CN1285901A

CN1285901A - Shock transmission unit

Info

Publication number: CN1285901A
Application number: CN98813144A
Authority: CN
Inventors: N·H·汤森
Original assignee: Colebrand Ltd
Current assignee: Colebrand Ltd
Priority date: 1997-12-16
Filing date: 1998-12-16
Publication date: 2001-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-16
Also published as: AU1571999A; TW455653B; WO1999031404A1; EP1040283A1; CN1118645C

Abstract

A shock transmission unit has a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, dilatant material within the cylinder on either side of the head of the piston, and a valve operable to control the passage of the dilatant material within the cylinder from one side of the piston head to the other. The valve may be responsive to temperature, in order to compensate for the change in viscosity of the dilatant material with temperature. The valve may be responsive to the pressure differential across the piston head, allowing passage of the dilatent material from one side of the head to the other in response to a pressure differential below a given threshold.

Description

Shock transmission unit

A kind of shock transmission unit that moves between two power transmission regions (STU), it comprises a piston and hydraulic cylinder unit, has the space that holds cohesive material on the piston both sides.A kind of cohesive material of special form is the dilatancy material, and it is a non-newtonian substance, that is viscosity is relevant with shear rate.Its viscosity increases and increases along with shear rate, and it is high more that it is stirred viscosity more.Under a certain shear rate, this dilatancy material is solidified effectively.This should not obscured with thixotropic material (its viscosity reduced with the time that shearing acted on) or flow resistance material (its viscosity increased with the time that shearing acted on).

On this piston and hydraulic cylinder unit, the closed end of a power transmission region at oil hydraulic cylinder arranged, another power transmission region is then at the piston end that extends from oil hydraulic cylinder.If cohesive material can not overflow by piston, then this element is by secure lock, and active force is transmitted at this element two ends and not loss.If material can be spilled over to the other end by the end from piston in oil hydraulic cylinder, then between power that acts on the power transmission region and power, will have some transmission losses, in oil hydraulic cylinder because moving of cohesive material will allow piston to move by the other end transmission.

Cohesive material takes place through the mobile speed that increases along with service load of piston.Therefore, a continuous loading causes piston to move through this material, arrives the limit that can utilize stroke until it.The present invention is with to guarantee that piston only moves through the problem of cohesive material under the continuous loading situation less than given critical value relevant.The normal heat that this critical value can be set in this structure moves the load place that is applied, and makes this STU protected.As present imagination, the invention provides a kind of shock transmission unit, it comprises that an oil hydraulic cylinder, is at the piston in the oil hydraulic cylinder, in the oil hydraulic cylinder and at the dilatancy material of piston crown both sides and can operate control dilatancy material leads to opposite side from a side of piston crown in oil hydraulic cylinder valve.

This valve can comprise a hollow cylindrical valve part, its removable turnover extends through the cylindrical hole of piston, this valve part has the end away from the piston that is closed, an and passage that passes the cylindrical wall of contiguous this closed end, when closed end leaves piston wall, to allow cohesive material by this passage and valve hole, this valve part is biased and towards its open position.When cohesive material reaches a given maximum rate via valve to the valve hole, this valve will be closed, because the pressure difference of valve closed end surpasses the biasing force that it is stayed open.This hollow cylindrical valve part can be placed on the arbitrary end by the cylindrical hole of piston, so that bidirectional operation.A plurality of cylindrical holes can be set on piston, and each hole has a cylindrical valve spare.

Dilatancy material rate travel also is decided by its viscosity, and it is with temperature change.For a STU who as far as possible at the uniform velocity works when the temperature change is provided, but this valve corresponding temperature and adjusting.This valve can expand to the dilatancy material volume and react, and preferably can isolate with the main body of dilatancy material.This valve can be installed in the periphery of piston, and can move radially with respect to the periphery of piston, so that the cross section of control cohesive material passage.This valve preferably comprises the piston ring part.In addition, the extensible cylinder wall of passing through of this passage.

Now, example of the present invention is described with reference to the drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a STU partial sectional view;

Fig. 2 is the planimetric map of the piston among the STU among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view along the A-A line among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the planimetric map that is used for the alternate type piston in total configuration of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view along the A-A line among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is another STU embodiment's of the present invention a partial sectional view.

