CN1290417C - Purpose of sea weed as plant growth regulator - Google Patents
Purpose of sea weed as plant growth regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1290417C CN1290417C CN 200510038823 CN200510038823A CN1290417C CN 1290417 C CN1290417 C CN 1290417C CN 200510038823 CN200510038823 CN 200510038823 CN 200510038823 A CN200510038823 A CN 200510038823A CN 1290417 C CN1290417 C CN 1290417C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a new purpose of seaweed used as a plant growth regulator. The present invention is characterized in that full seaweed or seaweed powder of one or more of gracilaria and sargassum plants in large-scale seaweed or extracts of plant growth hormones are used as a plant growth regulator to be used in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and plant cultivation in laboratories. In the present invention, gracilaria seaweed and sargassum seaweed contain a large quantity of natural active components, such as cytokinin, auxin, similar auxin, betaine, indoleacetic acid, etc., and the components can be easily absorbed by plants and can truly promote plants to quickly and normally grow and ripe; used as a plant growth regulator, the seaweed is directly buried under plant roots, wrapped with plant roots, mixed in soil or horizontally put at plant roots, etc.; time for plant growth, ripeness, flowering and fruiting can be reduced under the conditions of no environmental pollution or changes of growth mechanisms of plants. Additionally, the seaweed has the advantages of easy cultivation and low cost, and the seaweed can be popularized and used in a large area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purposes of tangleweed, be specifically related to tangleweed new purposes as plant growth regulator in growing process.
Background technology
Large ocean algae of a great variety, not following 3000 kinds.Because contain several amino acids, vitamin, mineral matter and a large amount of organic compound such as mannitol, algin and protein etc. in the marine alga, and resource is extremely abundant, nutritive value is all very high, adaptive faculty is very strong, culture easily, processing cost is low, therefore is usually used in food and feed.Medicinal and the edible history of marine alga can be traced back to B.C. 3000.The famous physician legendary god of farming of China just once described the benefit of marine alga in book.Greece and Rome literature were also once mentioned nutrition and the medical value of some algae.In fact, the development and use of marine algae resource for a long time are the problems that people pay close attention to always, and annual national governments and research institution have all dropped into great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources in this respect, and have obtained many achievements.
In recent years, marine alga in the application in food science and technology field more and more widely.Many marine algas are edible, and they are rich in chlorophyll, carbohydrate and protein, also contain materials such as potassium, sodium, sulphur, calcium, magnesium and chlorine simultaneously, and some marine alga also is rich in iodine.Therefore the extract of marine alga is by a large amount of developments and utilizations.For example: at present, numerous food product all adopts agar (isolated rubber cement from red algae) as thickener, as increases flavor milk, candy, jelly, dessert, salad, sour milk etc.Simultaneously, in microbial technology field, agar also is used as medium.Norway, France and Japan and other countries have all been carried out exploitation and have been pushed it against market this marine resources of marine alga.Yet in the growth of nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant, tangleweed is still blank as the application of growth promotion conditioning agent in the real life, does not up to the present also see any report.
On the other hand, development along with modern agriculture and forestry science and technology, people have been not content with the plant self-sow, become a useful person in order to make nursery stock early, fruit tree is yielded positive results, the various countries expert improves constantly culture technique, yet will see usually that from plant growing only this is not enough, so some researchers have developed and a series ofly can promote the quick growing plants growth regulator of plant.Yet these plant growth regulator all are with various chemical hormone synthetic, and therefore to plant, all can cause certain negative effect to environment, and cost is higher, is difficult to large scale application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to seek with the new purposes of marine alga as the growth promotion conditioning agent of nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation.Can environment is not had pollute, do not change under the prerequisite of plant growing mechanism shorten plant growing, maturation, bloom, time of result.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of marine alga is as the new purposes of plant growth regulator, with one or more full algae, algae powder or plant growing kinetin extract in Gracilaria in the tangleweed and the Sargassum plant as plant growth regulator, the application in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation.
