CN1261638A - Mounting method for high-rise building steel structure - Google Patents
Mounting method for high-rise building steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN1261638A CN1261638A CN 99122696 CN99122696A CN1261638A CN 1261638 A CN1261638 A CN 1261638A CN 99122696 CN99122696 CN 99122696 CN 99122696 A CN99122696 A CN 99122696A CN 1261638 A CN1261638 A CN 1261638A
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Abstract
The construction of high-rise building steel structure includes the technological processes of working out construction chart, measuring center lines and elevation liens of structure components, hoisting, tightening up screw bolts, welding upper layer steel plate, drawing the positioning lines and elevation lines of column, welding beam, spreading pressure steel plates, welding screw bolts, welding column joints, etc. The construction processes are simple, convenient, reasonable and high in engineering quality.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of mounting method for high-rise building steel structure, be used for the construction of high-rise and super highrise building steel work.
Because the strength ratio steel concrete height of steel, the weight ratio concrete light in highrise building, particularly is widely adopted in the important building more than 30 layers.The high-rise steel structure structural weight per square meter is light, and member section is little, and the building usefull space is big, and earthquake resisting performance is good, the site operation civilization.Each metropolitan high-rise steel structure building is more and more in recent years.But the high-rise building steel structure technical sophistication, difficulty of construction is big, on construction quality, on the speed of application, has seemed and can not meet the demands.
In view of the foregoing, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of for making high-rise building steel structure project installation technology simple, the construction precision height, installation rate is fast, it is few to use of labor, the construction of a kind of high-rise building steel structure that workmanship is good.
Purpose of the present invention can realize that high-rise steel structure is installed must a rational erection sequence, could guarantee the ruly smooth installation of steel work by following technical proposals, guarantees the installation quality of steel work, and installation rate is faster arranged.
The principle of the erection sequence regulation of highrise building construction steel structure is: being that the center is past with building or core tube in the plane expands all around, and vertical direction is to install from the bottom up, and this mounting method can make the accumulation deviation of installation reduce to minimum.
The member of high-rise building steel structure comprises pillar 1, girder 2, secondary beam 3, girder 4, stair 5, floor 6, shearing resistance truss 7, gusset plate and various connector.The monolithic architecture thing has pure frame structure or is with shearing resistance core tube, shearing resistance trussed construction system, and there are rectangle, rectangle, polygon and combination shape in the plane of building.There are box-shaped, tubular, H shape, cross in the cross section of steel column, and there are H shape, I-shaped and box-shaped in the cross section of girder steel.By connecing post and multilayer beam and other members with plant equipment and measuring apparatus are installed more, be connected with being welded to connect with bolt, according to the requirement of design drawing and the technical standard of standard rules, form whole building.
High-rise building steel structure installation technology flow process is: preparation of construction, establishment high-rise building steel structure construction organization design, establishment member erection sequence figure, table, establishment block welding sequence figure, table, technology is measured in establishment, the quality examination of steel structure manufacture, the transportation of steel member, stack, write erection sequence number to member, emit the member center line, the absolute altitude line, cat ladder is installed in colligation, chain-wales, join the post junction plate, high-strength bolt, the steel column lifting is installed, and proofreaies and correct absolute altitude, displacement, reverse, hang down partially, steel column is fixed, surveying record is provided with level, vertical safety net is provided with safe protective railing, girder junction plate and high-strength bolt are supporting, girder is installed, post monitoring, the welding of secondary beam layer beam, the qualified laying of Welding Testing upper strata profiled sheet, the orientation axis that draws segmented column from ground, the absolute altitude line, lower floor, middle level beam weldering, Welding Testing is qualified, lays lower floor, the middle level profiled sheet, nail solder, the welding of post column joint, Welding Testing is qualified, a segmented column all-mass record, one segmented column intermediate acceptance, the fireproof paint construction.
The feature of above-mentioned worker's method is to install with relative elevation, compound with design elevation, the steel column that is welded to connect is made the length negative common difference, the girder steel that is welded to connect is made and is used plus tolerance, work out on-the-spot member according to the member erection sequence and stack precedence diagram, on-the-spot whole members of stacking a segmented column, divide two on the structure mounting plane flowing water section is installed, with the capital is the absolute altitude control line that benchmark is provided with post, the orientation axis of every segmented column all draws up from ground, every segmented column is all aligned the absolute altitude of post, all align design attitude, every post all independent correction before mounting rail, the interim connection of upper prop and following column joint used high-strength bolt, the bolt aperture is bigger 3.5 millimeters than the diameter of bolt, absolute altitude with the levelling pillar, proofread and correct the absolute altitude of pillar with the interim junction plate of post and post, displacement, reverse and verticality, without cable wind rope and support, once proofreaied and correct the absolute altitude of pillar, displacement, when verticality, girder between erection column and the post, the verticality of monitoring post, the high-strength bolt that structure is used, when installation component, press the specification in the erection sequence table, quantity hangs over lifting together on the member with kit bag, and it is correct that each member is installed correction position, directly puts into high-strength bolt.Whenever proofreading and correct pillar all measures with the vertical plane of transit, the vertical missing that variations in temperature produces pillar, forced resetting during girder between erection column and post, establishment pillar erection sequence figure, table, erection sequence figure according to pillar, table is installed by part, establishment girder erection sequence figure, table, erection sequence figure according to girder, table is installed by part, establishment secondary beam erection sequence figure, table, erection sequence figure according to secondary beam, table is installed by part, the order that one segmented column is installed girder is lower floor's girder, the middle level girder, the upper strata girder, the order that secondary beam is installed also is lower floor's secondary beam, the middle level secondary beam, the upper strata secondary beam, work out the detailed schedule that a segmented column is installed, the integral installation of each member of segmented column comprises that in proper order welding sequence is
Install: post, lower floor's girder, middle level girder, upper strata girder, lower floor's secondary beam, laminated shaped steel plate, middle level secondary beam, middle level profiled sheet, upper strata secondary beam, upper strata profiled sheet, stair and other members.The erection sequence of single member is installed in proper order according to the erection sequence figure of establishment.
