CN1256783C - High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparing method - Google Patents
High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a membrane electrode for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel batteries and a preparing method of the membrane electrode. The membrane electrode is formed by the combination of a sub cell and a primary unit with a water retaining function, wherein the sub cell is a gas diffusion layer, and the primary unit is formed by the bonding of the gas diffusion layer, a catalyst layer and an inorganic nanometer particle and proton exchange layer. The present invention has the preparing method that the gas diffusion layer is coated with catalyst slurry to prepare the catalyst layer, solution of inorganic nanometer particles and proton exchange resin is poured to prepare the inorganic nanometer particle and proton exchange layer, and the catalyst slurry is coated again to prepare the catalyst layer. The primary unit and the sub cell are contacted at low temperature or pressed through hot pressing to obtain the membrane electrode of the present invention. The preparation of the membrane electrode has the characteristic of high grade integration and is suitable for continuous production. The thickness of the proton exchange layer can be controlled and is free from the limit of the sizes of commercial proton exchange membranes. The bond strength between the diffusion layer and the catalyst layer and between the catalyst layer and the proton exchange layer of the membrane electrode is high, and the contact resistance is low. The membrane electrode of the present invention has a high temperature water retaining property and can work at high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of membrane electrode of fuel batter with proton exchange film, particularly by the master unit of high-temp water-preserving function and the membrane electrode that combines by the sub-cell that gas diffusion layers is formed.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind of cleaning, efficient, the quiet electrochemical engine that moves.People generally believe that it will become a super big industry at mid-21st Century, and the revolution that will bring energy industry.And Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell PEMFC) has good application prospects in industries such as mobile communication equipment, portable electronics, national defence critical equipment, mechanical transports.
Current, high temperature (＞100 ℃) PEMFC has been subjected to people's common concern, because PEMFC can have the following advantages greater than 100 ℃ of following work: 1) improve the reactivity of catalyst such as platinum black; 2) CO that reduces catalyst poisons, and therefore can select the not really high H of purity
2And methyl alcohol acts as a fuel; 3) improve the electro-chemical activity of fuel such as methyl alcohol, reduce proton exchange membrane (Proton exchange membrane, fuel transmitance PEM); 4) proton conductivity of increase PEM; 5) reduce the requirement of fuel cell water heat management, be highly suitable for the work of high-power PEMFC.Therefore, under hot conditions, help improving the operating efficiency of fuel cell.But widely used a few days ago perfluorinated sulfonic acid type PEM only just has proton-conducting under the condition that water exists, when working temperature during greater than 100 ℃, film will dewater, this moment, the proton conductivity and the mechanical strength of film reduced, the transmitance of fuel increases, particularly for the ultrathin membrane of≤30 μ m, this phenomenon is particularly evident.Therefore, the working temperature of PEMFC generally is controlled at below 80 ℃.The main method that improves temperature of fuel cell at present is by perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane being carried out compound or modification, improving the water retention of perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane when high temperature, secondly is to develop not rely on water to carry out the PEM of proton conduction.Obviously, the former will realize easily than the latter under existing technical conditions.The former research mainly comprises heteropoly acid and perfluorinated sulfonic acid composite membrane, basic zirconium phosphate and perfluorinated sulfonic acid composite membrane, imidazoles drone salt (pyrazoles drone salt) and perfluorinated sulfonic acid composite membrane, and inorganic oxide is (as SiO
2, ZrO
2Deng) with inorganic-organic hybrid films such as perfluorinated sulfonic acid composite membrane.
In numerous inorganic oxides, SiO
2Deng inorganic nanometer oxide particle water conservation performance of keeping humidity is preferably arranged, therefore dopen Nano SiO in the Nafion film
2The composite membrane that makes Deng inorganic nanometer oxide particle has water retaining function preferably under 100-130 ℃ of high temperature.The SiO that (2001) such as Mauritzt (1995) and Miyake are synthetic with original position
2Particle is diffused in the Nafion of swelling film and has made composite membrane.This film moisture content in the time of 120 ℃ is higher, and proton conductivity approaches the level of Nafion film, and the methanol permeability of film reduces.But the shortcoming of this complex method is the SiO that mixes
2Content exists the phenomenon of successively decreasing to center membrane from the film surface, and most SiO
2Particle can only be deposited on the surface of film, causes SiO
2Particle inhomogeneous inside and outside film.In EP0926754, the nanometer SiO that Arico Antonino and Antonucci Vincenzo then will synthesize in advance
2Powder is doped to blend film forming in the proton exchange resins solution.The nanometer SiO of this film
2Decentralization increase, in the time of 145 ℃, can also keep higher conductivity, but nanometer SiO
2Powder is easy to reunite in phase transition behavior takes place, and its particle diameter is difficult to control, and the mechanical strength of film also waits to improve.People such as MasahiroWatanabe (J.Electrochem.Soc, 1996,143,3847-3852), made Nafion and TiO colloid that contains titanium oxide and Nafion resin solution double teeming film forming
2Composite membrane, but the same problem that has the particle diameter and the decentralization that are difficult to control titanium dioxide in the composite membrane of this method.
