Dried shape flyash high added value mineral separation and Extraction equipment
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of flyash separation and Extraction equipment, especially be applicable to the thermoelectricity, thermoelectricity, the large-scale boiler furnace enterprise that uses that produce electric energy with coal-fired form, can directly connect the electric fields at different levels that gather dust and use, also can be used for the dried shape flyash high added value mineral separation and Extraction equipment of flyash storehouse or peripheral processing base.
Background technology
Solid waste, especially flyash, the annual output amount of dumping of China surpasses hundred million tons, has become public hazards.Although in the cement manufacturing, build the road, build in dam, the materials for wall and can partly utilize, belong to the low value utilization.The present invention is intended to high added value thing phase---the separation and Extraction of microballon, magnetic bead and carbon residue in the flyash, makes it become the Multifucntional material that can be widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, oil, rubber, building materials, thermal technology, light industry, military affairs, navigation space flight, electronic communication, agricultural, environmental protection, field such as civilian.As former pearl can be used for that thermal technology's industry production sintering, non-sintering are fire-resistant, fire resistant heat preserving, Thermal insulation articles; Metallurgy industry replaces expensive metal preparation and is used to make steel that ironmaking processes grain refinement resistance oxygen covers and direct original production sial series alloy etc. also; Purify microballon at building material industry, be used to produce fire prevention, waterproof, stealth, sound insulation coating, wear-resisting and antifouling paint, heavy caliber fiberglass sandpipe, high-strength wearable concrete etc.; The activation microballon is wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, the high-strength inserts of vast scale of rubber, plastics, paper industry, is again good catalyst carrier of chemical industry and resin inserts and the slip casting of petroleum industry oil gas field, well cementing material; Strengthen the clear stain remover of palliative, offshore oil, desalinization absorbent filter medium, rocket launching base temperature-resistant material that microballon both can be used as aerospace craft protective layer material, submarine and bathyscaphe, plate armour " dual firmness steel plate " is high temperature resistant anti-ly penetrates thermal synthesis layer, can be used for sintered carbide tools, high-performance grinding materials and grinding tool and anti-fusion container against corrosion etc. again; After the rich iron microballon magnetization is good electromagnetic shielding material, can be used for military affairs, civilian radioresistance, anti-interference engineering, and it is good adsorption scavenging material and abrasive material that carbon residue is cellular.
Flyash is coal-fired thermoelectricity, thermoelectricity, the large-scale large solid waste with generation in the boiler furnace production of enterprise.Coal in combustion process, non-carbonizable substance [dewater about 550 ℃ as coal measures clay mineral (kaolinite, illite etc.), become amorphous phase mutually from monoclinic crystal, from 1000~1300 ℃ of fusion and decomposition gradually, produce chemical change, wherein kaolinite changes as follows:
Fusing back is shrunk to drop naturally under its surface tension effects, the pearl body that after swiftly flowing gas cooled, forms naturally, and the uncombusted coal becomes carbon granules, and complete fusion does not become unsetting things such as dust, and iron content is high becomes rich iron shot.Through flyash being carried out detailed chemistry, mineralogical composition analysis, finding wherein to contain a large amount of high added value mineral compositions; As floating pearl, microballon, poor iron microballon, rich iron microballon, carbon residue etc., its chemical analysis and mineral composition see Table 1, with its separation and Extraction, are a kind of good natural resources.
