CN1281083C - Correction method and device of intelligent antenna subsystem - Google Patents
Correction method and device of intelligent antenna subsystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN1281083C CN1281083C CNB011321245A CN01132124A CN1281083C CN 1281083 C CN1281083 C CN 1281083C CN B011321245 A CNB011321245 A CN B011321245A CN 01132124 A CN01132124 A CN 01132124A CN 1281083 C CN1281083 C CN 1281083C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a correction method for an intelligent antenna subsystem and a device, which is used for a frequency division duplex-broadband wideband code division multiple access system. The device of the present invention is mainly formed by connecting an intelligent antenna and a correction detection system. The correction method comprises the steps: each antenna unit in an array antenna and each cable in a feeder cable are corrected and detected in advance; transmission parameters of a coupling structure which is formed by connecting a coupler assembly and the correction detection system are singly tested in advance, and the test result is stored in the correction detection system; the system is in a normal transportation state, the transmission parameters of upstream and downstream receiving and transmitting channels of the detection system are corrected in real time, and a correction weight value is calculated and output to a baseband wave beam shaper to be weighed. The present invention has the advantages that the correction detection system and the antenna system operate in parallel and reach the correction accuracy in the whole operation frequency band, and the upstream and the downstream channels are simultaneously corrected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bearing calibration and the device of smart antenna Radio Frequency Subsystem in a kind of broadband CDMA system, particularly relate to a kind of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)--the bearing calibration and the device of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (FDD-WCDMA) system intelligence antenna base station array radio-frequency channel amplitude phase error.
Background technology
Smart antenna its essence is that with array antenna technology and advanced signal processing method be core.The basic thought of smart antenna is to have adopted the aerial array of being made up of a plurality of antenna elements (satisfying coherence between the unit) in the base station, carry out phase place and amplitude weighting by the signal that a plurality of antenna elements is received and launch, direction and shape that can the control antenna wave beam, and can form a plurality of independently wave beams a plurality of users are realized directional transmissions and reception.Thereby realize airspace filter, suppress cochannel (working carrier frequency) to greatest extent and disturb, thereby improve channel (working carrier frequency) reusability, reach and improve communication quality, increase communication distance, enlarge the purpose of system communication capacity.
But, in the intelligent antenna base station array system of reality, there are many factors that are difficult to determine to cause the inconsistent of array channel, promptly there is array error.Array error can be divided into and becomes error when becoming sum of errors when non-.Become error when non-and comprise the error of bringing as feeder line difference between the mutual coupling effect between array element geometric position difference, array element, antenna pattern difference, each array element etc. of arranging and causing by antenna, these errors do not change with the variation of environment such as temperature, can be by accurately measuring and can obtaining proofreading and correct in base band.In time, becomes error and is meant aging, the filter time delay of the amplifier phase that changes with ambient temperature, time, operating frequency between each radio-frequency channel of array and gain difference, mixing device and the inconsistent error of bringing of channel frequence response that the distortion of amplitude-frequency phase-frequency characteristic, quadrature modulation demodulator I/Q imbalance etc. cause thereof.Channel characteristic and Ideal Characteristics have than big-difference like this, really.And the performance of base band beamforming algorithm and array characteristic are closely related, and the error of array channel will influence the position at zero point and fall into zero the degree of depth and reduce the performance of algorithm.To cause the out of control of the variation of beam shape and power resource and influence systematic function.Therefore, the correction of array error is to need a key technology solving during smart antenna is realized.
In order accurately to form up received beam and downlink wave beam, just must know the performance difference of array channel in advance, perhaps know the amplitude-phase variation error of radiofrequency signal after the array channel response.In the normal operation of system, by real-time detection with calculate the correction weights of error between array channel, carry out the numerical weighted compensation at the base band Beam-former, reach the purpose of correction channel amplitude phase error.The essence of channel error on-line correction is to follow the tracks of and the compensation channels magnitude-phase characteristics, reduces the interchannel relative error to greatest extent, satisfies the requirement of uplink and downlink beamforming algorithm control precision.
The alignment technique of existing intelligent antenna array roughly has three kinds: (1) uses the method for directly measuring: promptly every cover transceiver, low noise amplifier, linear power amplifier, duplexer and antenna feeder are directly measured in advance, after the amplitude of acquisition each several part, the phase data, be coupled into one group of rectification building-out data and be recorded on the base band, when wave beam forms in advance to proofread and correct.The shortcoming of this method is the process complexity, is difficult to carry out at the scene being difficult to guarantee precision with the input coefficient service operation; (2) utilize the beacon transceiver that is in the far-field region to detect and proofread and correct and require no multipath transmisstion, real system is difficult to realize; (3) adopt continuous wave signal to carry out measurement update at tdd systems, for example; The patent documentation of the relevant WCDMA adaptive array antenna/intelligent antenna array channel correcting technical elements that retrieves in the recent period: as A) U.S. Pat 6157340:Adaptive antenna array subsystem calibration; B) U.S. Pat 6124824:Adaptive antenna array system calibration; These two patented methods that patent all is the TDD-WCDMA tdd systems, system adopt continuous wave signal to carry out measurement update.Timing, system stops transport or carries out at given time slot.
