CN1299557C - Mealie whole straw coverage wheat full no-tillage planting method and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Mealie whole straw coverage wheat full no-tillage planting method and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1299557C CN1299557C CNB200310109679XA CN200310109679A CN1299557C CN 1299557 C CN1299557 C CN 1299557C CN B200310109679X A CNB200310109679X A CN B200310109679XA CN 200310109679 A CN200310109679 A CN 200310109679A CN 1299557 C CN1299557 C CN 1299557C
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001448332 Liriope minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and device for total no-tillage planting operation through blanketing wheat with complete maize stalks. In view of the abuse of the traditional wheat seeding method and wheat minimum-tillage seeding, the complete straws of harvested maize are pulled down on the spot in the field, and wheat seeds are planted in flat planting manner through trench digging between every two maize rows without tillage. The complete straws of maize are blanketed on the bare earth surface of the wide ridge back of the wheat. A machine set of the present invention is matched with a four-wheel tractor of which the horsepower is 18 to 22, a combing and pressing machine for maize stalks is arranged in front of the tractor, and a total no-tillage planting and fertilizing machine is hung behind the tractor; thereby, a total no-tillage planting and fertilizing machine set for blanketing wheat with complete maize stalks is formed, and the tractor accomplishes performing the operations of pulling down the upright maize straws in the field, combing the maize straws, planting wheat seeds, fertilizing, suppressing, compacting the straws, etc. in one step. The present invention reduces power consumption of the matched tractor, effectively reduces times of entering the field for machines and tools, and has the advantages of high work efficiency, right farming season, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the whole straw of a kind of corn and cover wheat tillage free type of seeding and equipment, belong to agricultural planting method and seeding machinery technical field.
Background technology
Wheat, corn are the main crops of the northern area of China, and traditional cropping system is to sow wheat behind the cultivated whole ground of maize straw in autumn.Its operation technique is numerous and diverse, and the facility input is many, and charge is high.Add up according to investigations: maize straw machine, rotary tillage or trench plow are joined with large sized tractor earlier in general farmland, and ground sowing wheat is harrowed, covered to twice of crushed stalk, twice of rotary tillage or deep ploughing with small tractor again.Tractor advances ground operation 6-7 time, 60 yuan more than of mu operation charges, and peasant burden is heavy.Also owing to straw chopping and returning, stalk turns over and is pressed among the soil plough horizon, and the face of land is exposed, has increased the weight of the evaporation of wheat in winter-spring season soil moisture.Along with the worsening shortages of water resource and the development of water-saving agricultural technology, the wheat no-tillage seeding test of carrying out in recent years adopts large sized tractor to join stalk crasher crushed stalk water furrow planting wheat, wheat no-tillage planter in corn field once with wheat cultivation band rotary tillage 17cm, simultaneously, trench digging roll up the soil that comes with wheat in the ranks 21cm uncultivated land table stalk imbed in the soil, no-tillage area accounts for 57.9%.This no-tillage seeding belongs in fact minimal tills sowing.Though can one-stop operation finish,, influence the wheat cultivation quality because wheat cultivation has the part stalk.But this method remains in problem: 1. crushed stalk and wheat cultivation carry out synchronously, can only adopt large sized tractor supporting, and power consumption is big, and general rural area large sized tractor recoverable amount is less, promotes to also have certain limitation.2. mu operation charge does not reduce.3. wheat adopts water furrow planting, plants bed and reduces, and trench digging rolls up the soil that comes and the stalk of pulverizing is imbedded the wheat ridge shows privately in addition, makes before the liriope minor and period of seedling establishment ground temperature reduces, and influence wheat growth growth and output.Thereby this grow wheat tillage free seeding method and also further improvement raising of facility.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the exposed wheat face of land in the ranks, the tillage free seeding method thereafter of retaining and conserveing soil moisture of being covered in of the whole straw of a kind of maize straw.And the supporting whole straw of corn of design and small tractor cover wheat tillage free sowing unit, make full use of the many characteristics of rural area small tractor recoverable amount, reduce facility input and tractor dynamic power consumption, guarantee the wheat cultivation quality.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the characteristics of the whole straw covering of this corn wheat tillage free type of seeding are: the whole straw behind the harvesting corn is overwhelmed on the spot the no-tillage trench digging flat planting of corn wheat in the ranks in the field.
The concrete technical scheme that the whole straw of described corn cover the type of seeding of wheat tillage free is that whole corn stalk is shown exposed the covering privately at the loose ridge of wheat.
