CN1286570C - Automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine - Google Patents
Automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1286570C CN1286570C CN 200410088759 CN200410088759A CN1286570C CN 1286570 C CN1286570 C CN 1286570C CN 200410088759 CN200410088759 CN 200410088759 CN 200410088759 A CN200410088759 A CN 200410088759A CN 1286570 C CN1286570 C CN 1286570C
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Abstract
The present invention provides an automatically continuous high-speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine which is composed of a turbid liquid can (1), a liquid pump (2), a centrifugal upper cover (3), a turbid liquid inlet valve (4), a central liquid spraying tube (5), an injecting hole (6), an accelerating ring (7), a sloping plate (8) of a main separating barrel, a reflowing sloping plate (9), a centrifugal protecting cover (10), a collector groove (11), a quick loading and clamping powder collecting ring (12), a quick spring and pin retainer (13), an O-shaped sealing ring (14), an accelerating disk (15), an injecting bell mouth (16), a high-speed dispersion cone (17), a centrifugal can bottom (18), a high-speed motor (22), a machine frame (23), a clear liquid tank (24), a high-speed rotating base disk (25), a clear liquid tapping valve (28), a residual liquid tapping valve (29), an anti-splash net (30), a residual liquid pumping valve (31) and a liquid pump (32). The present invention has the advantages that nanometer solid particles can be automatically separated from mother liquid and can be taken out quickly, and the clear liquid can be automatically discharged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the separation equipment technical field of nano-powder slip in the powder technology, a kind of automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine particularly is provided, be applicable to the serialization of various nano-powder slips, the centrifugation of automation.
Background technology
A solid liquid isolation technics of superfine powder slip, before more than 200 years, just in chemical engineering industry, medical treatment and pharmaceutical industry, obtained extensive use, over nearly 50 years in hydrometallurgy as the preparation ammonium tungstate, ammonium paratungstate is in the work such as ammonium paramolybdate and various metallic salt powder oxide, hydroxide powder.Equipment such as a lot of centrifugations, centrifugal filtration have been adopted.Application is more extensive in departments such as medicine, chemical industry, dyestuff, pottery, cement composite materials, we can say that centrifugal separation equipment is one of visual plant of not replacing in the The modern industry.Along with development of high-tech, particularly having entered into since the nanometer era in recent years, the technology of a lot of researchs and preparation nanometer powder occurred, be equipped with the nano-calcium carbonate powder technology as the hypergravity legal system, colloidal sol---gel method prepares multiple nanometer powder technology.The various nano level metal powder of preparation such as microemulsion method, solvent pyrolysismethod, solution oxide reducing process, spray drying process, the precipitation method, Hydrolyze method, oxide powder, hydroxide powder etc.In these technology, all run into and formed nano suspending liquid between nanoscale solids powder and mother liquor or the cleaning fluid or claim nano powder slip and precipitation---separation problem thereof.As everyone knows, as if all being precipitated out, the nano-solid particle in the nanometer slurry often needed several days even the some months time, especially to some specific granule, in certain solution almost is not precipitable powder, this phenomenon has brought very big difficulty for industrialization, the automated production of nanometer powder, thereby has caused these new and high technologies to be difficult to enter practicability and industrialization stage.Nearly 20 years literature search at the centrifugal separator of industrial use, mainly contains two classes as can be known at present
(1) be the filter net type centrifugal separator, its principle is that hydrous slurry is put into porous filter screen under the effect of high speed centrifugation power, and water passes filter screen and extracted.Pressed powder is left in the filter screen, thus reach pressed powder and moisture from purpose.This centrifugal separator has obtained being extensive use of in the mother liquor of electrolytic copper powder, nickel powder, cobalt powder, iron powder and cleaning fluid mask work.The obvious filter screen that in this centrifuge, uses, its aperture must be less than separated powder diameter, otherwise powder particle will pass filter screen and be extracted, do not reach the purpose that solid-liquid separates, as when electrolytic copper powder, the nickel powder centrifugation, because of the granularity of copper, nickel by powder is generally 30～250 μ m, so filter screen generally adopts the canvas of multilayer, or the fine groove nylon cloth of multilayer, when some above price powder centrifugation, also adopt the porous titanium foil of powder rolling, nickel foil filtering material or porous ceramic film material are as filter screen.The filter net type separation equipment close with this equipment also has the vacuum filtration machine, high pressure filter press, and the roller magnetic filter of some specific use, gas, liquid guanidine stamping press filter etc.Above-mentioned filter net type seperator uses for many years at each industrial department, occupies the very important effect of not replacing.But this filter net type seperator is then powerless when being used for separating nanometer slurry, this is because present filter screen aperture can't reach nanoscale≤100nm, the i.e. percentage of all mesh areas and the filter screen gross area of the open-work rate of filter screen in addition, be difficult to meet or exceed 35～45%, generally have only 10～18%.The open-work rate is crossed to hang down separative efficiency is sharply descended, and is easy to generate the phenomenon that mesh stops up or filtration stops fully.