Welding: upper strata girder, upper strata profiled sheet, lower floor's girder, laminated shaped steel plate, middle level girder, middle level profiled sheet, the welded post column joint welds other members such as stair at last.The welding sequence of single member is welded in proper order according to the welding sequence figure that works out.
The post column joint is with the weldering of turn-taking, and without run-on tab, post column joint mother metal steel plate is greater than 40 millimeters weld preheating, postwelding after heat and insulation.
Post beam mixing jointing adopts the order of welding behind the first bolt, reduces welding deformation.Welding procedure under the establishment negative temperature, winter or temperature weld according to the negative temperature welding procedure when negative temperature.
Establishment profiled sheet layout plan, table are numbered the plate of different size, and by number processing, according to the layout plan block-by-block lay of profiled sheet, the processing of profiled sheet is no longer done in on-the-spot and high-altitude.
Profiled sheet and steel work are installed synchronously, Steel Structure Installation thereunto, profiled sheet be routed to the there.
The welding that profiled sheet was directly welded and penetrated in the parameters assurance of nail solder.
The idiographic flow of this worker method is as follows:
1. when the steel structure manufacture, the processing setting-out of steel column is benchmark with the capital, the length negative common difference.Girder steel is made the length plus tolerance.
The technical standard that the mechanical performance of steel, welding rod and chemical composition will adhere to specification.
2. work out Steel Structure Installation precedence diagram and table
Layout according to member in the design drawing, press the kind of member, the starting point of selecting a class A of geometric unitA to install generally is the center outwards expansion installation in turn from building, each limit is again to install from the centre to the both sides symmetry, the installation of pillar is not because of being connected with other members, can install in turn, girder and secondary beam must be installed in strict accordance with the order of regulation.
List member erection sequence table according to erection sequence figure, quantity specifications and the construction weight of the drawing number at member place being installed the connecting plate high-strength bolt of usefulness mark clear in table.
The erection sequence table of high-rise building steel structure has respectively:
Table 1 high-rise building steel structure pillar erection sequence table
Table 2 high-rise building steel structure girder erection sequence table
Table 3 high-rise building steel structure secondary beam erection sequence table
Table 1 high-rise steel structure engineering pillar erection sequence table
Member plan-position figure number: DL-1-1-1
| Erection sequence | Member place drawing number | The steel column numbering | The connected node plate is installed | Install and connect high-strength bolt | The web gusset plate | The web high-strength bolt | Steel column weight |
| ???1 | ?DL1-1-23 | ?H6C2-3 | ?8-388-100-14 | ?16-M22?90?50 | ?8-485?240?12 | ?72-M22?75?40 | ?4580 |
| ???2 | ?DL1-1-33 | ?H7C3-3 | ?8-388?100?14 | ?16-M22?90?50 | ?8-485?240?12 | ?72-M22?75?40 | ?5223 |
Table 2 high-rise steel structure engineering girder erection sequence table
Member plan-position figure number: DL-1-2-1
| Erection sequence | Member place drawing number | The girder numbering | The web gusset plate | Flaggy | The web high-strength bolt | Girder steel weight kg | Remarks |
| ??1 | ?DL1-2-49 | ?2FLG5-1 | ?4-560?165?9 | ?9?9?12 | ?28-M20?60?35 | ????994 | |
| ??2 | ?DL1-2-50 | ?2FLG3-3 | ?4-560?165?9 | ?9?9?12 | ?28-M20?60?35 | ????970 |
Table 3 high-rise steel structure engineering secondary beam erection sequence table
Member plan-position figure number: DL-1-2-1
| Erection sequence | Member place drawing number | The secondary beam numbering | The web gusset plate | Flaggy | The web high-strength bolt | Girder steel weight kg | Remarks |
| ??1 | ?DL1-2-36 | ?2FLB2-2 | 1-560?190?12 | ?12????9 | ?14-M20?50?35 | ????599 | |
| ??2 | ?DL1-2-36 | ?2FLB2-2 | 1-560?190?12 | ?12????9 | ?14-M20?50?35 | ????599 |
When working for each operation of high-rise steel structure engineering construction overall process, the erection sequence figure of steel work and table use.At all unified this tables that uses such as steel structure manufacture order, fabricating quality inspection, the supporting transportation of steel member, the on-the-spot stacking order of steel member erection sequence numbering steel member, steel lifting component order, Steel Structure Installation correction, Steel Structure Installation record, steel work welding sequence numbering, high-strength bolt construction, profiled sheet constructions.
When using this table on the steel member, to write erection sequence, should according to Construction of Steel Structure figure about the steel member, about the orientation, clear with arrow with eye-catching color mark.
During Steel Structure Installation, whole steel members of each segmented column are divided into two the flowing water sections in (1) district and (2) district in the plane, divide from the axis of steel work layout plan.
During Steel Structure Installation, the 3rd, 5,7,9,11,13,15,17..... segmented column and girder, secondary beam, profiled sheet be by the order flowing water construction of (1) to (2).2nd, 4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18..... segmented column and girder, secondary beam, profiled sheet are by (2) to (1) sequence construction.
Each segmented column and girder can be neat by the erection sequence once mounting, and secondary beam and profiled sheet must divide two sections constructions according to the flowing water order.
The member erection sequence of one segmented column is: post-lower floor's girder-middle level girder-upper strata girder-lower floor's secondary beam-laminated shaped steel plate-middle level secondary beam-middle level profiled sheet-upper strata secondary beam-upper strata profiled sheet-stair and other members.
3. work out steel work welding sequence figure
The welding sequence of high-rise steel structure is more even more important than erection sequence, if welding sequence is improper, postwelding can produce super inclined to one side distortion, and produces very big welding stress.The welding sequence of high-rise building steel structure is to weld toward expansion all around from the center on building plane, and the welding contraction distortion and the residual stress that have produced after this welding sequence weld seam has welded are reduced to minimum.
