A kind of refuse classification method and adopt the refuse classification system of this method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refuse classification method and adopt the refuse classification system of this method.
Background technology
Add up according to investigations, the about 1-1.5 kilogram of house refuse of average generation every day of each urban population at present, the house refuse of whole world generation every day reaches 5,000,000,000 kilograms.These rubbish will cause serious pollution to air, environment and the water resource in town and country, and the sorting process of therefore garbage waste material being gone ahead of the rest makes the rubbish after the sorting meet innoxious, minimizing and resource is the problem that presses for solution.
Chinese patent ZL 02222949.3 discloses a kind of garbage sorting device, and it comprises screening plant, bag-breaking machine, wet concentration device.Its wet concentration device is to utilize buoyancy of water with the rubbish layering.This garbage sorting device efficiency of separation is lower, can't satisfy the needs of a large amount of processing municipal refuses.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of refuse classification method of fast, efficiently handling domestic waste.
For this reason, refuse classification method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Screening is carried out Preliminary screening to the rubbish of importing, and sub-elects Bulky Waste, bagged garbage and dregs;
Separate, the rubbish that utilizes buoyancy of water to make to scatter in the broken bag step separates, and is distributed in different liquid levels;
Sorting utilizes the flow collection of water to be distributed in the rubbish of different liquid levels;
It is characterized in that: also comprise at described separating step making the water generates eddy current, and utilize the step of the centrifugal force pressure separating of garbage of eddy current generation.
Owing to adopted the method for utilizing eddy current to force separating of garbage, make the separative efficiency of rubbish be improved, be applicable to a large amount of processing and the sorting of rubbish.
In described sorting step, separation and collection rubbish can be finished in same device.
The method of sorting rubbish of the present invention can also comprise sterilization, sterilization, deodorization step.Rubbish through this step process can directly be recycled, and needn't worry to pollute once more.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system that adopts method sorting rubbish of the present invention.
The system of sorting rubbish of the present invention comprises:
Screening plant, constitute by aggregate bin and the first order macropore vibratory sieve, the second level aperture vibratory sieve that are obliquely installed in aggregate bin, the output of the described first macropore vibratory sieve links to each other with the Bulky Waste conveyer, the output of described second level aperture vibratory sieve links to each other with the bag-breaking machine arrival end, and described aggregate bin lower end is provided with opening and links to each other with the dregs gatherer;
Bag-breaking machine is the cylinder that arrival end is obliquely installed up, and its inwall circumference is provided with the broken bag cutter that together rotates with inwall;
The rubbish seperator is used for the separation of rubbish;
Wired belt conveyer is collected the rubbish that is separated by the rubbish seperator respectively, and is transported to gathering-device; And
Automaton is used for the automatic control of refuse classification process,
It is characterized in that:
Described rubbish seperator is made of circular internal layer shell and outer casing, tangentially be provided with the water flow jet pipe and/or the water flow jet hole tangentially be set at the top of internal layer shell at its sidewall, also being provided with guiding gutter at the sidewall of internal layer shell links to each other with accumulator tank, bottom at internal layer shell is provided with funnel, this funnel lower ending opening;
Described wired belt conveyer is arranged at respectively in the described accumulator tank, and between described funnel opening below and the described outer casing.
The current that spray in described water flow jet pipe or water flow jet hole can make the water generates eddy current in the rubbish seperator internal layer shell, and force drive rubbish that rubbish is separated in water, are distributed in different liquid levels; Simultaneously because the effect of eddy current, make the shunting of the vertical and horizontal both direction of water generates, the shunting of vertical direction drives weight, move down as earth, stone, metal, battery etc., collect conveying by the wired belt conveyer that is positioned at funnel opening below, the shunting of horizontal direction then drives the rubbish that is positioned at different liquid levels and flows, and collects conveying by being positioned at accumulator tank guipure sortation conveyor.Therefore can improve and separate and collection efficiency.
The guiding gutter of described rubbish seperator can be along the tangential direction setting of described inner sphere mechanism body sidewall, and its tangential direction is consistent with the tangential direction in described water flow jet pipe or water flow jet hole, can make the resistance of current littler like this.
Described bag-breaking machine is at least two groups at the broken bag cutter of inwall circumference setting, and the direction of rotation of two adjacent groups broken bag cutter is opposite.The broken bag cutter that rotation direction is opposite can make broken bag efficient increase, because the broken bag cutter can be carried and oppositely tear the realization broken bag, therefore the requirement to the broken bag cutter can reduce, and helps reducing cost cost saving.
Be positioned at each broken bag cutter shaft at described bag-breaking machine inwall and to side edge ball can be set, the height of ball is lower than edge of a knife 5CM.Ball is set prevents that rubbish from stopping up the edge of a knife.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of refuse classification method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the layout schematic diagram of refuse classification of the present invention system.
Among the figure
1. aggregate bin 2. macropore vibratory sieves 3. aperture vibratory sieves 4. Bulky Waste conveyers
5. bagged garbage conveyer 6. bag-breaking machines 7. conveyers 8. internal layer shells
9. outer casing 10. first guipure sortation conveyors 11. tubular fishers
12. the second guipure sortation conveyor 13. the 3rd guipure sortation conveyor
14. the 4th guipure sortation conveyor 15. wired belt conveyers 16. chlorination equipments
A. screen step B. broken bag step C. separation, sorting step
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of refuse classification method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, refuse classification method of the present invention may further comprise the steps
The screening steps A is carried out Preliminary screening to the rubbish of importing, and sub-elects Bulky Waste, bagged garbage and dregs; Bulky Waste and dregs are exported by conveyer separately respectively, and bagged garbage then is delivered to bag-breaking machine and carries out next step.