The related content of technique scheme is explained as follows:
1, about the explanation of Gracilaria in the above-mentioned tangleweed and Sargassum plant:
(1), Gracilaria plant
Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is a formal name used at school, and the north claims asparagus, and Fujian claims sea level line, the young palpus of palm fibre, and Guangdong claims powder dish, edible seaweed, snake dish, sand tail dish.Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (Gracilaria verrucosa (Huds.) Papenf.) belongs to Rhodophyta, Rhodophyceae, Gigartinales, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts section, Gracilaria (Gracilaria Grev.).Whole world fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts has more than 100 kinds, is the register that China produces fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts below:
Bow fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.arcuata) joint fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.articulata)
The crisp fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts of eddo fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.blodgettii) (G.bursa-pastoris)
Celestial palm fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.cacalia) rope fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.chorda)
Umbrella room fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.coronopifolia) skin fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.corticata)
The edible fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts of thick fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.crassa) (G.edulis)
The thick fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.gigas) of phoenix tail dish (G.eucheumoides)
Hard fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.firma) Hainan fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.hainanensis)
The huge spore fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts of tongue fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.lingual) (G.megaspora)
Little fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.minor) spot fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.punctata)
Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.salicornia) asparagus (G.sjoestedtii) of hanging
Thorn limit fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.spinulosa) thorn limit fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts ripple modification (G.spinulosa f.srilankia)
The flat fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts of Gracilaria tenuistipitata (G.tenuistipitata) (G.textorii)
Fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts (G.verrucosa)
Morphological feature is: frond is an aubergine, dark violet green or dun redness, hyaloidin or plump succulence, frangibility.Branch is cylindric, and is inferior cylindric, flat and lobate.More than high 5～45cm, what have reaches one meter.Base portion has a circle shape holdfast.
The ecological distribution: the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts happiness is grown in the inner bay that fresh water flows into and water quality is fertile, and especially tranquil at stormy waves, current are more unobstructed, and physical features is more smooth, and it is comparatively vigorous to grow in the more clear bay of water quality.All there is the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts resource the coastal various places of China, and south such as existing Guangdong, Guangxi are coastal has developed breed.
Economic worth: the fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts frond is big, and growth is fast, and gel content is an important source material of making agar-agar up to more than 30%.
(2), Sargassum plant
Sargassum [Sargassum (Turn.) Ag.] belongs to Phaeophyta, Fucales, Sargassaceae (Sargassaceae).Frond is perennial, constitutes by supporting device, trunk, algae leaf and air bag four parts admittedly, and brown, the trunk multi-branched, the leaf shape of algae is changeable, and all flat partially, air bag is single, be born on the rock of the stone natural pond of cay seashore and number Mi Shen more, be perennial marine alga.Be the important source material of extraction algin, mannitol, iodine, sargassum essence and the multiple powder of brown alga etc., economic worth is higher.Qingdao sea area continent cay seashore and cay zone widespread distribution, and have certain stock number.
The kind of sargassum has nearly 180 kinds in the world, in China's Zhejiang Province's natural distribution Sargassum horneri [Sargassum horneri (Turn.) Ag.] is arranged, mouse tail algae [Sargassum thunbergii (Mert.) O ' Kuntze], Wa Shi sargassum [Sargassum vachellianum Grev.], sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo [Sargassummuticum (Yendo) Fensholt], decomposite leaf sargassum [Sargassum siliquastrum (Turn.) Ag.], the mutation [Sargassum hemiphyllum var.chinense (urn.) J.Agardh] of half leaf sargassum China, Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch 7 kinds such as [Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch].
What research was maximum in Sargassum, economic worth is the highest is Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch: have medical value digestion-promoting and clot-absorbing effect immunocompetence.The Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch growth has obvious seasonal, the 10-12 month, 4-6 month, water temperature 15-23 ℃ is its fast growing period, water layer 20-30cm growth is normal, and shallow excessively have a mashed dish phenomenon, crosses dark poor growth, breeding way is the best with soft buoyant raft, can improve the eutrophication of water quality in a large amount of cultivating seaweed in the marine site of cage culture.
2, about the explanation of the extract of above-mentioned Gracilaria and Sargassum plant:
Above-mentioned plant growing kinetin extract comprises cytokinin (basic element of cell division), auximone, class auximone, betain, heteroauxin (sargassum) etc., wherein, cytokinin is meant a class purine derivative of physiologically active: the betain major part is glycinebetaine, B-alanine betain and r-aminobutyric acid betain.
So-called plant growth regulator is different with fertilizer, fertilizer is meant that plant keeps the indispensable nutritive element of normal growth from external world picked-up, and plant growth regulator is a class physiological activator that additionally provides for the speed that improves plant growing, growth on the basis of normal growth, be not general plant growing must provide, but just add when purpose and special requirement are arranged.
3, above-mentioned Gracilaria and Sargassum plant be as plant growth regulator, the application mode in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation:
(1), full algae
The tangleweed landfill is wrapped root at the bottom of plant roots or to plant.
(2), algae powder
The algae powder is the crushed material of tangleweed, and its active ingredient is for comprising cytokinin, auximone, class auximone, betain, can mix soil or tiles at plant root.
(3), extract
After extracts active ingredients such as the cytokinin in above-mentioned Gracilaria and the Sargassum plant, auximone, class auximone, betain, can mix soil or use in plant root tiling.
