CN1262904C - Control lever unit of construction machine - Google Patents
Control lever unit of construction machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1262904C CN1262904C CN 02124324 CN02124324A CN1262904C CN 1262904 C CN1262904 C CN 1262904C CN 02124324 CN02124324 CN 02124324 CN 02124324 A CN02124324 A CN 02124324A CN 1262904 C CN1262904 C CN 1262904C
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Abstract
A rotating shaft (6) is supported with O-rings (17 and 18) in annular space between a bearing part (3a) and the rotating shaft (6) of the control lever (5). The O-rings (17 and 18) come to close contact with the surfaces of the rotating shaft (6) and the bearing part (3a) to relatively rotate in accordance with the rotation of the rotating shaft (6). The rotating shaft (6) receives required sliding resistance by contact pressure to the O-rings (17 and 18). A structure, in which the rotating shaft of the control lever and a damper mechanism are arranged independently, vertically and serially, is eliminated, and rotation resistance is directly given to the rotating shaft (6) by the sliding resistance to act as reaction force to the control lever (5). So, a control lever device of the present invention which can be compactified as a whole by simplifying the structure of a damper that gives resistance to the operation force of a control lever for operating an operating machine, etc., such as a machine for construction/civil engineering works, is inexpensive, can be easily assembled and also has excellent operatability by preventing erroneous operation of the control lever.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to that a kind of manipulation is used to build, the joy stick unit of Construction of Civil Engineering and similar applications construction machinery.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of its and be used for applying to operating lever operation power the joy stick unit of the damping portion designs simplification of resistance, the simplification of this damping structure makes whole unit compact and improved the efficiency of assembling of joy stick unit.
Background technology
Variously be used for building/the walked construction machinery (for example hydraulic actuated excavator) of civil engineering work, on a travel unit, be provided with a turning unit that can rotate around vertical axis.On near the turning unit the Vehicular body front, be provided with a pilothouse and be provided with bonnet at the rear portion of car body.Turning unit is equipped with an operation unit such as suspension rod, semi-girder or scraper bowl at Vehicular body front.Various instrument, switch and similar apparatus are housed in the described in front pilothouse, also comprise a joy stick unit, it is manually operated to rotate turning unit, to handle operation unit and actuating vehicle for the operator who is sitting on the position of driver.
For example in Japan patent applicant announce 7-91407, just announced an example of such operating rod with this spline structure.In the joy stick unit of being announced in this bulletin, block is installed on the bottom surface on pilothouse chassis by a mounting disc.Be fixed with a box main body on the end face of mounting disc.A rotation axis that is opposite on the same straight line at the box main body internal support, they can rotate around the transverse axis that passes cylindrical sleeve.Every rotation axis is fixed with a controls, and this controls approximate horizontal ground extends and is crossing with each shaft portion of rotation axis.
Be provided with a sliding eye in described in front and the corresponding block of rotation direction each controls, this sliding eye passes mounting disc and vertically extends.Support with vertical slip from piston (push rod) the insertion sliding eye of two ends of following promotion controls and by stage clip by it.Piston is made of the column that its inside has hollow space.A guiding valve that is communicated with/cuts out guiding the going out of hydraulic oil/oil-in flexibly is bearing in the hollow space by stage clip.
In addition, be provided with the recess of a rectangle at the top center place of block, it just in time is positioned at the rotation axis below of operating rod and is parallel to rotation axis extends.Rectangle piston accommodation box parts embed and are fixed in this recess.In these piston accommodation box parts, be provided with a piston container cavity that is parallel to rotation axis to pass the box parts.Pair of pistons is inserted in this piston container cavity, and each outer end of piston is exposed and can rotates around transverse axis.Between piston and box parts, sealed the high viscosity liquid of from oil-in, introducing in the formed annular space, as silicone oil.The end of exposing of piston connects by connecting link and is fixed to an operating rod rotation axis and exposes on the eccentric wheel part of end.Piston rotates in concert with the rotation axis rotation in the piston container cavity.In such rotation, it is subjected to the viscosity resistance from above-mentioned high viscosity liquid.The rotary resistance of piston applies by viscosity resistance, so just can apply the effect of damping to operating rod.
For example, Japan patent applicant announce 2001-51738 and 2001-56716 have announced the example of some joy stick units, and each in them all is provided with one and applies the liquid condenser of resistance to the operating rod rotating operation, and this damper is so-called dsah-pot.In the joy stick unit of announcing in these bulletins, the bar supporting mass is placed on the interior chassis of pilothouse, and has a sleeve pipe to fix and be bearing in the top center place of bar supporting mass.Operating rod is fixed swingably and is bearing on the summit portion of this sleeve pipe by an adjustable joint.According to the technology of being announced in the bulletin, in sleeve pipe, insert and be supported with one and be used for equally from the push rod of following surface elastic pushing operating rod, so that it vertically is being free to slide.On the bottom face of push rod, be provided with a stage clip that always upwards pushes away and one and be used for applying to operating rod the dsah-pot of operation counter-force by push rod.
In this traditional joy stick unit, when the manipulation bar so that its when rotating, the elastic force that push rod is being resisted spring moves down.Then, the oil in the fuel tank follows push rod to flow by excircle end and a hole of hydraulic damper piston, hinders the resistance that push rod moves to produce.The generation of this resistance can apply a damping action to push rod, so just can obtain the operation counter-force of operating rod.
