Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of reverse connection protector that adopts electromagnetic release that backing protection function is provided for ground-fault interrupter GFCI.By adopting electromagnetic releaser mechanism and utilizing the stationary contact that is connected the load wiring end to insulate and separate, can not reset when making ground-fault interrupter reversal connection line and also no power of panel jack with the stationary contact that is used to be connected load panel jack place.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of reverse connection protector of ground connection barrier circuit breaker, comprising: pedestal and the jockey, electromagnetic trip mechanism and the control circuit that are installed in the energising conducting load in the pedestal.The jockey of energising conducting load comprises: first termination, by the wire connecting power input; Second termination connects load end by lead; The 3rd termination connects at least one user by lead and can insert load end.Electromagnetic releaser mechanism is the actuator of control first termination and second termination and the 3rd termination while on/off, comprising: mobile support body between the second place that can disconnect in the primary importance and the realization of realization connection; Be arranged on the hook on the support body, when support body is in the second place, hook does not apply active force to first termination, and when support body was shifted to primary importance by the second place, hook promotion first termination was shifted to second termination respectively and promoted until contacting with its formation with the 3rd termination.Control circuit comprises a reset control circuit, and reset control circuit is a control circuit by the execution adhesive of reset switch control electromagnetic trip mechanism, and its working power is by the power input supply.
In addition, first termination comprises at least two pairs of movable contact springs, and second termination and the 3rd termination comprise at least one pair of static contact respectively.Paired movable contact spring be arranged in parallel face-to-face substantially, and makes and form broad gap portion and narrow clearance portion therebetween, and when support body is in the second place, hook is in broad gap portion, and paired movable contact spring separates with paired static contact; When support body by the second place when primary importance moves, hook is moved to narrow clearance portion by broad gap portion, keeps in touch near paired static contact and with it thereby be pushed into right movable contact spring.
Movable contact spring has the straightway that constitutes narrow clearance portion forms broad gap portion with link to each other also outwards bending with straightway bending section, and bending section is V-shaped substantially.Hook has wide and narrow portion with corresponding broad gap portion of difference and narrow clearance portion.
In addition, electromagnetic releaser mechanism comprises tripping coil, pull-in winding, be installed in tripping coil and the pull-in winding and the armature that links to each other with support body, with the permanent magnet and the dropout spring of armature adhesive, when pull-in winding is switched on, armature overcomes the dropout spring force under the electromagnetic force effect effect move and with the permanent magnet adhesive, support body is in primary importance, when tripping coil is switched on, throw off with permanent magnet under armature acts in the restoring force of electromagnetic force and dropout spring, support body moves to the second place.
In addition, also comprise resetting device, resetting device has reset key that is installed on the housing and the wiring pin that resets that links to each other with reset control circuit, reset key and reset and be in normal off between the wiring pin and open state;
Comprise testing apparatus in addition, testing apparatus has feeler switch, and feeler switch makes the test circuit work of control circuit and detects the service behaviour of reverse connection protector.
Reverse connection protector of the present invention has adopted electromagnetic releaser mechanism, the jockey and the correspondent control circuits of the conducting load of switching on.Wherein tripping mechanism is a kind of electromagnetic releaser mechanism, produce the dropout and the adhesive action that are used for realizing tripping mechanism of corresponding electromagnetic force and permanent magnet by tripping coil, the pull-in winding of tripping mechanism, and utilize the adhesive confining force of the magnetic force of permanent magnet as tripping mechanism, and when the reversal connection line, control circuit loses power supply, tripping mechanism with regard to akinesia, use ground-fault interrupter GFCI socket of the present invention just can not reset like this.According to the present invention, the jockey of energising conducting load has adopted second termination and the 3rd termination that is provided with the insulation separating type, second termination is as being used for the stationary contact that terminals connect load, the 3rd termination is as being used for the stationary contact that GFCI socket panel jack connects load, when the tripping mechanism adhesive, relative first termination that separates of the other end contacts simultaneously and reaches the purpose that GFCI resets with linking together as movable contact and an end respectively by insulation second termination separately and the 3rd termination, and when threading off, the disjunction simultaneously of movable contact and stationary contact realizes the purpose that GFCI cuts off the electricity supply.Thereby when adopting ground-fault interrupter reversal connection line of the present invention, GFCI panel jack and whole GFCI socket control circuit be no power all, thereby has reached truly backing protection function.
