CN1263365C

CN1263365C - High yield cultivation technology of cold-resitant late peach (Qiante Fushou Peach

Info

Publication number: CN1263365C
Application number: CN 03159575
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈福贵
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-09-24
Filing date: 2003-09-24
Publication date: 2006-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2023-09-24
Also published as: CN1496673A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-yield culture technique of cold-resistant seedling late-ripening peach (Qiantefu Birthday peach). variants in naturally raised seedlings from cores of Qianshan kansu peach as a common local peach in Qianshan Region, anshan City, Liaoning province are grafted and selected to obtain the invented peach, so the parent namely Qianshan kansu peach is selected as an approximate variety. The high-yield culture technique comprises the biological characteristics of the cold-resistant seedling late-ripening peach (Qiantefu Birthday peach), the technique of spraying integrated eradicants of illness and pests in the peach rest period, the technique of spraying integrated eradicants of illness and pests, the technique of EM (Effective Microorganisms) microbiological preparations, etc. The cold-resistant seedling late-ripening peach (Qiantefu Birthday peach) has the advantages of high sugar content, strong plants, green foods without remained pesticide, sound fruit quality, fragrant flavor and natural storage for over 15 days, supplies peach markets in slack seasons and also promotes the development of the storing and processing industry.

Description

The culture technique of cold-resitant late peach

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of culture technique of cold-resitant late peach, this technical method is applicable to the offspring of growing directly from seeds of peach, the cold-resitant late peach that the new varieties Qiante Fushou Peach that is generated by natural variation is bred.

Background technology

At present, the principal item of domestic northern area peach is No. 2, Ilyushin, sunny, yellow meat peento, Feng Baitao (sweet white peach) and chrysanthemum Huang, more than the blades of 5 kind peaches greatly enhance 16.12cm, wide 2.96cm most, small nut heavily is 4g, contain and can hold total reducing sugar: wherein Feng Bai peach (sweet white peach) sugar content is the highest, is 11 °.There is certain difference cold-resitant late peach Qiante Fushou Peach thing marquis's phase because of the time is different, in Liaoning Area: the budding period is 29～April 18 March, initial bloom stage is on April 16～30, full-bloom stage is 21～May 2 April, Flowers ending is 27～May 8 April, fructescence is 15～20 September, 130～150 days breeding times of fruit.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be northern area fruit slack season, a kind of culture technique of sweet cold-resitant late peach is provided.

The culture technique content Description of cold-resitant late peach of the present invention:

The culture technique of cold-resitant late peach of the present invention, it is characterized in that selecting for use the Qiante Fushou Peach with following characteristics: its biological property is medium for tree body size, the multiple bud of flower bud areloe state, calyx Tong inwall color is greenish-yellow, the wide ellipse of petal shape, the position of the relative petal of stamen is low, the relative flower pesticide of column cap position is low, in the blade aspect ratio, the blade shape ellipse drapes over one's shoulders pin, the blunt point in phyllopodium angle, leaf color is green, there is blade tip to roll up outward, petiole has 2 in the close gland of kidney shape, observe fruit shape circle from the outside of belly, fruit top shape caves in slightly, the fruit colour is red, in the flesh firmness, the sweet acidity of fruit is sweet, nuclear phase is little to fruit, shaped flat is observed in the nuclear side, examine sticking sticking from property, in the leaf bud sprout time, in the flowering time, evening fruit maturation time, evening fallen leaves time;

Spray comprehensive disease, worm, evil eradicant in the resting stage of peach, its drug effect can remain to 5～June of next year, sprays 2 low toxic pesticides at the beginning of the May and 7 months of tree bulk-growth phase; Careless technology soil moisture conservation is carried out in employing, the acceleration farmyard manure becomes thoroughly decomposed and prevent weeds propagation and widespread, and uses physical technique---trunk gluing ring mythimna separata agent desinsection, insect protected; Use the EM microorganism formulation and promote plant strain growth, increase the absorption of photosynthesis and plant, thereby more increased its sugar content moisture content, mineral salt.