Meanwhile, in this joy stick unit, operating rod is its (neutrality) position of not working of trend under the spring force effect of spring always.In the rotation of this operating rod, the bar operating physical force that the bar operating physical force that operating rod turns to when starting construction machinery to be produced is produced when being returned to its neutral position with operating rod is different.Therefore, the bar operating physical force of reverting bar is less than the bar operating physical force of bar direction of operating.By such bar operating physical force difference that hysteresis loop produced is to be decided by the sliding resistance that is produced between the joy stick unit parts.In general, for fear of the generation that rubs between the parts, the difference between the bar operating physical force of this direction of operating and the bar operating physical force of reverting bar is little.
If increasing the bar operating physical force that discharges operating rod when the bar operating physical force rotates operating rod with antagonistic spring thrust, operating rod just automatically reverts on its neutral position under the effect of spring restoring force.Because bar operating physical force difference that hysteresis phenomenon produced is less as mentioned above, so the wish that may surpass neutral position owing to the external force as body oscillating or impact and so on regard to the operating rod of getting back to neutral position easily and run counter to the operator is shifted to the position of an operation.Therefore, just may cause in the opposite direction or a unexpected rotating operation on the equidirectional.
Solved this problem as the damper of being announced in this bulletin, it is wanted not increase peripheral sliding part sliding resistance ground and applies resistance to the rotating operation of operating rod.If but the rotary resistance that strengthens operating rod by the resistance that increases damper, so just as announce in the above-mentioned bulletin that it just needs to strengthen the size of the damper in the joy stick unit, and does the size increase that can cause joy stick unit like this.
In the joy stick unit of in above-mentioned Japanese patent publication 7-91407, being announced, for the operating rod rotation axis that is installed on the valve body box main body, on the side of valve body block, be provided with a rotary type damper, utilize the viscous resistance of viscous liquid to apply resistance to the rotating operation of operating rod by it.This traditional joy stick unit can reduce the size of joy stick unit, and compares with 2001-56716 with Japan patent applicant announce 2001-51738, and it does not use expensive liquid condenser.But because the rotation axis of operating rod and damping mechanism install respectively successively vertical, thus also need to provide the space of an installation for damping mechanism, so the joy stick unit size to reduce be limited.In addition, as previously mentioned, the part count in this joy stick unit is many, so the installation step of each parts increases.Therefore assembly work needs a large amount of labour and time, thereby causes increasing of cost.
Particularly since among the Japan patent applicant announce 2001-56716 joy stick unit hydraulic damper announced be that mouth by the vertical piston that moves in fuel tank flows to produce resistance that the opposing push rod moves, so the size of piston rod must design longlyer than the set depth of fuel tank oil in fuel tank.Like this, except the installing space of fuel tank, also need the mobile space of a piston rod.Therefore just be difficult to guarantee the installing space in the fuel tank.Especially the shape and size of fuel tank may be subjected to the restriction of the installation site size in the Construction traffic pilothouse.Therefore, may become barrier, so just must strengthen the size of joy stick unit as the damped part of piston and so on.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can solve such problem.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of joy stick unit, it can realize on the whole compactness by simplifying the damping portion structure that applies resistance to the operating lever operation power that is used to handle building, civil engineering work or similar applications construction machinery, and its cost is low, be easy to assembling, can also prevent the maloperation of any operating rod, so it has good operability.
As the result of thinking better of repeatedly to address the above problem, obviously only between the rotation axis of operating rod and bearing portions, place a common sealing ring, could apply enough resistances to the rotating operation of operating rod.As the result who deeply considers for this point, we find that applying sliding resistance in the rotation axis of operating rod and the space between the bearing portions can solve the above problems effectively.
According to a first aspect of the invention, it provides a kind of manipulation to be used for building, the joy stick unit of civil engineering work and similar applications construction machinery, wherein the rotation axis of operating rod is rotatably supported on the bar supporting mass, described bar supporting mass has a bearing portions that is used for the described rotation axis of rotatably support and one sliding resistance in the annular space between bearing portions and rotation axis and produces part, described sliding resistance produces part and has a zone of being fixed at least a portion of one in bearing portions and the rotation axis, and have one with bearing portions and rotation axis in another the contacted zone of at least a portion, and described sliding resistance produces part and is made by the material that can produce frictional resistance in described and bearing portions or the contacted zone of rotation axis at least.
Joy stick unit of the present invention may be used on various types of being used at construction machinery transfer motor vehicles bodies, the running vehicle body of building machinery, civil engineering work machinery and similar applications machinery and the operating rod that starts operation unit.In addition, this operating rod can be applied to hydraulic control lever or electrically operated bar.According to the present invention, this sliding resistance produces part can comprise the material that has such as thermotolerance, rub resistance, toughness and similar characteristics, and this material can be the usual known seals that can be applicable to the vehicle braked material or be made of common synthetic resin, synthetic rubber or elastic metallic of people.The part sliding resistance produces partially fused or is fixed on the sliding contact surface of the operating rod rotation axis of at least a portion and its bearing portions.