Table 1 flyash minerals commonly used in chemical industry composition
Chemical analysis % | SiO
2 | Al
2O
3 | Fe
2O
3 | Na
2O
| MgO | CaO | K
2O
| TiO
2 | SO
3 |
54-60 | 25-32 | 1.1-3.8 | 0-1.15 | 2-4 | 4-10 | 1.2-3.0 | 0.7-1.5 | 1.2-2.0 |
Mineral | Quartzy | Mo Laishi | Vitreum | Amorphous carbon | Other |
8-10 | 16-18 | 50-70 | 1-8 | 10-12 |
The pearl body burden | The sial vitreum | Float pearl | Rich iron shot | Unsetting thing |
30-85 | 0.5-1 | 1-2 | 10-12 |
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 86108607 provides the method for a kind of rapid table classify precipitate bead in flyash.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 87104411 provides a kind of wet selecting system for hollow glass microbead from powder coal ash.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 1310059 provides a kind of nanometer superfine powder and hollow bead separation and classifying device, be by blower fan, form by 10 grades of connections by filter screen purpose difference, obtain various ultra micro powder of 1~100 nanometer and 101~999 nanometers and cenosphere, daily output 500kg~10000kg.Belong to the ultra-fine separation classification of dry method, with the present invention roughly the same part is arranged, but must have screen pack could realize that different grains separate classification through the pearl body, and treating capacity is little, different with eddy airstream separation principle of the present invention, the treating capacity great disparity is big.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2356759 provides a kind of adjustable forced vortex separator, is used for separation thick, fine powdered coal.With the present invention roughly the same part is arranged, but the high added value mineral are extracted in non-separation.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2240399 provides a kind of air-flowing type powder granularity grader, is that the classification that is used for fineness of pulverized-coal ash is handled, and reaches commodity flyash standard.Different with terminal purpose of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 128965 provides a kind of quickly loaded separating system, respectively by conveying worm with gather dust the defeated respectively dress of flyash in the electric fields at different levels of electricity, different with the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 1104934 provides a kind of wet sorting method for coal fly ash hollow micro bead, for minute groove precipitation method are isolated high, normal, basic third gear cenosphere through eight grades.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 86202110 provides a kind of impeller type winnower with dedusting effect, belongs to total utilization of PCA, the equipment of industrial selection by winnowing fine granular materials such as comprehensive utilization, chemistry, refractory material, upright crouch all can main shaft on the selection by winnowing dish is arranged.With the principle of the invention similar part is arranged, but non-microballon, magnetic separation, ultra-fine multi-functional having concurrently.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2046407 provides a kind of recovery and grading plant of fly ash float.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2086171 provides a kind of self-excitation guide type high concentration fly ash float separator.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2291216 provides a kind of pearl refiner that floats.Different with dry method of the present invention.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 1116968 provides a kind of ultra micro powder and hollow bead separation device, with publication number 1310059 be the same people of same type principle of uniformity application, belong to the ultra-fine separation classification of dry method, outside having roughly the same with the present invention, but must there be screen pack could realize that the different-grain diameter microballon separates classification, and the amount of locating amount is little, and is different with eddy airstream separation principle of the present invention, and the treating capacity great disparity is big.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number 2272328 provides a kind of reinforcement fine grading hydrocyclone.Different with dry method of the present invention.
Publication number 4.112.256, what 1978.9.19 report United States Patent (USP) adopted is screen filtration method separation and Extraction microballon.15 tons of day outputs, different with eddy airstream separation principle of the present invention, remove of a great disparity in strength big.
Publication number 9-151386.1997.6.10 Japanese patent laid-open publication gazette a kind of flyash pulverize magnetic separation removal of impurities separation method, with the present invention roughly the same part is arranged in magnetic separation, but non-microballon, magnetic separation, ultra-fine multi-functional having concurrently.
Authorize the Chinese patent application case of publication number CN2281845Y to provide a kind of and select the decarburization machine, roughly the same part is arranged in magnetic separation with the present invention from flyash, but non-microballon, magnetic separation, ultra-fine multi-functional having concurrently.
The Chinese patent application case of publication number CN1248181A provides a kind of method and device that separates carbon from flyash, humidity flyash is within the specific limits sent in the electric separator of friction, the most charged carbon granule is separated from flyash, and is different with the present invention.
The Chinese disclosure of the Invention specification of application number 88104580.2 provides a kind of powder coal ash glass-microballons separating method, adopts hot-blast stove, and separation of glasses cenosphere under the electric field action is different with eddy airstream separation principle of the present invention, and the treating capacity great disparity is big.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dried shape flyash high added value mineral microballon, magnetic bead, carbon residue etc. and separate extraction equipment, the large solid waste coal ash that makes China's year amount of dumping reach more than one hundred million tons can be fully used, and realizes the reusable edible of resource.
Complete equipment of the present invention can directly connect thermoelectricity, thermoelectricity, large-scale with boiler furnace electricity dust suction electric fields uses at different levels, also can be used for flyash storehouse or peripheral processing base.The Stokes' law that under laminar condition, has different centrifugal accelerations, acceleration of gravity and balance end speed according to the particle eddy flow thing of different-grain diameter, difformity, different capabilities, after making dried shape flyash access arrangement, in frequency modulation, the multistage eddy airstream of high speed rotor, produce comprehensive function such as impact, collision, flutter, friction and spheric granules and the unsetting object that adheres to are separated from each other, obtain different-grain diameter microballon and superfined flyash between 0.1 μ m~380 μ m, belong to meticulous ultra-fine separation grading technology from technical standpoint.Various places flyash quality helps oxygen, ignition temperature, boiler working condition, stoker's operation etc. that inseparable getting in touch arranged with raw coal fineness of pulverized coal, combustion system, air distribution, the present invention can be in flyash the high attached value mineral 30%~70% of separation and Extraction, microballon rate 95%, microballon percentage of head rice 90%.