The patent documentation of the above-mentioned relevant correction that retrieves is the bearing calibration of the adaptive array antenna/intelligent antenna base station of TDD-WCDMA (time division duplex) system.But for FDD-WCDMA (Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)) system, above bearing calibration is difficult to realize the real-time online correction of intelligent antenna base station.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides out a kind of with a known features signal spread-spectrum, timesharing is injected into each transceiver passage of intelligent antenna base station array as a subscriber signal (correct detection signal) after the scrambling, and from the baseband multi-user signal, isolate known features signal behind each transceiver channel response, then with the amplitude phase error of each transceiver passage of this signal extraction, calculate the correction weights, to the correction weights that calculate to produce in advance after the checking, output to again in the Beam-former of intelligent antenna base station and be weighted, make channel characteristic reach consistent, thereby, to FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station array channel amplitude, the method that phase error is proofreaied and correct in real time.
Another technical problem solved by the invention is to propose a kind of device of realizing above-mentioned bearing calibration at FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station.
The method of the correction of intelligent antenna subsystem of the present invention, comprise: (1), before system comes into operation, 12 cables in 12 antenna elements in the aerial array and the feeder cable are proofreaied and correct test in advance, and the result is kept at intelligent antenna base station inside, characteristics are: also have (2), behind intelligent antenna subsystem and correct detection systematic connection, on independent earlier test and the correction coupled structure, the transmission coefficient CRij of descending coupling path, CTij also is stored in this correct detection system, this coupled structure system comprises the up radiofrequency signal switch (in this correct detection system) that connects with circuit successively, up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, coupler component (in this smart antenna), descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable and downlink radio-frequency signal switch, (3), start-up system, the real-time correct detection antenna system transmission coefficient Ri and the Ti (i=1 of each the transceiver passage of up-downgoing when given j working carrier frequency respectively, 2,12), the calculation correction weights are exported to the base band Beam-former and are weighted.
Proofread and correct and proofread and correct the transmission coefficient of each transceiver passage of uplink and downlink in real time and the base band Beam-former is weighted about the uplink and downlink coupling channel transmission coefficient of coupled structure is tested in advance in above-mentioned the inventive method, its step comprises:
The first step, 1), utilize vector network analyzer that coupled structure is proofreaied and correct in advance, and the transmission coefficient of coupled structure is stored in the correct detection system, 2), the real-time corrected link that is made of intelligent antenna base station Interface for digital communication between aerial array, feeder cable, coupler component, correct detection system, transmitting-receiving array, Beam-former, up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, correct detection system and intelligent antenna base station Beam-former, 3 are set), make intelligent antenna base station system be in normal operating condition;
Second goes on foot, carries out data feedback channel proofreaies and correct, 1), the correct detection system is to user's scrambler of base station protocol layer application comprises:, 2), known features signal behind detection smart antenna up all 12 collection of letters channel responses when j working carrier frequency and sampling, preservation, 3), adopt algorithm to draw the correction weights of the up channel error of respectively collecting mail when j working carrier frequency, 4), the up correction weights correctness of check, incorrectly repeat for 2 in this second step) and 3)
The 3rd goes on foot, carries out down going channel proofreaies and correct, 1), the correct detection system is to user's spreading code of base station protocol layer application comprises:, 2), known features signal behind detection smart antenna descending all 12 channel responses of posting a letter when j working carrier frequency and sampling, preservation, 3), adopt algorithm to draw the correction weights of descending each channel error when j working carrier frequency, 4), the descending correction weights correctness of check, incorrectly repeat for 2 in this 3rd step) and 3)
The 4th step, the correction weights of upstream or downstream when the given working carrier frequency are sent into Beam-former and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient, discharge the scrambler or the spreading code of application, once proofread and correct end.
In the described first step 1) comprising: the up radiofrequency signal switch in the coupled structure, downlink radio-frequency signal switch through aging and be in all the time in the isoperibol in advance, are measured the transmission coefficient of coupled structure when each working carrier frequency of uplink and downlink working frequency range in advance with vector network analyzer; And the transmission coefficient of its reception and emission has been stored in the correct detection system, the transmission coefficient of coupled structure is carried out the foundation that timing calculates as transceiver channel.
In described second step 2) comprising: up correct detection signal source is exported the signal of determining level to a known features (frequency, amplitude, phase place) signal spread-spectrum to 3.84MHz, scrambling through modulators modulate on given working carrier frequency, be injected into a certain passage of 12 collection of letters passages in the up collection of letters array that is corrected through up radiofrequency signal switch, 12 up coupling cables, coupler component; Multi-user digital signal behind this up collection of letters channel response that is corrected enters baseband digital signal switch gating by 12 corresponding digital communication interfaces and enters up detection signal separator, isolates known features signal and sampling in up correction weights generator behind this up collection of letters channel response from multi-user's composite signal, stores; Successively 12 up collection of letters passages are finished above-mentioned testing process.
In described second step 3) comprising: with the known features signal behind some collection of letters channel responses is benchmark, and the known features signal behind each channel response of collecting mail adopts algorithm to draw the correction weights of each collection of letters channel error in 12 collection of letters passages in up correction weights generator.
In described second step 4) comprising: the modulation signal that utilizes the correction weights of the passage of respectively collecting mail to go to revise up correct detection signal source is known features (frequency, amplitude, a phase place) signal, and repeat above-mentioned error detection procedure, after verify error correction weights are correct, changed for the 4th step over to.