According to the present invention, if the operator rotates operating rod, sliding resistance produces part and just closely contacts and rotate with respect to them with the surface of rotation axis and bearing portions.At this moment, rotation axis is subjected to producing from sliding resistance the predetermined sliding resistance of the contact pressure of part.Rotary resistance is applied on the rotation axis by this sliding resistance, so that it plays the effect of an operating lever operation counter-force.As mentioned above, according to the present invention, sliding resistance produces the sliding resistance that contact pressure has partly increased slipping plane between bearing portions and the rotation axis, so it can play an effect that directly applies the damper of resistance to rotation axis.
That is to say, in operating rod of the present invention, do not adopt the rotation axis of operating rod to separate the traditional structure of placing with the vertical straight line of damping mechanism, but the contact pressure that produces by sliding resistance generating unit branch produce a big sliding resistance on the slipping plane between rotation axis and the bearing portions.Thereby rotary resistance just directly affacts on the rotation axis.
As a result, in operating rod part of the present invention, do not adopt the expensive damping mechanism that is independent of control mechanism, and the rotation axis of operating rod keeps producing with sliding resistance the sliding contact of part.With regard to need not very big change is carried out in the design of existing joy stick unit like this, and the function of damping can be provided in the existing space zone that is fit to the operating rod main body.Therefore, the size that need not to strengthen damper as in traditional technology just can increase the hysteresis loss of operating rod, thereby has prevented the maloperation of any operating rod.In addition, the present invention just may obtain the joy stick unit that a kind of parts simple in structure are few, cost is low, assembly performance is excellent and the bar operating performance is stable.Moreover, the present invention also helps to make joy stick unit to become compact.
According to the present invention, sliding resistance produces part and comprises also that preferably a sliding resistance changes part, it can change sliding resistance according to the angle of rotation of operating rod, change in the part in described sliding resistance, internal diameter homogeneous and the different elasticity ring of outer radius portion be connected rotation axis and/or one and the slipper of rotation axis sliding contact on, perhaps, the periphery of rotation axis and/or one and the periphery of the slipper of rotation axis sliding contact be configured as the cross section of variation.
This sliding resistance of the present invention changes part and is arranged in the bearing portions inner peripheral surface various piece relative with the rotation axis outer circumference surface.The sliding contact surface of bearing portions and rotation axis all comes closely to contact/to break away from mutually according to bar rotational operation process king-rod angle of rotation, increases/reduce contact pressure between each sliding contact surface with this.Therefore, the sliding resistance of rotation axis changes with the operation sense that keeps a kind of operating rod and guarantees that maloperation can not take place.
According to the present invention, change part as sliding resistance, with an internal diameter homogeneous and the different elasticity ring of outer radius portion is placed on rotation axis and/or the sleeve interior surface, this sleeve is the slipper with the rotation axis sliding contact.Perhaps, the periphery of rotation axis and/or the inner peripheral surface of sleeve also can be shaped as the cross section of variation, as cam surface or ellipse.
With the cam surface is example, and it is in the maximum during at the bar neutral position of the contact pressure on the slipping plane between bearing portions and the rotation axis, and contact pressure reduces gradually and reach minimum value when the bar maximum rotated position.When from the neutral position of bar when the bar maximum rotated position is rotated operating rod, the contact pressure between bearing portions and the rotation axis and the rotation of operating rod as one man steadily reduce gradually, thereby sliding contact sliding resistance partly reduces.When conversely from the maximum rotated position of bar during to the neutral rotated position operating rod of bar, contact pressure between bearing portions and the rotation axis and operating rod rotate as one man to be increased gradually, thereby the sliding resistance on the increase sliding contact surface, make it greater than from the resistance of bar neutral position when the bar maximum rotated position manipulation bar.
Like this, according to the present invention, owing to be designed to reduce at the bar operating physical force that increases the angle of rotation direction, thereby be convenient to carry out trickle operation.Conversely, because the bar operating physical force when the bar operating physical force during reverting bar is designed to obviously increase to than increase bar angle of rotation direction is big, therefore even applied the unreasonable power such as body oscillating or collision on the operating rod that is pushed back neutral position under the spring force effect, operating rod also will never unexpectedly move on the bar operating position above the bar neutral position.So just can guarantee the accurate operation of operating rod.
Sliding resistance produces part and preferably partly is made of a monocycle part or dicyclo.
According to the present invention, ring embeds and also to be fixed in the annular groove part, and this annular groove section branch is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumference surface of operating rod rotation axis and/or rotation axis bearing portions.That is to say, because the part of sliding contact part closely contacts with the increase sliding resistance between ring maintenance and bearing portions and the rotation axis, thus just can apply desired operation counter-force to operating rod, and its cost is low, and structure is also simple.
According to the present invention, ring preferably has bigger friction factor.For example, ring can be by common endless metal, various sintered alloy, pottery, make by the organic liner made with rubber or the fixed various inorganic particles materials of synthetic resin and the C type resilient ring of excalation.By specifying shape, material, its installation site and the similar characteristics of ring, it just may prevent that operating rod from sending irrational trembling, and guarantees the optimum operating performance of joy stick unit effectively.In addition, with the material of ring, filled up lubricant in the space between ring and annular groove section are divided as lubricating oil and so on.Along with the rotation of rotation axis, foregoing lubricant is incorporated on the sliding contact surface of slipper forming a lubricant thin layer, thereby has limited the inter deterioration and the damage of sliding contact part.