In more detail, when allowing the pull-in winding energising when pressing reset key, utilize pull-in winding to provide one to act on the elastic force frictional force relevant that armature overcomes the dropout spring with some with electromagnetic force that permanent magnet is inhaled mutually, reach the purpose of tripping mechanism closure, and providing a confining force by the magnetic force of permanent magnet, the tripping mechanism of maintenance is in closure state.Because armature and slidably support body heat be injection-moulded in together, thereby the mobile slip support body that directly drives of armature slides along the armature moving direction, movable contact in the jockey of the energising conducting load that the hook of slip support body both sides also drives simultaneously moves, movable contact is contacted with corresponding stationary contact or disconnect, thereby reach the purpose that GFCI resets and threads off.All make an end with the movable contact that power supply phase line or center line connect and link together that the other end is relative to be separated, and all relative insulation separates between the stationary contact at stationary contact that corresponding with it stationary contact is all made the terminals that are used to connect load and the panel jack place that is used to be connected load, stationary contact and stationary contact.Thereby, when GFCI reversal connection line, not only whole GFCI control circuit no power, and also the stationary contact at panel jack place is not charged yet, has played the function of reverse-connection protection.
When GFCI switches on, if with load end leak current fault occurs or add the test of fault current artificially, control circuit will trigger controllable silicon, make it conducting, the tripping coil energising that one end is linked to each other with controllable silicon, utilize tripping coil to produce an electromagnetic force of repelling each other with permanent magnet and the restoring force of dropout spring acts on armature, thereby can reach the purpose of rapid dropout open circuit.
Another object of the present invention provides a special control circuit.This control circuit comprises: earth fault current amplifying circuit, dropout control circuit and reset control circuit.Amplify according to the earth fault current signal, the conducting controllable silicon also makes the tripping coil energising, thereby cuts off jack rapidly and the power supply of face terminals; By the closed reduction switch, the controllable silicon that conducting links to each other makes the pull-in winding energising, reaches the purpose that GFCI resets in the reset control circuit.Simultaneously, at an end of the reset switch electric capacity of having connected, make pull-in winding remain the moment energising, like this, just avoided pull-in winding big because of electric current, conduction time is long, and is burnt out.
The power supply of control circuit and the power end of GFCI link, and when GFCI was charged, the GFCI control circuit was simultaneously charged.And when forming reversal connection when power input line and load line are linked, control circuit is just not charged, and GFCI just can not reset.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is to use the GFCI stereo appearance figure of reverse connection protector of the present invention; Wherein 40 is that installation sheet, 31 is that load power source jack, 32 is that circular earth jack, 60 is that reset key, 50 is that feeler switch, 30 is that loam cake, 113 is that earthing screw (green), 110 is that power supply wiring screw, 10 is that pedestal, 111 is that load wiring screw, 114 is an indicator light (LED).
This outside drawing is that electric current is the GFCI outside drawing of 20A; reverse connection protector of the present invention also can use on the GFCI of other types; and the GFCI of these types has tape light and two kinds of structures of tape light not; its operation principle all is the same; here mainly the GFCI that uses reverse connection protector of the present invention and electric current 20A tape light is described other just do not explain in addition.
We have used the whole GFCI of reverse connection protector of the present invention each parts position relation at trip status as can be seen by Fig. 2.Each parts mainly is to be located by pedestal 10, central dividing plate 20, loam cake 30.