In described the 3rd step 2) comprising: descending correct detection signal source is to a known features (frequency, amplitude, phase place) signal spread-spectrum is to 3.84MHz, being sent to downlink wave beam by Interface for digital communication after the scrambling forms in the device earlier with other subscriber signal and merges a certain channel modulation of 12 passages of posting a letter in the array of posting a letter through being corrected on given working carrier frequency again, the signal of output passes through coupler component, feeder cable is to aerial array, be corrected the passage of posting a letter simultaneously and contain the multiple user signals of correct detection signal by 12 descending coupling cables, the downlink radio-frequency signal switch is to demodulator, multi-user digital signal after demodulator response enters descending detection signal separator and isolates the known features signal offer in the descending correction weights generator and sample from multi-user's composite signal, store, successively 12 descending passages of posting a letter are finished above-mentioned testing process.
In described the 3rd step 3) comprising: with the known features signal behind some channel responses of posting a letter is benchmark, and the known features signal adopts algorithm to draw the correction weights of each channel error of posting a letter in 12 passages of posting a letter in descending correction weights generator behind the channel response of respectively posting a letter.
In described the 3rd step 4) comprising: the modulation signal that utilizes the correction weights of the passage of respectively posting a letter to go to revise descending correct detection signal source is known features (frequency, amplitude, a phase place) signal, and repeat above-mentioned error detection procedure, after verify error correction weights are correct, changed for the 4th step over to.
Described the 4th step comprises: the correction weights of each collection of letters channel error in up 12 collection of letters passages are sent into uplink beam by Interface for digital communication form device and other weight coefficient (the up correction weights that comprise antenna, feeder cable) weighting in the lump, discharge the scrambler of application, once up correction finishes; The correction weights of each channel error of posting a letter in descending 12 passages of posting a letter are sent into downlink wave beam by Interface for digital communication form device and other weight coefficient (the descending correction weights that comprise antenna, feeder cable) weighting in the lump, discharge the spreading code of application, once descending correction finishes.
The means for correcting that the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem of the present invention constitutes is realized according to following technical scheme:
It comprises an intelligent antenna subsystem that mainly is made of the aerial array, feeder cable, coupler component, transmitting-receiving array and the Beam-former that become two-way circuit to connect successively, characteristics are to also have a correct detection system, it is by up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, and becomes two-way circuit to connect with this coupler component and establish an Interface for digital communication and come this Beam-former of double-way connection.And also the uplink and downlink coupling path trace routine of resident coupled structure and intelligent antenna base station correction program in this correct detection system.
Described correct detection system comprises descending correct detection system, up correct detection system, and links with this intelligent antenna subsystem and to constitute descending corrected link and up corrected link; Described transmitting-receiving array comprises the array of posting a letter, collection of letters array; Described Beam-former comprises that downlink wave beam forms device, uplink beam forms device.
Described descending correct detection system comprise become successively downlink radio-frequency signal switch, demodulator, descending detection signal separator and descending correction weights generator that circuit connects and with the descending correct detection signal source of this descending correction weights generator double-way connection.
Described up correct detection system comprises and becomes up correct detection signal source, modulator and up radiofrequency signal switch that circuit connects and baseband digital signal switch, up detection signal separator and the up correction weights generator that becomes circuit to connect successively successively, and this up correction weights generator becomes two-way circuit to connect with this up correct detection signal source.
Described descending corrected link comprise successively the downlink wave beam that connects with circuit form device, the array of posting a letter, coupler component, feeder cable and aerial array and successively after meet the descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable of this coupler component, descending correct detection system, with two Interface for digital communication that are connected correct detection system and intelligent antenna base station Beam-former.
Described up corrected link comprise successively the aerial array, feeder cable, coupler component, collection of letters array and the uplink beam that connect with circuit form device and from coupler component be connected up correct detection system up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, connect 13 Interface for digital communication of correct detection system and intelligent antenna base station Beam-former.
Constitute coupled structure by up radiofrequency signal switch, up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, coupler component, descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable, the downlink radio-frequency signal switch got in touch with circuit successively.This coupled structure uplink and downlink correct detection signal that is used to be coupled.Described coupler component is serially connected between feeder cable and the transmitting-receiving array, be to combine formation by 12 uplink and downlink correct detection signal couplers that independently are produced on the PCB (being printed circuit board) with microstrip line, each coupler contains a up injection signal coupling aperture and a descending injection signal output coupling aperture.Up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable comprises 12 coupling cables.Descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable comprises 12 coupling cables too.Described up radiofrequency signal switch is one 12 to select 1 radio frequency switch assembly, and selected correction collection of letters passage is sent in the up correct detection signal timesharing of the device of automodulation in the future output.Described downlink radio-frequency signal switch is also to be one 12 to select 1 radio frequency switch assembly, will send into demodulator from the post a letter descending correct detection signal output timesharing of passage of selected correction.12 up injection signal coupling apertures in the coupler component are connected to up radiofrequency signal switch by up 12 coupling cables, and 12 descending injection signal output coupling apertures in the coupler component are connected to the downlink radio-frequency signal switch by 12 descending coupling cables.Up radiofrequency signal switch in the described coupled structure and downlink radio-frequency signal switch are through wearing out in advance and being in the isoperibol, to guarantee the stable of whole coupled structure transmission coefficient.Carry out the correction in advance of overcoupling structure when described coupled structure is packed system into separately, and the transmission coefficient of its reception and emission has been stored in the correct detection system.The foundation that the transmission coefficient of above-mentioned coupled structure is proofreaied and correct as transceiver channel.