Must be in the welding sequence figure construction of establishment in strict accordance with the welding sequence welding of this figure regulation.
Web is that high-strength bolt connects, wing plate is the whole earlier high-strength bolt of twisting web of mixing jointing that is welded to connect, and welds the wing plate weld seam again, promptly with the technology of welding behind the first bolt.The welding sequence of the whole weld seam of one segmented column is: upper strata girder-upper strata profiled sheet-lower floor's girder-laminated shaped steel plate-middle level girder-middle level profiled sheet-post column joint-other members.
After whole members of one deck beam are installed and proofreaied and correct, establish the building of core tube, the weld seam of that piece gusset plate that first welded steel structure is connected with the core tube.Post-column joint, post-beam splice are full penetration weld, absolutely carry out the ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination passed examination.
4. work out transportation of steel member and the on-the-spot plan view of stacking, on-the-spot whole members of stacking a segmented column according to member erection sequence figure.
5. steel member transportation
First segmented column is transported the scene by erection sequence, and neat according to the erection sequence discharging.Each segmented column is transported on-the-spot discharging neatly by the anti-order of erection sequence epiphase later on.
6. measurement technology
Outside the building the reference line of the orientation axis of steel work is established in portion or inside, on datum axis, establish the axis point that Steel Structure Installation is used, before every segmented column is installed, with laser transit or micrometer instrument the orientation axis of installing is guided to the high-altitude, and emit the position line of each post, reference line is measured and will be used dynamometer, with the pulling force of regulation.
With the capital is the absolute altitude control line that benchmark setting is provided with pillar, selects the longest post to set an absolute altitude control line, establishes two faces or three faces, consistent with the absolute altitude control line orientation of lower prop, indicates eye-catching.
Install with relative elevation earlier, every segmented column is checked the absolute altitude of control high-rise steel structure building again with design elevation.
Interior of building is established shearing resistance core tube, and the construction absolute altitude of core tube steel tendon concrete structure and the installation absolute altitude of steel work will be coordinated.
Every pillar is all independently proofreaied and correct absolute altitude, displacement, verticality, and junction plate and the gap post of whenever saving post and column joint carry out the levelling of pillar absolute altitude.
Every segmented column is measured the relative elevation of capital after the top layer beam of this segmented column has welded, select the highest post to set an absolute altitude line, as the absolute altitude position line of last segmented column.
7. scaffold technology
Hanging little steel ladder on the post on ground wants safety firmly.End bay post column joint place establishes operating platform, post beam splice place establishes light work hanging basket, and building has the core tube, establishes jenny scaffold.
8. steel column is installed
The shaping rack of steel column stone bolt is set, in the steel concrete of stone bolt bottom surface, bury the fixing steel plate of stone bolt underground, the orientation axis of stone bolt, absolute altitude accurately be placed on give on the embedded part, stone bolt is placed on together with locating rack gives on the embedded part, accurate measurement and positioning to 1 millimeter, with connecting steel plate or garden steel stone bolt is welded giving on the embedded part, unload shaping rack.The screw thread of stone bolt is buckled with logical in exposed portions serve.The hoist cable of pillar is adjusted intensity, and safety factor is not less than 5.
Before the pillar lifting, backing plate, the gad that the correction post is used, interim junction plate and high-strength bolt, bolt jails such as permanent junction plate and high-strength bolt are on pillar.
Lifting will note not damaging post back welding seam backing plate, transfer absolute altitude earlier to the installation site, set up a nut levelling absolute altitude with first segmented column that stone bolt connects at the bottom of post, last lower prop butt joint is aligned absolute altitude with bquster, column joint misalignment about aligning again, reverses, proofreaies and correct the pillar verticality.The post timing, the absolute altitude of post, reverse, displacement, hang down be corrected to partially ± 0.
One day whenever proofread and correct the verticality of pillar the time, all measure with the vertical plane of transit, forced resetting is carried out in the variation that temperature produces the pillar verticality when girder is installed.
Tighten the big turret head high-strength bolt of the interim junction plate of post post, with the whole screwing torque of high-strength bolt.
9. girder is installed
The building of core tube is set, on core tube limit jenny scaffold is set earlier, emit absolute altitude line, the position line of girder steel again.The scaffold bottom can not influence the installation of this laminated-type steel plate.The temporary support point of girder is set.
Wear upper beam two ends gusset plate and high-strength bolt on ground, it is firm that high-strength bolt is placed in the kit bag colligation, is not more than 1 meter from the distance of beam head.
According to member erection sequence table 1,2, the 3..... order, once string hangs the 2-3 root, the hoist cable of every beam will hang in the suspension hook, with wire rope beam bundle watchman's wooden clapper is lived, and goes up order in pressing and ties up lifting, is to accelerate lifting speed, available two pairs of hoist cables exchange and use.When once lifting three beams, lower floor's beam is installed earlier, the beam in the middle of installing is again installed the upper strata beam again.
Girder rises to be lifted up into shelves and aligns, and use earlier crowfoot, follows closely or accurate position that drift has been aligned member with dashing again, and the flaggy bolt hole aligns, and once puts into high-strength bolt.
Follow the tracks of with four transits when girder is installed, check the verticality of pillar and reserve weld shrinkage.
Girder is installed to proofread and correct and is finished, and beam head scaffold or extension is set hangs the hurdle.
It is intact that one deck girder is installed rectifying inspection, just twists, and twists high-strength bolt eventually.
10. secondary beam is installed
Wear the gusset plate and the high-strength bolt at beam two ends last time on ground, it is firm that high-strength bolt is placed in the kit bag colligation, is not more than 1 meter from the distance of beam head.
According to member erection sequence table 1,2, the 3..... order, once string hangs the 3-5 root, the hoist cable of every beam will hang in the suspension hook, with wire rope beam bundle watchman's wooden clapper is lived, and goes up order in pressing and ties up lifting.
