CN1278982C - Bricks and mortar made from fly ash and preparation method - Google Patents

Bricks and mortar made from fly ash and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1278982C
CN1278982C CNB2004100695168A CN200410069516A CN1278982C CN 1278982 C CN1278982 C CN 1278982C CN B2004100695168 A CNB2004100695168 A CN B2004100695168A CN 200410069516 A CN200410069516 A CN 200410069516A CN 1278982 C CN1278982 C CN 1278982C
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lime
flyash
brick
aggregate
gypsum
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CN1686907A (en
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韦柳青
江学艺
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Wei Liuqing
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The present invention belongs to a building brick and mortar made of fly ash, and a production method thereof. The building brick is prepared from 70 to 80% of fly ash, 7 to 13% of lime, 0 to 1.3% of gypsum, 0 to 5% of cement and aggregate as the rest; the fly ash and the aggregate are sent into a stirrer to be stirre for 2 to 3 minutes, and added with the lime, etc. to be stirred in the stirrer for about 5 minutes so as to evenly mix the materials; the mixture is sent into a brick making machine and pressed under the pressure of at least 1600 kilonewtons to form green bricks, and the green bricks are naturally cured or cured by steam for certain time so as to obtain the finished fly ash bricks. The mortar is prepared from 70 to 80% of fly ash, 7 to 13% of lime, 0 to 5% of cement and aggregate as the rest; the raw materials are sent into a stirrer together and stirred with water for about 10 minutes so as to obtain the finished fly ash mortar. The present invention has the advantages of simple technique and low cost, and is suitable for industrial production in production lines; the bricks have the advantages of high strength, favorable sound insulation effect, favorable thermal insulation effect and favorable seepage prevention effect; the mortar has the advantages of firm slurry fixation strong bonding force and no cracking.

Description

A kind of flyash brick, mortar and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of building brick, mortar and this brick and mortar that a kind of flyash of discharging with power plant makes.
Background technology
Up to the present, the existing building brick made from flyash, otherwise technology is complicated, and the cost of manufacture height can't be applied, or the intensity of brick is not high, can't be used for the bearing wall of Highrise buildings.No. 89109385.0 patents of invention of China once disclosed a kind of " free of calcining and steam curing flyash brick and preparation method thereof ".According to the contriver, this invention has to select materials and requires lowly, and raw material sources are extensive, and are simple for production, less energy consumption, the characteristic that cost is low.But in the proportioning raw materials that should invent, flyash only accounts for the 55%-65% of raw material gross weight, and promptly the flyash consumption does not reach 70% of raw material gross weight, thereby can not be called flyash brick.And also need use lime and the cement of 4%-7% or the gypsum of 1%-5% of 14%-20% in its raw material, we know, the price of lime, cement and gypsum is more much higher than the price of flyash, in the raw material of its " flyash brick ", need with so lime, cement or the gypsum of vast scale, will inevitably make the on the high side of " flyash brick " produced.In addition, the working conditions to the cinder of one of raw material in this invention is also relatively stricter, requires its particle diameter must be less than 6mm, otherwise must be through broken (in fact, the particle diameter of cinder often is greater than 6mm, thereby makes fragmentation become requisite operation in this invention).Even like this, the intensity of " flyash brick " that this invention is made also can only reach the limited standard to No. 100 bricks No. 75, and can't reach among China ministerial standard JC239-2001 " flyash brick " requirement of the Mu15 level of regulation, thereby it can not be used for the bearing wall of high-rise building more than eight layers.This also is that this brick does not obtain one of real reason of applying so far.China's No. 89102223.6 patent applications disclosed " naturally-cured powdered coal ash brick ", 97109228.1 number patent application disclosed " a kind of production technique of high-strength fly-ash brick " and No. 01138341.0 patent application disclosed " normal temperature compressed flyash brick and method for making thereof " all need operating weight per-cent to be no less than 6% cement, thereby its production cost does not hang down.Wherein, the consumption of the flyash of No. 89102223.6 " naturally-cured powdered coal ash bricks " does not reach the requirement of " flyash brick " very little; 01138341.0 number " normal temperature compressed flyash brick and method for making thereof " also need use the outfield force of sound wave, ultrasonic wave, microwave or various rays and so on just can make the brick moulding, then also will the brick that drying is good be immersed in and carry out WATER REPELLENT in the aqueous silicate solution, the technology of this complexity, will improve the production cost of brick greatly, be unfavorable for applying of flyash brick.China's No. 90109978.3 patent applications disclosed " a kind of flyash brick and preparation method thereof " are though the cement that uses has only 3%-12%, but it needs in whipping process material ageing 2-4 hour, this has just reduced production efficiency widely, thereby the production cost of brick is improved.China's No. 01103113.1 patent application disclosed " a kind of flyash brick and manufacture method thereof ", No. 02133006.9 patent application disclosed " being used for the cold district high blended quantity vapor pressed flyash brick " and No. 00126147.9 patent application disclosed " steaming-pressing technology for forming high-strength powdered coal ash bricks " are three kinds of flyash brick or the production technique that can make raw material without cement, its raw materials cost can reduce, but No. 01103113.1 " a kind of flyash brick and manufacture method thereof " need through the process of plasticating of No. three feed backs or through grind, the activation treatment of roasting and so on; 02133006.9 need putting into slaking silos, the compound of number " being used for the cold district high blended quantity vapor pressed flyash brick " digested 4 hours; 00126147.9 number " steaming-pressing technology for forming high-strength powdered coal ash bricks " then needs through the three sections different times of precompressed, moulding, maintenance and the pressing process of friction-motion speed, these methods all are that complex process, cost are higher, the production that is unfavorable for brick and applying, or even can't implement in a large number, can't be applied to suitability for industrialized production, do not have vitality.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is the weak point that will overcome above-mentioned flyash brick and production method thereof, provide a kind of few with or without cement, technology is simple, production cost is low, the product strength height is fit to the flyash brick of large-scale pipeline suitability for industrialized production and its production method.