When descending corrected link is worked, descending correct detection signal source is to the known features signal spread-spectrum, the downlink wave beam that outputs to intelligent antenna base station by Interface for digital communication after the scrambling forms a certain passage of posting a letter that enters 12 passages of posting a letter in the array of posting a letter that is corrected after device and other subscriber signal merge, by coupler component, feeder cable is to aerial array, simultaneously, be corrected the multiple user signals that the passage of posting a letter contains the correct detection signal, arrive descending detection signal separator through coupled structure to demodulator, from multi-user's composite signal, isolate the known features signal and offer descending correction weights generator, and in descending correction weights generator, calculate the correction weights.After verify error correction weights were correct, the correction weights that will confirm were again sent into downlink wave beam by Interface for digital communication and are formed device and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient.
When up corrected link is worked, up correct detection signal source is to the known features signal spread-spectrum, output to modulator after the scrambling, inject a certain passage of the collection of letters array collection of letters passage that is corrected through coupled structure, simultaneously by aerial array, other multiple user signals that feeder cable receives also enters the collection of letters passage that this is corrected through coupler component, the baseband digital signal of its output enters the baseband digital signal switch by corresponding 12 Interface for digital communication, from multi-user's composite signal, isolate the known features signal through up detection signal separator and offer up correction weights generator, and in up correction weights generator, calculate the correction weights.After verify error correction weights were correct, the correction weights that will confirm were again sent into uplink beam by Interface for digital communication and are formed device and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient.
Described collection of letters array comprises 12 collection of letters passages that structure is identical, is connected to low noise amplifier, receiver and the digital to analog converter of duplexer after this each collection of letters passage comprises successively; Equally, the described array of posting a letter comprises 12 passages of posting a letter that structure is identical, this passage of posting a letter comprise become successively digital to analog converter, sender and linear power amplifier that circuit connects and, this linear power amplifier output connects the input of posting a letter of duplexer.
Described demodulator has a structure that collection of letters passage is identical with intelligent antenna base station.
Described modulator has the sender structure identical with digital to analog converter in the passage of posting a letter with intelligent antenna base station.
Described Interface for digital communication connects the Beam-former of correct detection system and smart antenna.
Good effect of the present invention is: can realize the correction of FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station array channel amplitude, phase error according to method and apparatus of the present invention.1), on-line correction detection system and antenna system concurrent working and do not influence systematic function this bearing calibration has the following advantages:; 2), the correction channel scope is comprehensive, comprises duplexer, low noise amplifier, linear power amplifier, transceiver, digital to analog converter, analog to digital converter, need not proofread and correct the error of duplexer in advance; 3), can proofread and correct the array channel amplitude that causes owing to maintenance, replacement unit, reason such as aging and the variation of phase place; 4), can both reach desired correction accuracy at whole working frequency range; 5), the uplink and downlink passage can be proofreaied and correct simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing of the present invention is simply described as follows:
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of descending corrected link among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of up corrected link among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the apparatus structure block diagram that Fig. 1 receives and dispatches first transceiver channel in the array.
Fig. 5 is coupler component among Fig. 2, Fig. 3, coupling cable, the radiofrequency signal switch is at the correction block diagram of the coupled structure of intelligent antenna base station up and down.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of bearing calibration in advance of coupled structure among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station bearing calibration flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Provide embodiments of the invention according to Fig. 1～Fig. 7 below, further specify the inventive method and device.
See also Fig. 1, used the structure of the FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station of the inventive method and device shown in the figure.Mainly comprise the aerial array 100 that becomes two-way circuit to connect successively, feeder cable 101, coupler component 102, transmitting-receiving array 104, Beam-former 105 and the correct detection system 103 of proofreading and correct radiofrequency signal coupling cable 106,107 and 102 one-tenth double-way connections of this coupler component by uplink and downlink, and the Interface for digital communication 108 that connects this correct detection system 103 and this Beam-former 105.Above-mentioned transmitting-receiving array 104 is made up of 12 transceiver passages, is digital signal with the interface signal of Beam-former 105; Said Interface for digital communication 108 comprises 280,281,282,283,284 ..., 294; Above-mentioned coupling assembly 102 is produced on the uplink and downlink on the pcb board by 12 with microstrip line and proofreaies and correct radio-frequency signal coupler and combine and constitute.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 illustrates the structure of descending corrected link among Fig. 1, it comprises that the downlink wave beam that connects with circuit successively forms device 105A, by 12 passages 237 of posting a letter, 238, the 248 array 104A that post a letter that form, proofread and correct radio-frequency signal coupler 225 by 12,226,236 coupler component of forming 102, by 12 approaching full cables 213 together, 214,224 feeder cables of forming 101 and by 12 antenna elements 201,202,212 aerial arrays of forming 100, and by cable 261,262, the 272 descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cables of forming 107, the descending correct detection 103A of system, Interface for digital communication 280,281.
This descending correct detection 103A of system comprise successively the downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251 that connects with circuit, demodulator 252, descending detection signal separator 253, descending correction weights generator 254 and with the descending correct detection signal source 255 of 254 one-tenth double-way connections of this descending correction weights generator.
