CN1306190A - Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace - Google Patents
Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1306190A CN1306190A CN 00100379 CN00100379A CN1306190A CN 1306190 A CN1306190 A CN 1306190A CN 00100379 CN00100379 CN 00100379 CN 00100379 A CN00100379 A CN 00100379A CN 1306190 A CN1306190 A CN 1306190A
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Abstract
A direct combustion type hot-air cupola furnace is composed of spark capture, chimney heat exchanger, air preheating pipeline, combustion heat exchanger, combustion gas outlet, curved firebox preheating segment, blower segment, front furnace, charging port, blowing pipeline, expansion compensator, coiled heat exchanger, etc. As its effective height is less, the combustion gas escaped from charge has higher temp. As a result, both coke and CO take part in combustion to raise the temp further, resulting in stronger reductive atmosphere for optimal working point.
Description
The present invention relates to the smelting of a kind of iron or steel, particularly relating to a kind of is the direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace that fuel carries out the pig iron and iron casting production with the coke.
In Foundry Production, common cupola furnace is that the pig iron is molten into iron liquid to produce a kind of Special Equipment of ironcasting.At present, the ironcasting more than 90% is produced by the cupola furnace remelting pig iron.The production route of most foundry goods is: the iron ore → blast furnace → pig iron → cupola furnace → ironcasting, and will be from the iron ore to the foundry goods through twice pyroprocess.In general cupola furnace, the process heat that cast iron smelting uses accounts for the coke burning and emits the 55%-60% of total heat, and the physics heat that furnace gas is taken away accounts for 5%-8%, and the chemical heat that furnace gas is taken away accounts for 30%-35%.
Owing to lack suitable burner gas residual heat recovery technology, domestic most of cupola furnace does not reclaim burner gas residual heat at present, and number is lost in vain in a large amount of energy of megawatt.Domestic most of cupola furnace ratio of combustion generally is controlled at 50%-70%, and oxidizing atmosphere is stronger in the stove, a large amount of scaling loss of metallic element.Utilize the local general physics heat that adopts in the hot-blast stove chamber technology recovery furnace gas of burner gas residual heat more at home, but the hot-blast stove chamber technology reclaims the heat in the furnace gas, the hot blast temperature that obtains is about about 200 ℃, hot blast temperature is low, melting conditions, the hot benefit of raising of improving cupola furnace had little significance, and the hot-blast stove chamber life-span only is 1500-3000 hour simultaneously.Therefore there is very big defective in hotblast stove courage heat recovery technology.
The external stove external hot air technology of using, can comprehensively reclaim chemical heat and physics heat in the furnace gas, but the outer technology of stove needs the cupola furnace furnace gas is guided to below charging opening the burner that is arranged on ground, the heat exchanger, the furnace gas heat recovery system complex structure that constitutes, floor space is big, because pipeline is long, cooling surface area is bigger, the efficient that burner gas residual heat reclaims is not high simultaneously.There is significant limitation equally in the system cost height.
Be oxidizing atmosphere in the cupola furnace stove, the iron in the iron ore can not be restored, thereby can not use iron ore masonry furnace charge to produce ironcasting.Simultaneously, millions of ton of ferrous waste of the annual generation of Iron And Steel Industry, as steel scrap, iron scale skin, slag iron, assorted iron etc., these oxides-containing iron waste materials are generally because of its degree of oxidation height, can't use as cupola charge, wherein major part has caused pollution to environment.Therefore we can say, the limitation of common cupola furnace is: can only use blase furnace cast iron to be furnace charge, can not directly use iron ore to be furnace charge, cause the mass consumption of the energy and the raising of casting cost, can not use Iron And Steel Industry oxides-containing iron waste material to make furnace charge and produce foundry goods.
In metallurgy industry, the blast furnace Deoxidation Atmosphere in Furnace is very strong, is the Special Equipment that the smelt iron ore obtains the pig iron, and it is pourable ironcasting that the molten iron of its production adjusts slightly.But the limitation that blast furnace exists is: build that ununiformity, complex structure, laid down cost height, floor space that the area distributes are big, the working system of long-time continuous etc., in addition, the iron(-)coke ratio of blast furnace is very low, is about about 2.These problems have limited with the reality of blast-melted direct cast ironcasting and possibility economically.