The secondary beam upper surface will with the leveling of girder upper surface, align the flaggy eyelet with dashing nail, the secondary beam correct position is directly put into high-strength bolt, high-strength bolt is just twisted, twisted eventually to the fastening high-strength bolt of spanner on the offensive again.For accelerating lifting speed, the same available two pairs of hoist cables with girder exchange and use.
11. high-strength bolt technology
With the rubbing surface that gets rusty, wipe floating rust with soft fabric during installation, can not use wire brush.
Carry out the inspection of bolt shaft power before the use, check the standard tension of high-strength bolt, the test of rubbing surface will have trial curve figure.
The first of high-strength bolt twists, twist available manual or electronic constant torque wrench eventually, after member is installed and proofreaied and correct correctly, just twist, twist high-strength bolt eventually, first screwing torque is high, with 80% of whole screwing torque, make flaggy closely connected, when just stubborn flaggy does not reach closely connected, add again and twist, after flaggy is closely connected, carries out the end of high-strength bolt again and twist.
The first of the high-strength bolt of a joint twists, twists eventually all and will mind-set expansion all around execute stubborn from the bolt group.
The gas cutting reaming is forbidden to use in the high-strength bolt hole, and high-strength bolt is answered and freely penetrated in the hole, must not knock in hammer by force, or be screwed into removing son.
Joint is with the high-strength bolt of same specification, the direction unanimity, and the length unanimity will be noted the direction of the nuts and washers of high-strength bolt, must not adorn anti-.
When high-strength bolt can not be tightened with electric wrench in the wing plate limit that runs into post column joint compound plate place and beam, use wrest fixing spanner, the moment of torsion of wrest fixing spanner will be made regular check on.
12. welding procedure
The job site is arc welding by hand, and welding procedure test is carried out in also available gas protection weldering earlier before welding job begins, and to greatly directly through the welding rod test weld, low-temperature welding technology, the xenogenesis steel connect all will carry out welding procedure test.
The welder will give training and take an examination, and examination has theoretical examination and practical skill examination, and the welder will have code name steel seal, and on-the-spot post column joint welding operating operation test in 1: 1 is all qualified.
Electric welder no-load voltage is not less than 80 volts, during welding, uses the higher limit of welding rod rated current, promptly uses big slightly electric current.
Electric weld handle line, ground wire cross section are not less than 50 square millimeters, and length is advisable for 100 meters, and the ground wire of every electric welding machine will directly firmly be connected with steel work.
Welding rod requires oven dry, the heat-preservation cylinder of packing into during use in accordance with regulations.
Steel plate thickness will give heat greater than 40 millimeters before the welding, and postwelding carries out after-baking.Defective groove is handled earlier.The run-on tab of girder weld seam, breath arc plate is made by member processing factory, and the postwelding run-on tab can not excise.
Post, girder welds in turn by welding sequence Fig. 1,2,3......
The weld seam of the beam head joint that beam column or beam and column stretch out with welder skill behind the first bolt, is twisted high-strength bolt earlier eventually, electric welding again, weldering lower wing plate earlier, after the wing plate of burn-oning.
Column joint is without run-on tab, and during welding, two electric welder opposites are symmetrically welded with identical speed, and the place will slow down the welding rod translational speed at the post angle, welds out corner.The weld seam of a column joint will not interrupt having welded continuously.
During welding job, establish the special messenger and adjust electric current, the welding rod of the weld seam of diverse location and different straight warps will be adjusted electric current at any time, backing weld seam, and middle weld seam, cap weld is with different welding rods and electric current.
Environment temperature is lower than zero centigrade when following, and mother metal thickness is postwelding after heat and insulation during greater than 40 millimeters.
After weld seam had welded, the welding welder will stamp the steel seal of oneself.
Postwelding carried out the ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination inspection in 24 hours.Check that underproof weld seam will be formulated and overhaul technology.
13. profiled sheet
Material evaluation sheet material will adhere to specification, and the check of profiled sheet crudy will be checked plate two ends and middle deviation.
Establishment profiled sheet layout plan (straight plate, corner cut slotted plate, end socket, eaves board) is numbered profiled sheet, and the processing of press type plating numerals processes the corner cut breach on ground.
Zoning plan is installed in establishment, concentrates by zoning plan and ties up the transportation lifting.
Figure is stacked at the scene of establishment one deck profiled sheet, by the opposite order stacking plate lifting of lifting, by district's lifting.
Before profiled sheet is laid, on girder steel, emit the position line of profiled sheet, strict opsition dependent line lay, it is horizontal flat vertical to accomplish, and discharging is laid evenly.
The spot welding of profiled sheet is counted, and spot welding size length will be welded enough and welded, and satisfy the electric current of nail solder, and available rivet between plate satisfies and beats not spillage of concrete.
Profiled sheet and steel work will be installed synchronously, Steel Structure Installation thereunto, profiled sheet be routed to the there.
Profiled sheet is layered on semi girder part, with other beams of floor in a plane, high, contour plate and beam are not closely connected, and be low, the contour plate eaves is opened one's mouth.
14. nail solder technology
Lectotype selection check, peg material evaluation, magnet ring specification material evaluation should be qualified.Penetrating weldering will be with 8 tooth magnet ring.Use dry magnet ring, the magnet ring that makes moist will be dried before using.
The welding parameter of nail solder will be selected earlier, directly is welded on the girder steel and penetrates the profiled sheet weldering and be welded on the girder steel again, penetrate galvanized sheet, penetrates cold-reduced sheet, select respectively.
Electrode holder line, the ground wire of nail solder will have enough cross sections, and ground wire will be connected firmly with steel work.Electrode holder line cross section 90-120 square millimeter, length 30-50 rice.90 square millimeters in ground wire cross section, 10 meters of length, with steel work with clamp card jail on steel work.Electric current 1500-2800 ampere.Time 0.6-1.0 second.Peg melts length 4-9 millimeter.
According to the arrangement position of design drawing peg, at the weldment surface measuring peg position line.