Have 12 receiving-transmitting chains in the FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station structure shown in Figure 1, the link of posting a letter wherein is made of 12 row among Fig. 2 respectively: the 1st row post a letter chain route antenna element 201, cable 213, proofread and correct radio-frequency signal coupler 225, the passage 237 of posting a letter is formed; The 2nd row post a letter chain route antenna element 202, cable 214, proofread and correct radio-frequency signal coupler 226, the passage 238 of posting a letter forms; The 12nd row post a letter chain route antenna element 212, cable 224, proofread and correct radio-frequency signal coupler 236, the passage 248 of posting a letter forms.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 illustrates the structure of up corrected link among Fig. 1.It comprises successively with circuit link by 12 antenna elements 201,202,212 aerial arrays of forming 100, by 12 approaching full cables 213 together, 214,224 feeder cables of forming 101, proofread and correct radio-frequency signal coupler 225 by 12,226,236 coupler component of forming 102, by 12 collection of letters passages 337,338,348 collection of letters array 104B that form, uplink beam forms device 105B, and the up correct detection 103B of system, from this up correct detection 103B of system connect this coupler component 102 by cable 301,302,312 up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cables of forming 106 and the up correct detection 103B of system of double-way connection and uplink beam form the Interface for digital communication 282 of device 105B, 283,284,294.
The up correct detection 103B of system comprises the up correct detection signal source 353 that connects with circuit successively, modulator 352 and up radiofrequency signal switch 351, and the baseband digital signal switch 354 that connects with circuit successively, up detection signal separator 355, up correction weights generator 356; And 356 one-tenth two-way circuits of this up correct detection signal source 353 and up correction weights generator connect.
Have 12 receiving-transmitting chains in the FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station structure shown in Figure 1, collection of letters link wherein is made of 12 row among Fig. 3 respectively: the 1st row collection of letters link comprises antenna element 201, cable 213, correction radio-frequency signal coupler 225, the passage 337 of posting a letter that becomes circuit to connect successively; The 2nd row collection of letters link comprises antenna element 202, cable 214, correction radio-frequency signal coupler 226, the passage 338 of posting a letter that connects with circuit successively; The 12nd row collection of letters link comprises antenna element 212, cable 224, correction radio-frequency signal coupler 236, the passage 348 of posting a letter that connects with circuit successively.
Referring to Fig. 4, the structure of the first transceiver passage in the intelligent antenna base station array has been described among the figure, i.e. the 1st collection of letters passage 337 and the 1st structure of passage 237 of posting a letter, the structure of each passage of collecting mail is identical.The structure of passage of equally, respectively posting a letter also is identical.The upper end of duplexer 401 is connected to the A1 point among Fig. 5 among the figure, and its collection of letters output is connected to the 1st collection of letters passage 337, and the input of posting a letter is connected to linear power amplifier 405.Be connected to duplexer 401 behind the collection of letters passage 337, it comprises low noise amplifier (LNA) 402, receiver 403 and the analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) 404 that connects mutually with circuit successively.The passage 237 of posting a letter comprises digital to analog converter (DAC) 407, sender 406 and the linear power amplifier 405 that connects mutually with circuit successively, is connected to the passage 237 of posting a letter behind the duplexer 401.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 has described the coupled structure 502 of the corrected link radiofrequency signal that is adopted in the FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station of the inventive method and device, and it forms the coupled structure of injecting signal by the up radiofrequency signal switch 351 that connects mutually with circuit successively, up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable 106, coupler component 102 and descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable 107, downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251.Cable 301,302 among Fig. 5 ..., the 312nd, connect respectively corresponding coupler 225,226 ..., 236 coupling cables between the up radiofrequency signal switch 351, cable 261,262 ..., the 272nd, connect respectively corresponding coupler 225,226 ..., 236 coupling cables between the downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251.Fig. 5 mid point A1, some B1 are input, the output port of the 1st transceiver passage coupler 225; Point A2, some B2 are input, the output port of the 2nd transceiver passage coupler 226 ..., some A12, some B12 are input, the output port of the 12nd transceiver passage coupler 236.Point A1, some A2 ..., some A12 is connected to the upper end of the output such as the duplexer 401 of each transceiver double-channel duplex device, some B1, some B2 ..., some B12 is connected to the lower end of each receiving-transmitting chain antenna feeder.Point C is the tie point of downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251 and demodulator 252, and some D is the tie point of up radiofrequency signal switch 351 and modulator 352.This coupled structure 502 carried out separately proofreading and correct in advance before being installed into intelligent antenna base station.
The uplink and downlink of the coupled structure 502 shown in Fig. 5 are proofreaied and correct respectively in advance and are carried out, and its descending correction comprises: with a vector network analyzer 501 and each transceiver passage coupler 225,226 ... 236 input port A1, A2 ..., i port among the A12 and be connected with downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251 output point C.Each the transceiver passage coupler 225,226 that is corrected simultaneously ... 236 output port B1, B2 ..., i port among the B12 connect matched load, measure the transmission coefficient CTij of i descending coupling path that is corrected in the coupled structure 502 respectively with vector network analyzer 501, wherein i=1,2 ... 12 transceiver channels of 12 expressions, j=1,2 ..., 12 the expression 12 downlink working carrier frequency.Obtain the transmission coefficient CTij of coupled structure 502 whole descending coupling paths by i * j test.Its up correction comprises: with a vector network analyzer 501 and up radiofrequency signal switch 351 input point D and with each transceiver passage coupler 225,226 ... 236 output port A1, A2 ..., i port among the A12 connect.Each the transceiver channel coupler 225,226 that is corrected simultaneously ... 236 output port B1, B2 ..., i port among the B12 connect matched load, measure the transmission coefficient CRij of i up coupling path that is corrected in the coupled structure respectively with vector network analyzer 501, wherein i=1,2 ... 12 transceiver channels of 12 expressions, j=1,2 ..., 12 the expression 12 up working carrier frequency.Obtain the transmission coefficient CRij of the whole up coupling paths of coupled structure by i * j test.