Another concrete technical scheme that the whole straw of described corn cover the type of seeding of wheat tillage free is the every line space flat planting of a corresponding corn wheat triplex row.
Be applicable to that the whole straw of corn cover the operation unit of wheat tillage free type of seeding, the wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizer spreading machine that articulates behind roller maize straw comb press, tractor and the tractor that its principal character is provided with before by tractor is formed.
The maize straw comb press that the whole straw of described corn cover wheat tillage free sowing unit is made of pressure roller that is provided with under frame and the frame and broach.
The whole straw of described corn cover maize straw comb press in the wheat tillage free sowing unit broach two or more be vertically welded on the housiung separator.
On the frame of maize straw comb press road wheel is set also in the whole straw covering of the described corn wheat tillage free sowing unit.
Maize straw comb press links to each other with tractor by quadric chain in the whole straw covering of the described corn wheat tillage free sowing unit.
The whole straw of described corn cover no-tillage seeding machine in the wheat tillage free sowing unit by the kind case, the fertile case that are provided with on the frame that articulates with tractor, the frame, discharging tube, defertilizing tube and plough that frame lower is provided with articulate the stalk pressure roller after the frame and its outer suppression of soil roller that is provided with constitutes.
Furrower and seeding (fertilizer) pipe that the whole straw of described corn cover the plough of no-tillage seeding fertilization machine in the compound sowing unit of wheat tillage free are conjuncted structure, be fixed on the sower crossbeam by the plough spade, the plough spade is made up of axle and the outside pivoted housing of axle.
The whole straw of described corn cover that upper/lower terminal is provided with nylon jacket and bearing respectively between the axle of no-tillage seeding fertilization machine plough in the compound sowing unit of wheat tillage free and the pivoted housing.
The whole straw of corn of the present invention cover wheat tillage free seeding method, inherited the advantage of traditional flat planting wheat, overcome again and minimal tilled the reduction of sower water furrow planting bed at present, crushing straw turns over and is pressed on the wide ridge of wheat and shows soil privately, cause wheatland survive the winter before and after ground temperature reduce the drawback influence wheat growth and output, retain and conserve soil moisture.Most of the rotting of stalk in the coming year decomposed, and can not influence the corn seeding of next year, is the major reform of wheat planting mode.
Operation unit of the present invention can once be finished the maize straw that the field is upright in actual applications and overwhelm, combs suitable, stalk compacting, wheat cultivation, fertilising, firming, an operation such as compacting stalk again.Reduced the power consumption of supporting tractor, effectively reduced the facility operation and advance the ground number of times.The selection small tractor is supporting, has made full use of the many characteristics of rural area small tractor recoverable amount, and the unit consumption of power is few, and price is cheap, uses easy to adjust, adaptation China rural area current economic and technique level.Has broad prospect for its application; This unit operation is once finished, and more traditional operating type has reduced tractor and advanced ground operation 5-6 time, minimal tills tractor of sowing minimizing than wheat and advances the ground operation, has simplified operation technique, has reduced the facility input; Mu operation charge is by 20 yuan of calculating, and pulverizing also than traditional maize straw, the charge of field sowing wheat operation mu has reduced 40 yuan.Minimal till the charge of sowing mu than wheat and reduced 50 yuan; Robbing aspect farming season, the one-stop operation of this unit is finished the whole straw of corn and is covered wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizing multi-mode operation, has reduced consumption in farming season, has realized wheat zero farming consumption sowing.Help prolonging corn growing season, late-maturing corn variety in the employing increases corn yield, the wheat of can also beginning sowing in good time, and no-tillage flat planting mode has guaranteed the seeding quality of wheat.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the whole straw of corn cover wheat tillage free sowing unit
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the zoomed-in view of wheat no-tillage planter among Fig. 1
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 vertical view
Fig. 5 is the zoomed-in view of wheat no-tillage planter plough
Among the figure: 1, maize straw comb press 1-1, frame 1-2, road wheel 1-3, broach 1-4, pressure roller 2, four connecting rods 3, tractor 4, steel wire rope 5, hang 6 behind the tractor, seeding and fertilizer spreading machine 6-1, plough 6-1.1 axle 6-1.2, nylon jacket 6-1.3, pivoted housing 6-1.4, holding screw nail 6-1.5, bearing 6-1.6, furrower 6-2, pack roller 6-3, discharging tube 6-4, defertilizing tube 6-5, plant case 6-6, fertile case 6-7, frame 6-8, pressure roller
Embodiment
Seeding method of the present invention utilizes the maize straw comb press 1 of operation unit will put in order straw earlier and overwhelms comb along compacting, utilize again garden post rotary type winding and blocking loosen the soil plough 6-1 with the whole straw of corn in the loose ridge back of the body of wheat comb derived set, the function of pressure roller 6-8 after utilizing wheat cultivation pack roller 6-2 diameter greater than stalk behind the wheat cultivation again, further stalk is concentrated to the wide ridge back of the body of wheat, at last with pressure roller 6-8 behind the stalk with the maize straw compacting, form the whole straw of corn and only show exposed the covering privately at the loose ridge of wheat.The post rotary type winding and blocking seed opener 6-1 that loosens the soil in garden can adjust according to the wheat cultivation agriculture requirement, flat planting wheat in corn is capable only, and the whole straw of corn are exposed to be covered in the loose capable ridge of wheat and to show privately.
Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment schematic diagram that the whole straw of corn of the present invention cover wheat tillage free sowing set structure, its basic structure comprises: maize straw comb press, four connecting rods, small tractor, steel wire rope, tractor hang, wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizer spreading machine, this unit and 18-22 horsepower four-wheel tractor.
The operation process that the whole straw of corn cover is as shown in Figure 1: maize straw comb press 1 is set before the tractor 3, on the frame 1-1 crossbeam of maize straw comb press 1 several broach 1-3 is set, pressure roller 1-4 is set thereafter, the effect of broach is to make maize straw in order the pressure roller 1-4 front of putting together, pressure roller 1-4 overwhelms stalk, also is provided with road wheel 1-2 at the frame 1-1 of maize straw comb press 1;
The operation process of wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizing such as Fig. 1 or shown in Figure 3: hang 5 usefulness steel wire ropes 4 behind the tractor and mount wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizer spreading machine 6, seeding and fertilizer spreading machine is by the kind case 6-5 that is provided with on frame 6-7, the frame, fertile case 6-6, discharging tube 6-3, defertilizing tube 6-4 and plough 6-1 that frame lower is provided with articulate stalk pressure roller 6-8 and its outer suppression of soil roller 6-3 that is provided with after the frame.The furrower 6-1 of sower and discharging tube 6-3, defertilizing tube 6-4 are wholely set; As shown in Figure 4: plough is crisscross arranged on the crossbeam of sower frame 6-7, corresponding three groups of ploughs and seeding (fertilizer) pipe between the maize straw that per two row of corresponding corn line-spacing overwhelm, thereafter corresponding stalk pressure roller 6-8 and the suppression of soil roller 6-2 that one group of different-diameter is set, with the compacting of wheat seed earthing simultaneously with the further compacting of stalk.
For the maize straw that prevents to overwhelm twines stifled seed opener, elongation technology scheme of the present invention is that the spade with plough 6-1 is designed to cylindrical structural, built-in axle 6-1.1, the outer pivoted housing 6-1.3 that is provided with of axle, in advancing, can freely rotate with stalk, when operation, can effectively prevent the resistance that things such as plough lash stalk and weeds bring to locomotive like this, further divide comb with stalk simultaneously to the both sides.
The suspension arrangement of the shared tractor of sowing unit of the present invention, maize straw is combed press and wheat tillage free sower all is contained on the tractor, lower bearing pin lengthening on the pull bar of both sides will be hung behind the tractor, lower bearing pin is in order to articulate sower suppending hole and wire rope pulley, last suspension bearing pin hangs pull bar and steel wire rope hook in order to articulate, articulate facility before and after the tractor and connect, form the whole straw comb of corn pressure, wheat tillage free seeding fertilization multiple working group with steel wire rope.
Claims (8)
1, the whole straw of corn cover the type of seeding of wheat tillage free, it is characterized in that: once finish the maize straw that the field is upright with maize straw comb press and overwhelm, comb suitable, stalk compacting on the spot; Utilize again garden post rotary type winding and blocking loosen the soil plough with the whole straw of corn in the loose ridge back of the body of wheat comb derived set; At the no-tillage in the ranks trench digging flat planting of corn wheat, fertilising, further stalk is concentrated to the loose ridge back of the body of wheat with the wheat cultivation pack roller, firming, at last with pressure roller behind the stalk with maize straw compacting again.
