CN1277312A - Rotor engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotor engine is one special internal combustion engine developed from piston-type engine. It has inside a closed annular cavity a rotating partition board driven by combusting gas, a matched clutch and a controller to cooperate the action of producing power outwards. In principle, it has over two times of power generating capacity higher than a piston type engine. It has wide potential application range. It has still some technological problems to be solved, such as the optimization of structure to eliminate the dead zone after rotation of partition board, the practicability and the sensitivity of controller, clutch and other parts and the development of self-lubricating sealing material.

Description

Rotary engine

General introduction

The rotor of this rotary engine is that to do the circumference transhipment of general garden in the annular chamber of sealing moving, and finishes air-breathing, compression, work and four strokes of exhaust.Compare with reciprocating engine, structure is simpler, and on principle, the instantaneous pressure maximum that it is produced in the time of can burning burning mixture is converted into useful work fully and is exported or store, and has overcome the major defect that reciprocating engine exists in this respect.Structurally, in a certain discharge capacity scope of setting, the change of discharge capacity is stepless between each rotary engine, can set arbitrarily as required, be subjected to the restriction of existing conditions of manufacture hardly, but also can make the composite fabricated rotor motor, thereby also flexible production line just is set with comparalive ease.This motor, people are pursuing, and Wankel RC configuration just occurred as far back as 1950's, have died young afterwards.But people more still constantly study this problem from modern environmental requirement, as becoming internal-combustion engine into electronic, solve the two angie type rotary engine with belt power issue, design that adapt with carrying fuel with internal-combustion engine (wankel be trigonometric expression) etc.This rotary engine has kept the advantage (four-stroke or two-stroke) of reciprocating engine from principle, the blade (dividing plate) that promotes the mutual restriction of rotor in the internal combustion mode is done simple rotatablely moving and is done work, this triggering that rotatablely moves is controlled, in the hope of reaching the perfect combustion of mixed gas, certainly, difficulty and risk exist.

Working principle

The rotor of present this rotary engine is set with two pairs of dividing plates (as Fig. 1 of accompanying drawing), and 1,2 is a pair of, and 3,4 is a pair of, and they are divided into A, B, C, D four districts to a whole garden, and the B district is the firing chamber, and two spark plugs 5 and a detection mouth 6 are housed; The D district is separated relief opening 7 and intakeport 8 by dividing plate; The A district is air-breathing district and compressing area; The C district is working area and exhaust area.Figure 1 shows that the home position of dividing plate, 1,2 and 3,4 actions simultaneously respectively.1,2 and 3,4 by sense of rotation shown in Figure 1, and a transposition is a half cycles, and twice transposition is a circulation.Burning by burning mixture in the firing chamber increases air pressure, by the coordination of control gear (seeing Fig. 3 of accompanying drawing), ideal is in the time just will arriving instantaneous pressure maximum, just forces their transposition (operating states of this imagination, whether be the optimum state, wait experiment).When transposition, dividing plate 1 is discharged the C district remaining waste gas of a last circulation and acting, and the mixed gas that while dividing plate 2 is inhaled the last circulation in A district compresses and the new mixed gas of inspiration, and arrives dividing plate 3,4 residing positions, 3,4 to 1,2 former residing positions, finish half cycles; When dividing plate 3,4 and dividing plate 1,2 once more during transposition, it is identical that dividing plate 3,4 also plays a part dividing plate 1,2, finishes a circulation.So, constantly repeatedly, and make circulation continuously.When transposition was not in place, spark plug misfired.On principle, it also has the dead band in operation process, the dead band is in each circuit later stage, but it is much that the scope in dead band has, with the relation of the inertia of dividing plate own and should apply external force or suitably control and don't waste energy at that, dividing plate is restored smoothly, and this will be by testing definite respectively and overcoming.The discharge capacity of rotary engine is big more in addition, and starting power is to adopt classification to start gradually also along with increase, or pressurising (charging into the burning mixture of certain pressure to the firing chamber) starts, or combined launch, this will also will pass through test from handling with feasibility economically.

Performance and gross data

In order to discuss the performance of this rotary engine quickly and easily, at first, examination is contrasted the service behaviour of the service behaviour of reciprocating engine (power character) with rotary engine in theory, and the difference on both performances just relatively can clearly illustrate.Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing is the fundamental diagram of reciprocating engine, when the crank of bent axle turns over upper dead center, as at 10 °--and igniting between 15 °, then the thrust F that produces of piston tip is decomposed into the power F that can outwards do work _t, then:

F _t=FSin (15 °+α)=FSin (15 °+4.24 °)=0.3295258F, or:

F _t＝FSin(10°+α)＝FSin(10°+2.844°)＝0.2223F

The effective utilization rate of thermal energy of hence one can see that reciprocating engine has only more than 20% to more than 30%.Therefore, no matter how reciprocating engine changes, this restrictive factor is difficult to overcome.And the thrust that rotary engine burning mixture burning back produces is directly to promote dividing plate to rotate, and does not have the relation of percentage, and like this, its service behaviour (power character) should have more than the twice of reciprocating engine at least.And before and after igniting,, not having dead band (in the dividing plate rotation later stage dead band is arranged, this also is one of fatal problem of this rotary engine) as long as control is proper, this is just more favourable and superior.Add the can regulate of firing time and can control automatically that be not subjected to pining down of rotating speed basically, simultaneously inspiratory duration increases relatively, makes burning mixture might reach perfect combustion, reduces to greatest extent and pollutes.