Because the defective of above-mentioned existing existence, the design people actively study innovation based on abundant practical experience and expertise, through constantly studying, design, and after studying sample and improvement repeatedly, creates the present invention finally.
Main purpose of the present invention is, overcome the defective that existing cupola furnace exists, and provide a kind of direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace of novel texture, make its limitation that can overcome hot-blast stove chamber and stove external hot air technology, make it under higher iron(-)coke ratio situation, have very strong reducing atmosphere in the stove, can comprehensively reclaim chemical heat and physics heat in the furnace gas, can improve metallurgical performance, can be furnace charge with iron ore and Iron And Steel Industry waste material, produces ironcasting economically.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme.Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace according to the present invention's proposition, a kind of direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace, its include hot air duct, burner hearth, preheating section (7), bellows section (8), forehearth (9), charging machine (10),, charging opening (11), it is characterized in that also comprising chimney interchanger (2), it is arranged on top, the combustion heat-exchange device (4) of combustion heat-exchange device (4), cupola furnace air blast through chimney interchanger (2) preheating enters combustion heat-exchange device (4) by pre-heating duct road (3); Cupola furnace air blast through combustion heat-exchange device (4) heating enters bellows section (8) by hot air duct (5), for the foundry coke burning; Because cupola furnace adopts less virtual height, still keep higher temperature during furnace gas effusion furnace charge, carbon monoxide in the furnace gas and charging opening still keep the temperature more than 600 ℃ after replenishing the air mixed of furnace gas into, are arranged in the combustion heat-exchange device of charging opening top burning and emit heat; Promptly in cupola furnace, except the burning of coke, there is the burning of carbon monoxide in the furnace gas simultaneously, the heat energy that CO burning produces in the furnace gas feeds back to char combustion by the heating air blast, promote char combustion, char combustion and furnace gas incendiary are mutually promoted, and make temperature of combustion more and more higher, Deoxidation Atmosphere in Furnace is more and more stronger, finally reaches the best operating point of cupola furnace.
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures.
Aforesaid direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace, wherein said combustion heat-exchange device all is arranged on the top of charging opening, and combustion heat-exchange device and charging opening are closely linked.
Aforesaid direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace, the size of wherein said charging opening designs according to the air capacity that CO burning needs in the furnace gas replenish, and is generally the 1/3-1/5 of common cupola charging open area.
Aforesaid direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace, the wherein said useful height of a cupola is 3.5-5 with the ratio of burner hearth mean diameter.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and positively effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace of the present invention not only thermo-efficiency height, metallurgical performance is good, and have simple in structure, the superiority that system cost is low; Can be furnace charge with iron ore and Iron And Steel Industry waste material, produce ironcasting economically.
Test cupola furnace according to theory of the present invention, structure and principle of work constitute has confirmed science of the present invention and feasibility with the melting practice.
In sum, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace of the present invention, no matter it structurally or bigger improvement all arranged on the function, and have large improvement technically, and produced handy and practical effect, and have the effect of enhancement really, thus be suitable for practicality more, really be a new and innovative, progressive, practical invention.
Concrete structure of the present invention, principle provide in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the charging opening of above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention with the lower section.
Fig. 3 is the combustion heat-exchange device of above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention and the cut-away section synoptic diagram of chimney heat exchange.
Fig. 4 is that A among Fig. 3 is to view.
Further specify theory of the present invention, structure and principle of work below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Relevant calculation by the char combustion theory can be known, utilizes the physics chemical heat hot and that carbon monoxide comprises in the cupola furnace furnace gas cupola furnace air blast can be heated to more than 450 ℃, makes cupola furnace obtain high-temperature hot-air.When comprising a large amount of carbon monoxide by charging opening in the cupola furnace high-temperature furnace gas, the air mixed with replenishing from charging opening has possessed good combustion conditions, and carbon monoxide forms flame above charging opening.If CO burning and furnace gas heat-exchanger rig are set above charging opening, just can simply effectively comprehensively reclaim the cupola furnace burner gas residual heat.
