CN1261602C - Cu-C material for electric brush and its preparing process - Google Patents
Cu-C material for electric brush and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1261602C CN1261602C CN 01115208 CN01115208A CN1261602C CN 1261602 C CN1261602 C CN 1261602C CN 01115208 CN01115208 CN 01115208 CN 01115208 A CN01115208 A CN 01115208A CN 1261602 C CN1261602 C CN 1261602C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a novel Cu-C electric brush material and a manufacturing process thereof. The material is prepared from copper (Cu), submicron/nanometer scale graphite particles (C) and minor additive elements (Cr); the material is obtained by batching, high-energy ball milling, cold pressing, vacuum pumping and quick zone melting. The present invention has the advantages that: the electric conduction, the heat conduction, the density and the abrasion resistance are obviously improved, and the resistivity can be decreased by 30%; the organization of the material is compact, and the relative density is close to 100%; the graphite is fine, and the graphite is uniformly distributed; the fracture toughness is improved by 38%; the material is safe and reliable in use, and the service life is long. The process has the advantages of high production efficiency, short production time and little energy source consumption.
Description
The present invention relates to composite Cu-C brush material and manufacturing process thereof, the weave construction and the preparation technology of particularly novel micrometer/nanometer composite Cu-C brush material.
The Cu-C matrix material is widely used as the brush material in the mesolow electric equipment products and puts contact material owing to having favorable conductive, heat conduction, wear resisting property and good and economic.This material is to be uniform-distribution with graphite particle in the matrix of Cu, and the Cu matrix mainly rises and supports and electric action.The uniform distribution of graphite in the copper matrix not only has provide protection to material, but also can play lubricated and anti-melting welding effect.But the existence of graphite also reduces the mechanical property of material, and is especially when the graphite particle size is big, big more to the negative impact of mechanical property, lubrication and anti-melting welding effect.Graphite size in the commercial Cu-C brush material tissue is bigger, generally adopts the powder metallurgic method preparation.The part but this method also comes with some shortcomings, as: mechanical property is good inadequately, and fracture toughness property and ductility are relatively poor usually, and early stage brittle rupture in use easily takes place; Because the granularity of graphite particle is bigger, the anti-melting welding ability of material is relatively poor; The cost height, complex process equipment; The scantlings of the structure of part is restricted, and is difficult to prepare comparatively complicated parts of shape and structure; Material density is lower etc.This material applications is extensive, and there is certain limitation again in traditional technology simultaneously.At present, under the condition that does not change content of graphite, over-all properties also nobody's research at present that granularity, distributing homogeneity by changing graphite and the density that improves material improve material.The present invention is on the basis of drawing the traditional method advantage, and according to powder metallurgy theory, molten theoretical, theoretical, the floating scheduling theory of particle of rapid solidification in district, be prepared into the copper-graphite matrix material by district's process of smelting, be developed into the brush material of high conductivity, long life.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel submicron-nano combined Cu-C brush material product and manufacturing process thereof that on weave construction, has characteristics such as graphite particle is tiny, uniform distribution, density height.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of Cu-C brush material, this material mainly are made of copper, graphite and trace additives chromium or nickel component, and the content of copper is 90.4～95.4% (weight), and the content of graphite is 4.5～9.3% (weight), and the content of chromium or nickel is 0.1～0.4% (weight).The graphite particle even dispersion is distributed in the Cu matrix, mainly is submicron or nanoscale, and the size of graphite particle is all less than 0.8 μ m, and part is less than 100nm.
A kind of manufacturing process of Cu-C brush material, with copper powder, Graphite Powder 99 and trace additives chromium or three kinds of powders of nickel, content according to copper is 90.4～95.4% (weight), the content of graphite is 4.5～9.3% (weight), the content of chromium or nickel is that the ratio of 0.1～0.4% (weight) is prepared burden, again through high-energy ball milling, cold pressing, vacuumize, technology such as fast area melting makes.
During batching, the copper powder granularity is that 50～60 μ m, Graphite Powder 99 granularity are less than 40 μ m; When batching, add wetting agent acetone, its content 3.0～6.0% (weight).
Pressed compact with the Cu-C brush material after the coldmoulding applies one deck supporting film outside, and this supporting film is made of water glass and thin silica powder.The thickness of supporting film is generally 0.5～0.8mm; The granularity of the silica powder that the preparation supporting film is used generally should be 300～500 orders.
In above-mentioned technology, the zone melting specific equipment mainly is made up of vacuum chamber (9), motor (13), saddle (12), radio-frequency induction coil (7) and graphite auxiliary heater (6), be connected with recirculated water between inwall of vacuum chamber (5) and the outer wall (4), radio-frequency induction coil (7) keeps water-cooled.