Flyash brick of the present invention is finished by following scheme: it comprises flyash, lime, gypsum, cement and aggregate, its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 70-80, lime 7-13, gypsum 0-1.3, cement 0-5, the aggregate surplus, described flyash is to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, and the granularity of lime and gypsum is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the medium coarse sand or the stone flour of two district's gratings.
In above-mentioned prescription, the consumption of gypsum is about 1/10th of lime consumption, and it mainly acts on is the water that generates in the absorption reaction, when the amount of unslaked lime in the lime is enough, can add gypsum, when all being white lime in the lime, need to add the gypsum of lime consumption 1/10th.
Fly-ash mortar of the present invention comprises raw materials such as flyash, lime, cement and aggregate, and its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 70-80, and lime 7-13, cement 0-5, the aggregate surplus, the granularity of lime is more than 200 orders.
The flyash that power plant's fluidizing furnace is discharged has system ash, first level flour coal ash and three kinds of ranks of second class powered coal ash.The system ash is exactly the original ash that is varied by the granularity that power plant's fluidizing furnace is discharged, and its quality is minimum in three kinds of other flyash of level.In such scheme, the flyash that is used for brickmaking is the system ash.Being used to make the flyash of building by laying bricks or stones with mortar also is the system ash, but is used to make the flyash of decoration mortars such as sticking brick or mosaic, must use one-level or second class powered coal ash.
The lime that uses among the present invention, existing white lime also has unslaked lime, and unslaked lime needn't be fully through clearing up processing, and the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, in the lime half-cooked lime can not be arranged.The gypsum that uses among the present invention just must use in the brickmaking technology that adopts natural curing, can use in the brickmaking technology that adopts steam press maintenance, also can.Cement described in the present invention in brickmaking, can be used, also can, and the label of used cement is not strict with.The aggregate that uses among the present invention when making heavy-load bearing brick, must adopt the medium coarse sand or the stone flour of two district's gratings, when making nonweight-bearing light cinder brick or mortar, can use, and also can.
The method that realizes above-mentioned brickmaking scheme is: flyash, the aggregate of described proportioning raw materials sent into stirred (all need not to add water in the whole process of stirring) in the muller formula mulling stirrer, rolled 2-3 minute, again with lime, when in the proportioning raw materials gypsum being arranged again with gypsum, again cement is added when in the proportioning raw materials cement being arranged in the stirrer and stir, roll about 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound is sent in the brick machine with the pressure compression moulding that is not less than 1,600 thousand Ns, at last adobe is carried out natural curing or vapor cure certain hour, promptly got the flyash brick finished product.
The method that realizes above-mentioned system mortar is: with the flyash and the lime of described proportioning raw materials, when in the proportioning raw materials cement being arranged again and cement, send into together and add water in the muller formula mulling stirrer and stir, roll about 10 minutes, amount of water is decided according to the humidity of the mortar of required production, promptly gets the fly-ash mortar finished product.
