CN1286631C - 耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法及其产品 - Google Patents
耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法及其产品 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/66—Cooling by refrigerant introduced into the blown article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/783—Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure
- B29C2049/7831—Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure characterised by pressure values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/783—Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure
- B29C2049/7832—Blowing with two or more pressure levels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/786—Temperature
- B29C2049/7864—Temperature of the mould
- B29C2049/78645—Temperature of the mould characterised by temperature values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/786—Temperature
- B29C2049/7866—Temperature of the blowing medium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/6604—Thermal conditioning of the blown article
- B29C49/6605—Heating the article, e.g. for hot fill
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种双向拉伸耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法及其产品。该方法是先制作瓶坯,加热瓶坯,在模具中双向拉伸瓶坯,将拉伸后的瓶子保持在模具中,往瓶子内腔吹入160~240℃的热气加热0.5~5秒后,吹入低于100℃冷气,瓶子冷却至100℃以下时开模取瓶,其中热气压力0.5~4.0Mpa,冷气压力2.5~3.0Mpa,模具温度60~100℃。利用该方法可使聚酯瓶获得最佳的结晶和定型效果,提高聚酯瓶耐热性,使聚酯瓶的热灌装温度提高到115℃,且不出现粘模现象,提高了生产效率,降低生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种塑料成型加工方法及其产品,特别是双向拉伸聚酯瓶的制造方法及其产品。
背景技术
双向拉伸方法吹制热灌装用的聚酯瓶是以PET、PEN或其共混物为原料,由注塑机注塑成瓶坯,瓶坯经加热软化后放入模具中进行双向拉伸吹塑,再把吹塑成型后的瓶子保持在加热的模具中进行热结晶。
现有方法中,对瓶子进行热结晶是将模具加热到130~160℃,瓶子贴紧模具升温而获得一定的结晶度。该方法存在这样的缺陷:使用高于130℃的模具,会使某些低分子物质及分解物析出并粘附于模具,模具需经常清洗,当模温达到150~160℃,每隔2~3小时需要清洗模具一次。更高的模温将使瓶子的热量难以被带走,开模后难以避免瓶子变形,所以最高模温一般只能160℃左右,吹成的瓶子耐热性一般最高只能达到96℃。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺陷,提供一种高结晶度的聚酯瓶生产方法,利用该方法可使聚酯瓶的耐热性提高到115℃。
本发明方法是先制作瓶坯,加热瓶坯,在模具中双向拉伸瓶坯,将双向拉伸后的瓶子保持在模具中,往瓶子内腔吹入高于180℃并且低于或等于240℃的热气加热0.5~5秒后,吹入低于100℃冷气,瓶子冷却至100℃以下时开模取瓶。
本方法中,模具最好适当加热,以减少瓶子与模具之间的温度梯度,模具温度最好保持60~100℃,优选是80~90℃。
吹入瓶子内腔的热气温度最好不超过瓶坯所用聚酯材料的熔点243~260℃,便于生产过程的操作及控制,最好低于所用聚酯材料的熔点20℃以下,采用温度较低的热气,加热时间应稍长,为有利于生产效率,热气温度最好为170~230℃,优选是200~230℃,更优选是200~220℃。
本发明中,热气可以采用加热的压缩空气或惰性气体。
热气应保持有0.5~4.0Mpa的压力,较好是2.5~3.0Mpa。热气加热时间最好是1~3秒。
本方法中,冷却用的冷气可使用常温或制冷的压缩空气。在向瓶子通入冷气降温阶段,瓶子温度降至100℃之前,冷气压力最好保持2.5~3.0Mpa,以免瓶子收缩变形。
本方法适用的材料可以是吹瓶级均聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,或对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和乙二醇共聚物,或者是加入改性助剂的PET、PEN材料或其共混物。
本方法所用的瓶坯,可以是单层树脂层注塑成型的单层管,也可以是多层树脂层共注塑成型的多层管。
本发明中,在对瓶坯进行拉伸吹塑之前,最好先对瓶口部位作热结晶处理,以免在吹热气过程发生变形。应作结晶处理的瓶口部位包括螺纹口、受力环及其以下3~6毫米在吹瓶过程中尺寸没有改变的部分,其结晶度最好达到50~52%。
本发明与现有成型方法相比,具有下述优点:
1.本方法使瓶子内壁受热升温,快速达到所需的结晶度,生产的聚酯瓶具有较高的耐热性,热灌装温度可达115℃,且具有较好的气体阻隔性;采用均聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯时,最高耐热性可达120℃,从而开拓了聚酯瓶的新应用,如牛奶瓶、蒸煮瓶等。
2.模具温度低,不出现粘模现象;瓶子降温速度快,因而提高了生产效率,降低生产成本。
3.瓶子结晶定型性好,瓶子可放置更长时间而保持成型时的耐热性;
4.当所需的耐热性为90℃以下时,瓶子的重量可大大减少,如用现有方法,500ml瓶的重量不少于32克,而用本方法,重量可减少至26克。
具体实施方式
后面列出的表格是应用本发明方法吹制聚酯瓶的实施例的工艺参数和相应制得聚酯瓶的理化参数。
实施例中,吹制方法可概括为:注塑成型瓶坯—瓶口热结晶处理—红外线加热瓶坯—双向拉伸瓶坯(预吹)—吹热气热结晶瓶子—冷气冷却—开模,完成一个吹瓶周期。
在双向拉伸瓶坯之前,对瓶口及受力环以下约4毫米的部分进行热结晶。
模具保持在85℃左右。加工过程模具可能吸热升温,需要适当降温。
经过红外线加热***的瓶坯先进行预吹:将瓶坯放入模具中,由机械方式开始纵向拉伸瓶坯后,通入预吹气横向拉伸。预吹气的温度约80℃,压力约1.0Mpa。
实施例中,瓶坯为圆筒形,重量32克,吹制后成为容量为500ml的圆瓶。拉伸时,瓶口及受力环以下约4毫米的部分拉伸时尺寸没有改变。瓶颈下方约4毫米以下被拉伸的部分,其直径拉伸比为2.4倍,高度拉伸比为2.3倍。
预吹后,向瓶子内腔通入加热的压缩空气,压力3.0Mpa左右,温度和吹热气时间如表中所示。吹热气时,用限压阀放气使热气处于流动状态,有利于热交换。
吹热气后,向瓶子内腔通入常温压缩空气,压力在3.0Mpa左右,并使压缩空气处于流动状态。冷却2秒后,瓶子温度一般会降到100℃以下,这时可打开模具,取下成型的瓶子。
本方法连续生产5天后,模具仍保持清洁,不出现粘模现象。
将各工艺参数制得的瓶子灌装表中所列温度的石蜡油,然后测定其体积缩小情况。从表中可以看到,115℃下热灌装时瓶子的收缩率小于标准使用要求3%的水准,因此,由本方法制得的聚酯瓶可适用于115℃下的热灌装。
热气温度(℃) | 吹热气压力(MPa) | 吹热气时间(秒) | 吹冷气时间(秒) | 100℃收缩率(%) | 105℃收缩率(%) | 110℃收缩率(%) | 115℃收缩率(%) |