Vacuum tightness in the vacuum chamber should remain on vacuum tightness and be higher than 5 * 10
-3Pa.The height of radio-frequency induction coil and graphite auxiliary heater equates, highly is 3～5mm.
The relative density of pressed compact＞85%.Pressed compact keeps certain speed to move in vacuum chamber from top to bottom, and movement velocity is generally 1.0～2.0mm/s.
Pressed compact carries out the fast area melting under the protection of supporting film, heating and temperature control is in ℃ scope of body material fusing point+10～30.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, because graphite particle obtains refinement significantly, in the copper matrix that is distributed in modification of the graphite particle even dispersion of submicron-nanoscale, and through the quick smelting solidification in zone.Therefore, the interfacial gap of Cu-C is eliminated, and the density of material improves, and relative density is near 100%.The conduction of material, heat conduction and anti-ablation property are good.Conduction, heat conduction, density and wear resistance significantly improve, and compare with domestic congruent commercial Cu-C brush, and resistivity can reduce by 30%.
2, graphite is tiny and be evenly distributed, and again through melting, graphite particle combines with interface between the Cu matrix and improves, and its fracture toughness property is greatly enhanced, and the commercial Cu-C brush of the more domestic same specification of fracture toughness property improves 38%.
3, material mechanical performance is good, safe and reliable, and the life-span is long.
4, adopt the fast area melting, technological process is accelerated, and production efficiency increases substantially.
5, have advantages such as cost is low, preparation technology is simple and reliable on the preparation technology.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is a zone melting specific equipment structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Submicron composite Cu of the present invention-its process for making of C brush material following (referring to Fig. 1):
(1) gets the raw materials ready: the raw material of preparing preparation.
(2) batching: prepare burden by certain specification (national standard) requirement.Basic material copper powder (Cu), content are 95.4% (weight), granularity 50～60 μ m; Graphite (C), content are 4.5% (weight), and granularity is less than 40 μ m; Trace additives chromium (Cr), content are 0.1% (weight).
(3) high-energy ball milling: the above-mentioned raw material of having prepared is added wetting agent acetone mix and refinement, the add-on of acetone is 3.0～6.0% (weight).Under the protection of acetone; in high energy ball mill, carry out ball milling, by control high-energy ball milling ratio of grinding media to material (5: 1), ball milling time (being generally about 1 hour) control the granularity of graphite, make the graphite particle refinement; its granularity mean sizes is less than 0.8 μ m, and portion size can be less than 100nm.
(4) cold pressing: after the fine powder process oven dry behind the ball milling, compression moulding at room temperature, the initial density of pressed compact is controlled at relative density greater than 85%.
(5) zone melting:
A, coating supporting film: apply the supporting film of a bed thickness 0.5～0.8mm at the skin of pressed compact, as protective layer, and oven dry.Supporting film is made of water glass and thin silica powder, and the granularity of used silica powder is generally 300～500 orders, and the proportioning of supporting film coating is that silica powder accounts for 35～45% (weight).
B, zone melting equipment: (referring to Fig. 3) zone melting specific equipment mainly is made up of vacuum chamber 9, motor 13, support 12, radio-frequency induction coil 7 and graphite auxiliary heater 6.Vacuum chamber is made of top cover 1, outer wall 4, inwall 5, water-in 8, water outlet 10 and vacuum orifice 2; Between inwall 5 and outer wall 4, be connected with recirculated water.
Be provided with saddle 12 in vacuum chamber 9, this saddle is by driven by motor.Motor 13 is placed on outside the vacuum chamber 9.
In vacuum chamber 9, be provided with radio-frequency induction coil 7 and graphite auxiliary heater 6; Both are highly equal, and it highly is about 5mm.Radio-frequency induction coil 7 keeps water-cooled.
C, zone melting: radio-frequency induction coil 7 and graphite auxiliary heater 6 are put in the lower end that will have the pressed compact 11 of supporting film earlier, and the upper end is stuck in the support 12.Vacuumize then, and carry out equipment preheating debugging, vacuum tightness is remained on greater than 5 * 10
-3Carry out the fast area melting under the Pa condition.The motion of pressed compact 11 in vacuum chamber 9 answered held stationary, do not shaken, and its speed remains on 1.0～2.0mm/s.The zone melting temperature is controlled at 1083+10～30 ℃.
(6) make sample: the blank of the submicron of making-nano combined Cu-C brush material.The graphite particle even dispersion is distributed in the Cu matrix in this blank, and the size of graphite particle is less than 0.8 μ m.This blank is made the brush material product of desired size after mechanical workout.
