CN1303905A - Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace - Google Patents
Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1303905A CN1303905A CN 00101428 CN00101428A CN1303905A CN 1303905 A CN1303905 A CN 1303905A CN 00101428 CN00101428 CN 00101428 CN 00101428 A CN00101428 A CN 00101428A CN 1303905 A CN1303905 A CN 1303905A
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Abstract
An equipment for treating and utilizing discards of crops and producing fuel gas by using solid carbon-contained material includes furnace body of suction type gasification furnace under the existent fixed bed, grate, feeding hole, air distributing hole, deslagging hole and gas outlet, and its characteized by that under the grate, a gas flow off-set passage is set up, and a cracking catalytic bed also can be added onto the bottom of furnace. Said invention can force fuel gas to slowly flow in the passage, and prolong stationary time of gas in high-temp. environment so as to make partial tar in fuel gas be cracked. Under the condition of setting up a catalytic bed, it cracking reaction can be more fully implemented so as to further raise tar cracking rate, gasification efficiency, and combustino valus of fuel gas.
Description
The present invention relates to the processing and utilizing technology of the waste of farm crop, also relate to device fabrication by solid carbon-contg material production combustion gas.
Gasifying biomass is to utilize gasification installation that biomass are burnt under anoxic condition, makes most of combustible species be converted into inflammable gas, uses for generating or cooking behind cooling and purifying.Difference according to combustion system, gasification installation has various ways, fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace the most commonly in the prior art, it has characteristics such as simple in structure, cheap, easy operation, be well suited for China's national situation, especially be fit to China rural area in order to handle agricultural waste material, for example straw, rice husk, branch, weeds etc.But because the structural restriction of this vapourizing furnace itself, its gasification efficiency and fuel gases calorific value are all on the low side, and the tar content in the combustion gas is higher.This combustion gas is unfavorable for storing and carrying, thereby has influenced the further utilization of this technology.
The objective of the invention is to, the structure of existing fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace is made improvements, provide a kind of and can improve gasification efficiency and fuel gases calorific value, and can carry out the cracked biomass gasifying furnace the tar in the output combustion gas.
Purpose of the present invention realizes in the following manner.
Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace of the present invention, the body of heater, the fire grate that comprise fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace of the prior art, and be arranged on feeding port, air distribution outlet, slag-drip opening, gas outlet on the furnace wall, and it is characterized in that, below fire grate, be provided with the circuitous runner of a fuel gas flow.Should can constitute like this by circuitous runner: below fire grate, be connected with the tubular baffle plate of a back taper, its end, be connected with the furnace wall, its lower port is connected with straight-run of pipe, on drop-bottom, also be provided with a big pipe, this mouth of pipe is lower than the straight tube upper port, three's sectional area equates or close in the straight tube, between straight tube outer wall and the big pipe, between big circular tube external wall and the furnace wall, and being hinged with on the great circle tube wall has scum pipe and extend to outside the furnace wall, and gas outlet is arranged on the body of heater bottom.Also the cracking and catalyzing reaction bed can be set on furnace bottom, it is made of bulk or pellet type catalyst and cover plate thereof, described cover plate upper surface is connected with the great circle infratubal port, on the cover plate of big circular tube external wall and twere, be provided with through hole as the combustion gas runner, gas outlet is arranged on the furnace wall of catalytic bed section, described catalyzer is the thermal cracking catalyst of using always, for example granular rhombspar, ferric oxide, activated carbon etc.
Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace of the present invention, simple in structure, the characteristics such as cost is lower of fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace of the prior art have been preserved on the one hand, simultaneously owing to set up the circuitous runner of fuel gas flow, force fuel gas flow in runner, to walk or drive slowly, postponed the residence time of air-flow in stove, make the combustion gas that is produced produce heat scission reaction under hot environment, the part tar in the combustion gas is cleaved.Be provided with under the situation of catalytic bed, because the effect of catalyzer, its scission reaction is more abundant, has further carried goudron lysis rate, gasification efficiency and fuel gases calorific value.