2, the whole straw of corn according to claim 1 cover the type of seeding of wheat tillage free, it is characterized in that whole corn stalk shows exposed the covering privately at the wide ridge of wheat.
3, the whole straw of corn according to claim 1 cover the type of seeding of wheat tillage free, it is characterized in that the every line space flat planting of corresponding corn wheat triplex row.
4, the whole straw of the corn according to claim 1 whole straw of corn that cover wheat tillage free type of seeding design cover wheat tillage free sowing unit, it is characterized in that: the sowing unit is made up of roller maize straw comb press (1), tractor that is arranged on tractor the place ahead and the wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizer spreading machine (6) that is articulated in rear tractor;
Articulate suppression of soil roller (6-2) formation of stalk pressure roller (6-8) and its outer setting after discharging tube (6-3), defertilizing tube (6-4) and the plough (6-1) that wheat tillage free seeding and fertilizer spreading machine is provided with by the kind case (6-5) that is provided with on the frame (6-7) that articulates with tractor, the frame, fertile case (6-6), frame lower, the frame, the pack roller diameter greater than stalk after pressure roller;
The furrower (6-1.6) of the plough of no-tillage seeding fertilization machine (6-1) and discharging tube, defertilizing tube (6-3,6-4) are conjuncted structure, be fixed on the sower crossbeam by the plough spade, the plough spade is made up of axle (6-1.1) and the outside pivoted housing (6-1.3) of axle.
5, the whole straw of corn according to claim 4 cover the whole straw covering of the corn wheat tillage free sowing unit of wheat tillage free type of seeding design, it is characterized in that described maize straw comb press (1) is made of pressure roller (1-4) that is provided with under frame (1-1) and the frame and broach (1-3).
6, the whole straw of corn according to claim 5 cover the whole straw covering of the corn wheat tillage free sowing unit of wheat tillage free type of seeding design, it is characterized in that described broach (1-3) has two or more, is vertically welded on the housiung separator.
7, the whole straw of corn according to claim 5 cover the whole straw covering of the corn wheat tillage free sowing unit of wheat tillage free type of seeding design, it is characterized in that described maize straw comb press links to each other with tractor by four connecting rods (2) mechanism, also is provided with road wheel (1-2) on the frame (1-1) of maize straw comb press (1).
8, the whole straw of the corn according to claim 4 whole straw of corn that cover wheat tillage free type of seeding design cover the compound sowing unit of wheat tillage free, it is characterized in that upper/lower terminal is provided with nylon jacket (6-1.2) and bearing (6-1.5) respectively between the axle (6-1.1) of plough and the pivoted housing (6-1.3).
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CNB200310109679XA CN1299557C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | Mealie whole straw coverage wheat full no-tillage planting method and equipment thereof |
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CNB200310109679XA CN1299557C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | Mealie whole straw coverage wheat full no-tillage planting method and equipment thereof |
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CN1545831A CN1545831A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
CN1299557C true CN1299557C (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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CNB200310109679XA Expired - Fee Related CN1299557C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | Mealie whole straw coverage wheat full no-tillage planting method and equipment thereof |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104396377A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-11 | 王克夫 | Corn straw crushing returning method |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104365202A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-25 | 柳州市宏大机械制造有限公司 | Combined operation machine |
CN105075446A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Method for returning corn straw back to field through under-plough deep burying |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2506054Y (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2002-08-21 | 河北省农林科学院农业机械化研究所 | Combined machine set for maize stalk combing, pressing and ploughing |
CN1430870A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2003-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Line centering no-tillage sowing machine for wheat in farmland covered by corn stalk |
CN2653848Y (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Plough-free sowing machine set for sowing wheat and covering whole corn straw stem on wheat field |
CN2653849Y (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Plough-free sowing operating machine set for sowing wheat and covering whole corn straw stem on wheat |
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2003
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2506054Y (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2002-08-21 | 河北省农林科学院农业机械化研究所 | Combined machine set for maize stalk combing, pressing and ploughing |
CN1430870A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2003-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Line centering no-tillage sowing machine for wheat in farmland covered by corn stalk |
CN2653848Y (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Plough-free sowing machine set for sowing wheat and covering whole corn straw stem on wheat field |
CN2653849Y (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Plough-free sowing operating machine set for sowing wheat and covering whole corn straw stem on wheat |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104396377A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-11 | 王克夫 | Corn straw crushing returning method |
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