In Fig. 1, oil hydraulic cylinder 1 comprises a main chamber, and the piston 2 on its axis 3 can move axially.One end of main chamber is sealed by cylinder wall 4, and the other end is sealed by a Sealing 5, and Sealing 5 is between a hole and axle 3 of oil hydraulic cylinder.One first powerful connecting head 6 is provided in the outside of wall 4, provides one second connecting head 7 at the free end of axle 3.Indoor the dilatancy material arranged at this, they are positioned at the both sides with the piston of this chamber separated into two parts 8 and 9.The middle section of piston 10 is formed with a hole 11, and the axle 3 of unit wherein is installed, and piston is fixed on the axle 3.The size of piston makes the gap between piston and the oil hydraulic cylinder not hinder mutually this two part.

Piston comprises the path of dilatancy material from the part of chamber to another part, and each path comprises a cylindrical hole.If all paths are closed, so any power that acts on input terminal directly is transferred to the outlet terminal of this element the other end under the situation that does not have piston to move, because the dilatancy material can not flow through piston, and material is incompressible basically.When the cross section in path was non-zero, the dilatancy material can flow between two-part of oil hydraulic cylinder, thereby because of applying the former of load thereby allowing piston to move.Existence or other situation in path depended in the reaction of unit.

Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the path that occurs with a plurality of cylindrical hole 12 forms extends through piston, from a plane to another plane.Each hole has the valve part of removable manhole appendix, and this valve part has air cylinder in, is formed with one or several aperture at the cylindrical wall place near the end, and this wall end can be given prominence to from the cylindrical hole end, and is sealed by a conical lid.

One axial screw 18 is installed in the hole on the cross-sectional wall 17 of perforation, and install one on it and outwards push the spring 16 of valve part 13 from piston, and the nuts 19 that outwards move of a limiter valve spare 13.When the load on acting on this device is very low (this situation takes place when the structure that blocking device (LUD) is installed is mobile through being heated), this LUD is in quasistatic; In this case, spring 16 is shown in an open position valve part 13.Allow the dilatancy material to flow through aperture 15 thus, arrive the hollow cylindrical part of valve part down, and, arrive the opposite side of piston via the cross-sectional wall 17 of cylindrical hole 12 with perforation.At this moment, piston assembly 2 can move in oil hydraulic cylinder, moves with the heat of regulating parent structure.When an external action when this structural power moves the power of generation greater than heat, for example a geological process is in a building structure, the bias voltage of spring 16 is overcome, this is because the pressure in the dilatancy material increases, it acts on power on the valve part greater than the power of spring, valve is slided to the cross-sectional wall 17 of perforation, thereby close aperture 15.In this case, prevent that the dilatancy material from moving by side to opposite side from one of piston, is limited in the oil hydraulic cylinder piston.Eliminate the outside load that applies the pressure in the oil hydraulic cylinder will be discharged, then open valve, recover quasistatic.

Suitably select the susceptibility of part 13-19 can regulate configuration.

The effect of this device is to allow via between connecting head 6 and 7 two main bodys that connect little relatively moving being arranged, but when a main body will move with the amplitude bigger than given critical value with respect to another main body, this STU is locked, and guarantees that the whole amplitude that a main body moves is transferred to another main body.Consider with a building structure, for example a bridge is across a mountain valley, one STU that is connected between two sheet materials of bridge will allow the little heat between these sheet materials to move, if but have earthquake to desire to make bridge floor sheet material to move in a large number, whole bridge floor will lock in aggregates, and the basis of total can be used to keep bridge floor motionless.The pressure that the value that in fact will reach much smaller than the shear rate at the dilatancy material by cylindrical hole 12 in the pressure difference on the valve closed end in the STU (valve is closed the passage of dilatancy material herein) (dilatancy material in this value time will solidify effectively) must reach before, at this point, the dilatancy material has its intrinsic value.Because these pressure are different, so need a separator valve.

Said apparatus carried out test with cohesive material, and these materials are non-dilatancy, for example silicone oil, and test is gratifying.

In the alternate type piston of Fig. 4, be formed with circular hole 23 on the piston crown 2, the axle 3 of unit wherein is installed, piston crown is fixedly mounted on the axle.One circular groove 34 extends along the periphery of piston, and two halves circular piston loop section 35 wherein is installed.Piston ring part 35 is hinged on the end 36 of piston, so that move axially turnover circular groove 34.Form a plurality of axial passages 37 in the drilled hole of piston ring part, the dilatancy material that allows when partly turning to annular groove bottom with convenient piston ring to stay between piston ring part and the circular groove bottom overflows.Wherein a passage as shown in Figure 5.Approximately be the quadrant ring and be formed in the piston head that the one end is closed, and the other end extends through the periphery of cylindrical chamber 26 to piston head with concentric two