The beam face is cleaned out welding again, and the peg welding gun wants vertical with the beam face, during the clamp of peg threading welding gun, compress the pressure clamp, and hook electric switch again after peg rifle, peg and weldment hold out against is carried the peg rifle again after electric arc stops.
The nail solder check: deflection 30 degree are got in hammering, and it is qualified not occurring unusual, plays oblique needn't setting upright.
15. application
The post coat position has: high-strength bolt joint, solder joint, transporting and hoisting collsion damage position, the facial position of profiled sheet underbeam.
The material material capability is up to the standards.
The cleaning component surface, application is executed.
16. fireproof paint construction
Material material evaluation, fireproof paint and anticorrosive paint want chemistry compatible.
17. intermediate acceptance.
This worker method is a novel structure, and technical sophistication, each operation of the high-rise building steel structure engineering that difficulty of construction is big are dissolved into skilled worker's shirtsleeve operation action, have accomplished that technology is simple, easy construction, economical rationality, safe and reliable, the installation accuracy height, good engineering quality, speed of application is fast.
The present invention compared with prior art because this worker method is to be benchmark with the capital, the capital of controlling every segmented column is on same absolute altitude.So the installation accuracy height can be installed by design elevation, be international and domestic original creation.
The axis of every segmented column all draws up from ground, guarantees the accuracy of the orientation axis of each segmented column of building.Every segmented column is all aligned the absolute altitude of post, handles without member factory the absolute altitude deviation that causes is installed.The capital of each segmented column all on an absolute altitude position, guarantees that one deck beam is all on an indexed plane.
Every post is all independently proofreaied and correct, and every post all is a standard column, has guaranteed that each root post all has very accurate verticality.Cancel irrational framework correction process, saved a large amount of labours and accelerated speed of application, improved workmanship.
Disposable absolute altitude, displacement, verticality of having proofreaied and correct pillar, the rectify perpendicular work of monitoring the pillar of resuming classes when girder is installed is simple and convenient, makes every pillar and general frame that very high installation accuracy all be arranged.The high-strength bolt aperture of the interim junction plate of post column joint enlarges 3.5 millimeters than shank of bolt, and is with the absolute altitude of levelling pillar, easy to operate, respond well.
The construction at the scene of the member erection sequence figure of establishment, table can be without drawing, and up to ten thousand members of hundreds of member model, junction plate, tens kinds of all correct supporting installations of hundreds thousand of high-strength bolts make on-the-spot installation in perfect order.
Welding procedure under the negative temperature is provided, has made environment temperature energy normal construction when negative temperature.
The on-the-spot whole members of stacking a segmented column of steel work guarantee that member transportation supply does not influence installation.On-the-spot member is pressed the member erection sequence and is stacked, and saves the lifting time greatly, accelerates lifting speed.
Two flowing water sections are divided on the plane, make the ruly circulation construction in erecting bed.
The order that one segmented column is installed girder be down, in, on, the convenient installation.The member installation site is proofreaied and correct and is correctly directly put into high-strength bolt, under the prerequisite that guarantees workmanship, has simplified construction, has improved speed of application.
Temperature is installed the technical measures that influence to high-rise steel structure, has simplified the pillar correction process, has guaranteed the pillar installation quality.
The welder planted after post girder mixing jointing adopted first bolt, guaranteed the accurate size of steel structure frame, reduced welding deformation.
Profiled sheet and steel work are installed synchronously, have saved the scaffold and the hanging basket of a large amount of installation usefulness, have increased the safety prevention measure on plane, can be constructed by parallel flowing water in the erecting bed, cross-operation up and down again.
This worker method is a novel structure, technical sophistication, and each operation abbreviation of the high-rise building steel structure engineering that difficulty of construction is big becomes skilled worker's shirtsleeve operation action, has accomplished that technology is simple, easy construction, economical rationality, safe and reliable, the installation accuracy height, good engineering quality, speed of application is fast.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a high-rise building steel structure facade diagrammatic sketch of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a high-rise building steel structure plan view of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a mounting method for high-rise building steel structure flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 4 is high-rise building steel structure steel column erection sequence figure of the present invention
Fig. 5 is high-rise building steel structure girder erection sequence figure of the present invention
Fig. 6 is high-rise building steel structure secondary beam erection sequence figure of the present invention
Fig. 7 is high-rise building steel structure post column joint welding sequence figure of the present invention
Fig. 8 is high-rise building steel structure girder column joint welding sequence figure of the present invention
Specifically describe embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
With underground 4 floor ground 50 floor, outer steel structure frame, interior steel concrete core tube, 197.95 meters of building structure height, the superelevation layer steel building that building general height is 243 meters, overall floorage 9.4889 ten thousand square meters.8789 tons of steel work gross weights, 30 layers and 45 layers are provided with overhanging steel arm, i.e. steel truss.As accompanying drawing 1.The steel of the steel work of this project and connector material are all used home made materials.
Construction flow chart such as accompanying drawing 2.
One, steel work manufacturing
Establishment steel work manufacturing operation guiding book in the manufacturing process of steel member, strictly observes.
To steel material, Q345 a hundred per cent, Q235 reviews by criticizing, and its material will adhere to specification.
Steel column is made the length negative common difference, gets negative 5 positive 1.
Girder steel is made the length plus tolerance, gets negative 1 positive 5.
The steel structure manufacture is checked: check position, angle, bolt hole and the position of member appearance and size, junction plate part, and the member welding quality, the rubbing surface crudy, face coat quality etc., and the member appearance quality certification is arranged.
Two, Steel Structure Installation
1. work out Steel Structure Installation order chart and welding sequence chart
Steel Structure Installation precedence diagram such as accompanying drawing 3,4,5, subordinate list 1,2,3.
Steel work welding sequence figure such as accompanying drawing 6,7.
2. steel work is on-the-spot stacks
Establish the stacking field on ground and podium floor face
3. steel member transportation
First segmented column is transported the scene by erection sequence, and neat according to the erection sequence discharging, and each segmented column is transported on-the-spot discharging neatly by the anti-order of erection sequence epiphase later on.