Sliding resistance changes part and preferably is made up of cam surface.
According to the present invention, cam surface is a kind of typical structure that changes part as the sliding resistance of sliding resistance on the sliding contact surface between change bearing portions and the rotation axis.For example, be located at the convex wheel face on the bearing portions part inner peripheral surface and be located at evagination wheel face on the rotation axis part outer circumference surface can to separate a desired interval staggered relatively.
When being close to slip on the cam surface of angle of rotation at bearing portions of cam surface corresponding to operating rod of rotation axis, contact pressure has partly increased in tight contact site office.Conversely, if the cam surface of rotation axis is by relatively rotating the cam surface that leaves bearing portions, contact pressure just reduces.At this moment, the inside surface of rotation axis except cam surface forms part and bearing portions is with the mutual sliding contact of common contact pressure.Therefore, the sliding resistance of rotation axis can increase according to the angle of rotation of operating rod/reduces.Like this, just may realize that a kind of sliding resistance cheaply changes part according to the present invention, and its quantity that does not also increase parts simple in structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view according to the construction machinery joy stick unit of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along II-II line among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along III-III line among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 handles the curve map of feature for the rotation of explanation operating rod.
Fig. 5 is the signal drawing in side sectional elevation according to the operating rod structure major part of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the amplification signal drawing in side sectional elevation according to the operating rod slipper structure major part of third embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 7 is the amplification signal drawing in side sectional elevation according to the operating rod slipper structure major part of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the front view according to the construction machinery joy stick unit of first embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along II-II line among Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along III-III line among Fig. 2.Although according to the first embodiment of the present invention, be be used to build, the hydraulic control valve of civil engineering work and similar applications construction machinery is example, the present invention is not limited to this example, it can be applied in the electrical control valve or similarly on the valve.In addition, joy stick unit of the present invention can be applied in the various joy stick units of some operation of carrying out of similar applications construction machineries (for example can be dozer or hydraulic actuated excavator) such as various buildings, civil engineering work, these operations as rotate car body, running vehicle body or handle suspension rod and cantilever and so on working cell.
In these figure, the joy stick unit of label 1 expression first embodiment.This joy stick unit comprises that mainly is the valve body of bar supporting mass, and this valve body comprises a block 2, a box main body 3 and a mounting disc 4.Foregoing block 2 passes on the bottom surface that mounting disc 4 is contained in pilothouse (not shown) chassis, and box main body 3 is installed on the end face of mounting disc 4.
Core at box main body 3 is provided with a bearing portions 3a, and this part is roughly the solid slug of rectangle, shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Be provided with on the bearing portions 3a one its vertically on level pass its dead eye 3b, the rotation axis 6 of operating rod 5 embeds also and is supported on wherein.In bearing portions 3a, the rotation axis 6,6 of a pair of horizontal positioned passes friction tight from the outside cylindrical sleeve 7 around a transverse axis rotatably support, this is to make and be placed on the same straight line with carbon steel or low alloy steel to axle, their outer end is exposed, and bigger than the diameter of its insertion end.Operating rod 5 is secured to exposing on the end of each rotation axis 6 by tighting a bolt.On each rotation axis 6 controls 8 is installed, their approximate horizontal ground extends with crossing with the shaft portion of rotation axis 6.
With the corresponding part in 8 two ends of each controls in be formed with the sliding eye 2a of vertical extension, in their described in front blocks 2 and pass mounting disc 4, as shown in Figure 3.In sliding eye 2a, be provided with reduction valve 9 with corresponding with each end of each controls 8.This reduction valve 9 comprises that a guiding valve that is communicated with/closes oil-out 10 and oil-in 11 12, one place guiding valve 12 tops and pass that same cylindrical steady arm 13 is upwards pressed guiding valve 12 and be located first stage clip 14 in its off-position, a piston 15 and second stage clip 16 that is located in above-mentioned first stage clip 14 and guiding valve 12 is pushed to off-position that presses down guiding valve 12 with pressure to the cylindrical steady arm 13 of under shed, one.
Piston 15 constitutes by having the hollow space column.The upper part of guiding valve 12 passes steady arm 13, utilize that the pressure of each stage clip 14,16 inserts and flexibly be fixed at this hollow space.By piston 15 recited above, the elastic force of each stage clip 14,16 is from two ends of following flexibly push-tight controls 8.When being depressed under the piston 15 of reduction valve 9 is rotating the rotary action of operating rod 8, the elastic force that guiding valve 12 is being resisted each stage clip 14,16 is shifted to the position of connection, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil-feed 10 is discharged from oil-out 11.
The structure of Gou Zao operating rod 1 is usually known for people as described above, and the present invention is not limited to this example.
The present invention is characterized in that a sliding resistance produces the structure of part, it is arranged on the rotation axis 6 of operating rod 5 and supports between the bearing portions 3a of rotation axis 6, so that this part can be rotated around the horizontal axis that passes sleeve 7; And the critical piece that also is this structure.