4, above-mentioned tangleweed is in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and the laboratory plant cultivation principle as plant growth regulator:
The inventor is in the process of marine alga characteristic that studies for a long period of time, and discovery Gracilaria and Sargassum marine alga are being contained a large amount of cytokinin (basic element of cell division), auximone, class auximone, betain, heteroauxin natural activity compositions such as (sargassums).These compositions are easy to by plant absorbing, can promote really plant fast, normally the growth, maturation.Such as, Sargassum also contains the special class auximone of heteroauxin and 2 classes except containing above-mentioned plant growth regulator (they mainly are for outstanding easier of plant absorbing, concrete title is temporarily not fixed), they can be better by plant absorbing, promote cell division, accelerate the metabolic speed of plant cell; And Gracilaria is except itself containing some physiological activators, also contain polysaccharose agar-agar up to 30%, all plant growth regulator and nutritive element can be fixed in the scope of root growth, and guarantee that these materials can continue to discharge for a long time, for plant growing constantly provides desired substance.
With above discovery, be applied in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and the laboratory plant cultivation as plant growth regulator, just solved the normal problem of growth fast of plant that how under the prerequisite that environment is not had pollute, do not change plant growing mechanism, to make.In addition, these marine algas are cultured easily, and cost is lower, can large scale application.
5, experiment
(1), outdoor test field: mark two vacant lots in the countryside, Suzhou City, one is the blank group, and another piece evenly is tiled on the vacant lot after above-mentioned seawood meal and soil are mixed thoroughly, only needs very thin one deck (0.1～0.3 centimetre), two vacant lots all sprinkle highdensity grass-seed then, sprinkle water one time.After 3 months, observing effect is referring to accompanying drawing 1, we can see from photo is clear, add the tangleweed powder and want high 3.5～4 times as the average height of the experimental group grass (right-hand part) of plant growth regulator than blank group (left side), growing state is obviously good, has remarkable result.Personnel are doing on-the-spot the evaluation in the photo.
(2), laboratory spinach planting experiment: experimental group is that the blob of viscose that extract is made is embedded in spinach root in the soil, control group then as usual with the spinach kind in the basin that contains general soil fertilizer, after one week, the spinach of experimental group is than exceed 1～2 centimetre of control group, and growing way is fine, and blade is also wideer than the control group.Then experimental group and control group spinach are carried out the mensuration of blade sections observation and chlorophyll content respectively, the spinach blade cell of finding experimental group there is no anormogenesis, chlorophyll content is also normal, therefore having reached intended purposes, promptly is to promote plant to grow fast on the basis of plant normal growth.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the integral body contrast effect photo of outdoor test of the present invention field blank group grass and experimental group grass.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: a kind of marine alga is as the new purposes of plant growth regulator, with full algae a kind of in fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts in the tangleweed or the sargassum plant, algae powder or plant growing kinetin extract as plant growth regulator, the application in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation.
In the above-mentioned application mode:
1, is directly embedded in plant roots at the bottom of as plant growth regulator above-mentioned full algae or plant is wrapped root.
2, above-mentioned algae powder is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or tile at plant root.Wherein, the technological process of production of seawood meal:
Fresh marine alga → fresh water bubble is washed → drying → pulverizing → seawood meal.
The favorable season of gathering wild tangleweed is that early summer is to autumn.Fresh marine alga must be cleaned; It is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with the fresh water bubble during cleaning, each half an hour; Dry or dry behind the drop water purification; About dropping to 13%, water content can pulverize; Preferably adopt the secondary comminuting method: the first step is ground into larger particles, and then is ground into the smalls shape.
3, above-mentioned plant growing kinetin extract is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or use in plant root tiling.Described plant growing kinetin extract comprises cytokinin, auximone, class auximone, betain.
Can adopt following method (also can adopt existing known other method) about the extraction of seaweed plants growth kinetin extract:
1, the processing of raw material
With attrition mill fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts is milled to 0.5cm length, removes molecule with 100 mesh sieves sieve.
2, extract preceding processing (processing of discoloring)
Take by weighing 20.00 grams earlier and grind sample when extracting, put into the 2L beaker, to wash twice from the beginning, add 1% formalin 300ml then, soaking at room temperature 14～24h (generally to get final product about 14h) filters, and the algae piece respectively washs once with running water and distilled water.
3, heating is extracted
Discolor to add on 1% sodium carbonate liquor 1L (10g Carbon Dioxide sodium solution is in 10L distilled water) the discharge stove in the algae piece after handling and constantly stir with the speed of electric mixer with per minute 350 commentaries on classics, regulate temperature in 70～75 ℃ (being generally 73 ± 3 ℃) heating 1h, then with the individual layer filtered through gauze, if can suitably add the dilution earlier of 300～400ml water when the colloidal sol viscosity is too big and then filter.Dregs after the filtration are extruded gently with glass bar.Add 1% sodium carbonate liquor 600ml in the dregs, same temperature is carried out the heating second time and is extracted 1h, same spline filter.Dregs add 0.5% sodium carbonate liquor 500ml again, and same temperature is extracted 0.5h, filter, and use manual squeeze at last, and glue is flowed out as far as possible.Three filtrates are merged, with Buchner funnel with glass fiber succeeded by the cotton filtration of bleeding.The thick solution of sodium alginate of gained is khaki, and concentration is approximately about 0.2%, and major part is a water, still contains Na in addition
2CO
3, pigment, crude protein and various water soluble salt so must concentrate and make with extra care through following step.