Whole members of on-the-spot stacking one segmented column are not the members of this segmented column, must not transport the order arrangement that on-the-spot each layer part stacked, and to reduce the crane vertical transport and hang inferior.
Part is compiled and is gone up the lifting serial number, points out the orientation, marks clear.Pillar is provided with the absolute altitude reference line, select the longest post to set an absolute altitude control line, every post is benchmark on ground with the capital, post is set the absolute altitude control line of usefulness is installed, establish two faces at least, and the absolute altitude control line orientation of attention and lower prop is consistent, center line, indicate eye-catchingly, when the two ends of beam are asymmetric or pertusate beam, also will mark the orientation
Three, measure technology
Install with relative elevation, compound with design elevation.
With micrometer instrument or laser transit, or total powerstation is up to the standards, and length is checked with steel ruler, and verticality is weighed down with line and checked.
The measurement of internal core tube reinforced concrete structure and steel work will be coordinated.The reference line of pillar orientation axis is set on ground, check intact structural column axis shift, absolute altitude, reverse, etc.
Every segmented column is guided to the high-altitude to the post orientation axis on ground, and is emitted the position line of each post before installing, and reference line is measured and will be used dynamometer, with the pulling force of regulation.
During lifting pillar member, carry out the measurement update of absolute altitude, displacement, verticality, and carry out intermediate record, coupled columns is monitored when hanging girder.
Every segmented column is measured the relative elevation of capital after the top layer beam of this segmented column has welded, select the highest post to set an absolute altitude line, establish two faces at least, and attention is consistent with the upper prop orientation, as the absolute altitude position line of last segmented column.
Four, limit scaffold
The scaffold of core tube side is set, core tube side steel structure member position measurement unwrapping wire.
The operating platform that pillar and welded post column joint are installed is set, installation is set, welds scaffolding platform or hanging basket that girder is used.Safety rope on the girder steel is set.
Five, davit
According to pillar erection sequence figure and table 1,2, the order of 3..... installs by part.Check before installing that the steel ladder of colligation on steel column want safety firmly, last people is convenient, as it is also inconvenient to hang over a face of pillar, can hang two faces, and ladder will can put in half sole.Get the backing plate proofreading and correct post and use, gad etc. ready.Hang up properly interim junction plate and high-strength bolt that lower prop and upper prop use, be with permanent junction plate and high-strength bolt.The post hoist cable will be adjusted intensity, and safety factor is not less than 5.Note not damaging post back welding seam backing plate during lifting, align the back and transfer absolute altitude, column joint misalignment about aligning again, reverse, proofread and correct again the pillar verticality, with the fixing absolute altitude of bquster, without cable wind rope with interim junction plate.The coupled columns timing requires the absolute altitude of post, displacement (reversing), vertically can reach partially ± 0.Tighten the big turret head high-strength bolt of interim junction plate with whole screwing torque.Pluck suspension hook.
Six, hang girder
The scaffold that is provided with on core tube limit, the bottom can not influence the installation of this laminated-type steel plate, and measurement core tube built-in fitting position absolute altitude is also put line well, and the temporary support point of girder is set.According to member erection sequence figure and table 1,2, the order of 3..... installs by the part lifting, once string hangs the 2-3 root, the hoist cable of every beam will hang in the suspension hook, with wire rope beam bundle watchman's wooden clapper is lived, and goes up order in pressing and ties up lifting.Accelerate lifting speed, with two pairs of hoist cables.
Wear upper beam two ends gusset plate and high-strength bolt on ground, it is firm that high-strength bolt is placed in the kit bag colligation, is not more than 1 meter from the distance of beam head.
Girder rises to be lifted up into shelves and aligns, and use earlier crowfoot, and with dashing the accurate position that nail or drift have been aligned member, correct to the pillar monitoring location again, connection flaggy bolt hole aligns, and once puts into high-strength bolt, replaces without plain bolt.
When once string hangs three beams, lower floor's girder is installed earlier, next installs the middle level girder, and the upper strata beam is installed again, reserve weld shrinkage, and each joint stays 1-3mm, and is preferably definite through testing.
When girder is installed, follow the tracks of, check the verticality of pillar, reverse and reserve weld shrinkage with four transits.
Set up beam head scaffold or extension and hang the hurdle, it is intact that one deck girder is installed rectifying inspection, just twists, and twists high-strength bolt eventually.
Seven, hang secondary beam
Wear the gusset plate and the high-strength bolt at beam two ends last time on ground, it is firm that high-strength bolt is placed in the kit bag colligation, is not more than 1 meter from the distance of beam head.
According to member erection sequence figure and table 1,2, the order of 3..... installs by part, once string hangs the 3-5 root, the hoist cable of every beam will hang in the suspension hook, with wire rope beam bundle watchman's wooden clapper is lived, and goes up order in pressing and ties up lifting.
The secondary beam upper surface will with the leveling of girder upper surface, align the flaggy eyelet with dashing nail, the adjustment of secondary beam position is correct, connects to put into high-strength bolt, removes sub fastening high-strength bolt with hand earlier, just twists and twists high-strength bolt eventually.For accelerating lifting speed, the same with girder, replace use with two secondary hoist cables.
Eight, high-strength bolt technology
With the rubbing surface that gets rusty, wipe floating rust with soft fabric during installation, can not use wire brush, the rubbing surface test will have trial curve figure.The inspection of bolt shaft power will adhere to specification.
Just screwing torque wants high, with 80% of whole screwing torque, makes flaggy closely connected, and it is closely connected that a just stubborn flaggy does not reach flaggy, add again and twist, and after flaggy is closely connected, carries out the end of high-strength bolt again and twists.
Joint is with the high-strength bolt of same specification, the direction unanimity, and the length unanimity will be noted the direction of the nuts and washers of high-strength bolt, must not adorn anti-.