According to this embodiment, the O-ring seal 17,18 that produces part as the sliding resistance with big friction factor is arranged between rotation axis 6 and the bearing portions 3a, and the placement of O-ring seal 17,18 closely remains between rotation axis 6 and the bearing portions 3a with supporting rotation axis 6 it.It is that contact pressure by each O-ring seal 17,18 increases the sliding resistance on the slipping plane between rotation axis 6 and the bearing portions 3a that this sliding resistance produces part, therefore rotary resistance is directly affacted on the rotation axis 6.
According to the present invention, sliding resistance produces part and comprises the material that has as thermotolerance, mar proof, toughness and similar characteristics, and it can be to be applied in usually to be the O shape ring that the brake material in the known vehicle of people, common endless metal, various types of sintered alloy, pottery, organic liner made from rubber or the fixed various inorganic particles of synthetic resin constitute, the C shape resilient ring and the materials similar of removing a part.Sliding resistance produces the part fusion or is fixed on the rotation axis 6 and the slipping plane between the bearing portions 3a of operating rod 5 of at least a portion.This annular element is not limited to round section, and it also can be that the cross section is the annular element of rectangle.When the sintering metal with foregoing non-elastic material produced part with pottery as sliding resistance, this sintering metal or pottery can circumferentially be arranged on the part outer peripheral face of rotation axis 6, and it is provided with the method that for example can adopt fusion.
According to first embodiment, the inside of sleeve 7 centers is designed to have the size of sleeve 7 open ends of same inner diameter smaller than each, as shown in Figure 2.On the other hand, pair of rotary axes 6 is laterally placed as described above, and each rotation axis 6 end diameter of inserting in the sleeve 7 are little.The rotation axis 6 of minor diameter inserts the end and forms by ring-shaped step, and the external diameter of insertion end is designed to the internal diameter at sleeve 7 centers roughly the same.This respectively inserting in the end to rotation axis 6 along circumferentially being provided with an annular groove part 6a.O-ring seal 17 just embeds and is fixed among the annular groove part 6a coaxially.Its inner peripheral surface with sleeve 7 that fixedly makes of O-ring seal 17 closely contacts.
Moreover, be provided with annular groove part 3c on the inner peripheral surface of each open end of the dead eye 3b of box main body 3, it is in circumferentially extension and parallel with the annular groove part 6a that passes sleeve 7.The O-ring seal 18 bigger than O-ring seal 17 diameters embeds coaxially and is fixed among the annular groove part 3c.O-ring seal 18 is keeping tight contact the with rotation axis 6 insertion end outer circumference surfaces.
Place, axle center at rotation axis 6 each end is provided with the oil-feed port 6b that is used for supplying as the lubricant of grease and so on.A stopper (not shown) is housed on oil-feed port 6b.The axis place of rotation axis is provided with the lubricant storagetank 6c that communicates with oil-feed port 6b.This lubricant storagetank 6c communicates with annular groove part 6a, 3c by lubricant passageway 6d.Be stored in lubricant among the lubricant storagetank 6c along with the rotation of rotation axis 6, be fed in the space between sleeve 7 inner peripheral surfaces and rotation axis 6 outer circumference surfaces, to form one deck lubricant film.Lubricant is sealed to by oil-feed port 6b in the annular space between the outer circumference surface of the inner peripheral surface of sleeve 7 and rotation axis 6.So the gap between sleeve 7 and the rotation axis 6 is just sealed by encapsulant 19 non-leakagely.
Each O-ring seal 17 that is fixed on the rotation axis 6 as one man rotates with rotation axis 6 with the rotation axis rotation.Be accompanied by the rotation of rotation axis 6, the foregoing O-ring seal 18 and rotation axis 6 sliding contacts that is fixed on the box main body 3.Rotation axis 6 is just with the dead eye 3b sliding contact of sleeve 7 each inner peripheral surface and bearing portions 3a and relatively rotate, thereby is subjected to bigger sliding resistance under O-ring seal 17,18 contact pressure effects.By this sliding resistance, big rotary resistance directly affacts on the rotation axis 6, so just can obtain desired operating rod 5 operation counter-forces.Therefore, only by application cost O-ring seal 17,18 low and simple in structure, just can be increased in the sliding resistance on a part of slipping plane between the dead eye 3b of each inner peripheral surface of sleeve 7 and bearing portions 3a, to realize the effect of similar damper.
Fig. 4 is the curve map of the rotating operation feature of explanation operating rod.In the figure, the variation of the operating rod control that solid line is produced when representing the operation with traditional operating rod, the variation of the operating rod control F that dotted line is produced when then representing to operate operating rod of the present invention.
In general, the represented hysteresis loop of solid line is based on that the spring force FS of spring and the first sliding-frictional resistance FA between rotation axis 6 and sleeve 7 draw among Fig. 4.On the other hand, according to present embodiment, owing on the spring force FS and the first sliding-frictional resistance FA, also applied the second sliding-frictional resistance FB that produces by O-ring seal 17,18, so drawn the hysteresis loop of dotted line.
That is to say that when handling operating rod 5 and rotate with the spring force that utilizes spring, the lever operation power when (among Fig. 4 to the right) for example forward, the first above-mentioned sliding-frictional resistance FA just begin as the manipulation of operating rod 5 is applied on the spring force FS, thereby handle and begin.If at a F02 place, operating rod is being resisted spring force FS and sliding-frictional resistance FA operation, and spring just begins pressurized, thereby spring force FS increases with operational stroke with being directly proportional, thus operating physical force linear growth and reach a F03.Point F03 is that operating rod is positioned at the operating position that its maximum rotation angle (range) is located, and operating physical force also reaches maximum.