(2) be small container formula centrifugal separator, its principle is with the muddy liquid of solid-liquid or other muddy liquid that need separate, be divided into aliquot, be respectively charged in the little container as in small plastic bag, bottle, the small test tube, on the centrifuge of rotation at a high speed, through rotating the powerful centrifugal force that produces at a high speed, with the different component phase of density in the container internal haze liquid, by the density size order, arrange respectively along diametric(al) successively, the component of density maximum is arranged on the maximum radius of turn of centrifuge, being arranged on the minimum radius of turn of density minimum, and other is by that analogy.This seperator is in industry extensive uses such as medicine preparation, plasma separation, ceramic, dyestuff, food, chemical industry, hydrometallurgy, cement, biological products.Its advantage is can be separated into muddy slip two-layer in small container or multilayer " feed liquid separating layer ", then small container is taken out the bed of material with liquid and precipitation again and takes out respectively and carry out postorder and handle.This seperator is not subjected to the restriction in filter screen aperture, can be used for separating the nano-solid particle.But its shortcoming is to handle a large amount of muddy slips, more can not the serialization automation solid particle be separated and with the automatic discharge centrifuge of mother liquor of clarification therefore this centrifuge, long-term can only being used in the very little industry of fractional dose with mother liquor.In the nanometer powder technology of preparing, need the turbid liquid of separation long-pending often very big general, but in the muddy liquid, the concentration of nano-solid particle is but very low above several tons, generally only account for 5～15% mass ratioes, therefore the centrifuge of this small container formula is that the utmost point is not suitable for large-scale production.Just because of this, Many researchers and the producer expect to design a kind of lower-cost equipment that can the serialization automation carries out centrifugation, a kind of new design that the application's summary of the invention proposes in order to address this problem just always for many years.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine, can be continuously, automatically with the nanoscale in nanoscale or the muddy slip of micron order, the micron order solid particle separates with mother liquor, and can continuously the mother liquor of clarification be discharged automatically, the nanometer of deposition or micron solid powder agglomates are easy to take out.
The present invention is by muddy liquid tank 1, liquid pump 2, centrifuge loam cake 3, muddy liquid feed liquor valve 4, center sparge pipe 5, spray-hole 6, intensifier ring 7, main cylinder swash plate 8, backflow swash plate 9, centrifuge protective cover tube 10, collector groove 11, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, rapid spring pin stop 13, " O " RunddichtringO 14, acceleration dish 15, spray horn mouth 16, high speed dispersion awl 17, tophan box bottom 18, electric machine main shaft hold-down nut 19, high-speed electric expreess locomotive main shaft 20, quicken disc carrier 21, high-speed electric expreess locomotive 22, frame 23, clarified solution flow container 24, high speed swivel base 25, tophan box sidewall meal outlet 26, clarified solution outlet 27, clarified solution bleeder valve 28, raffinate bleeder valve 29, splashproof net 30, raffinate drawing liquid valve 31, drawing liquid pump 32 is formed.The structure of device is put into muddy liquid tank 1 with muddy liquid to be separated as shown in Figure 1, successively high-speed electric expreess locomotive 22 is opened then.Again with muddy liquid feed liquor valve 4, open with clarified solution bleeder valve 28, open liquid pump 2, then muddy liquid is by feed liquor valve 4, center sparge pipe 5, muddy liquid sprays horn mouth 16, muddy liquid is ejected on the high speed dispersion awl 17, quicken with muddy liquid centrifugal and impelling again through the bottom surface of muddy liquid acceleration dish 15 on main cylinder sidewall and swash plate 8, under the effect of high speed centrifugation power, solid particle in the muddy liquid is (see figure 