After member is installed and proofreaied and correct correctly, just twist again, twist high-strength bolt eventually, when post column joint compound plate place can not use electric wrench, use wrest fixing spanner, turn round the moment of torsion of spanner surely and will make regular check on.
The gas cutting reaming is forbidden to use in the high-strength bolt hole, and high-strength bolt is answered and freely penetrated in the hole, must not knock in hammer by force, or be screwed into removing son.
Just twist and when twisting high-strength bolt eventually, be from bolt group center, to around expansion.
Expose the 2-4 button after high-strength bolt is tightened and be advisable, it is not enough to have lacked power, has grown stubborn not tight.
Nine, welding procedure
The building site weld seam is arc welding, also available gas protection weldering by hand preferably.
The welder carries out welding training and examination before welding, theoretical examination and practical skill examination are arranged, and the welder will number, and code name steel seal is arranged.Before welding job begins, carry out welding procedure test earlier, steel plate butt joint soldering test, greatly directly through the welding rod test weld, low-temperature welding engineer testing, the soldering test that the xenogenesis steel connect.Post column joint welding equal conditions is done operating operation test in 1: 1 at the scene, and all qualified.
Electric welder no-load voltage is not less than 80 volts, and capacity wants to weld the welding rod of 5,6,7,8 millimeters straight warps, during welding, uses the higher limit of welding rod rated current, promptly uses big slightly electric current.
Electrode holder line, ground wire cross section are not less than 50 square millimeters, and length is advisable for 100 meters, and the ground wire of every electric welding machine will directly firmly be connected with steel work.
Welding rod requires oven dry in accordance with regulations, puts into electrode dryer during use.Be equipped with pneumatic scarfing cinder scuppit, deposit the discard electrode keg.
The post column joint welding wind measure of the time setting up defences is equipped with and transfers the electric current personnel, and the change of position while welding, the change of core diameter all will in time be aligned electric current.
Beam core socket joint head, the post column joint, the underproof bevel for welding of column beam joint will be handled according to the size of designing requirement before welding.
Strict with the welding sequence of stipulating among the welding sequence figure 1,2,3,4,5,6........ welding, must not change arbitrarily.
The run-on tab of girder weld seam, breath arc plate is made by member processing factory, and the postwelding run-on tab can not excise.
Column joint is without run-on tab, with the weldering of turn-taking.During welding, two electric welder opposites are symmetrically welded with identical speed, and the place will slow down the welding rod translational speed at the post angle, welds out corner.
The weld seam of a column joint will not interrupt having welded continuously, and the centre can not stop, if surpass 7 hours the weld interval of a joint or the longer time, arranges two classes or many classes of operations.
The weld seam of the beam head joint that beam and column or beam and column stretch out with welder skill behind the first bolt, is twisted high-strength bolt earlier eventually, electric welding again, weldering lower wing plate earlier, after the wing plate of burn-oning.
Mother metal thickness surpasses 40 millimeters Q345 steel, and weld preheating is welded to 100-150 degree centigrade again.To use backing weld seam respectively during welding, middle weld seam, the different welding procedures of cap weld are welded.The postwelding after heat keep 100-150 degree centigrade 1 hour.Winter or environment temperature are lower than 0 degree and are incubated with heat insulating material when following, and the temperature reduction of speed is not more than per minute 10 and spends.
Postwelding was used the ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination inspection in 24 hours, first-time qualification rate 97%, underproof reprocess qualified.
Ten, the profiled sheet profiled sheet is with homemade cold rolling common plate, and material will be up to the standards.
Establishment profiled sheet layout plan, promptly material cutting plan comprises plate, end socket, eaves board, plate are finished the structure piece number, and ground processes the corner cut breach, and is the same with the steel member, and the high-altitude need not process.Subregion is concentrated ties up lifting according to installing, and hangs by the district, and the level transportation is not done in the high-altitude.
Before the lay on girder steel the position line of measuring profiled sheet, the plate discharging is laid evenly, the spot welding of profiled sheet, count, spot welding size length will be welded enough and welded, and satisfy the electric current of nail solder, available rivet between plate, satisfy not spillage of concrete, the weld seam of profiled sheet and girder steel, per 0.5 meter weldering is a bit, every length is not less than 15 millimeters, guarantees that the electric current of nail solder passes on the steel work by profiled sheet.Enough length is arranged, with electric current by nail solder.Profiled sheet and steel work will be installed synchronously, Steel Structure Installation thereunto, profiled sheet and then be routed to the there.
11, nail solder
Select equipment according to project scale, the peg material evaluation is qualified, and magnet ring specification material evaluation is qualified, penetrates weldering with 8 tooth magnet rings, uses dry magnet ring, oven dry before the magnet ring that makes moist uses.
Welding parameter: directly be welded on the girder steel and penetrate the profiled sheet weldering and be welded in selected respectively welding parameter on the girder steel again, be connected firmly with 2 ground wires and steel work, the cross section of line, ground wire: 120 square millimeters in line cross section, 50 meters of length.2 of ground wires, 90 square millimeters in cross section, 9 meters of length use iron clamp card jail on steel work.2500 amperes in electric current, 0.8 second time, 6 millimeters of peg fusing length.
At the upper surface of girder steel and the upper surface measuring peg position line of profiled sheet, the surface of peg position is clear clean, during welding, when peg is put into the clamp of welding gun, compress the pressure clamp, the peg welding gun wants vertical with beam face weldment, hook electric switch again after peg rifle, peg and girder steel compress is carried the peg rifle again after electric arc stops, nail solder is got to deflection 30 degree with hammering, it is qualified not occurring unusual, makes oblique peg and needn't set upright.
12, application
The post coat position has: high-strength bolt joint, welding point place, transporting and hoisting collsion damage position, the facial position of profiled sheet underbeam.The component surface coating decoration of cleaning application equates with member coating pass coating layer thickness.
13, fireproof paint
The material material evaluation, fireproof paint will be complementary with the anticorrosive paint of steel work.The fireproof paint construction reaches required thickness by fire-protection rating.