180 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.01 | 2.20 | 2.30 | 2.60 |
180 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.97 | 2.12 | 2.20 | 2.40 |
220 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 2 | 1.92 | 2.10 | 2.18 | 2.22 |
220 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.90 | 2.08 | 2.15 | 2.20 |
230 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 2 | 1.88 | 1.98 | 2.12 | 2.18 |
230 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 2 | 1.85 | 1.90 | 2.08 | 2.14 |
Claims (10)
1.一种耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,先制作瓶坯,加热瓶坯,在模具中双向拉伸瓶坯,其特征在于,将双向拉伸后的瓶子保持在模具中,往瓶子内腔吹入高于180℃并且低于或等于240℃的热气加热0.5~5秒后,吹入低于100℃冷气,瓶子冷却至100℃以下时开模取瓶。
2.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述模具模温保持60~100℃。
3.根据权利要求2所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述模具模温保持80~90℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述热气温度为200~230℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述热气加热时间1~3秒。
6.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述热气在瓶子内腔保持有0.5~4.0Mpa的压力。
7.根据权利要求6所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述热气在瓶子内腔保持有2.5~3.0Mpa的压力。
8.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,在瓶子温度降至100℃之前,冷气压力保持2.5~3.0Mpa。
9.根据权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法,其特征在于,所述冷气为常温空气或制冷空气。
10.依权利要求1所述耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法制得的聚酯瓶。
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CN03114345.8A CN1286631C (zh) | 2003-04-25 | 2003-04-25 | 耐高温聚酯瓶的制造方法及其产品 |
PCT/CN2004/000389 WO2004096525A1 (fr) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-23 | Procede de fabrication de bouteilles en polyester resistant a la chaleur et produits fabriques selon ce procede |
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ITBO20060499A1 (it) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-12-30 | Techne Technipack Engineering | Procedimento ed apparato per diminuire i tempi di ciclo nelle macchine per la produzione di manufatti in materia termoplastica col processo della termoformatura per soffiaggio |
CN101508171B (zh) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南千山制药机械股份有限公司 | 减少大输液pp瓶在后续高温灭菌过程中变形的方法 |
CN101961913A (zh) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-02-02 | 乌鲁木齐华佳成医药包装有限公司 | 低气压吹制聚丙烯输液瓶工艺 |
CN107953539A (zh) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-04-24 | 中山市邦信电子科技发展有限公司 | 一种全自动吹塑成型机及其进气方式 |
CN114467897A (zh) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州瑞亨塑胶制品有限公司 | 一种透明电热蚊香液瓶体加工制作方法 |
CN114919154A (zh) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-19 | 苏州瑞亨塑胶制品有限公司 | 一种电热蚊香液瓶体加工成型工艺 |
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SE7411960L (sv) * | 1974-09-24 | 1976-03-25 | Fabriker As Haustrups | Sett att framstella behallare sasom flaskor eller burkar av polyester |
GB1474044A (en) * | 1974-12-03 | 1977-05-18 | Ici Ltd | Plastics container manufacture |
JPS63280615A (ja) * | 1987-05-13 | 1988-11-17 | Tokan Kogyo Co Ltd | 合成樹脂製容器の製造方法 |
US4863046A (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-09-05 | Continental Pet Technologies, Inc. | Hot fill container |
JPH01310933A (ja) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-15 | Tokan Kogyo Co Ltd | 合成樹脂製容器の製造方法 |
US6004638A (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1999-12-21 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Bottle from polyester composition and process for producing the same |
CN1223196A (zh) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-07-21 | 厦门市立精实业有限公司 | 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯耐热瓶(pet)成型方法 |
WO2001062471A1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | Tjandra Limanjaya | Hot fill container |
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CN1539624A (zh) | 2004-10-27 |
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