1) and being pushed on the swash plate 8 of main cylinder under powerful centrifugal force T effect on the one hand, on the other hand, main cylinder swash plate 8 can decomposite the centrifugal force T on the particle a kind of along the downward component N of the inner surface of swash plate 8 again, this component N will make each solid powder particle finally slide on the cylindrical section barrel of main cylinder bottom down, owing on this section cylinder barrel, have a lot of meal outlet 26, so powder particle can enter automatically in the powder collecting ring 12 finally.Promptly finish the separation process of a particle.If the sparge pipe 5 on top, constantly from muddy liquid tank input and when spraying muddy liquid above-mentioned separation process can continuously carry out.The clarified solution of separated electricity mainly concentrates on the outside and the main cylinder top of sparge pipe 5, when constantly injecting muddy liquid, clarified solution will be constantly along the inner surface of main cylinder swash plate 8 make progress posthumous title go out and enter quicken in the intensifier ring 7 after, outwards penetrate through penetrating hole 6 again, drop is decelerated and is pooled in the feeder 11 after reaching splashproof net 30, at last, through clarified solution outlet 27, clarified solution bleeder valve 28 enters into clarified solution flow container 24.More than two processes formed the centrifugation overall process of muddy liquid.After solid powder is filled collecting ring 12, can shut down slightly, change the powder collecting ring 12 of a sky fast, can proceed the work of centrifugation again.
The main cylinder that the present invention adopts is to be made by aluminum material or stainless steel book plate, and its inside surface roughness should be lower than 0.8 μ m.The upper opening of main cylinder, and have intensifier ring 7 and penetrate hole 6, the inclination alpha of main cylinder swash plate 8≤45 °.On the sidewall of garden, main cylinder bottom shell of column cylindrical shell, press 340～400 holes/dm
2Have φ 3～3.5mm aperture uniformly, have two wide by 3 * dark square annulus seal grooves of 2.7mm, and d3mm " O " RunddichtringO 14 is housed is used for sealing rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12 in the upper and lower edge of garden shell of column cylindrical shell.The bottom 18 of main concentrator bowl is screwed on high speed swivel base 25.High speed swivel base 25 is designed to dish type, be provided with eight pairs of rapid spring pin stops 13 uniformly on the sidewall of dish, to guarantee powder collecting ring 12 balance, stable in the high speed rotary course, not coming off also will guarantee simultaneously when loading and unloading powder collecting ring 12, can be efficient and convenient.Center sparge pipe 5 is fixed on the center of centrifuge loam cake 3, and the top of center sparge pipe 5 is provided with spring, when extracting raffinate, spring is depressed can guarantee that raffinate pumps.Center sparge pipe 5 transfixions when carrying out centrifugal work.High speed dispersion awl 17 and acceleration dish 15 are fixed on and quicken to use Bolt Connection on the disc carrier 21 and with high speed swivel base 25.Successively earlier with centrifuge loam cake 3, together take off when getting powder, take out backflow swash plate 9 again, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12 can be taken out, can install the powder collecting ring 12 of a sky simultaneously together with center sparge pipe 5.And in reverse order with back flow plate 9, loam cake 3 and core jet pipe 5 are in place, and can proceed centrifugation work.The rotating speed of high-speed electric expreess locomotive 22 is selected, and generally will decide according to the linear velocity Vt of the barrel inner radius of rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring, and is calculated as follows
D-rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring barrel internal diameter (rice) in the formula, N-high speed swivel base rotating speed (rev/min).Then N is motor speed when motor shaft directly drives the high speed swivel base.Vt should 〉=30 meter per seconds when the particle diameter of solids 〉=80nm, and Vt should 〉=45 meter per seconds when the particle diameter of solids≤80nm.And Vt is bigger, and disengaging time is shorter, and efficient is higher.
Rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, handling muddy liquid on a large scale for the industrialization serialization designs, it is shaped as the hollow box of a ring-type, the medial surface opening, the medial surface of upper and lower two gardens ring and two sealing rings of main cylinder form and compress sealing state, to guarantee no leakage body when rotating at a high speed.The outside of rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12 is processed with eight pairs, barb-shaped hole clipping tongue is just in time blocked by rapid spring pin stop 13, to guarantee that one-time-reach-place is stuck when press-fiting fast downwards, to prevent that powder collecting ring 12 makes progress and deviates to cause danger when rotating at a high speed.When taking out powder collecting ring 12, only need eight pairs, rapid spring pin stop 13 is opened and is Chang Kaizhuan and can takes out powder collecting ring 12, if when again the powder collecting ring 12 of a sky being installed, need earlier eight pairs of rapid spring pin stops to be put into normally off, get final product pressing downward to behind the powder collecting ring 12 alignment springs pin stops 13 then.When design is miniature when being the main cylinder of nominal volume≤400ml, can not design 12 and 13.And on the sidewall of main cylinder lower cylindrical section cylindrical shell, also do not open flour opening solid powder particle 26 this moment and will stick on the sidewall of cylindrical section cylindrical shell, can reach solid-liquid equally and separate and the automatic drain function.This centrifugal separator is applicable to the centrifugation work greater than any nano particle muddiness of mother liquor, suspension, emulsion of various nanoscale solid state powder suspension slips or density.For example: nano-oxide, carbide, nitride, boride powder, ceramic powder, intermetallic compound powder, the centrifugation work of the muddy liquid of cement flour, ore in sand form powder, abrasive powder, dyestuff powder, beverage powder etc.
Working media is liquid or the mother liquor of preparation during nanometer powder, and described liquid is: at least a in distilled water, deionized water, absolute alcohol, industrial alcohol, kerosene, gasoline, glycerine, vegetable oil, acetone, the toluene; Described mother liquor is: sulfur-bearing acid group SO
4 -2, nitrate anion NO
3 -1, or OH
-1At least a in radical ion and other organic acids.
In case of necessity, add 1/1000～1/10000 particle dispersants in working media, dispersant is: nano metal or nano-metal-oxide dispersant SD, micron particles dispersant such as tannic acid, isobutanol, sodium pyrophosphate, at least a in the cyclohexanone.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) from production equipment and technical provide a kind of can serialization, automation with the muddy liquid of nanoscale micron order, its application prospect of device of suspension, the automatic centrifugation of emulsion is very wide.
(2) do not adopt filter screen or small container, easy and simple to handle saving time, the loss of material rate is little.
(3) there are not external filter screen and small container pollution problem.Be not only applicable to various micron orders and consolidate-the muddy liquid separation of liquid, be applicable to that more nanoscale is solid---the quick mask work of liquid suspension.Also be that research is solid---the reaction of liquid hypergravity, and the special equipment of preparation functionally gradient material (FGM).
(4) be applicable to that the various solid-liquid under the research hypergravity condition reacts, and the special equipment of preparation functionally gradient material (FGM).
(5) be one of preparation in the nanometer technology in modern age, separation, the various nanometer powder most important equipment of cleaning.As prepare nano-silver powder, nickel powder, copper powder, cobalt powder, Fe
2O
3Powder, extraordinary nanometer ZrO
2, TiO
2, Al
2O
3And nanometer cladding alloy powder etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention, wherein muddy liquid tank 1, liquid pump 2, centrifuge loam cake 3, muddy liquid feed liquor valve 4, center sparge pipe 5, spray-hole 6, intensifier ring 7, main cylinder swash plate 8, backflow swash plate 9, centrifuge protective cover tube 10, collector groove 11, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, rapid spring pin stop 13, " O " RunddichtringO 14, acceleration dish 15, spray horn mouth 16, high speed dispersion awl 17, tophan box bottom 18, electric machine main shaft hold-down nut 19, high-speed electric expreess locomotive main shaft 20, quicken disc carrier 21, high-speed electric expreess locomotive 22, frame 23, clarified solution flow container 24, high speed swivel base 25, tophan box sidewall meal outlet 26, clarified solution outlet 27, clarified solution bleeder valve 28, raffinate bleeder valve 29, splashproof net 30, raffinate drawing liquid valve 31, drawing liquid pump 32.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 and effect are seen Fig. 1.
The preparation nominal volume is that the centrifugal separator of 670ml should be by following design.