If discharge operation, point to the operating rod neutral position and just be applied on the operating rod 5 with the reverse spring restoring force of sliding-frictional resistance FA to operating rod at some F03.Although when the operation that discharges operating rod, have the restoring force of spring to be applied on the operating rod 5, but meanwhile, the first sliding-frictional resistance FA applies with the direction opposite with restoring force recited above, thereby the some F01 restoring force during from a F04 to neutral position reduces.Therefore, operating rod 5 is got back to the some F01 of operating rod neutral position automatically.Like this, owing to the hysteresis phenomenon that the sliding-frictional resistance FA that is produced between the operating rod parts produces, conventional joystick 5 operating characteristic curves shown in Fig. 4 solid line are just walked along the path of F02, F03, F04 and F01.
On the other hand, according to present embodiment,, also have the second sliding-frictional resistance FB of O-ring seal 17,18 to be applied on the operating rod 5 except the spring force FS and the first sliding-frictional resistance FA.As a result, shown in the dotted line of Fig. 4, because the second sliding-frictional resistance value FB of sealing ring 17,18, operating rod 5 desired operating physical forces are just big than traditional operation power.More particularly, be in that the operating rod 5 of the represented bar of F12 operation reference position needs one is spring force FS, the operating physical force of the second sliding-frictional resistance FB sum of the first sliding-frictional resistance FA between parts and sealing ring 17,18 on every side.
Spring begins pressurized in beginning manipulation bar 5.At this moment, the total operating physical force (FS+FA+FB) for the second sliding-frictional resistance FB sum of spring force FS, the first sliding-frictional resistance FA and sealing ring 17,18 is applied on the operating rod 5.Consistent with the operation of operating rod 5, the bar operating physical force linearly increases and reaches maximum operating point F13 corresponding to the variation of above-mentioned spring force FS.If in the operation of this F13 release to bar, point to the second sliding-frictional resistance FB antagonism of spring restoring force and the first sliding-frictional resistance FA and the sealing ring 17,18 of bar neutral position, so operating rod 5 just tries to get back to neutral position F11 from a F14 automatically at leisure.Like this because the effect of joy stick unit hysteresis phenomenon, operating lever operation characteristic curve shown in dotted lines in Figure 4 with regard to and walk along the path of F12, F13, F14 and F11.
If will be at the gained operating physical force value F on the basis of the hysteresis phenomenon that produces by traditional power FS and traditional first sliding-frictional resistance FA
1Gained operating physical force F on the basis of (=2FA) and the hysteresis phenomenon that produces at spring force FS according to the present invention, the first sliding-frictional resistance FA and the second sliding-frictional resistance FB
2As seen (=2FA+2FB) compared, and the latter is than the former big 2FB.In addition, the operating physical force when traditional bar operation begins is (FS+2FA), and operations according to the instant invention power then is (FS+2FA+2FB).
So, for example in the time will beginning the operation of operating rod, this operation only can just can begin when having a mind to do this operation, and because applied resistance (FA+FB) on the operating rod, even so because external collision in the operation or similar former thereby releasing operation power, operating rod can not reset easily yet.In addition, also applied the second sliding-frictional resistance FB in the operation of the bar of present embodiment except the first sliding-frictional resistance FA, these are different with the traditional rod operation that only applies the first sliding-frictional resistance FA.Therefore, even be subjected to colliding unintentionally in the process of operating rod answer operation, operating rod also will never oppositely be broken through neutral position.
Therefore, according to present embodiment, even when owing to the vibration of vehicle, collision or similarly reason be applied on the operating rod external force big when making operating rod surpass the degree of its neutral position, operating rod can be subjected to the big sliding-frictional resistance that the contact pressure owing to sealing ring 17,18 produces, and can not allow operating rod move on certain operating position from its neutral position so can guarantee the accurate rotating operation of operating rod.
Therefore, according to present embodiment, the traditional structure that does not adopt the vertical straight line of operating rod rotation axis and damping mechanism independently to place.Therefore, may by with the contact pressure of sealing ring 17,18, on the sliding contact surface between rotation axis 6 and the bearing portions 3a, produce big sliding-frictional resistance, so that rotary resistance acts directly on the rotation axis 6.
Next, with reference to Fig. 5 the joy stick unit of the second embodiment of the present invention is described.Fig. 5 has schematically represented an example of present embodiment operating rod structure, and shown is and the drawing in side sectional elevation of the corresponding major part of Fig. 3.According to the first above-mentioned embodiment, sealing ring 17 keeps sliding contact with sleeve 7 inner peripheral surfaces, and the inner peripheral surface of sealing ring 18 and rotation axis 6 insert the end periphery and keep sliding contact.On the other hand, according to this second embodiment, all sealing rings 17,18 all keep sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of sleeve 7, and have placed sealant 20 between the open end inside surface of box main body 3 axis holes and rotation axis 6.Simultaneously, with the roughly the same component identification of first embodiment identical label.Therefore omit detailed description to these parts.