Reverse connection protector of the present invention provides electromagnetic release, permanent magnet 71 is embedded in an end of coil rack 70, the outside is with radome 72, and an end of radome 72 abuts against on the sidewall of pedestal 10 1 ends, and coil rack 70 is to be positioned on the circuit board 90 by four wiring pin; Magnet ring skeleton 80 also is that four wiring pin by its bottom are positioned on the circuit board 90, dress thereon magnetic test coil 81 and neutral misconnection ground protection coil 83 in the middle of be separated with insulating barriers 82.Magnetic test coil 81 is made up of high initial permeability soft magnetism punching lamination, by the silicone grease bonding, plastics protection box is arranged outward between sheet and the sheet, forms with the enamelled wire coiling.Ferrite and enamelled wire coiling that neutral misconnection ground protection coil is coated with the plastics protective layer by wide temperature coefficient, high μ value, outward form; The slidably support body 77 that both sides have hook is injection-moulded in armature 75 heat, utilizes the elastic force of dropout spring 76 to keep it to abut against on the magnet ring skeleton when trip status; The effect of the electromagnetic force during by pull-in winding 73 or tripping coil 74 energisings and the magnetic field force of permanent magnet, driving slidably by armature, support body moves around; Utilize the elastic force jack-up reset key 60 of reseting plate 61, make it just equal with the upper surface of loam cake; Equally, utilize the elastic force jack-up feeler switch 50 of test pieces 51, make it just equal with the upper surface of loam cake.
As shown in Figure 3, a pair ofly have the contact silver point and be fixed on the central dividing plate 20, a pair ofly have the contact silver point and be fixed in the respective card slot on the pedestal 10 by static contact 100A-2,100B-2 that load wiring screw 100 connects loads by static contact 100A-1,100B-1 that panel jack connects load; The installation sheet 40 that has grounding base 41 and earthing screw 113 is stuck on the central dividing plate, utilizes loam cake to compress it; One end of reseting plate 61 is inserted on the central dividing plate in the corresponding draw-in groove, abut against on the pin 63 that resets wherein, the other end can be flexibly be installed in the relevant position on another root pin that resets contact; Equally, an end of test pieces 51 is inserted in the corresponding draw-in groove of central dividing plate, and its outside abuts against the inboard of static contact 100B-1, the other end can be flexibly be installed in correspondence position on test resistance 52 contact;
Fig. 4 is the exploded view of electromagnetic releaser mechanism; This electromagnetic release comprises: coil rack 70, permanent magnet 71, radome 72, pull-in winding 73, tripping coil 74, armature 75, dropout spring 76, both sides have slidably support body 77, the binding post 701 of hook; Because slidably support body 77 and armature 75 are that heat is injection-moulded in together, thereby the hook that will drive when mobile on the support body both sides slidably when armature 75 is stressed moves around, thereby realizes the action that GFCI is closed and thread off.
Fig. 5 is to use the exploded view of the whole GFCI of reverse connection protector of the present invention; As shown in the figure, whole GFCI mainly by pedestal 10, central dividing plate 20, loam cake 30, have grounding base 41 and earthing screw 1 13 installation sheet 40, a pair ofly have the static contact 100-1A, the 100B-1 that contact silver point 101A-1,101B-1, a pair of static contact 100A-2,100B-2, tripping mechanism, resetting device, mechanism for testing and the control circuit that has contact silver point 101A-2,101B-2 formed;
Wherein resetting device mainly comprises: reset key 60, reseting plate 61, the wiring pin 63 that resets, and reseting plate 61 can flexibly contact with the wiring pin 63 that resets, and comes the homing action of automatically controlled release by it; Mechanism for testing mainly comprises; Feeler switch 50, test pieces 51, test resistance 52, magnet ring skeleton 80, magnetic test coil 81, insulating barrier 82, neutral misconnection ground protection coil 83; In addition, 104 be power supply terminal, 105 for tension disc, 110 for the power supply wiring screw, 111 for load wiring screw, 90 for circuit board, two pairs of movable contact spring one ends pass magnet ring respectively in the middle of the magnet ring skeleton, and at the lower surface of circuit board with its solid welding.All parts utilize four trip bolts 115 fastening after pressing diagramatic way and position assembling.