1, main cylinder system is equipped with
Main cylinder is made with the centrifugal casting or the pressure casting method of commercial-purity aluminium by a, elder generation, and its garden shell of column shell portion internal diameter is the high 30mm of Ф 130mm external diameter Ф 150mm, presses 340 holes/dm on the sidewall
2Evenly offer Ф 3mm aperture, open two of 3 (wide) * 2.7 (deeply) mm seal grooves on the edge, the garden frustum drum body portion garden internal diameter 130mm that goes to the bottom, garden diameter 50mm suitable for reading, 45 ° of the gradients of swash plate 8, the main thick 10mm in cylindrical shell bottom that separates.The interior angle α of top intensifier ring 7=30 °, spray-hole 6 are φ 3m * 20 holes.
B, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, opening part, bilateral internal diameter φ 150mm, external diameter φ 200mm, side thickness 8mm evenly distributes and processes eight pairs of barb-shaped hole clippings.
The internal diameter φ 200mm of c, high speed swivel base 25, external diameter φ 220mm, the high 25mm of sidewall, bottom thickness 12mm.On sidewall, process and installed eight pairs of rapid spring pin stops 13, can mount and dismount efficiently to guarantee powder collecting ring 12.High speed swivel base 25 is with the symmetrical key connecting on centre bolt and the axle with electric machine main shaft 20.
2, the internal diameter φ 320mm of protective cover 10 is to be that the corrosion resistant plate of 3mm is made high 150mm with thickness.
3, center sparge pipe 5 is to make with the stainless steel tube of internal diameter φ 10mm external diameter φ 14mm, and spring and card are equipped with in top, can make sparge pipe 5 under pressure, drops to main knockout drum bottom, so that extract raffinate.Sparge pipe 5 is held up by spring and keeps transfixion when centrifugation.
4, the rotating speed of motor 22 determines to press following formula:
So
D-powder collecting ring barrel inside diameter D in the formula=0.2 meter.N 〉=2864 rev/min then.Vt 〉=45 meter per seconds when the particle diameter of pressed powder≤80nm, N=4297 rev/min.
5, muddy liquid feed liquor valve 4 clarified solution bleeder valves 28, raffinate bleeder valve 29, raffinate drawing liquid valve 31 generally adopts magnetic valve.And with liquid pump 2, and drawing liquid pump 32 forms self-locking, interlocked relationship on circuit, promptly high-speed electric expreess locomotive 22 is opened earlier when duty is centrifugation, and is controlled at the time relay and more muddy liquid feed liquor valve 4 is opened after motor speed reaches maximum, and clarified solution bleeder valve 28 and liquid pump 2 are opened.Meanwhile must on circuit, guarantee, raffinate bleeder valve 29, raffinate drawing liquid valve 31, drawing liquid pump 32 is in closed condition.
When shutting down, also must be controlled at after high-speed electric expreess locomotive comes to a complete stop with the time delay controller, could operate each valve and liquid pump.
Embodiment 1 effect:
Adopt the nano Cu powder of aqueous solution reduction, BET average grain diameter≤100nm, grain weight 50 grams, by the Cu powder: absolute alcohol=mass ratio was made nano Cu powder muddiness liquid with nano Cu powder and absolute alcohol stirring after one hour in 1: 10.Put into muddy liquid tank 1, start centrifugal separator in operation sequence, rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins, centrifugal 5,10,15,20,25,30,35 minutes respectively, after different time is centrifugal, respectively raffinate is extracted out, and in rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, taken out the copper nanoparticle slip, vacuum 30Pa, 75 ℃ of dryings 1.5 hours, the copper nanoparticle weight of measuring centrifugation gained in the different time with accurate Libra respectively sees Table 1, and presses following formula
K=W
1/ W
0100% calculates casting yield.
W in the formula
0The copper nanoparticle of-adding heavy (gram)
W
1-isolated copper powder weight (gram)
The centrifugal effect of the muddy liquid of table 1 nano Cu powder
| Centrifugation time (branch) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 |
| Gained nano Cu powder weight (gram) | 38.782 | 45.481 | 47.980 | 48.970 | 49.910 | 49.985 | 49.996 |
| Casting yield K (%) | 77.56 | 90.96 | 95.96 | 97.94 | 99.82 | 99.92 | 99.992 |
As shown in Table 1, after centrifugal 10 minutes, existing 90.96% copper nanoparticle is separated muddy liquid, and when disengaging time extended to 30 minutes, existing 99.92% copper nanoparticle was separated muddy liquid.When disengaging time extends to 35 timesharing, though having, casting yield increases seldom, illustrating has not had copper powder particle basically in the clarified solution.