Current, membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly, MEA) framework mainly contains two kinds of traditional MEA and CCM (catalyst coated membrane), the former is coated in catalyst material on the gas diffusion layers (gas diffusion layers adopts the porous carbon paper usually), with PEM hot pressing, form the membrane-electrode three-in-one component then.In this structure, catalyst layer electrochemical reaction district and porous carbon paper fuel delivery area are overlapping, because the electrochemical reaction district is different to the character requirement of material with the fuel delivery area, the fuel delivery area requires hydrophobic as the requirement of electrochemical reaction district is hydrophilic, therefore cause taking place mutual interference, limited the performance of battery.Simultaneously greatly waste catalyst material, the potentiality that further reduce the Pt carrying capacity are limited.In addition, because the combination interface of catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane is to form by hot pressing, and catalyst is to be coated on the scraggly porous carbon paper and proton exchange membrane hot pressing again, so can not form the good interface combination, influence proton transport, limited battery performance.
Therefore, people have developed the fuel cell membrane electrode of CCM framework.It is different from traditional MEA, directly a kind of functional unit of realizing fuel cell electrochemistry overall process that catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane are composited.Adopt the advantage of CCM framework to be: requirement design catalyst layer that 1) can the fuel cell electrochemical reaction, and the interfacial structure between catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane; 2) catalyst layer can be done very thinly, improves reaction rate to greatest extent and reduces the Pt carrying capacity; 3) help realizing serialization production and the scale manufacturing of CCM, and reduce cost.But in the CCM fuel cell framework, Catalytic Layer is by coating or be transferred on the proton exchange membrane, so the interface of catalyst layer and film is non-excessive layer, has influenced proton transport; In addition, the gas diffusion layers of both sides and CCM generally adopt cold joint to touch, and the contact resistance between them is bigger usually.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method.
High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode of the present invention is combined by sub-cell and master unit, described membrane electrode sub-cell is a gas diffusion layers, described membrane electrode master unit is by gas diffusion layers, catalyst layer, contains the membrane-electrode unit that the proton exchange layer bonded together of inorganic nano-particle forms, its structure is followed successively by gas diffusion layers, catalyst layer, contains the proton exchange layer of inorganic nano-particle, catalyst layer, and described inorganic nano-particle is the inorganic nano-particle with water conservation performance of keeping humidity.
Described gas diffusion layers is porous carbon paper or the carbon cloth through hydrophobic treatment, and the porous carbon paper of hydrophobic treatment or carbon cloth one side can the compound more inferior hydrophobic layers of being made up of carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylgranule granule (sublayer).
The catalyst layer of described master unit mainly carries platinum or platinum alloy carbon-supported catalysts and proton exchange resins by platinum or platinum alloy or carbon to be formed, and the mass ratio of catalyst and proton exchange resins is 10: 2～5.
Described catalyst is meant Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os noble metal or its carbon loading Pt/C, Pd/C, Ru/C, Rh/C, Ir/C, Os/C, Pt and Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir, the bianry alloy PtPd of Os, PtRu, PtRh, PtIr, PtOs or its carbon loading PtPd/C, PtRu/C, PtRh/C, PtIr/C, PtOs/C, Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os noble metal and Fe, Cr, Ni, (N is Pt to the bianry alloy NM that Co forms, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir or Os, M is Fe, Cr, Co or Ni) or its carbon loading NM/C (N, the definition of M is with aforementioned), Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os noble metal and Fe, Cr, Ni, the ternary alloy three-partalloy NM that Co forms
1M
2(definition of N is with aforementioned, M
1, M
2Be the composition of any two kinds of metallic elements among Fe, Cr, Co and the Ni, as FeCo etc.) or its carbon loading NM
1M
2/ C (N, M
1, M
2Definition with aforementioned).Above-mentioned carrier carbon is generally conductive carbon black or carbon nano-tube, or carbon nano-fiber.
The proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle of described master unit is made up of inorganic nano-particle with water retaining function and the resin with proton exchange function, described proton exchange resins is meant the perfluorinated sulfonic resin with sulfonic acid group, as the Nafion of du Pont company production
Resin or Nafion
Solution, or sulfonation thermal stability polymer, Flemion proton conductor polymer, described inorganic nano-particle is meant nanometer SiO
2Or nano-TiO
2Or nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2Particle, inorganic nano-particle proportion are 0.1wt%～20wt%.
The preparation technology of high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode of the present invention is as follows:
1, catalyst, proton exchange resins are mixed by 10: 2～5: 100～1500 mass ratio is full and uniform with solvent, make catalyst slurry or prepared Chinese ink, described solvent is meant water or alcohol, ether, ester, ketone or nitrile, wherein alcohol is methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1-methoxyl group 2-propyl alcohol (MOP), ether is ether, benzinum, and ester and ketone are ethyl acetate and acetone;
2, the part catalyst slurry that step (1) is obtained is coated to a side of gas diffusion layers, and vacuumize forms catalyst layer;
3, will contain inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange resins solution-cast on catalyst layer, vacuumize forms the proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle, and wherein inorganic nano-particle is the nanometer SiO with water conservation performance of keeping humidity
2Or nano-TiO
2Or nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2Particle;
4, the remaining catalyst slurry that will obtain after completing steps 2 is coated on the proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle, and vacuumize makes the membrane electrode master unit;
5, the membrane electrode master unit of preparation is close to or hot pressing by contact with the sub-cell of being made up of gas diffusion layers, is made unit-combination type high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode.
Described coating and casting are meant force methods such as coating or silk screen printing.
Preparation to high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode of the present invention illustrates further below:
The preparation method of nano-particle solution is as follows:
Nanometer SiO
2The preparation of solution.Tetraethoxysilane and absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed, add the mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3M hydrochloric acid then, and continue down to stir 12-48h, make and contain nanometer SiO at 40～60 ℃
2The aqueous solution.The volume ratio of above-mentioned additive is: tetraethoxysilane: absolute ethyl alcohol: 0.3M hydrochloric acid=1: 2～30: 0.2～4, wherein 1/2 volume of ethanol is mixed with tetraethoxysilane, in addition 1/2 volume of ethanol and mixed in hydrochloric acid.With nanometer SiO
2The aqueous solution and isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion
Solution mixes, ultrasonic 0.5-2h.Isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion
The volume ratio of solution is 2: 1～2; If SiO
2And Nafion
The quality of resin is 100%, then SiO
2Proportion is 0.1wt%～20wt%.
Nano-TiO
2The preparation of solution.In butyl titanate, add glacial acetic acid, mix, under vigorous stirring, slowly pour in the distilled water, continue to stir 2-6h, treat hydrolysis fully after, add the nitric acid of 70wt%, continue to stir 1-5h after being heated to 60～90 ℃, make nano-TiO
2Colloidal solution.The volume ratio of above-mentioned additive is: butyl titanate: glacial acetic acid: distilled water: 70wt% nitric acid=1: 0.05～0.5: 1～12.Then with nano-TiO
2Colloidal solution mixes ultrasonic 0.5-2h with isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution.The volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution is 2: 1～2; If TiO
2The quality that reaches Nafion resin is 100%, then TiO
2Proportion is 0.1wt%～20wt%.
Nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2The preparation of solution.Get the basic zirconium chloride (ZrOCl of 1.5M
2) solution and absolute ethyl alcohol mix, and dropwise adds the mixed liquor of absolute ethyl alcohol and 1M phosphoric acid then, continues down to stir 12-24h at 60～90 ℃, obtains containing nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2The aqueous solution.The volume ratio of above-mentioned additive is: 1.5M basic zirconium chloride: absolute ethyl alcohol: 1M phosphoric acid=1: 3～60: 0.05～1.Wherein 1/2 volume ethanol is mixed with basic zirconium chloride, and 1/2 volume ethanol is mixed with phosphoric acid in addition.To contain nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2The aqueous solution mix ultrasonic 0.5-2h with isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution.The volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution is 2: 1～2; If Zr (HPO
4)
2The quality that reaches Nafion resin is 100%, then Zr (HPO
4)
2Proportion is 0.1wt%～20wt%.