High added value mineral such as flyash separation and Extraction microballon, magnetic bead, carbon residue, it is wide that itself just has material source, cheap, and wide application, market potential are big, and it is many and can enjoy the preferential industrial policy of country to relate to industry.About 1334m is taken up an area of in the storage of per ten thousand tons of flyash
2The FZ4 flyash separation and Extraction microballon complete set of equipments of typing is per hour handled 4~10 tons in flyash, year handling flyash is about more than 3.5 ten thousand tons, the flyash of annual equipment processing and utilization can be saved and plough 7 mu, in 20,000 yuan of every mu of ground year values, carrying disposal such as processings of landfill flyash, environmental protection to take 25 yuan/ton comprehensively, can be the units up to a million that directly reduce cost of enterprise in 1 year.The Ash Utilization comprehensive utilization, high added value mineral separation and Extraction is put on market as new material, brings huge economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit will for relevant enterprise and country, can effectively promote the held development of China's economy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the high additional mineral separation and Extraction equipment of a kind of dried shape flyash comprises former grey storage tank, stage turbine seperator, multistage turbine seperator, the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation of boundling bag and ultra-fine grey feed bin; Be provided with feed(raw material)inlet and thin material outlet on the stage turbine seperator, be provided with feed(raw material)inlet and thin material outlet on the multistage turbine seperator, the discharge end of former grey storage tank is by coming the feed(raw material)inlet UNICOM of grey abrasion-proof pipe and stage turbine seperator; The thin material outlet of stage turbine seperator is by coming the feed(raw material)inlet UNICOM of grey abrasion-proof pipe and multistage turbine seperator, and the thin material outlet of multistage turbine seperator links by coming grey abrasion-proof pipe and the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation of boundling bag.
Have the insulation dehydrating unit the flyash warehouse in by metering solenoid valve by the hour treating capacity quantitatively feed the negative pressure ash pipe, enter 1,2,3 to n level multi-stage separation machines, under the multistage eddy airstream effect of wind and the generation of frequency modulation stage turbine, produce and impact, collision, flutter, comprehensive utilizations such as friction are separated from each other spheric granules and the unsetting object that adheres to, realize that under different airspeeds and frequency modulation secondary speed different spheric granules are in separation and Extraction at different levels, the separation and Extraction thing enters gradient magnetic separator through metering solenoid valve and realizes separating of rich iron microballon and carbon residue, and then be dispensed into multilayer Automatic sieve extension set by two-way feed auger, obtain the microballon in certain grating district by different purposes, rich iron microballon, product such as carbon residue and superfined flyash.The dried shape flyash of the present invention high added value mineral separation and Extraction equipment is steel construction, the inner liner abrasive resistant material, and every grade of seperator has adjustable air-valve, and all material and main auxiliary machine are homemade, and be totally-enclosed, pollution-free.
But the present invention's canbe used on line people control, program control, stored program controlled adopt programmable controller (PC) control mode to change software control into by hardware connection.IP1612A-220 type programmable controller, it has the input of four tunnel analog quantitys, the output of two-way model value, each AC/DC output switch all has the contactless solid-state key electrical equipment that bears the 8A load current, have the real-time communication function concurrently, on-line monitoring, inner parameter is revised and the real-time status monitoring Presentation Function.Be furnished with ladder diagram programming in logic simulation software, can directly utilize each class microcomputer to realize off-line programing, following dress, emulation does not need special-purpose programmable device.Comprise operating equipment (control switch, start, stop and SR) and automatic control equipment (electric current and granularity sensor), contactor, magnetic valve, indicator lamp and the frequency converter of output equipment major control motor, just can satisfy the requirement of production process, finish analog quantity controls such as temperature, flow, electric current, granularity, the complete machine function integration, full machine is realized intelligent.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention be at present domestic known to first cover handle high added value mineral (microballon, magnetic bead, carbon residue are waited until) the separation and Extraction equipment of flyash amount big (reaching ton surplus in the of 200 day).
2, the solid waste coal ash that all has in various places of raw material sources of the present invention, high added value mineral such as material is easy to get, cheapness, the microballon that extracts separation, magnetic bead, carbon residue are the multifunctional and multipurpose materials, its product can substitute non-renewable resources fully, and helps the sustainable development of China's economy.