Principle of work of the present invention is: owing to adopt less virtual height, still keep higher temperature during furnace gas effusion furnace charge, after carbon monoxide in the furnace gas and charging opening replenish the air mixed of furnace gas into, still keep the temperature more than 600 ℃, be arranged in the combustion heat-exchange device of charging opening top burning and emit heat, therefore be referred to as the direct combustion blast-heating cupola; Be the present invention in cupola furnace, except the burning of coke, have the burning of carbon monoxide in the furnace gas simultaneously.The heat energy that CO burning produces in the furnace gas feeds back to char combustion by the heating air blast, promotes char combustion.Char combustion and furnace gas incendiary are mutually promoted, and make temperature of combustion more and more higher, and Deoxidation Atmosphere in Furnace is more and more stronger, finally reach the best operating point of cupola furnace.
See also shown in Figure 1, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace of the present invention, it is made up of institutes such as spark catcher 1, chimney interchanger 2, pre-heating duct road 3, combustion heat-exchange device 4, hot air duct 5, furnace gas relief outlet 6, preheating section 7, bellows section 8, forehearth 9, charging machine 10, charging opening 11, charging scffold 12, cooling blower 13, blowing line 14, compensator piece 15, curve burner hearth 16, many exhaust outlets 17, cold wind bellows 18, expansion compensator 19, pre-hot blast bellows 20, serpentine heat exchanger 24, preheating wind inlet 26, hot-blast outlets 27.
Chimney interchanger 2 is arranged on the top of combustion heat-exchange device 4, chimney interchanger 2, combustion heat-exchange device 4 all are arranged on the top of charging opening 11, combustion heat-exchange device 4 is closely linked with charging opening 11, the size of charging opening 11 designs according to the air capacity that CO burning needs in the furnace gas replenish, the 1/3-1/5 that is about common cupola charging open area, through giving the cupola furnace air blast of chimney interchanger 2 preheatings, enter combustion heat-exchange device 4 by pre-heating duct road 3.Through giving the cupola furnace air blast of combustion heat-exchange device 4 heating, enter bellows section 8 by hot air duct 5, use for the foundry coke burning.That the useful height of a cupola of present embodiment adopts is close with the industrially developed country cupola furnace, than the lower virtual height of domestic cupola furnace, general virtual height is 3.5-5 with the ratio of burner hearth mean diameter.
See also shown in Figure 2; furnace gas relief outlet 6 is arranged on the opposite of charging opening 11; the air outlet of cooling blower 13 is over against charging opening 11; when the hot blast temperature of cupola furnace surpasses preset temperature; cooling blower 13 starts; high-temperature furnace gas is blown out by furnace gas relief outlet 6, and the combustion heat-exchange device 4 with protection charging opening 11 tops prolongs its work-ing life.Be provided with curve burner hearth 16 below charging opening 11, curve burner hearth 16 is built by laying bricks or stones by the conventional oven lining material and is formed.Curve burner hearth 16 is provided with many exhaust outlets 17, and present embodiment is four exhaust outlets, facts have proved, when cupola furnace used furnace charge inferior, many exhaust outlets had melting effect preferably.Be provided with compensator piece 15 in the hot air duct 5, can effectively reduce the thermal stresses in the hot air duct 5, guarantee that pipeline is unlikely by thermal stress damage.Cupola charging mouth size is offered by the air capacity that CO burning in the furnace gas need replenish, and common cupola furnace is generally offered charging opening by charging machine appearance profile and movement locus, and the more common cupola furnace of charging opening of the present invention is little.
See also shown in Figure 3, chimney interchanger 2 is similar to common cupola furnace bladder structure, top is provided with cold wind bellows 18, expansion compensator 19, and the cupola furnace air blast of process preheating collects in the pre-hot blast bellows 20 of bottom, delivers in the combustion heat-exchange device 4 by pre-heating duct road 3 and further heats.Be connected to compensator piece 15 in the pre-heating duct road 3, to protect pre-heating duct road 3 unlikely by thermal stress damage.Combustion heat-exchange device 4 is most important burner gas residual heat retrieving arrangements, and the carbon monoxide in the furnace gas burns therein and emits heat, and serpentine heat exchanger 24 wherein can further be heated to very high-temperature with the cupola furnace air blast after the preheating.The shell of combustion heat-exchange device 4 is made up of upper cone 21, combustion heat-exchange wall 23 and lower cone 25, and its inside is provided with refractory liner 22.
