to test the B kind grounding resistance of transformer with influencing.
5, the method of testing of stake resistance, it is characterized in that: at lightning rod with ground wire or A, C, in the D ground wire, the ground connection that connects each ground wire and B ground wire and even circuit with the clamp circuit of band lead-in wire mutually, the stack of stack alternating voltage is configured on this lead-in wire with current transformer with current transformer and current value detection with sandwiching, by the stack current transformer, the alternating voltage of stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, obtain with above-mentioned detection and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage with the detection current value that current transformer detects, with its minimum value as grounding resistance.
6, the method for testing of stake resistance, it is characterized in that: will be between the frame of many machines connect and form equipotential in conjunction with conductor, stack is configured in equipotential in conjunction with on the conductor with current transformer and current value detection with current transformer with sandwiching, by the alternating voltage of stack with current transformer stack changeable frequency, in specialized range, change frequency, by the electric current that above-mentioned detection detect to be flowed with current transformer, this electric current causes mobile by the resonant frequency that frame and the electrostatic capacitance between live wire, circuit inductance and the electrostatic capacitance of machine forms; Obtain with above-mentioned detection current value and remove the resulting merchant of above-mentioned stack ac voltage, with its minimum value as the resistance value of equipotential combination.
CNB001369717A 2000-02-29 2000-12-29 Method for testing earthing resistance Expired - Fee Related CN1163758C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000102804A JP3388440B2 (en) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 How to measure ground resistance
JP102804/2000 2000-02-29

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CN1311441A true CN1311441A (en) 2001-09-05
CN1163758C CN1163758C (en) 2004-08-25

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CN1163758C (en) 2004-08-25
JP2001242206A (en) 2001-09-07

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