Correction work of the present invention is exactly by correct detection system 103 to detect the transmission coefficient Ri and the Ti of each passage in real time by constituting corrected link with FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station, and the calculation correction weights are exported to base band Beam-former 105 and are weighted.Principles illustrated of the present invention is as follows: when given j working carrier frequency, establish the passage 237,238 of posting a letter ..., 248 transmission coefficient be Ti (i=1,2 ... 12), the descending coupling path transmission coefficient of coupled structure 502 is CTi, the transmission coefficient of demodulator 252 is CR, collection of letters passage 337,338 ..., 348 transmission coefficient be Ri (i=1,2 ... 12), the transmission coefficient of the up coupling path of coupled structure 502 is CRi, and the transmission coefficient of modulator 352 is CT; Set capable timing (referring to Fig. 2), the correct detection signal that some a1 sends is S1, and the isolated signal of some b1 is STi; If up timing (referring to Fig. 3), the correct detection signal that some a2 sends is S2, and the isolated signal of some b2 is SRi;
Up corrected link output signal is: SRi=Ri * CRi * CT * S2 (1)
Descending corrected link output signal is: STi=Ti * CTi * CR * S1 (2)
The transmission coefficient of up collection of letters passage is: Ri=SRi/ (CRi * CT * S2) (3)
The transmission coefficient of the descending passage of posting a letter is: Ti=STi/ (CTi * CR * S1) (4)
As the reference passage, then formula (3), (4) are with the 1st passage:
The transmission coefficient of up collection of letters passage is: Ri/R1=(SRi * CR1)/(SR1 * CRi) (5)
The transmission coefficient of the descending passage of posting a letter is: Ti/T1=(STi * CT1)/(CTi * ST1) (6)
I=1,2 in the formula (5), (6) ... 12.CR1, CRi, CT1, CTi be by 502 decisions of Fig. 5 coupled structure, and by Fig. 6 in advance correct detection obtain.SRi, SR1, STi, ST1 are the output of correct detection system detection signal separator, can detect in real time to obtain.Therefore, Ri/R1 and Ti/T1 can calculate, and can calculate collection of letters passage and the correction weights of the passage of posting a letter.
Referring to Fig. 6, the bearing calibration step of the described coupled structure 502 of Fig. 5 has been described among the figure.Coupled structure 502 carried out separately proofreading and correct the correct detection system 103 that the transmission coefficient CRij of the up-downgoing coupling path that is obtained, CTij are stored in intelligent antenna base station in advance before intelligent antenna base station comes into operation.
The trimming process 60 of the up coupling path of coupled structure described in Fig. 6 comprises: step 601 begins to proofread and correct; Step 602 selects up coupling path to proofread and correct; Step 603 by up coupling path test request connected system, is proofreaied and correct the 1st up coupling path, and get i=1: step 604, the working carrier frequency that vector network analyzer 501 is set are the 1st in j the working carrier frequency, get j=1; Step 605, the working carrier frequency that vector network analyzer 501 is set is a j working carrier frequency; Step 606, transmission coefficient CRij and logging test results when being j working carrier frequency with the emending frequency of i up coupling paths of vector network analyzer 501 test coupled structures; Whether step 607,608 equals 12 605,606 transmission coefficient CRij and logging test results when finishing whole 12 working carrier frequency of i up coupling path set by step by judging j; Step 609,610 is by judging whether i equals 12 and 604 to 608 finish the transmission coefficient CRij when whole 12 working carrier frequency of whole 12 up coupling paths and logging test results and change descending coupling path over to and proofread and correct set by step.
The descending coupling path trimming process 61 of coupled structure 502 comprises described in Fig. 6: step 611, by descending coupling path test request connected system, the 1st up coupling path proofreaied and correct, and get i=1; Step 612, the working carrier frequency that vector network analyzer 501 is set are the 1st in j the working carrier frequency, get j=1; Step 613, the working carrier frequency that vector network analyzer 501 is set is a j working carrier frequency; Step 614, transmission coefficient CTij and logging test results when being j working carrier frequency with the emending frequency of i descending coupling path of vector network analyzer test coupled structure; Whether step 615,616 equals 12 613,614 transmission coefficient CTij and logging test results when finishing whole 12 working carrier frequency of i descending coupling path set by step by judging j; Whether step 617,618 equals 12 613 to 614 transmission coefficient CTij and the logging test results when whole 12 working carrier frequency of finishing whole 12 descending coupling paths set by step by judging i; Step 619 obtains to finish behind transmission coefficient CRij, the CTij of whole uplink and downlink coupling paths the correction of coupled structure.