The composition of comprehensive disease, worm, evil eradicant is:

Adding 200～300 times of liquid of penta sodium pentachlorophenate, quicklime 6～8kg, salt 1kg, vegetable and animals oils 0.3kg with Baume degrees 3～5 degree lime sulfurs forms through abundant mixed preparing;

Lime sulfur wherein: be by lime, sulphur, water heating-up temperature to the 100 ℃ dark red brown liquid that is brewed into;

Low toxic pesticide is the agricultural chemicals that adopts the killing aphids of selling on the market;

Glue ring mythimna separata agent: be after adopting 2 parts of diesel oil or used oil heating, to put into 1 part of colophony powder, make after dissolving;

EM is an Effective Microorganisms microorganism formulation: it is that 5 sections 10 are belonged to the liquid that the compound cultivation of kind of microorganism forms surplus in the of 80, aerobic microorganism and anaerobies microorganism are wherein surviving, it is the microorganism group that has the direction of regeneration developing ability in occurring in nature regeneration and the collapse both direction, by photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, the formed EM that flocks together such as aspergillus, and breeding is got up in soil, in the secretion that these regeneration Institute of Micro-biology discharge, contain a large amount of amino acid in addition, organic matter, the nutriment that plant such as polysaccharose and vitamin is required.

Cold-resitant late peach sugar content height of the present invention, the strong pollution-free food that becomes no drug residue of its plant, fruit is best in quality, fruity is fragrant, can store naturally more than 15 days, replenishes the market in dull season of peach fruit, can also drive the development of storage processing industry simultaneously

Embodiment

The culture technique of cold-resitant late peach of the present invention is bred the experimental tests of plantation cloth in Liaoning Province's Anshan Area, breeding nursery stock, carry out biological property and high-yield culture technique research, commerial growing in 2002, now to breed peach 10000 strains, being to adopt the local common peach of Anshan, Liaoning Province Qianshan District variant that generates in growing seedlings of numerous mountains wild peach nuclear nature one by one, forming through the grafting seed selection, thereby select its parent---the numerous mountains wild peach is approximate kind.

Its high-yield culture technique: the resting stage behind the annual fallen leaves of peach is in the fall sprayed comprehensive disease, worm, bacterium eradicant, and its drug effect can remain to 5～June of next year, avoid vegetative period peach leaves and green fruit tissue pesticide resistance weak easily to produce insect pest and medicine residual.Peach body resting stage is the weak link of damage by disease and insect existence relative thin, sprays strong drug effect long disease, worm, bacterium eradicant, and wherein penta sodium pentachlorophenate is the steriland herbicide of tagging, and doublely simultaneously kills multiple fruit diseases and tetranychid; Lime sulfur can directly go into to corrode cell wall of germ and the body wall of insect at first, then be subjected in the air oxygen and the carbonic acid gas effect free sulfur that dissociates, active strong free sulfur can enter in the cause of disease thalline, disturbs its normal redox reaction, hinder the oxidation of succinic acid, reach the effect of sterilization; Salt has the effect of concentration reverse osmosis, can make damage by disease and insect produce body fluid after contact and exosmose and reach sterilization; Quicklime has very strong corrosiveness, and it can corrode the damage by disease and insect body wall, and it burns attached to preventing on the limb of peach day, has the effect that flashes back the sunlight, and the protection penta sodium pentachlorophenate is not subjected to it or is subjected to solar radiation less, protects it to kill the effect of damage by disease and insect; Vegetable and animals oils makes the medicine difficult drop-off on can be attached to soup behind the medicine liquid spray, increases the drug effect phase, can make the drug effect phase reach 5～6 months.Comprehensive disease, worm, bacterium eradicant can kill pathogen, insect and the ovum of hiding effectively, can reduce germ infringement in 1 year and pest damage.