Because the flyash of consumption maximum is that fluidizing furnace burns the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground among the present invention, not only price is low for it, and itself has the moisture of 15%-18%, and (popular discrimination method is to pick up a system ash with hand, hold that it can be agglomerating in the hand, it can scatter to unclamp hand, illustrate that promptly its water content is fit to), thereby raw material need not to add water in the whole process that stirs.Because the unslaked lime of 2%-5% is arranged in the used lime, and the ratio that used flyash cooperates with lime is more reasonable, and the pressure of compression moulding is appropriate, thereby makes raw material by stirring, pressure forming and maintenance processes, can fully fully react, generate the silicate product.Particularly unslaked lime is wherein not only directly participated in reaction, but the water that is generated in the absorption reaction, thereby the balance of reaction is moved to the direction that generates silicate, it can play the effect that intensifies, what help reacting fully carries out, so in the production process of flyash brick of the present invention, just need not increase other manufacturing procedure and handled, thereby the production technique of flyash brick of the present invention is simple especially, can prepare burden at that time, stirred at that time, compression moulding at that time, be particularly suitable for the extensive continuous industry production of streamline, the production cost of brick low (production cost of flyash brick of the present invention is also lower than the production cost of clay brick) not only, and the resistance to compression of brick, the folding strength height, can reach the Mu10 and the Mu15 level of regulation among the JC239-2001 " flyash brick " easily, and because the compact structure of brick, thereby the sound insulation of brick, heat insulation, good seepage-proof property, do not absorb water, counter tide (because hydrated glass etc. can not cause the raw material or the medium of counter tide) not, the quality of brick is also more stable in production in enormous quantities.Fly-ash mortar of the present invention then has the following advantages: hanging is firm, bonding force is strong, do back slurry mouth does not ftracture, can be used for laying bricks, batch ash etc., built operation by laying bricks or stones, also can be used for decorative operations such as sticking brick, mosaic, reach saving cement, the purpose that reduces cost.
The drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the technological process of production figure of flyash brick of the present invention.
Embodiment
Enforcement of the present invention is to finish on the production line of Laibin City, Guangxi hawk Building Materials Factory.3000 square metres of the production site deficiencies of this factory are under-capitalized 2,000,000 yuan, employee's less than 25 people, adopt the present invention after, can produce 3000 per year surplus ten thousand flyash standard bricks.The product of implementing is produced in batches and sampling by the on-the-spot supervision of official that Guang Xiqiang corrects, send the building material product quality monitoring testing station check of Administration of Quality and Technology Supervision of autonomous region then respectively and entrust national building materials industry wall roofing quality of materials supervision and inspection center to detect, all project all meets the requirement of JC239-2001 " flyash brick " standard MU15 level salable product and acceptable end product: the ultimate compression strength mean value of brick is 15.7MPa, and the monolithic minimum value is 14.7Mpa; Folding strength mean value is 4.6MPa, and the monolithic minimum value is 3.7Mpa; Freezing back ultimate compression strength mean value is 14.6Mpa, and dry mass loss monolithic value is 0.2-0.5%; Dry shrinkage is 0.72mm/m; Intensity is 13.0Mpa after the carbonization, and COEFFICIENT K c is 0.83.Guang Xiqiang corrects and just requires as early as possible the present invention to be applied in the whole district and the whole nation.
First example of the invention process is: the proportioning raw materials of flyash brick % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 70, lime 13, aggregate 17, described flyash is to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, and described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, and the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, the granularity of lime is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the medium coarse sand of two district's gratings.Its production method is: the flyash of weight ratio 70% and 17% aggregate are sent into stirring in the muller formula mulling stirrer, rolled 2-3 minute, again 13% lime added restir in the stirrer, roll about 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound sent into the pressure with 1,600 thousand Ns is pressed into the standard adobe that specification is 240 * 115 * 53mm in the YZP160-8A type disc-rotation type octal brick pressing machine, with adobe natural curing 5-7 days and leave standstill 23-21 days (also can regard natural curing 28 days together as), promptly get standard flour coal-dust brick finished product at last.
Second example implementing is: the proportioning raw materials of flyash brick % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 7, aggregate 13, described flyash is to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, and described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, and the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, the granularity of lime is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the stone flour of two district's gratings.Its production method is, the flyash of weight ratio 80% and 13% aggregate are sent into stirring in the muller formula mulling stirrer, rolled 2-3 minute, again 7% lime added restir in the stirrer, roll about 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound sent into the pressure with 1,600 thousand Ns is pressed into the standard adobe that specification is 240 * 115 * 53mm in the YZP160-8A type disc-rotation type octal brick pressing machine, at last adobe is sent into and used atmospheric steam curing 24 hours in the curing kilns, promptly get the flyash brick finished product.