Embodiment 2 and effect
The preparation nominal volume is that 11.75 liters centrifugal separator should be by following design.
1, main cylinder system is equipped with
Main cylinder is made with the centrifugal casting or the pressure casting method of commercial-purity aluminium by a, elder generation, and its garden shell of column shell portion internal diameter is the high 60mm of Ф 356mm external diameter Ф 376mm, presses 340 holes/dm on the sidewall
2Evenly offer Ф 3mm aperture, open two of 3 (wide) * 2.7 (deeply) mm seal grooves on the edge, the garden frustum drum body portion garden internal diameter 356mm that goes to the bottom, garden diameter 100mm suitable for reading, 45 ° of the gradients of swash plate 8, the main thick 14mm in cylindrical shell bottom that separates.The interior angle α of top intensifier ring 7=30 ° of spray-holes 6 are φ 3m * 30 holes.
B, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, opening part, bilateral internal diameter φ 376mm, external diameter φ 470mm, side thickness 12mm evenly distributes and processes eight pairs of barb-shaped hole clippings.
The internal diameter φ 470mm of c, high speed swivel base 25, external diameter φ 496mm, the high 65mm of sidewall, bottom thickness 14mm.On sidewall, process and install eight pairs of rapid spring pin stops 13, can mount and dismount efficiently to guarantee powder collecting ring 12.High speed swivel base 25 is with the symmetrical key connecting on centre bolt and the axle with electric machine main shaft 20.
2, the internal diameter φ 630mm of protective cover 10 is to be that the corrosion resistant plate of 3mm is made high 255mm with thickness.
3, center sparge pipe 5 is to make with the stainless steel tube of internal diameter φ 20mm external diameter φ 24mm, and spring and card are equipped with in top, can make sparge pipe 5 under pressure, drops to main knockout drum bottom, so that extract raffinate.Sparge pipe 5 is held up by spring and keeps transfixion when centrifugation.
4, the rotating speed of motor 22 determines to press following formula:
So
D-powder collecting ring barrel inside diameter D in the formula=0.44 meter.N 〉=1302 rev/min then.Vt 〉=45 meter per seconds when the particle diameter of pressed powder≤80nm, N=1953 rev/min.
5, with embodiment 1 in 5 identical
Embodiment 2 effects:
Adopt the nano Cu powder of aqueous solution reduction, BET average grain diameter≤100nm, grain weight 1000 grams, by the Cu powder: absolute alcohol=mass ratio was made nano Cu powder muddiness liquid with nano Cu powder and absolute alcohol stirring after one hour in 1: 10.Put into muddy liquid tank 1, starting the centrifugal separator rotating speed in operation sequence is 2860 rev/mins, the Vt=65.88 meter per second of powder collecting ring, centrifugal 5,10,15,20,25,30,35 minutes respectively, after different time is centrifugal, respectively raffinate is extracted out, and in rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring 12, taken out the copper nanoparticle slip, vacuum 30Pa, 75 ℃ of dryings 1.5 hours, the copper nanoparticle weight of measuring centrifugation gained in the different time with accurate Libra respectively sees Table 2, and presses following formula
K=W
1/ W
0100% calculates casting yield.