As shown in Figure 5, circumferentially be provided with annular groove part 6a on rotation axis 6 front edge, and the edge, insertion end in rotation axis 6 proximal laterals circumferentially is provided with annular groove part 6a-1 coaxially, and the diameter of this annular groove part 6a-1 is bigger than annular groove part 6a.Sealing ring 18-1 embeds and is fixed among the annular groove part 6a-1, so that it keeps closely contacting with the inner peripheral surface of sleeve 7.The same with first embodiment, the lubricant of introducing between rotation axis 6 and the sleeve 7 is also sealed by aforesaid sealant 20 non-leakagely.
According to this second embodiment, because all sealing ring 17,18-1 embed and are fixed in the annular space between rotation axis 6 and the sleeve 7, so compare with the sliding contact structure partly of first embodiment, the structure of the bearing portions 3a of the box main body 3 of rotatably support rotation axis 6 has just been simplified.Therefore, can obtain sliding resistance simple in structure and produce part.Because the effect of sealing ring 17,18-1, rotation axis 6 can with the sliding contact surface of sleeve 7 on produce big sliding resistance, so equally with first embodiment can on operating rod, apply desired rotary resistance.
The example that shown in Figure 6 is according to the sliding contact part-structure in the joy stick unit of third embodiment of the invention, it has represented that schematically major part cuts being seen drawing in side sectional elevation open along Fig. 5 center line IV-IV.According to foregoing embodiment, the insertion end of rotation axis keeps sliding contact by the inner peripheral surface of sealing ring and sleeve, and this insertion end circumferentially has identical cross-sectional diameter.On the other hand, according to this 3rd embodiment, on the part of rotation axis 6-1 periphery, be provided with a cam portion 6-1a, so that rotation axis 6-1 can as one man with the inner peripheral surface of fixed muffle 7-1 direct sliding contact take place with the angle of rotation of operating rod, thereby change the contact pressure on the slipping plane between sleeve 7-1 and rotation axis 6-1.Although in the 3rd embodiment, be with the first embodiment box main body, 3 centers with the part of sleeve as object, this is not limited to this example.In Fig. 6, with component identification roughly the same among the foregoing embodiment identical label.
In Fig. 6, the part periphery of rotation axis 6-1 embeds the part periphery of above-mentioned sleeve 7-1 and coaxially by its supporting.In sleeve 7-1 periphery other parts, two positions between bar neutral position N and the bar maximum position M are provided with recessed convex wheel face 7-1a, 7-1a, and they cut out glossily along the periphery of sleeve 7-1.On the rotation axis 6-1 part outer circumference surface relative with convex wheel face 7-1a, 7-1a, along circumferentially glossily projection evagination wheel face 6-1a is arranged, it contacts/separates with above-mentioned convex wheel face 7-1a, 7-1a.The pass of size is between the bulge size r1 of the radius R 1 of rotation axis 6-1, evagination wheel face 6-1a and the center of rotation O of rotation axis 6-1 and the convex wheel face 7-1a: (R1+r1)＞and R2＞R1.
The design of convex wheel face 7-1a and evagination wheel face 6-1a make between sleeve 7-1 and rotation axis 6-1 the contact pressure on the sliding contact surface at bar neutral position N place for maximum.At bar maximum rotated position M place, contact pressure is less than the value at bar neutral position N place.Therefore, owing to closely contact Face to face with convex wheel face 7-1a among near the bar pivot region L1 of evagination wheel face 6-1a bar neutral position N, the contact pressure of each cam surface 7-1a, 6-1a increases.
Because the bar rotating operation area L 2 from above-mentioned bar rotating operation area L 1 to bar maximum rotated position M, convex wheel face 6-1a breaks away from evagination wheel face 7-1a gradually, so the contact pressure of each cam surface 7-1a, 6-1a just reduces gradually.Therefore, the bar operating physical force in bar rotating operation area L 2 is littler than the power among the bar operating area L1.
Because the bar operating physical force when bar neutral position N is directed to bar maximum rotated position M reduces, so made things convenient for the trickle operation of operating rod.On the other hand, when operating rod was got back to neutral position N, the value when the bar operating physical force that resets points to bar maximum rotated position M than bar operating physical force increased more significantly gradually.Therefore, be subjected to unexpected Vehicular vibration or collision unreasonably even just be returned to the operating rod of bar neutral position N under stage clip 14,16 spring force effects, bar also will never go out the people and move on the direction of bar operation with being willing to and surpass bar neutral position N.Like this, just can accomplish accurate operation to operating rod.
Shown in Figure 7 is that it has schematically shown the drawing in side sectional elevation corresponding to the cross section major part of Fig. 5 center line IV-IV according to another example of the joy stick unit sliding contact part-structure of fourth embodiment of the invention.In the figure, with the 3rd embodiment in roughly the same component identification identical label.Therefore omitted detailed description to these parts.
According to the 4th embodiment, C shape elasticity ring 21 embeddings also are fixed among the annular groove part 6-2a that is arranged on the rotation axis 6-2 periphery, substitute the cam that is located among the 3rd embodiment on the rotation axis, this C shape ring is made with the elastic metallic material that part outwards bloats glossily.The same with the 3rd embodiment, on the part periphery of rotation axis 6-2, be formed with a desired gap, and embed sleeve 7-1 coaxially and by its supporting in the rotation axis 6-2 other parts except the part that forms the gap.Outwards heave and bandy convex camber 21a is located on ring 21 the part, it is projected into the outside of annular groove part 6-2a.Therefore, the contact pressure of slipping plane changes based on the elastic force by the elastic deformation amount with regard to basis between consistent rotation axis 6-2 that produces with the angle of rotation of operating rod and the sleeve 7-1.