The 3rd example of implementing is: the proportioning raw materials of flyash brick % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 10, gypsum 1, aggregate 9, described flyash are to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, and the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, and the granularity of lime and gypsum is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the stone flour of two district's gratings.Its production method is: the aggregate of the flyash of weight ratio 80% and 9% is sent in the muller formula mulling stirrer stirred 2-3 minute, again the gypsum of 10% lime and 1% is added in the stirrer restir about 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound sent into the pressure with 1,600 thousand Ns is pressed into the standard adobe that specification is 240 * 115 * 53mm in the YZP160-8A type disc-rotation type octal brick pressing machine, at last adobe is sent in the curing kilns, under 1-1.3MPa pressure and 170-200 ℃ of temperature vapor cure 6-8 hour, promptly get the flyash brick finished product.
The 4th example of implementing is: the proportioning raw materials of flyash brick % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 7, gypsum 1, cement 3, aggregate 9, described flyash is to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, the granularity of lime and gypsum is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the medium coarse sand of two district's gratings.Its production method is, the aggregate of the flyash of weight ratio 80% and 9% sent in the muller formula mulling stirrer stirred 2-3 minute, again the cement of 7% lime, 1% gypsum and 3% is added in the stirrer restir about 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound sent into the pressure with 1,600 thousand Ns is pressed into the standard adobe that specification is 240 * 115 * 53mm in the YZP160-8A type disc-rotation type octal brick pressing machine, at last adobe is sent in the curing kilns, under 1-1.3MPa pressure and 170-200 ℃ of temperature vapor cure 6-8 hour, promptly get the flyash brick finished product.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of flyash brick, it comprises flyash, lime, gypsum, cement and aggregate, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 70-80, lime 7-13, gypsum 0-1.3, cement 0-5, aggregate surplus, described flyash are to burn the mass fly ashes that nature is stacked at the stock ground with fluidizing furnace, and the content sum of silicon-dioxide in this mass fly ashes and ferric oxide is more than 35%, described lime comprises unslaked lime and white lime, the amount of unslaked lime is the 2%-5% of lime total amount, and the granularity of lime and gypsum is more than 200 orders, and aggregate is the medium coarse sand or the stone flour of two district's gratings.
2, by the described a kind of flyash brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 70, lime 13, aggregate 17.
3, by the described a kind of flyash brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 7, aggregate 13.
4, by the described a kind of flyash brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 10, gypsum 1, aggregate 9.
5, by the described a kind of flyash brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials % ratio is by weight counted: flyash 80, lime 7, gypsum 1, cement 3, aggregate 9.
6, production method by claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of flyash bricks, it is characterized in that: flyash, the aggregate of described proportioning raw materials are sent in the muller formula mulling stirrer stirred 2-3 minute, again with lime, when in the proportioning raw materials gypsum being arranged again with gypsum, again cement is added when in the proportioning raw materials cement being arranged in the stirrer and stirred 5 minutes, make mixing of materials even, compound is sent in the brick machine with the pressure compression moulding that is not less than 1,600 thousand Ns, at last adobe is carried out natural curing or vapor cure certain hour, promptly got the flyash brick finished product.
7, by the production method of the described a kind of flyash brick of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described brick machine is a YZP160-8A type disc-rotation type octal brick pressing machine.
CNB2004100695168A 2004-06-30 2004-06-30 Bricks and mortar made from fly ash and preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN1278982C (en)

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CN101216388B (en) * 2007-12-28 2010-08-11 西安墙体材料研究设计院 Mortar for wall brick strength test
CN100588525C (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-02-10 北京工业大学 Wall heat insulation material preparing method
CN101844904B (en) * 2010-06-10 2012-12-05 西北大学 Brucite fiber reinforced fly ash composite material
CN105254278A (en) * 2015-10-17 2016-01-20 无为县华标新型墙体材料有限公司 Red fly ash sintered brick material
CN105272095A (en) * 2015-10-17 2016-01-27 无为县华标新型墙体材料有限公司 Light fly-ash brick
CN106365590A (en) * 2016-08-28 2017-02-01 北海金匠水泥制品有限责任公司 Energy-saving cement brick
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CN106348698A (en) * 2016-08-28 2017-01-25 北海金匠水泥制品有限责任公司 Manufacturing method of chemical-erosion-resistant cement brick
CN106746995A (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-05-31 吴硕 A kind of concrete inhales acoustic brick and preparation method thereof
CN107555959A (en) * 2017-09-27 2018-01-09 宿州市埇桥区三八街道九里村兴农服务有限公司 A kind of porous acoustic brick and its production method
CN107663047A (en) * 2017-09-27 2018-02-06 宿州市埇桥区三八街道九里村兴农服务有限公司 A kind of flyash brick and its production method
CN110451910A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-15 徐州永腾建材有限公司 A kind of manufacturing method for hardening flyash brick
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CN114735983B (en) * 2022-05-09 2023-02-17 同济大学 Coal ash brick containing fluidized bed sulfur fixation ash and preparation method thereof
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