See also shown in Figure 4, the as can be seen from the figure trend of hot blast in the serpentine heat exchanger 24, pre-hot blast enters serpentine heat exchanger 24 from preheating wind inlet 27, the serpentine heat exchanger 24 further hot blasts of heating joins by hot-blast outlet 27 and hot air duct 5.
More than be preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention can also adopt other structure, only uses combustion heat-exchange device 4 also the cupola furnace air blast can be heated to very high-temperature as not adopting the 2 preheating cupola furnace air blast of chimney interchanger; Do not adopt curve burner hearth 16 and adopt simple straight line burner hearth; Do not adopt many exhaust outlets 17 and adopt single air outlet; Do not adopt the conventional oven lining material, and adopt water-cooled thin-lining or lining-less technology all can realize.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace, it includes hot air duct, burner hearth, preheating section (7), bellows section (8), forehearth (9), charging machine (10), charging opening (11), it is characterized in that also comprising chimney interchanger (2), it is arranged on top, the combustion heat-exchange device (4) of combustion heat-exchange device (4), cupola furnace air blast through chimney interchanger (2) preheating enters combustion heat-exchange device (4) by pre-heating duct road (3); Cupola furnace air blast through combustion heat-exchange device (4) heating enters bellows section (8) by hot air duct (5), for the foundry coke burning; Because cupola furnace adopts less virtual height, still keep higher temperature during furnace gas effusion furnace charge, carbon monoxide in the furnace gas and charging opening still keep the temperature more than 600 ℃ after replenishing the air mixed of furnace gas into, are arranged in the combustion heat-exchange device of charging opening top burning and emit heat; Promptly in cupola furnace, except the burning of coke, there is the burning of carbon monoxide in the furnace gas simultaneously, the heat energy that CO burning produces in the furnace gas feeds back to char combustion by the heating air blast, promote char combustion, char combustion and furnace gas incendiary are mutually promoted, and make temperature of combustion more and more higher, Deoxidation Atmosphere in Furnace is more and more stronger, finally reaches the best operating point of cupola furnace.
2, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that described combustion heat-exchange device (4) all is arranged on the top of charging opening (11), and combustion heat-exchange device (4) is closely linked with charging opening (11).
3, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the size of described charging opening (11) designs according to the air capacity that CO burning needs in the furnace gas replenish, and is generally the 1/3-1/5 of common cupola charging open area.
4, direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described useful height of a cupola and the ratio of burner hearth mean diameter are 3.5-5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00100379 CN1306190A (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2000-01-19 | Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00100379 CN1306190A (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2000-01-19 | Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace |
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| CN1306190A true CN1306190A (en) | 2001-08-01 |
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| CN 00100379 Pending CN1306190A (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2000-01-19 | Direct-combustion hot air cupola furnace |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304659A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-01-04 | 南乐县宏兴铸造厂 | Casting production technology of gray iron |
| CN102679350A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 王林海 | Gas and oxygen mixed combustion method for cupola furnace and cupola furnace |
| CN102732664A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 长沙金龙铸造实业有限公司 | Ductile cast iron production method and production device |
| CN103307889A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | 段金挺 | Gradient utilization method for waste heat of cupola furnace |
| CN107726844A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-23 | 山西博邦机械制造有限公司 | Energy saving and environment friendly totally-enclosed blast-heating cupola |
-
2000
- 2000-01-19 CN CN 00100379 patent/CN1306190A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304659A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-01-04 | 南乐县宏兴铸造厂 | Casting production technology of gray iron |
| CN103307889A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | 段金挺 | Gradient utilization method for waste heat of cupola furnace |
| CN103307889B (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2015-01-14 | 段金挺 | Gradient utilization method for waste heat of cupola furnace |
| CN102679350A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 王林海 | Gas and oxygen mixed combustion method for cupola furnace and cupola furnace |
| CN102679350B (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2016-06-01 | 王林海 | A kind of method of combustion gas for furnace cupola and oxygen mix burning and furnace cupola |
| CN102732664A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 长沙金龙铸造实业有限公司 | Ductile cast iron production method and production device |
| CN107726844A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-23 | 山西博邦机械制造有限公司 | Energy saving and environment friendly totally-enclosed blast-heating cupola |
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