W in the formula
0The copper nanoparticle of-adding heavy (gram)
W
1-isolated copper powder weight (gram)
The centrifugal effect of the muddy liquid of table 2 nano Cu powder
| Centrifugation time (branch) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 |
| Gained nano Cu powder heavy (gram) | 851.316 | 942.140 | 990.281 | 998.902 | 999.960 | 999.990 | 999.993 |
| Casting yield K (%) | 85.132 | 94.200 | 99.030 | 99.890 | 99.996 | 99.999 | 99.999 |
As shown in Table 2, after centrifugal 10 minutes, existing 94.2% copper nanoparticle is separated muddy liquid, and when disengaging time extended to 25 minutes, existing 99.99% copper nanoparticle was separated muddy liquid.When disengaging time extends to 30 timesharing, though having, casting yield increases seldom, illustrating has not had copper powder particle basically in the clarified solution.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine is characterized in that: by muddy liquid tank (1), liquid pump (2), centrifuge loam cake (3), muddy liquid feed liquor valve (4), center sparge pipe (5), spray-hole (6), intensifier ring (7), main cylinder swash plate (8), backflow swash plate (9), centrifuge protective cover tube (10), collector groove (11), rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring (12), rapid spring pin stop (13), " O " RunddichtringO (14), acceleration dish (15), spray horn mouth (16), high speed dispersion awl (17), tophan box bottom (18), electric machine main shaft hold-down nut (19), high-speed electric expreess locomotive main shaft (20), quicken disc carrier (21), high-speed electric expreess locomotive (22), frame (23), clarified solution flow container (24), high speed swivel base (25), tophan box sidewall meal outlet (26), clarified solution outlet (27), clarified solution bleeder valve (28), raffinate bleeder valve (29), splashproof net (30), raffinate drawing liquid valve (31), drawing liquid pump (32) is formed; Solid particle in the muddy liquid is being pushed under the powerful centrifugal force T effect on the swash plate (8) of main cylinder, swash plate (8) can decomposite T power a kind of along the downward component N of swash plate (8) inner surface again, this power N can make and slide under each particle in the powder collecting ring (12), promptly finishes the centrifugation work of a particle; The clarified solution that is separated upwards overflows and enters intensifier ring (7) along the inner surface of swash plate (8), penetrates from penetrating hole (6) after quickening, and finishes separating automatically of clarified solution and solid particle.
2, according to the described seperator of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
A, main separation cylindrical shell are to make with the centrifugal casting part or the die casting of aluminium; Or form with stainless sheet steel punching press, spinning, its cylindrical section cylindrical shell is surveyed on wall and is had meal outlet (26), and by 300～340 holes/dm
2Design;
B, rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring (12) are designed to its external diameter of toroidal container of inner opening formula and the pass of rotating speed is D 〉=60Vt/ π N, Vt-linear velocity, N-rotating speed in the formula, and when solid powder/particle footpath 〉=80nm, vt 〉=30 meter per seconds; When solid powder/particle footpath≤80nm, Vt 〉=45 meter per seconds;
C, high speed swivel base are designed to dish type, and sidewall is equipped with rapid spring pin stop (13), can guarantee rapid-mounted formula powder collecting ring (12) loading, unloading fast;
D, protective cover (10) are to make with δ=3mm corrosion resistant plate, which is provided with center sparge pipe (5), splashproof net (30), backflow swash plate (9), clarified solution collector groove (11) and handle; The bottom of protective cover (10) is fixedly connected with flange and frame (23).
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described seperators, it is characterized in that: working media is liquid or the mother liquor of preparation during nanometer powder, and described liquid is: at least a in distilled water, deionized water, absolute alcohol, industrial alcohol, kerosene, gasoline, glycerine, vegetable oil, acetone, the toluene; Described mother liquor is: sulfur-bearing acid group SO
4 -2, nitrate anion NO
3 -1, or OH
-1At least a in radical ion and other organic acids.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 described seperators, it is characterized in that: this machine is vertical or the horizontal state design and use.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 described seperators, it is characterized in that: this machine is totally-enclosed or inflatable, the design and use of vacuum state.
6, according to the described seperator of claim 4, it is characterized in that: this machine is totally-enclosed or inflatable, the design and use of vacuum state.
7, according to the described seperator of claim 3, it is characterized in that: in working media, add 1/1000～1/10000 particle dispersants, dispersant is: nano metal or nano-metal-oxide dispersant SD, the micron particles dispersant is a tannic acid, isobutanol, sodium pyrophosphate, at least a in the cyclohexanone.
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| CN 200410088759 CN1286570C (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2004-11-03 | Automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410088759 CN1286570C (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2004-11-03 | Automatic continuous high speed industrial nanometer powder separating machine |
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| CN1608739A CN1608739A (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| CN1286570C true CN1286570C (en) | 2006-11-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103357511B (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2016-03-09 | 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 | Gas cleaning separator |
| CN102553730B (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-03 | 江苏华大离心机制造有限公司 | Centrifuge drum and vertical centrifuge |
| CN102583601B (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-07-24 | 刘力学 | Multifunctional butterfly stroke type solid-liquid separator |
| CN102949870B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-02-04 | 占行波 | Liquid purification separator |
-
2004
- 2004-11-03 CN CN 200410088759 patent/CN1286570C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1608739A (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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