Get the part catalyst slurry, be coated to a side of a gas diffusion layers, vacuumize by coating or method for printing screen.Gas diffusion layers of the present invention is generally porous carbon paper or the carbon cloth through hydrophobic treatment, can the optionally compound inferior hydrophobic layer of being made up of carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particle (sublayer) in the porous carbon paper or carbon cloth one side of hydrophobic treatment.
By coating or method for printing screen with inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange resins solution-cast to catalyst layer, vacuumize is to film forming, formation inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer.
Remaining catalyst slurry is coated to inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer soil by coating or method for printing screen,, makes membrane electrode master unit of the present invention through vacuumize.Catalyst layer is on average thick≤5 μ m, and inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange bed thickness≤200 μ m.
Described sub-cell is a gas diffusion layers.
The membrane electrode master unit and the sub-cell of preparation are close to or hot pressing by contact, are promptly obtained unit-combination type membrane electrode of the present invention.
It is one-sided that the present invention at first is coated in catalyst slurry a gas diffusion layers, catalyst surface casting one deck inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange resins solution in coating forms inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer then, at last again in inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer surface applied catalyst slurry, form catalyst layer, make the master unit of fuel cell membrane electrode, sub-cell only is a gas diffusion layers.With being close to or hot pressing of master unit and sub-cell contact, obtain unit-combination type high temperature membrane electrode of the present invention.Compare with background technology, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) abdomen electrode preparation height is integrated, is fit to serialization production;
2) inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer controllable thickness are not subjected to the size restrictions of commercially available proton exchange membrane;
3) diffusion layer and catalyst layer, the bond strength of catalyst layer and proton exchange interlayer obtains very high, and contact resistance decreases;
4) membrane electrode has high-temp water-preserving performance preferably, and the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of preparation can be 80-120 ℃ of work down.
Monocell assembling and test.Unit-combination type membrane electrode and graphite collector plate, copper facing stainless-steel sheet are assembled into monocell.Effective catalysis area of monocell is 5cm * 5cm, and operating condition is: back pressure P
Air=P
Hydrogen=0Mpa, battery temperature are room temperature-110 ℃, anode 0-100% humidification, and the humidification temperature is 70-100 ℃, Pt carrying capacity≤1mg/cm
2
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition diagram of membrane electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the preparation process figure of membrane electrode master unit.
Fig. 3 be embodiment 1,2,3 and comparative example 1 in the time of 110 ℃, have the monocell polarization curve of moistening function and no moistening function membrane electrode.
Fig. 4 is under constant current (600mA) condition, the time dependent curve of stability of voltage.
Number in the figure implication: first-master unit, second-sub-cell, the 1-gas diffusion layers, the 2-catalyst layer, 3-inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer, the 4-catalyst layer, the 5-gas diffusion layers, the a-substrate is a gas diffusion layers, b-coating catalyst slip in substrate prepares catalyst layer, c-applies inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange resins formulations prepared from solutions inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer on catalyst layer, d-coating catalyst slip on inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange layer prepares catalyst layer.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.