With the 3rd embodiment, the convex camber 21a of ring 21 contacts/breaks away from the convex wheel face 7-1a of sleeve 7-1 relatively.Convex camber 21a bar neutral position N place elastic deformation maximum with sleeve 7-1 in convex wheel face 7-1a closely contact, so its contact pressure is also maximum.Convex camber 21a rotates maximum position M place elastic deformation minimum at bar, and the contact pressure when this is worth than bar neutral position N is little.Therefore, if the manipulation bar rotates to rotating maximum position M from bar neutral position N, the sliding resistance between sleeve 7-1 and the rotation axis 6-2 is just rotated with operating rod and is as one man reduced gradually.If the reverse operating operating rod rotates maximum position M from bar and rotates to neutral position N, the sliding resistance between sleeve 7-1 and the rotation axis 6-2 is just rotated as one man with operating rod and is increased gradually.
As conspicuous in the above description, in the joy stick unit 1 of the various embodiments described above, do not have to adopt the damping mechanism be independent of control mechanism, contact but keep-up pressure between the rotation axis of operating rod or like and the sliding resistance generation part such as sealing ring 17,18.Like this, sliding resistance can be set in the area of space that is suitable for the joy stick unit size of main body produce part, and need not significantly to change the design of existing joy stick unit.Thereby may stop the generation of operating rod maloperation by the hysteresis loss of obvious increase bar operating physical force.In addition, but also may obtain few, the simple in structure and good joy stick unit of the low assembleability of cost of a kind of component count, thereby guarantee stable bar operating performance.Moreover, the present invention also helps to realize the miniaturization of joy stick unit 1.
Label declaration:
1 joy stick unit
2 blocks
The 2a sliding eye
3 box main bodies
The 3a bearing portions
The 3b dead eye
3c annular groove part
4 mounting discs
5 operating rods
6,6-1,6-2 rotation axis
6a, 6a-1,6-2a annular groove part
The 6b oil-feed port
The 6c storagetank
The 6d lubricant passageway
6-1a, the 7-1a cam surface
7, the 7-1 sleeve
8 controls
9 reduction valve
10 oil-outs
11 oil-ins
12 guiding valves
13 steady arms
14,16 stage clips
15 pistons
17,18, the 18-1 sealing ring
19,20 encapsulants
21 C shapes ring
The 21a convex camber
Claims (4)
1. joy stick unit (1) that is used to handle building, civil engineering work and similar applications construction machinery, the rotation axis (6) of its operating rod (5) is rotatably supported on the bar supporting mass (2,3,4),
It is characterized in that: described bar supporting mass (2,3,4) has the bearing portions (3a) of a described rotation axis of rotatably support (6) and the sliding resistance in annular space between bearing portions (3a) and the rotation axis (6) to produce part,
Described sliding resistance produces part and has a zone of being fixed at least a portion of one in bearing portions (3a) and the rotation axis (6), and have one with bearing portions (3a) and rotation axis (6) in another the contacted zone of at least a portion, and described sliding resistance produces part and is made by the material that can produce frictional resistance in described and bearing portions (3a) or the contacted zone of rotation axis (6) at least.
2. joy stick unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described sliding resistance produces part and comprises that also an angle of rotation according to described operating rod (5) changes the sliding resistance change part of sliding resistance,
Change in the part in described sliding resistance,
Internal diameter homogeneous and the different elasticity ring of outer radius portion be connected rotation axis (6) and/or one and the slipper of rotation axis (6) sliding contact on, perhaps
The periphery of rotation axis (6) and/or one and the periphery of the slipper of rotation axis (6) sliding contact be configured as the cross section of variation.
3. joy stick unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described sliding resistance produces part and is made of a monocycle part or dicyclo part (17,18).
4. joy stick unit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described sliding resistance changes part and is made of cam surface (6-1a, 7-1a).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001176028A JP2002366242A (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2001-06-11 | Control lever device of operating machine |
| JP2001-176028 | 2001-06-11 | ||
| JP2001176028 | 2001-06-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1391149A CN1391149A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| CN1262904C true CN1262904C (en) | 2006-07-05 |
Family
ID=19017075
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02124324 Expired - Fee Related CN1262904C (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2002-06-11 | Control lever unit of construction machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002366242A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1262904C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5172649B2 (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2013-03-27 | 株式会社クボタ | Operation lever device |
| CN102656535B (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2014-08-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Pivot-arm type manipulator device |
| JP5238739B2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-07-17 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Operating device |
| US20130229272A1 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Manual control device and method |
| CN107066028A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 河北工业大学 | The grand dynamic sextuple controller of single control handle |
| JP7330799B2 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2023-08-22 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | construction machinery |
-
2001
- 2001-06-11 JP JP2001176028A patent/JP2002366242A/en active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-06-11 CN CN 02124324 patent/CN1262904C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1391149A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| JP2002366242A (en) | 2002-12-20 |
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