4, acid cure is poly-
Slowly inject watery hydrochloric acid (3: 10, proportion is about 1.05) from buret in thick colloidal sol and constantly stir simultaneously, alginic acid is frozen into gel gradually and floats to liquid level, be glassy yelloe to clear liquid down and be terminal point, this moment solution pH between 1.4～2.0.With gauze gel is leached, it is inferior to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth with distilled water, acid that flush away is unnecessary and inorganic salts.
5, alkali dissolving
Gel after the washing is moved in the beaker of 1L, add 100ml water, stir, gel is fully absorbed water, one side is injected 80ml 2%NaOH solution then, fully stirs the back room temperature and places a night, and gel can all be dissolved as sodium salt.This moment is dense because of colloid, and unusual thickness will notice that all little gel pieces all must dissolve fully.
6, dehydration and dry
Treat to dissolve fully the back and inject 85% about 1.5 times ethanol of its volume, fully stir, sodium salt floats through being dehydrated into flocculent deposit.A large amount of pigments and residue aqueous slkali are dissolved in the ethanol.Place 1h, precipitation is leached, embathe twice with 300ml 50% ethanol, about at every turn 1h, purpose is the alkali that flush away mixes up of trying one's best.Unnecessary ethanol is removed in extrusion then, is torn into fibrously, puts in the glass dish, puts into 30 ℃ of vacuum drying wares with CaCl
2Make desiccant and find time a dry night, promptly get faint yellow fibrous algae powder to white.
Embodiment two: a kind of marine alga is as the new purposes of plant growth regulator, with full algae, algae powder or the plant growing kinetin extract of fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts in the tangleweed and sargassum two plant species as plant growth regulator, the application in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation.
In the above-mentioned application mode:
1, is directly embedded in plant roots at the bottom of as plant growth regulator above-mentioned full algae or plant is wrapped root.
2, above-mentioned algae powder is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or tile at plant root.Wherein, the technological process of production of seawood meal, identical with embodiment one, but wherein the marine alga of different cultivars evenly mixes after adopting classification to pulverize again, to regulate the nutrient component of seawood meal.
3, above-mentioned plant growing kinetin extract is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or use in plant root tiling.Described plant growing kinetin extract comprises cytokinin, auximone, class auximone, betain.
The extracting method of extract: fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts and sargassum are mixed with the ratio of 1: 1 (M/M), blend, oven dry, below step identical with extracting method among the embodiment one.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of marine alga is as the new purposes of plant growth regulator, it is characterized in that: with one or more full algae, algae powder or plant growing kinetin extract in the Gracilaria plant in the tangleweed as plant growth regulator, the application in nursery stock cultivation, fruit growing and laboratory plant cultivation.
2, marine alga according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the new purposes of plant growth regulator: above-mentioned plant growing kinetin extract comprises cytokinin, auximone, class auximone, betain.
3, marine alga according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the new purposes of plant growth regulator: be directly embedded in plant roots at the bottom of as plant growth regulator one or more full algae in the Gracilaria plant in the tangleweed or plant is wrapped root.
4, marine alga according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the new purposes of plant growth regulator: one or more algae powder in the Gracilaria plant in the tangleweed is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or tile at plant root.
5, marine alga according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the new purposes of plant growth regulator: one or more plant growing kinetin extract in the Gracilaria plant in the tangleweed is mixed soil as plant growth regulator or use in plant root tiling.
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| CN 200510038823 CN1290417C (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2005-04-07 | Purpose of sea weed as plant growth regulator |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20120079067A (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2012-07-11 | 트리프리 바이오메스 솔루션스, 인코포레이티드 | Methods for vegetative propagation of grass plants |
| CN102826906B (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-04-16 | 广东植物龙生物技术有限公司 | Composition comprising seaweed fertilizer and brassinolide |
| FR3025699B1 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2017-11-03 | Laboratoires Goemar | CONCENTRATED ALGAE EXTRACT, PROCESS FOR PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF IN AGRICULTURE |
| CN107141142A (en) * | 2017-07-08 | 2017-09-08 | 潮州市东饶科技有限公司 | A kind of method that utilization marine resources prepare fertilizer |
| CN108353938A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-03 | 金华市胤宏农业科技有限公司 | Promote the conditioning agent of peach result |
| TW202128979A (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-08-01 | 模里西斯商Ｕｐｌ股份有限公司 | Concentrated algal extract |
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