Fig. 3 is the designed rotary engine main body that is used for medium truck, and overall dimension is about:

1100×550×600

Be its relevant some calculated data (rough) below.

The work area of supposing dividing plate is 100cm ²

The average turning radius of dividing plate is 12cm

The gas pressure (first pressing) that compression ends is 3kg/cm ²

The instantaneous pressure maximum of burning back gas is 10kg/cm ²

The quiet moment of torsion of then instantaneous theoretical maximum:

T=100 * 10 * 12/100=120 kilogram-metre

If the instantaneous pressure maximum of burning back gas is 12kg/cm ², then:

T=100 * 12 * 12/100=144 kilogram-metre

(3kg/cm is only got in first pressing here ², because the big more starting power of first pressing is big more)

Secondly, be the energy storage problem this be subsidiary issue, reciprocating engine does not have.No matter whether energy storage can realize or whether conform with ideal, but this problem merits attention and deals carefully with.

Be the rough calculation data of energy storage below.

The wheel rim weight of supposing flywheel among Fig. 3 is 10kg,

The average turning radius of flywheel rim is 14cm

When the flywheel rotating speed was 1000 rev/mins, energy stored was: $W=\frac{1}{2}J{\mathrm{\ω}}^2=\frac{{\mathrm{GD}}^2}{8g}{\mathrm{\ω}}^2=\frac{10{\left(0.28\right)}^2}{8g}{(\mathrm{\πn}/30)}^2=\frac{10\×0.0748}{80}{\left(\frac{3.14\×1000}{30}\right)}^2$

In the time of 1500 rev/mins, for:

In the time of 2000 rev/mins, for:

In the time of 2500 rev/mins, for:

In the time of 3000 rev/mins, for:

If the energy of fly wheel system autophage is reduced to minimum, also outwards export energy by flywheel, this is highly significant.

Like this, if make rotary engine when 2500 rev/mins of flywheel turn ups, automatic stopping in the time of 1000 rev/mins, starts automatically, and this not only can energy saving, and does not at this moment also pollute.Certainly, this also will be by test.

Again secondly, because this rotary engine does not have tangible radial component, vibration also can reduce.

Structure characteristic (referring to Fig. 3 of accompanying drawing)

This rotary engine is developed by reciprocating engine, therefore, maintains air-breathing, compression, work and four strokes of exhaust.Reciprocating engine is to-and-fro motion to be converted to rotatablely move do work, be that piston is used in masterpiece by connecting rod on the crank of bent axle and does work, and rotary engine is directly to do work by rotatablely moving, promptly crank is become dividing plate (or other title), active force is directly done work perpendicular to the dividing plate working surface all the time.The cause of this mode of work-doing should be based oneself upon.Key is with what kind of structure to achieve this end.Owing to cancelled to-and-fro motion, only rotatablely move, thereby the enclosed cavity of piston head is become the annular chamber of sealing, and (garden maybe need not be put in order in the garden of putting in order; Here usefulness is whole garden), the dividing plate of acting is called input element (to call input in the following text), the axle journal of bent axle is called output element (to call output in the following text).Mate with the structure (clutch) separating and unify between input and output, and coordinated with control gear (unit), promptly input and output are to be one when acting and feedback, and all the other are separation.From reality and known to Der Grundsatz der Maschinen, this structure can achieve the above object on principle, and is a kind of common structure, various combination.The structure characteristic of this rotary engine that Here it is also is patent place (a more detailed situation, in case of necessity, can be referring to fabrication drawing).Because this rotary engine is easy to modification, therefore, need only the rotary engine that clutch coupling, control gear coordination are arranged between input and output with the annular chamber of sealing, no matter pattern how, all belongs to the category of this rotary engine.

Other

1, the Stamping Steel Ribbon used of dividing plate must be oil-free lubrication material (self lubricating material) and can carry out machining, and is wear-resistant.

2, reliability of control gear etc. and the sensitivity deep discussion of still needing.

3, short of electricity gas system.

4, full machine has automatic lubricating system and rotor and stator that coolant circuit is all arranged.

5, Fig. 3 is through three amended first part of production drawings, needs through trial-production, test, raising and miniaturization.

Annotate: 1, Fig. 1 is " a rotary engine fundamental diagram "

2, Fig. 2 is " a reciprocating engine fundamental diagram ".Among the figure, L is for connecting

Bar, its right-hand member is connected with piston, left end is connected r with bent axle

Crank for bent axle.

Claims (1)

1. This rotary engine is developed by reciprocating engine, and the gas-powered dividing plate by burning in the annular chamber of sealing turns round, and the clutch coupling is arranged, and control gear is coordinated outwards prime mover of acting, is a kind of novel extraordinary internal-combustion engine.

   So long as with the annular chamber (whole garden or non-whole garden) of sealing, the clutch coupling is arranged between input element (being called " dividing plate " in the specification) and output element, the rotary engine that control gear is coordinated is no matter pattern how, all belongs to the category of this rotary engine.

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