Cooperation position relation after the described electromagnetic releaser mechanism assembling as shown in Figure 6.Partial cross section view when Fig. 7, the 8 represented GFCI that are to use reverse connection protector of the present invention are in dropout and closure state; Produce the effect of the magnetic field force of electromagnetic force and permanent magnet 71 to armature 75 during by tripping coil and pull-in winding energising, support body 77 moves around can to make armature flexibly drive slidably; Owing to adopt movable contact spring 102A-1,102A-2 with special shape and 102B-1,102B-2 and the relation of support body 77 both sides hook slidably, make GFCI when trip status slidably the hook 77A on the support body just be positioned in the V-type groove of movable contact spring, like this, when pull-in winding is switched on, driving slidably after armature is stressed indirectly, support body moves, and slidably the hook of support body both sides is given corresponding power of movable contact spring, force the movable contact spring strain, cause the perpendicular direction of movable contact spring edge and armature moving direction to move; When an end of armature and permanent magnet 71 mutually during adhesive, slidably the hook of support body both sides just is in the horizontal bending part of V-type groove, and this moment, movable contact contact silver point contacts silver point with corresponding stationary contact and contacts, the realization closed action.Owing to adopted the movable contact spring with special shape and the relation of support body both sides hook slidably, this tripping mechanism can promptly have been threaded off, and prevent owing to misoperation makes the release adhesive.
Fig. 9 is to use the typical GFCI circuit diagram of reverse connection protector of the present invention; Diode D
1-D
4Constitute rectification circuit.D
1, D
2The junction, D
3, D
4The junction constitutes ac input end and is connected D with power supply (Line) end of GFCI
2, D
4The junction is the DC power supply negative terminal, herein afterwards narration claim " ".D
1, D
3The junction is that the DC power supply anode is connected R with filter resistance R4
4The other end and filter capacitor C
5One end connects, C
5The other end is connected with ground, capacitor C
5Direct voltage about the 26V of two ends is the DC power supply of electronic circuit.
Reset switch RESET, resistance R
2, capacitor C
6, resistance R
3, capacitor C
7, controllable silicon VD
7, pull-in winding J
2, disconnect K etc. constitutes a reset control circuit; Wherein reset switch RESET and R
4, C
5Link to each other the reset switch RESET other end and R
2, C
6Link to each other R
2, C
6The other end and controllable silicon VD
7The control utmost point, R
3And C
7Link to each other, at controllable silicon VD
7Control utmost point serial connection one and R
3Capacitor C in parallel
7, this electric capacity plays anti-interference effect; Controllable silicon VD
7Negative electrode, R
3, C
7With D
2, D
4Link to each other pull-in winding J
2One end links to each other with the GFCI power end, the other end and controllable silicon VD
7Anode links to each other.Disconnect K one end is connected with power end Line, the other end is connected with load end Load, the contact that this disconnect is connected with power end is the GFCI movable contact and contacts silver point 103A-(1,2), 103B-(1,2), and the contact that is connected with load end is the GFCI stationary contact and contacts silver point 101A-(1,2), 101B-(1,2); The power supply of control circuit links to each other with the power end of GFCI, and when GFCI was charged, the GFCI control circuit was simultaneously charged.When reset switch was switched on, DC power supply was passed through capacitor C
6Charging is at R
3Produce the triggering signal that 20-40mS is arranged approximately, this signal makes controllable silicon VD
7Conducting, pull-in winding J
2By electric current, be about 20-40mS its conduction time, that is to say pull-in winding J
2Can produce the electromagnetic force that a time is about 20-40mS and act on armature 75.Cause disconnect K closure, promptly GFCI is in reset mode.