At the beginning of the May and 7 months of tree bulk-growth phase, spray 2 low toxic pesticides; Adopt to carry out careless technology soil moisture conservation, the green grass of pulling out is deposited in tree root partly preserves soil moisture, quicken farmyard manure and become thoroughly decomposed and prevent weeds propagation and widespread and adopt physical technique with glue ring desinsection, insect protected, the applications of farmyard manure increase fertilizer efficiency that preserves soil moisture; Use physical technique---trunk gluing ring mythimna separata agent desinsection, insect protected; Use the EM microorganism formulation and promote plant strain growth, the EM microorganism formulation that adopts new capital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province EM biologic product factory to produce.It is by the synthetic multifunction active bacteria preparation of multiple beneficial bacterium such as photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete.Its use can promote each seed amino acid of fruit tree, vitamin, antiviral and growth factors enhancing metabolic functions such as polyphenoils and various physiological activators.Promote fruit tree growth directly or indirectly, improve quality, the EM preparation is the desirable means of production of producing the nuisanceless green fruit, can increase photosynthesis and plant to the absorption of moisture content, mineral salt, the quality of raising polyphenoils, energy three-dimensional ground is compiled, the empty G﹠W in the soil is purified, the tree body will be vigorous, strengthen photosynthesis, the peach blade obviously shows green, plump behind the sprinkling EM, growing way is vigorous, thereby has more increased its sugar content.

Cold-resitant late peach fruit of the present invention is best in quality, fruit is hidden fragrance, can store naturally more than 15 days.Through its fruit composition of Agricultural University Of Shenyang's Food Inspection: contain solvable total reducing sugar 17.59%, titratable total acid 0.35%, V _C2.82mg/100g, tannin 0.08%, dry matter 11.07%, soluble solid 8.8%, pH value 4.3, belt leather hardness 12.9kg/cm ², peeling hardness 9.1kg/cm ²In calendar year 2001 the 1st result.Experienced 2000 the winter～the big freeze injury of spring calendar year 2001 fifty year return period, have 30% freeze injury takes place to freeze to death at jujube, peach, the Japanese plum of Anshan Area plantation, yet cold-resistant late peach (Qiante Fushou Peach) peach is safe and sound.

Claims

1, a kind of cultivation method of cold-resitant late peach, it is characterized in that selecting for use the Qiante Fushou Peach with following characteristics: its biological property is medium for tree body size, the multiple bud of flower bud areloe state, calyx Tong inwall color is greenish-yellow, the wide ellipse of petal shape, the position of the relative petal of stamen is low, the relative flower pesticide of column cap position is low, in the blade aspect ratio, the blade shape ellipse drapes over one's shoulders pin, the blunt point in phyllopodium angle, leaf color is green, there is blade tip to roll up outward, petiole has 2 in the close gland of kidney shape, observe fruit shape circle from the outside of belly, fruit top shape caves in slightly, the fruit colour is red, in the flesh firmness, the sweet acidity of fruit is sweet, nuclear phase is little to fruit, shaped flat is observed in the nuclear side, examine sticking sticking from property, in the leaf bud sprout time, in the flowering time, evening fruit maturation time, evening fallen leaves time;

Spray comprehensive disease, worm, evil eradicant in the resting stage of peach, its drug effect can remain to 5～June of next year, sprays 2 low toxic pesticides at the beginning of the May and 7 months of tree bulk-growth phase; Careless technology soil moisture conservation is carried out in employing, the acceleration farmyard manure becomes thoroughly decomposed and prevent weeds propagation and widespread, and uses physical method---trunk gluing ring mythimna separata agent desinsection, insect protected; Use the EM microorganism formulation and promote plant strain growth, increase the absorption of photosynthesis and plant, thereby more increased its sugar content moisture content, mineral salt.

2, the cultivation method of cold-resitant late peach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the composition of said comprehensive disease, worm, evil eradicant is:

Lime sulfur wherein: be by lime, sulphur, water heating-up temperature to the 100 ℃ dark red brown liquid that is brewed into.

3, the cultivation method of cold-resitant late peach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said low toxic pesticide is the agricultural chemicals that adopts the killing aphids of selling on the market.

4, the cultivation method of cold-resitant late peach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the agent of said glue ring mythimna separata: be after adopting 2 parts of diesel oil or used oil heating, to put into 1 part of colophony powder, make after dissolving.