chambers

24 and 25 of axle 3.Cylindrical chamber is installed a piston 27 for 26 li, and the hole of piston 27 relative cylinders forms one and closes sealing.One O-ring packing 41 is set on the piston 27, improving the sealing with cylinder 26, thereby the dilatancy material is remained on and the outside isolated chamber 24 of piston and 25 li.The outer end of piston forms U-shaped folder 31, and the free end 32 of piston ring part 35 is fixed on the U-shaped folder 31.Be provided with eyelet 28 at piston area on the end of chamber, it and helical spring 29 engagements that extend to the stationary anchorage 33 in chamber are with the closed end of piston 27 bias voltages to chamber.When the dilatancy material contracts in temperature falling and the chamber, helical spring 29 helps piston 27 in 26 li recoveries of cylinder.

In second volumetric expansion of first volume to the time from lower temperature time of the dilatancy material of

chamber

24 and 25 li at higher temperature, the piston 27 that its expansion driven cylinder is 26 li moves to the periphery of main piston 2, thereby make the inwall of piston ring part 35 from the outside hydraulic steering cylinder of periphery of main piston, reduce the periphery of piston and the cross section of the passage between the oil hydraulic cylinder thus, the dilatancy material can be by this passage from a side of piston 2 to opposite side.

Between the hinged end 36 of the free end 39 of piston ring part and adjacent piston ring part, a block 38 is set, passes through interlaced area to prevent the dilatancy material.

When temperature increases,, the outside rotation of piston ring part can reduce to the cross section of the passage of another part from the part of chamber owing to making the dilatancy material.The minimizing of channel cross-section can compensate because of material temperature increases the viscosity that takes place and reduce, like this, the viscosity that takes place owing to the temperature increase reduces and then makes any variation of the transmission of the power between the two end part of unit the confession material be compensated the dwindling of channel cross-section of two side shiftings of piston by this temperature increase of correspondence.With the method, by the size of suitable selection part 24-36, having found might be to the transmission of steady load, in a wide temperature range, provide a unified response such as from-25 to 40 ℃.

In Fig. 6, make the dilatancy material extend through cylinder wall 41 to the passage of opposite side, and be included in the conduit 42 and 43 in the oil hydraulic cylinder outside from an effluent of piston head 13.These conduits meet the cross section of this Inductance valve control channel at a temperature sense valve 44 places.This Inductance valve any suitable type, such as gate valve or needle-valve, Fig. 6 has shown a kind of needle-valve.The needle-like closure member 45 of this valve extends into the chamber 46 that is full of dilatancy material 47.One return spring 48 makes valve be returned to a point midway, so that the effect of resistance dilatancy material when temperature variation.

In first embodiment, the purpose that changes the connecting passage cross section is in order to be adjusted at the total flow path between the piston both sides, so that compensation viscosity changes, to the transmission of steady load, in a wide temperature range, provide a unified response such as from-25 to 40 ℃.

Claims

1. shock transmission unit comprises:

One oil hydraulic cylinder;

One piston in oil hydraulic cylinder;

The dilatancy material of the piston crown both sides in oil hydraulic cylinder; And

One valve, its can operate be controlled in the oil hydraulic cylinder, the passage from a side of piston crown to the dilatancy material of opposite side.

2. unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, but described valve response temperature and adjusting.

3. unit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described valve is to the expanded reaction of dilatancy material volume.

4. unit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the volume of described dilatancy material is isolated with the described dilatancy material in the piston crown both sides.

5. as the described unit of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described valve is installed on the periphery of described piston, and the periphery of piston moves axially relatively, control the cross section of this cohesive material passage thus.

6. unit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that valve comprises the piston ring part, described passage between piston channel and oil hydraulic cylinder,

7. unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, valve comprises that removable turnover extends through the hollow cylindrical valve part of the cylindrical hole of piston, this valve part is closed away from an end of piston, and one passage by cylindrical wall is being arranged near the closed end place, when closed end leaves the wall of piston, will allow cohesive material by passage and valve hole, this valve part is biased towards open position.

8. unit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, respectively comprises a described hollow cylindrical valve part at the cylindrical hole two ends by piston, so that bidirectional operation.

9. as claim 7 or 8 described unit, it is characterized in that be formed with many described cylindrical holes on the piston crown, each cylindrical hole has a cylindrical valve spare.

10. shock transmission unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is described with reference to the accompanying drawings basically.