Broken bag step B cuts brokenly the packaging bag of the bagged garbage that sub-elects of screening step, rip; Separating step utilizes buoyancy of water and makes the water generates eddy current, and utilizes the centrifugal force of eddy current generation to force to be separated in the rubbish that scatters in the broken bag step, makes it to be distributed in different liquid levels;
Sorting step, utilize the flow collection of water to be distributed in the rubbish of different liquid levels: 1) weight to be moved down and fall on the wired belt conveyer 15 in vertical direction, as shown in Figure 1, and metal, battery and stone are selected respectively by metal detector, earth then passes wired belt conveyer and falls within the bottom of the rubbish seperator pond, concentrates and is discharged by sewage draining exit; 2) in the horizontal direction, centrifugal current drive waste flow to accumulator tank, by the sediment that wired belt conveyer 10, tubular fisher 11, other wired belt conveyers 12,13,14 are collected surface thing, suspension respectively and are positioned at each liquid level, realize separation and collection.
In above-mentioned sorting step, separation and collection rubbish can be to finish in same device, as rubbish seperator of the present invention, also can carry out in different devices, as carrying out respectively in multistage rubbish seperator.
The method of sorting rubbish of the present invention can also comprise sterilization, sterilization, deodorization step.Rubbish through this step process can utilize once more, and does not worry causing new pollution.
Fig. 2 is the layout schematic diagram of refuse classification of the present invention system.As shown in Figure 2, the system of sorting rubbish of the present invention comprises:
Screening plant, constitute by aggregate bin 1 and the first order macropore vibratory sieve 2, the second level aperture vibratory sieve 3 that are obliquely installed in aggregate bin, the output of the described first macropore vibratory sieve 2 links to each other with Bulky Waste conveyer 4, the output of described second level aperture vibratory sieve 3 links to each other with bag-breaking machine 6 arrival ends by bagged garbage conveyer 5, and described aggregate bin 1 lower end is provided with opening and links to each other with the dregs gatherer;
Bag-breaking machine 6 is the cylinder that arrival end is obliquely installed up, and its inwall circumference is provided with the broken bag cutter that together rotates with inwall;
The rubbish seperator is used for the separation of rubbish;
Wired belt conveyer is collected the rubbish that is separated by the rubbish seperator, and is transported to gathering-device; And
Automaton is used for the automatic control of refuse classification process,
Described rubbish seperator is made of circular internal layer shell 8 and outer casing 9, tangentially be provided with the water flow jet pipe and/or the water flow jet hole tangentially be set at the top of internal layer shell 8 at its sidewall, also being provided with guiding gutter at the sidewall of internal layer shell 8 links to each other with accumulator tank, bottom at internal layer shell 8 is provided with funnel, this funnel lower ending opening;
The described first guipure sortation conveyor 10, the second guipure sortation conveyor 12, the 3rd guipure sortation conveyor 13, the 4th guipure sortation conveyor 14 are arranged at respectively in the described accumulator tank, wherein, the first guipure sortation conveyor 10 is used to collect the surface thing, 12 of the second guipure sortation conveyors are used to carry the suspension of being salvaged by tubular fisher 10, and the 3rd guipure sortation conveyor 13 and the 4th guipure sortation conveyor 14 are respectively applied for the collection sediment of each liquid level under water; Wired belt conveyer 15 is arranged between described funnel opening below and the described outer casing, is used for collecting the weight of rubbish, as earth, stone, metal, battery etc.
The guiding gutter of described rubbish seperator can be along the tangential direction setting of described inner sphere mechanism body sidewall, and its tangential direction is consistent with the tangential direction in described water flow jet pipe or water flow jet hole.
Described bag-breaking machine 6 is at least two groups at the broken bag cutter of inwall circumference setting, and the direction of rotation of two adjacent groups broken bag cutter is opposite.
Be positioned at each broken bag cutter shaft at described bag-breaking machine 6 inwalls and can be provided with ball to side edge, the height of ball is lower than edge of a knife 5CM.
Refuse classification of the present invention system can also comprise sterilization, sterilization, odor removal 16, this device 16 comprises the preparation pond of sterilization, sterilization, deodorant liquid and sterilization, sterilization, deodorant liquid injection device, and the output of described injection device is between the internal layer shell 8 and outer casing 9 of described rubbish seperator.
This refuse classification system can be arranged in the closed container, and this closed container is provided with the chute charging aperture of an input rubbish and the outlet of a plurality of output category rubbish, and this closed container can guarantee can not cause pollution to external world in the process of disposal of refuse; In this closed container, also can be provided with ozone, apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection and filter air exhausting device, need repairing, when safeguarding, disinfect earlier, again foul atmosphere be discharged, guarantee maintenance personal's personal safety in the refuse classification system.
Also can be provided with at described chute charging aperture and to catch up with pellet, guarantee that charging is even.