Be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment one-piece construction synoptic diagram of thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the another kind of embodiment one-piece construction synoptic diagram of thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, (1) is body of heater, and (2) are fire grate, and this fire grate is divided into two portions up and down with burner hearth, and (3) are air distribution outlet, and (4) are opening for feed, (5) slag-drip openings, and (6) are the secondary slag-drip opening.(7) be gas outlet.Can find out that from figure the wastes of crops gas that incomplete combustion produces in upper furnace is directly by the vacuum fan sucking-off that is located at gas outlet, its runner stroke is shorter, the time less that combustion gas stops in burner hearth, have little time to take place scission reaction, therefore, its tar content is higher.
Referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment is provided with the circuitous runner of fuel gas flow below fire grate, back taper pipe (8) is arranged on the fire grate below, its awl base angle is about about 45 °, this pipe upper base is connected with the furnace wall, lower port is connected with straight-run of pipe (9), and (10) for being located at the big pipe on the furnace bottom, this pipe upper orifice is lower than the upper end of straight tube.The height of back taper pipe (8) and straight tube (9) accounts for 1/3 of lower hearth height respectively, in the straight tube, the sectional area of big round tube inner wall to straight tube outer wall spacing, big circular tube external wall to three between the stove inwall about equally, to guarantee that fuel gas flow is unimpeded.Gas outlet is set at the below, furnace wall, can increase the combustion gas stroke.Arrow is represented the flow direction of combustion gas in burner hearth among the figure.Can find out that thus combustion gas is forced in the lower hearth and walks or drive slowly along circuitous flowing, deliver to cooling purifying device until being extracted out by vacuum fan from outlet (7).Compared to existing technology, the device for prolonging of present embodiment the residence time of combustion gas in hot environment, can guarantee to take place scission reaction, reduce the weight molecule tar content, improved gasification efficiency.
Experiment shows, uses the vapourizing furnace of this structure to handle agricultural waste material, and the tar that is produced in the combustion gas can cracking 60%.Fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace compared to existing technology, its gasification efficiency improves 12%, and fuel gases calorific value improves 15%.
Referring to Fig. 3, present embodiment is to have set up the catalytic bed that is full of catalyzer on furnace bottom, and (11) are pellet type catalyst, and particle diameter is about 1-3cm, as the particulate state rhombspar.(12) be cover plate, big pipe is fixed on this cover plate, and catalytic bed and great circle tube cavity are separated.On the cover plate of big pipe and twere, be evenly distributed with through hole, as gas flow channel.Furnace bottom to the height between cover plate accounts for 2/5 of lower hearth height.The height of back taper pipe (8) and straight tube (9) accounts for 1/3 of all the other height of lower hearth respectively, and the radial dimension of straight tube and big pipe is identical with a last embodiment, to guarantee that fuel gas flow is unimpeded.From the gas outlet tipping one escape pipe (13) is arranged, it stretches at the beaded catalyst middle portion, will aspirate out body of heater with the abundant reacted combustion gas of catalyzer.
In the present embodiment, not only increased rational airflow path, but also in lower hearth circuitous mobile combustion gas is drawn into the catalytic bed from the space of big circular tube external wall, under the effect of catalyzer, tar in the combustion gas fully takes place to be drawn out of after the scission reaction again, therefore it is low to export the coal-tar middle oil content of combustion gas, the calorific value height.Experiment shows, uses the vapourizing furnace of this structure to handle agricultural waste material, the combustion gas of producing is coal-tar middle oil can cracking 60%.Fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace compared to existing technology, its gasification efficiency can improve 15%, and fuel gases calorific value improves 20%.
Claims (3)
1. thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace, the body of heater, the fire grate that comprise fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace of the prior art, and be arranged on feeding port, air distribution outlet, slag-drip opening, gas outlet on the furnace wall, and it is characterized in that, below fire grate, be provided with the circuitous runner of a fuel gas flow.
2. thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the circuitous runner of described fuel gas flow can constitute like this: be connected with a tubular baffle plate of back taper below fire grate, its end, be connected with the furnace wall, its lower port is connected with straight-run of pipe, on drop-bottom, also be provided with a big pipe, this mouth of pipe is lower than the straight tube upper end, in the straight tube, between straight tube outer wall and big pipe, circular tube external wall equates with twere three's sectional area or is close greatly, tipping has scum pipe and extends to outside the furnace wall on the great circle tube wall, and gas outlet is arranged on the body of heater bottom.
3. thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cracking and catalyzing reaction bed can be set on furnace bottom, it is made of pellet type catalyst and cover plate thereof, described cover plate upper surface is connected with the great circle infratubal port, be provided with the through hole as the combustion gas runner on the cover plate of big pipe and twere, gas outlet is arranged on the furnace wall of catalytic bed section, and described catalyzer is the thermal cracking catalyst of using always.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00101428A CN1098910C (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2000-01-12 | Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN00101428A CN1098910C (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2000-01-12 | Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN1303905A true CN1303905A (en) | 2001-07-18 |
| CN1098910C CN1098910C (en) | 2003-01-15 |
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| CN00101428A Expired - Fee Related CN1098910C (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2000-01-12 | Thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1301789C (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2007-02-28 | 许庆华 | Biomass gasification catalyst and its production method |
| CN1926222B (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2011-04-27 | 中外炉工业株式会社 | System for gasification of biomass and method for operation thereof |
| CN101592344B (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2011-06-01 | 周德国 | Biomass energy heating device |
| CN101338204B (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-08-03 | 北京乡电电力有限公司 | Integration biomass gasification stove catalytic splitting process and device thereof |
| CN101407722B (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-11-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Biomass high temperature pyrolysis and gasification and high temperature pyrolysis gas catalytic purification process |
| CN102844410A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2012-12-26 | 帕沃韦斯特气化公司 | Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas |
| CN101768452B (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2013-03-13 | 深圳市兖能环保科技有限公司 | System for making coal gas and/or activated carbon with sorted garbage as raw material, and device and method thereof |
| CN104152186A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 卢元强 | Method and device for pyrolysis of wood tar through microwave |
| CN104178188A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for reducing pyrolysis activation energy of rice hulls |
| CN110038673A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-23 | 泉州市丰泽正禄贸易有限公司 | A kind of pretreating waste self energizing oxygen deprivation thermal cracking gasification furnace apparatus |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2097356U (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1992-02-26 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Rural household range utilizing biological gasification |
| CN2198275Y (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1995-05-24 | 邹本清 | High efficiency plant charring furnace |
| CN2274189Y (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-02-11 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Lower-suction type biological material gasifying stove |
| CN2325395Y (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 1999-06-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment |
-
2000
- 2000-01-12 CN CN00101428A patent/CN1098910C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1926222B (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2011-04-27 | 中外炉工业株式会社 | System for gasification of biomass and method for operation thereof |
| CN1301789C (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2007-02-28 | 许庆华 | Biomass gasification catalyst and its production method |
| CN101592344B (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2011-06-01 | 周德国 | Biomass energy heating device |
| CN101338204B (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-08-03 | 北京乡电电力有限公司 | Integration biomass gasification stove catalytic splitting process and device thereof |
| CN101407722B (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-11-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Biomass high temperature pyrolysis and gasification and high temperature pyrolysis gas catalytic purification process |
| CN101768452B (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2013-03-13 | 深圳市兖能环保科技有限公司 | System for making coal gas and/or activated carbon with sorted garbage as raw material, and device and method thereof |
| CN102844410A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2012-12-26 | 帕沃韦斯特气化公司 | Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas |
| CN102844410B (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2018-09-28 | 瑞恩沃特公司 | The method and apparatus that carbon raw material is processed into gasification gas |
| CN104178188A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-12-03 | 南京理工大学 | Method for reducing pyrolysis activation energy of rice hulls |
| CN104152186A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-11-19 | 卢元强 | Method and device for pyrolysis of wood tar through microwave |
| CN110038673A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-23 | 泉州市丰泽正禄贸易有限公司 | A kind of pretreating waste self energizing oxygen deprivation thermal cracking gasification furnace apparatus |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1098910C (en) | 2003-01-15 |
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