Pass the magnetic test coil N of two power lines simultaneously
1Output shunt capacitance C
0, an end series capacitance C
1, C
1The other end and resistance R
5Serial connection, R
5The other end be connected magnetic test coil N with input 1 pin of IC
1The other end and another input 3 pin of IC connect and compose transformer coupled differential input circuit.Wherein, R1 is that feedback resistance one end is connected with IC pin 1, and the other end is connected R with IC output 7 pin
1The resistance size determines the IC multiplication factor, promptly determines the size of GFCI dropout action failure current value.
Pass the neutral misconnection ground protection coil N of two power lines simultaneously
2, capacitor C
2, capacitor C
3Constitute a neutral misconnection ground protective circuit; Neutral coil N
2Two ends and capacitor C
2Parallel connection, one end and capacitor C
3Connect other end ground connection, capacitor C
3The other end is connected with IC output 7 pin.Neutral misconnection ground protection is by N
1, N
2Constitute the sine-wave oscillator that transformer coupled frequency of oscillation is about 5KHz, when neutral misconnection ground phenomenon takes place, this oscillator starting of oscillation, when amplitude reaches the IC threshold values, 5 pin of IC output triggering signal, the release action, GFCI disconnects.
Tripping coil J
1, controllable silicon VD
5, capacitor C
4Deng dropout control circuit of formation; Wherein, tripping coil J
1Power supply (Line) end of an end and GFCI be connected the other end and controllable silicon VD
5Anode connect controllable silicon VD
5Trigger electrode be connected controllable silicon VD with IC triggering signal output 5 pin
5Minus earth is at controllable silicon VD
5Anti-interference capacitor C in parallel between trigger electrode and the ground
4Magnetic test coil N
1Detect two power lines by electric current vector and, this vector and be zero during the fault-free electric current at ordinary times, when fault current, this vector and non-vanishing, when fault current increased to the 5mA left and right sides, the magnetic test coil secondary can induce the voltage signal about about 10mV, this signal amplifies through IC, reach (this threshold values is determined by resistance R 1) when setting threshold values, the 5 pin output triggering signal of IC makes controllable silicon VD
5Conducting, tripping coil J
1Charged, release is threaded off at the appointed time, GFCI disconnects.
Feeler switch (TEST), test resistance R
0Constitute a test circuit; Wherein, test resistance R
0Be connected R with power end
0The other end is connected with feeler switch (TEST), and the feeler switch other end is connected with the other end of load (Load).Test circuit is the fault current that 8mA is provided to GFCI, makes regular check on the GFCI service behaviour, maintains a good state.
Power end piezo-resistance Mov in parallel has the absorption protective effect to the instant high-voltage that produces in the power supply.
GFCI can be set simultaneously connect indicating circuit; Light-emitting diode VD in its circuit
6One end is connected VD with load (Load) end
6The other end and current-limiting resistance R
6One end connects, R
6The other end is connected with load (Load) other end, and when GFCI connected, light-emitting diode was shinny.
When the reversal connection line, power supply and load line (Load) end links to each other, and before disconnect K did not have closure, control circuit was uncharged like this, and again because this GFCI employing electric-controlled type resets, and control circuit just can not make pull-in winding J when not charged
2Energising.That is to say in this case; pull-in winding can not produce a corresponding electromagnetic force and act on armature, so the power end of GFCI (Line) and jack all can not switch on, as is provided with indicating circuit; light-emitting diode does not work yet, thereby has reached backing protection function.
Reverse connection protector provided by the present invention adopts electromagnetic release and automatically controlled mode to control to reset has the advantage such as rapid, easy to operate, rational in infrastructure of threading off, and the load that will connect by terminal screw by will be used for connecting the static contact of load and being used for guaranteeing the reversal connection line by the static contact insulation separating type that the load wiring screw is connected load by panel jack the time is not charged and not charged by the load while of panel jack connection yet.
What above institute provided and described only is the essential characteristic of reverse connection protector of the present invention, is equally applicable to that the technical staff does not break away from the design that design soul of the present invention is done in the same field.