This invention can be produced the submicron composite Cu-C brush material product of different size (content of graphite) as required, the content of graphite from 0.5% to 10%, and the diameter of product is from Φ 6mm～Φ 35mm.
Embodiment 2:
Submicron composite Cu of the present invention-its process for making of C brush material following (referring to Fig. 2):
(1) gets the raw materials ready: the raw material of preparing preparation.
(2) high-energy ball milling: earlier Graphite Powder 99 (C) is carried out high-energy ball milling, make Graphite Powder 99 refine to 0.8um following (by controlling ratio of grinding media to material 5: 1, fill factor 0.4 is about 1 hour ball milling time);
(3) batching: prepare burden by certain specification (national standard) requirement.Basic material copper powder (Cu), content are 90.4% (weight), granularity 50～60 μ m; Graphite (C), content are 9.3% (weight), and granularity is less than 0.8mm; Trace additives nickel (Ni) 250 orders, content are 0.3% (weight).
(4) mix powder: the above-mentioned raw material of preparing is added wetting agent acetone mix, the add-on of acetone is 3.0～6.0% (weight).High-energy ball milling is 5 minutes under the protection of acetone.
(5) cold pressing: the powder that mixes compression moulding at room temperature, the initial density of pressed compact is controlled at relative density greater than 85%.
Other technological process is with embodiment 1.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of Cu-C brush material, it is characterized in that: this material is to be made of copper, graphite and trace additives chromium or nickel component, the content of copper is 90.4～95.4% (weight), and the content of graphite is 4.5～9.3% (weight), and the content of chromium or nickel is 0.1～0.4% (weight).
2, Cu-C brush material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the graphite particle even dispersion is distributed in the Cu matrix, mainly is submicron or nanoscale, and the size of graphite particle is all less than 0.8 μ m, and part is less than 100nm.
3, a kind of manufacturing process of Cu-C brush material, it is characterized in that: with copper powder, Graphite Powder 99 and trace additives chromium or three kinds of powder of nickel, content according to copper is 90.4～95.4% (weight), the content of graphite is 4.5～9.3% (weight), the content of chromium or nickel is that the ratio of 0.1～0.4% (weight) is prepared burden, through high-energy ball milling, cold pressing, vacuumize, the fast area melting technology makes.
4, manufacturing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the pressed compact with the Cu-C brush material after the coldmoulding, apply one deck supporting film outside, and this supporting film is made of water glass and thin silica powder; The thickness of supporting film is generally 0.5～0.8mm; The granularity of the silica powder that the preparation supporting film is used generally should be 300～500 orders.
5, according to claim 3 or 4 described manufacturing process, it is characterized in that: the relative density of pressed compact＞85%.
6, manufacturing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the vacuum tightness in the vacuum chamber should be higher than 5 * 10
-3Pa.
7, the manufacturing process of stating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the zone melting specific equipment mainly is made up of vacuum chamber (9), motor (13), saddle (12), radio-frequency induction coil (7) and graphite auxiliary heater (6), be connected with recirculated water between inwall of vacuum chamber (5) and the outer wall (4), radio-frequency induction coil (7) keeps water-cooled.
8, according to claim 3 or 7 described manufacturing process, it is characterized in that: the height of radio-frequency induction coil and graphite auxiliary heater equates, highly is 3～5mm.
9, manufacturing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: pressed compact keeps certain speed to move in vacuum chamber from top to bottom, and movement velocity is generally 1.0～2.0mm/s.
10, manufacturing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: pressed compact carries out the fast area melting under the protection of supporting film, and heating and temperature control is in ℃ scope of body material fusing point+10～30.
11, manufacturing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: when batching, add wetting agent acetone, its content is 3.0～6.0% (weight).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01115208 CN1261602C (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Cu-C material for electric brush and its preparing process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01115208 CN1261602C (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Cu-C material for electric brush and its preparing process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1317591A CN1317591A (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| CN1261602C true CN1261602C (en) | 2006-06-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 01115208 Expired - Fee Related CN1261602C (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Cu-C material for electric brush and its preparing process |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE602004025136D1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2010-03-04 | Abb Research Ltd | COATINGS FROM M (n + 1) AX (n) MATERIALS FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACT ELEMENTS |
| CN101847816B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2011-08-10 | 苏州东南碳制品有限公司 | Wind driven power generation and transmission conductor powder metallurgy structural part and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103811970A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-21 | 钱俊勇 | Production technology for anti-corrosion brush |
| CN103811971A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-21 | 钱俊勇 | Production process for high temperature resistant electric brush |
| CN103409779B (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-06-01 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of nano combined brush is coated with the method for standby super hydrophobic surface |
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