The preparation of membrane electrode master unit.At the hydrophobic layer of forming by conductive carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particle through the even compound one deck in the carbon paper surface of hydrophobic treatment (sublayer), and under 350 ℃, calcine 20min, make gas diffusion layers.According to carbon supported platinum catalyst: Nafion portions of resin isopropyl alcohol is that 3: 1: 300 mass ratio prepares catalyst slurry, get the part slip, be printed onto inferior hydrophobic layer (sublayer) side of gas diffusion layers with silk screen print method, vacuumize 1-10h makes catalyst layer be hardened in the gaseous diffusion laminar surface.The tetraethoxysilane of 33ml and the absolute ethyl alcohol of 300ml are mixed, be added dropwise to the absolute ethyl alcohol of 240ml and the mixed liquor of 0.3M hydrochloric acid 60ml then, under 50 ℃ temperature, continue to stir 12h, obtain containing nanometer SiO
2The aqueous solution.With nanometer SiO
2The aqueous solution mixes ultrasonic 30min with isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution (Nafion content is 5wt%).The volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution is 2: 1; If SiO
2The quality that reaches the Nafion resin is 100%, then SiO
2Proportion is 10wt%.SiO with preparation
2Be coated on the catalyst layer that has hardened with Nafion solution, vacuumize 1-10h forms nanometer SiO
2Particle and proton exchange layer.Again remaining catalyst slurry is printed onto the nanometer SiO of drying with silk screen print method
2On particle and the proton exchange layer, vacuumize 1-10h, the proton exchange laminar surface that catalyst layer is hardened in have the high-temp water-preserving function.The average thick 4 μ m of the cathode catalyst layer (being compounded with a side of hydrophobic layer) of preparation, the average thick 2 μ m of anode catalyst layer, nanometer SiO
2The about 50 μ m of particle and proton exchange bed thickness, the Pt carrying capacity is 0.6mg/cm
2
Getting a gas diffusion layers identical with master unit is sub-cell, and membrane electrode master unit and sub-cell cold joint are touched, and promptly gets the unit-combination type membrane electrode.The unit-combination type membrane electrode is assembled into monocell with assemblies such as Teflon seal washer, graphite collector plate, copper facing stainless-steel sheets.Effective catalysis area of monocell is 5cm * 5cm.Operating condition is: back pressure P
Air=P
Hydrogen=0Mpa, 110 ℃ of battery temperatures, anode 50% humidification, the humidification temperature is 70 ℃.The polarization curve of monocell is seen accompanying drawing 3, and the curve of stability of the voltage under the constant current (600mA) is seen accompanying drawing 4.
The preparation method of membrane electrode master unit and monocell assembling are identical with embodiment 1 with test condition, and different is that the water conservation layer is mainly by nano-TiO
2Form with the Nafion resin.Its preparation method is as follows: add the glacial acetic acid of 25ml in the butyl titanate of 100ml, and mix, slowly pour under vigorous stirring in the 600ml water, continue to stir 3h, after the hydrolysis fully, add the nitric acid of 10ml 70wt%, continue after being heated to 80 ℃ to stir 2h, make nano-TiO
2Colloidal solution.Then with nano-TiO
2The aqueous solution mixes with isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution, ultrasonic 30min.The volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution is 2: 1; If TiO
2The quality that reaches the Nafion resin is 100%, then TiO
2Proportion is 10wt%.The average thick 4 μ m of the cathode catalyst layer (being compounded with a side of hydrophobic layer) of preparation, the average thick 2 μ m of anode catalyst layer, nano-TiO
2The about 50 μ m of particle and proton exchange bed thickness, the Pt carrying capacity is 0.6mg/cm
2The polarization curve of monocell is seen accompanying drawing 3.
The preparation method of membrane electrode master unit and monocell assembling are identical with embodiment 1 with test condition, and different is that the water conservation layer is mainly by nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2Form with the Nafion resin.Its preparation method is as follows: the basic zirconium chloride (ZrOCl that gets 1.5M
2) solution 100ml evenly mixes with the absolute ethyl alcohol of 400ml, dropwise adds the absolute ethyl alcohol of 400ml and the mixed liquor of 20ml 1M phosphoric acid then, continues to stir 24h under 80 ℃ temperature, obtains containing nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2The aqueous solution.Then with Zr (HPO
4)
2The aqueous solution mixes with isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution, ultrasonic 10min.The volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol and 5wt%Nafion solution is 2: 1; If Zr (HPO
4)
2The quality that reaches the Nafion resin is 100%, then Zr (HPO
4)
2Proportion is 10wt%.The average thick 4 μ m of the cathode catalyst layer (being compounded with a side of hydrophobic layer) of preparation, the average thick 2 μ m of anode catalyst layer, nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2The about 50 μ m of particle/proton exchange bed thickness, the Pt carrying capacity is 0.6mg/cm
2The monocell polarization curve is seen accompanying drawing 3.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of membrane electrode master unit, sub-cell material and monocell assembling are identical with embodiment 1 with test condition, but the membrane electrode master unit does not contain the high-temp water-preserving layer.The polarization curve of monocell is seen accompanying drawing 3.