14, intermediate acceptance
With two segmented columns is a unit, and the whole members that are circulated to a segmented column are installed welding, carry out immediately after inspection record is finished.
Implement this worker method, it is simple to have reached technology, easy construction, and it is few, safe and reliable to use of labor, the installation accuracy height, good engineering quality, speed of application is fast.
On this structural steelwork, this worker method easy construction, safety have guaranteed safety effectively, have guaranteed installation accuracy effectively, and the installation engineering quality of this project has reached the good grade of national standard.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of mounting method for high-rise building steel structure comprises the member of high-rise building steel structure, pillar 1, girder 2, girder 4, stair 5, floor 6, shearing resistance truss 7, gusset plate and various connector.The monolithic architecture thing has pure frame structure or is with shearing resistance core tube, shearing resistance trussed construction system, and there are rectangle, rectangle, polygon and combination shape in the plane of building.There are box-shaped, tubular, H shape, cross in the cross section of steel column, and there are H shape, I-shaped and box-shaped in the cross section of girder steel.Be connected with plant equipment and measuring apparatus be installed, be welded to connect with bolt by connecing post and multilayer beam and other members more, constitute whole building,
It is characterized in that high-rise building steel structure installation technology flow process is: preparation of construction, establishment high-rise building steel structure construction organization design, establishment member erection sequence figure, table, establishment block welding sequence figure, table, technology is measured in establishment, the quality examination of steel structure manufacture, the transportation of steel member, stack, member is write erection sequence number, emits the member center line, the absolute altitude line, cat ladder is installed in colligation, chain-wales, join the post junction plate, high-strength bolt, the steel column lifting is installed, and proofreaies and correct absolute altitude, displacement, reverse, hang down partially, steel column is fixed, surveying record is provided with level, vertical safety net is provided with security protection and blocks bar, girder junction plate and high-strength bolt are supporting, girder is installed, the post monitoring, and secondary beam junction plate and high-strength bolt are supporting, secondary beam is installed, high-strength bolt is just twisted, twist high-strength bolt inspection record, the welding of upper strata beam eventually, the qualified laying of Welding Testing upper strata profiled sheet, the orientation axis that draws segmented column from ground, the absolute altitude line, lower floor, middle level beam weldering, Welding Testing is qualified, lays lower floor, the middle level profiled sheet, nail solder, the welding of post column cap, Welding Testing is qualified, a segmented column all-mass record, one segmented column intermediate acceptance, the fireproof paint construction.
2, worker's method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that installing with relative elevation, compound with design elevation, the steel column that is welded to connect is made the length negative common difference, the girder steel that is welded to connect is made the length plus tolerance, work out on-the-spot member according to the member erection sequence and stack precedence diagram, on-the-spot whole members of stacking a segmented column, structure is installed and is divided two installation flowing water sections in the plane, with the capital is the absolute altitude control line that benchmark is provided with post, the orientation axis of every segmented column all draws up from ground, every segmented column is all aligned the absolute altitude of post, all align design attitude, every post all independent correction before mounting rail, the interim connection of upper prop and following column joint used high-strength bolt, the bolt aperture is than 3.5 millimeters of the diameters of bolt, absolute altitude with the levelling pillar, proofread and correct the absolute altitude of pillar with the interim junction plate of post and post, displacement, reverse and verticality, without cable wind rope and support, once proofreaied and correct the absolute altitude of pillar, displacement, verticality, during girder between erection column and the post, the verticality of monitoring post, the high-strength bolt that structure is used, when installation component, press the specification in the erection sequence table, quantity hangs over lifting together on the member with kit bag, it is correct that each member is installed correction position, directly puts into high-strength bolt.Whenever proofreading and correct pillar all measures with the vertical plane of transit, the vertical missing that produces that variations in temperature has made post, forced resetting during girder between erection column and pillar, establishment pillar erection sequence figure, table, erection sequence figure according to pillar, table is installed gradually, establishment girder precedence diagram, table, erection sequence figure according to girder, table is installed by part, the order that one segmented column is installed girder is lower floor's girder, the middle level girder, the upper strata girder, the order that secondary beam is installed also is lower floor's secondary beam, the middle level secondary beam, the upper strata secondary beam, work out the detailed schedule that a segmented column is installed, the integral installation of each member of segmented column comprises that in proper order welding sequence is
Install: post, lower floor's girder, middle level girder, upper strata girder, lower floor's secondary beam, laminated shaped steel plate, middle level secondary beam, middle level profiled sheet, upper strata secondary beam, upper strata profiled sheet, stair and other members, the erection sequence of single member is installed in proper order according to the erection sequence figure of establishment
Welding: upper strata girder, upper strata profiled sheet, lower floor's girder, laminated shaped steel plate, middle level girder, middle level profiled sheet, the welded post column joint welds other members such as stair at last, and the welding sequence of single member is welded in proper order according to the welding sequence figure that works out,
The post column joint is with the weldering of turn-taking, and without run-on tab, post column joint mother metal steel plate is greater than 40 millimeters weld preheating, postwelding after heat and insulation,
Post beam mixing jointing adopts the order of welding behind the first bolt, reduces welding deformation,
Welding procedure under the establishment negative temperature, winter or temperature are welded according to the negative temperature welding procedure when negative temperature,
Establishment profiled sheet layout plan, table are numbered the plate of different size, and by number processing, according to the layout plan block-by-block lay of profiled sheet, the processing of profiled sheet is no longer done in on-the-spot and high-altitude,
Profiled sheet and steel work are installed synchronously, Steel Structure Installation thereunto, profiled sheet be routed to the there,
The welding that profiled sheet was directly welded and penetrated in the parameters assurance of nail solder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99122696 CN1085764C (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Mounting method for high-rise building steel structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99122696 CN1085764C (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Mounting method for high-rise building steel structure |
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| CN1261638A true CN1261638A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| CN1085764C CN1085764C (en) | 2002-05-29 |
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