Referring to Fig. 7, whole 12 the uplink and downlink transceiver channel correcting method steps of intelligent antenna base station have been described among the figure.Coupled structure 502 had been carried out overcorrect separately by Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and the result has been stored in the correct detection system 103 of intelligent antenna base station before coming into operation.Antenna element 201,202 in the aerial array 100 ..., 212 and feeder cable 213,214 ..., 224 before coming into operation, also carry out overcorrect test separately and the result be kept at intelligent antenna base station inside, the present invention do not contain to aerial array 100 and feeder cable 213,214 ..., 224 correction in advance.
Intelligent antenna base station uplink and downlink transceiver channel correcting process comprises among Fig. 7: step 701,702, intelligent antenna base station system normally enter operating state; Step 703, correct detection system 103 starts, and links up with the inner base band control section of intelligent antenna base station and shakes hands; Step 704, the initial setting up of up collection of letters channel correcting; Step 705, correct detection system 103 obtains working carrier frequency j from the base band control section, applies for user's scrambler, selects the 1st of 12 uplink receiving channels to proofread and correct, and gets i=1; Step 706, corresponding i receive path carries out presetting of up radiofrequency signal switch 351 and baseband digital signal switch 354; Step 707, up correct detection signal source outputs to modulator to known features signal spread-spectrum, scrambling and up-converts to j working carrier frequency and export given signal power, this signal is injected into i uplink receiving channel by up radiofrequency signal switch, a selected i up correction radio-frequency signal coupler, contains digital signal that duplexer 401, LNA 402, receiver 403, ADC analog-to-digital conversion 404 export through i collection of letters passage and enters baseband digital signal switch 354 gatings, known features signal after up detection signal separator 355 is isolated response; Step 708, the known features signal after sampling, i response of preservation; Step 709,710 judges whether whole 12 data feedback channels have detected, and i=i+1 also 706,707,708 proceeds set by step as not detected then; Step 711 is calculated data feedback channel and is proofreaied and correct weights; Step 712 is checked each up collection of letters channel correcting weights, arrives step 711 as incorrect then repeating step 706; Step 713, the initial setting up of downlink channel correcting; Step 714, correct detection system 103 obtains working carrier frequency number (j) from the base band control section, applies for user's spreading code, selects the 1st of 12 downlink passages to proofread and correct, and gets i=1; Step 715, corresponding i transmission channel carries out presetting of downlink radio-frequency signal switch 251; Step 716,255 pairs of known features signal spread-spectrums of descending correct detection signal source, downlink wave beam formation device 105A and individual other subscriber signal of base band that is corrected the passage of posting a letter of selected i of outputing to base band after the scrambling merge after i sender contains DAC digital-to-analogue conversion 407, sender 406, power amplifier 405, duplexer 401 is through coupler component, feeder cable outputs to aerial array, synchronous signal by coupler component through the downlink radio-frequency signal coupling cable, the downlink radio-frequency signal switch, the known features signal of the digital signal of exporting after the demodulator down-conversion after descending detection signal separator is isolated response; Step 717, the known features signal after sampling, i response of preservation; Step 718,719 judges whether whole 12 down going channels have detected, and i=i+1 also 715,716,717 proceeds set by step as not detected then; Step 720 is calculated down going channel and is proofreaied and correct weights; Step 721, the check down going channel is proofreaied and correct weights, arrives step 720 as incorrect then repeating step 715; Step 722, each channel correcting weights of output uplink and downlink discharge user's scrambler and spreading code to uplink and downlink Beam-former 105A, 105B and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient; Step 723 is once proofreaied and correct in real time and is finished.
12 array elements in the FDD-WCDMA system intelligence antenna base station structure of the inventive method and device can constitute three sector line arraies and a ring array.Respectively receive and dispatch array during ring array and use same battle array signal source, 4 transmitting-receiving arrays of each sector line array use same battle array signal source during three sector line arraies.System proofreaies and correct real-time for realization, and when system was three sector line array structures, 4 transmitting-receiving arrays of each sector line array used same battle array signal source, proofread and correct this moment and carry out array number N=4 by the sector.
Claims (10)
1. the bearing calibration of an intelligent antenna subsystem, its step comprises:
(1), before system comes into operation, to the antenna element in the aerial array (100) (201,202 ..., 212) and feeder cable (101) in cable (213,214 ..., 224) proofread and correct test in advance, and the result is kept at intelligent antenna base station inside, it is characterized in that: also have
(2), after intelligent antenna subsystem linked with correct detection system (103), test and proofread and correct the transmission coefficient CRij of the up-downgoing coupling path of coupled structure (502) earlier separately, CTij, and be stored in the detection system (103), this coupled structure (502) is to comprise successively with the up radiofrequency signal switch (351) in the correct detection system (103) of circuit connection, up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable (106), coupler component in the smart antenna (102), downlink radio-frequency signal switch (251) in descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable (107) and the correct detection system (103);
(3), start-up system, the real-time transmission coefficient Ri and the Ti of each transceiver passage of correct detection uplink and downlink when given working carrier frequency j, the calculation correction weights are exported to base band Beam-former (105) and are weighted.
2. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said (2) are weighted about the transmission coefficient of real-time each transceiver passage of detection uplink and downlink and to base band Beam-former (105) about transmission coefficient and (3) of proofreading and correct test coupled structure (502), and its step comprises:
The first step (71): 1) utilize vector network analyzer (501) that coupled structure (502) is proofreaied and correct (60 in advance, 61), and with the transmission coefficient of coupled structure (502) be stored in correct detection system (103), 2) be provided with by aerial array (100), feeder cable (101), coupler component (102), correct detection system (103), transmitting-receiving array (104), Beam-former (105), up correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable (106), Interface for digital communication (108) between descending correction radiofrequency signal coupling cable (107) and correct detection system (103) and intelligent antenna base station Beam-former (105) constitutes the real-time corrected link of intelligent antenna base station, 3) make intelligent antenna base station system be in normal operating condition;
Second step (72): carry out data feedback channel and proofread and correct, comprise: 1) correct detection system (103) is to user's scrambler of base station protocol layer application, 2) known features signal and the sampling behind up all 12 collection of letters channel responses of detection, preserve, 3) adopt algorithm to draw the correction weights of the up channel error of respectively collecting mail, 4) the up correction weights correctness of check, as incorrect then repeat this second the step (72) 2) and 3), the 3rd step (73): carry out down going channel and proofread and correct, comprise: 1) correct detection system (103) is to user's spreading code of base station protocol layer application, 2) known features signal and the sampling behind descending all 12 channel responses of posting a letter of detection, preserve, 3) adopt algorithm to draw the correction weights of descending each channel error, 4) the descending correction weights correctness of check, as incorrect then repeat this 3rd the step (73) 2) and 3), the 4th step (74): upstream or downstream are proofreaied and correct weights send into Beam-former (105) and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient, discharge the scrambler or the spreading code of application, once proofread and correct and finish.
3. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: 1 in the described first step (71)) comprising: with the up radiofrequency signal switch (351) in the coupled structure (502), downlink radio-frequency signal switch (251) also is in the isoperibol through aging in advance all the time, measure coupled structure (502) in advance last with vector network analyzer (501), transmission coefficient during each working carrier frequency of downlink working frequency range, and the transmission coefficient of its reception and emission is stored in correct detection system (103), the transmission coefficient of coupled structure (502) is as receipts, send out passage and carry out the foundation that timing calculates.
4. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described second step 2 in (72)) comprising: up correct detection signal source (353) to a known features signal spread-spectrum to 3.84MHz, scrambling is modulated at the signal of the definite level of output on the given working carrier frequency through modulator (352), through up radiofrequency signal switch (351), up coupling cable (301,302,312), coupler component (102) is injected into the collection of letters passage (337 in the up collection of letters array (104B) that is corrected, 338,348) a certain passage, multi-user digital signal behind this up collection of letters channel response that is corrected is by Interface for digital communication (283,284,294) enter baseband digital signal switch (354) gating and enter up detection signal separator (355), from multi-user's composite signal, isolate known features signal and sampling in up correction weights generator (356) behind this up collection of letters channel response, store, successively 12 up collection of letters passages are finished above-mentioned testing process.
5. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described second step 3 in (72)) comprising: with the known features signal behind some collection of letters channel responses is benchmark, the known features signal behind each channel response of collecting mail in up correction weights generator (356), adopt algorithm draw the passage of respectively collecting mail (337,338 ..., 348) the correction weights of error.
6. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described second step 4 in (72)) comprising: utilize the correction weights of the passage of respectively collecting mail to remove to revise the modulation signal of up correct detection signal source (353), and repeat above-mentioned error detection procedure, after verify error correction weights are correct, changed for the 4th step (74) over to.
7. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd step 2 in (73)) comprising: descending correct detection signal source (255) to a known features signal spread-spectrum to 3.84MHz, be sent to downlink wave beam by Interface for digital communication (281) after the scrambling and form elder generation and the merging of other subscriber signal in the device (105A), the passage (237 of posting a letter in the array of posting a letter (104A) through being corrected again, 238,248) a certain channel modulation is on given working carrier frequency, the signal of output is by coupler component (102), feeder cable (101) is to aerial array (100), be corrected the passage of posting a letter simultaneously and contain the multiple user signals of correct detection signal by descending coupling cable (261,262,272), downlink radio-frequency signal switch (251) is to demodulator (252), multi-user digital signal after demodulator (252) response enters descending detection signal separator (253), from multi-user's composite signal, isolate the known features signal and offer sampling in the descending correction weights generator (254), store, successively 12 descending passages of posting a letter are finished above-mentioned testing process.
8. the bearing calibration of intelligent antenna subsystem according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd step 3 in (73)) comprising: with the known features signal behind some channel responses of posting a letter is benchmark, behind the channel response of respectively posting a letter the known features signal in descending correction weights generator (254), adopt algorithm draw the passage of respectively posting a letter (237,238 ..., 248) the correction weights of error.
9. according to the bearing calibration of claims 2 described intelligent antenna subsystems, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd step 4 in (73)) comprising: utilize the correction weights of the passage of respectively posting a letter to remove to revise the modulation signal of descending correct detection signal source (255), proofread and correct weights up to verify error and changed for the 4th step (74) over to after correct.
10. according to the bearing calibration of claims 2 described intelligent antenna subsystems, it is characterized in that: described the 4th the step (74) comprising: with the up passage of respectively collecting mail (337,338 ..., 348) the correction weights of error send into uplink beam by Interface for digital communication (282) and form device (105B) and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient, discharge the scrambler of application, once up correction finishes; With the descending passage of respectively posting a letter (237,238 ..., 248) the correction weights of error send into downlink wave beam by Interface for digital communication (280) and form device (105A) and the weighting in the lump of other weight coefficient, discharge the spreading code of application, once descending correction finishes.
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