From accompanying drawing 3 as can be known, do not contain the membrane electrode of inorganic nano-particle, electrical property obviously descends under hot conditions, and under the same terms, the membrane electrode that contains inorganic nano-particle has shown electric preferably output performance.In addition, by accompanying drawing 4 as can be known, contain inorganic SiO
2The membrane electrode of nano particle has more stable electric output performance under hot conditions.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of membrane electrode of fuel batter with proton exchange film, it is characterized in that membrane electrode is combined by sub-cell and master unit, described membrane electrode sub-cell is a gas diffusion layers, described membrane electrode master unit is by gas diffusion layers, catalyst layer, contains the membrane-electrode unit that the proton exchange layer bonded together of inorganic nano-particle forms, its structure is followed successively by gas diffusion layers, catalyst layer, contains the proton exchange layer of inorganic nano-particle, catalyst layer, and described inorganic nano-particle is the inorganic nano-particle with water conservation performance of keeping humidity.
2, membrane electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that the gas diffusion layers of described sub-cell and master unit is porous carbon paper or carbon cloth through hydrophobic treatment.
3, membrane electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that the gas diffusion layers of described sub-cell and master unit is porous carbon paper or the compound more inferior hydrophobic layer of being made up of carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylgranule granule of carbon cloth one side through hydrophobic treatment.
4, membrane electrode according to claim 1, the catalyst layer that it is characterized in that described master unit mainly carries platinum or platinum alloy carbon-supported catalysts and proton exchange resins by platinum or platinum alloy or carbon to be formed, and the mass ratio of catalyst and proton exchange resins is 10: 2～5.
5, membrane electrode according to claim 1, the proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle that it is characterized in that described master unit, form by inorganic nano-particle with water conservation performance of keeping humidity and proton exchange resins with proton exchange function, described proton exchange resins is meant the perfluorinated sulfonic resin with sulfonic acid group, or sulfonation thermal stability polymer, Flemion proton conductor polymer, described inorganic nano-particle with water conservation performance of keeping humidity is meant nanometer SiO
2Or nano-TiO
2Or nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2Particle, inorganic nano-particle proportion are 0.1wt%～20wt%.
6, the described membrane electrode preparation method of claim 1, its preparation technology is as follows:
1) catalyst, proton exchange resins are mixed by 10: 2～5: 100～1500 mass ratio is full and uniform with solvent, make catalyst slurry, described solvent is meant water or alcohol, ether, ester, ketone or nitrile, wherein alcohol is methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 1-methoxyl group 2-propyl alcohol, ether is ether, benzinum, and ester and ketone are ethyl acetate and acetone;
2) the part catalyst slurry that step (1) is obtained is coated to a side of gas diffusion layers, and vacuumize forms catalyst layer;
3) will contain inorganic nano-particle and proton exchange resins solution-cast on catalyst layer, vacuumize forms the proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle, and wherein inorganic nano-particle is the nanometer SiO with water conservation performance of keeping humidity
2Or nano-TiO
2Or nanometer Zr (HPO
4)
2Particle;
4) will be at completing steps 2) after, the remaining catalyst slurry that obtains is coated on the proton exchange layer that contains inorganic nano-particle, and vacuumize makes the membrane electrode master unit;
5) the membrane electrode master unit of preparation is close to or hot pressing by contact with the sub-cell of being made up of gas diffusion layers, is made the unit-combination type membrane electrode of fuel batter with proton exchange film.
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| GB0510119D0 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2005-06-22 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Polymer dispersion and electrocatalyst ink |
| KR100766896B1 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-10-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Polymer electrolyte for fuel cell and fuel cell system comprising same |
| CN101615677A (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2009-12-30 | 华南理工大学 | Eelctro-catalyst that is used for fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method thereof reaches fuel cell membrane electrode |
| CN101887975B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-07-18 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Integrated preparation method for membrane-membrane electrode for fuel cell |
| CN110247062B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-07-27 | 深圳市通用氢能科技有限公司 | Preparation method of fuel cell membrane electrode |
| CN110277579A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-24 | 深圳市通用氢能科技有限公司 | A kind of membrane-membrane electrode for fuel cell structure, the preparation method of fuel cell membrane electrode and proton exchange film fuel battery system |
| CN112271301B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-11-23 | 山东汉德自动化控制设备有限公司 | Method for preparing fuel cell membrane electrode by inorganic in-situ adhesion |
| CN112599793B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | CCM coating process for realizing anti-swelling by using protective back membrane |
| CN114094121A (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of fuel cell self-humidifying membrane electrode with catalytic layer water management area and membrane electrode thereof |
| CN116207313B (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-07-11 | 苏州擎动动力科技有限公司 | Self-humidifying membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
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