3, application of the present invention, realized resource reutilization, can enjoy country's reduction or remission of taxes treatment, the product of being produced can be country and saves foreign exchange and the foreign exchange earning of buying this type of material, consequent direct and indirect society, economic benefit will be a googol.
4, the present invention collects multi-stage separation, classification, gradient magnetic separation, heating and dehumidification, the static explosion-protection equipment is in one, the negative pressure closed cycle, production overall process people control, machine control all can, treating capacity big (4~40t/h), can satisfy the separation and Extraction of high added value mineral such as the microballon of 0.1 μ m~380 μ m, rich iron microballon, sub-micron microballon, superfined flyash, carbon residue, the device layout compact and reasonable, little (the about 400m of floor space
2), and can pack automatically, it is in bulk to irritate car, and this is that the known roughly the same equipment of declaring national patent of retrieval at present is not available.
5, the present invention separates the grading extraction high added value mineral except that can be used for flyash, is applicable to that also various dried sprills and cenosphere separate classification and use.As mica powder, metal powder, kaolin powder, carborundum, corundum ball, pulverized limestone, silica flour, ground pumice, kyanite family powder, dolomite dust, zircon powder, magnesium oxychloride, fire clay, high-alumina clay, alumina, feldspar, wollastonite, nepheline, fluorite, alunite, borax, graphite, zeolite, calcite, garnet, bentonite, diatomite, illite, rectorite, red mud, food, medicine etc.
6, its performance of the present invention is of the same racely both at home and abroad to have that roughly the same part equipment is incomparable.As United States Patent (USP) 41125,1978.9.19 report, its dry method separation and Extraction microballon complete equipment, only 15 tons of day outputs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is dried shape flyash high added value mineral separation and Extraction device structure front view,
Fig. 2 is dried shape flyash high added value mineral separation and Extraction device structure vertical view,
Fig. 3 is the stage turbine separator structure figure of dried shape flyash high added value mineral separation and Extraction equipment,
Fig. 4 is top feed multistage turbine separator structure figure,
Fig. 5 is bottom feed multistage turbine separator structure figure.
The specific embodiment:
Among Fig. 1, Fig. 2: 1 is the former grey storage tank pocket type decompression mouth that gathers dust.; 2 is former grey storage tank; 3 for coming grey abrasion-proof pipe; 4 is the stage turbine seperator; 5 is metering solenoid valve; 6 is multilayer heated constant temperature dehydrating unit; 7 is the multistage turbine seperator; 8 is the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation of boundling bag; 9 is ultra-fine grey feed bin; 10 is negative-pressure air fan; 11 are the automatically flexible dispenser of bulk vehicle; 12 is the automatic gauge sack filling machine; 13,16 is gradient magnetic separation de-burring machine; 14 is two-way feed screw feeder; 15 is multilayer Automatic sieve extension set; 17 are the taper material bin; 18 is the automatic gauge magnetic valve; 19 is adjustable air-valve; 20 is former grey input pipe; 21 is the full steel structure platform; 22 is to press down the gas device automatically; 23 is the pressure-reducing chamber; 24 is blower motor; 25 is the thermometric galvanic couple; 26 are the electrostatic guide screen.
Structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: comprise former grey storage tank 2, stage turbine seperator 4, multistage turbine seperator 7, the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation 8 of boundling bag and ultra-fine grey feed bin 9; On stage turbine seperator 4, be provided with feed(raw material)inlet 4-5 and thin material outlet 4-7, be provided with feed(raw material)inlet 7-1 and thin material outlet 7-3 on multistage turbine seperator 7, the discharge end of former grey storage tank 2 is by coming the feed(raw material)inlet 4-5 UNICOM of grey abrasion-proof pipe 3 and stage turbine seperator 4; The thin material outlet 4-7 of stage turbine seperator 4 is by coming the feed(raw material)inlet 7-1 or the 7-6 UNICOM of grey abrasion-proof pipe 3 and multistage turbine seperator 7, and the thin material outlet 7-3 of multistage turbine seperator 7 links with the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation 8 of boundling bag by coming grey abrasion-proof pipe 3.Coming to be provided with multilayer heated constant temperature dehydrating unit 6 on the grey abrasion-proof pipe 3.On the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation 8 of boundling bag, be provided with electrostatic guide screen 26.Below stage turbine seperator 4, be provided with two-way feed screw feeder 14 and multilayer Automatic sieve extension set 15.
Stage turbine seperator 4 is as Fig. 3, comprise body 4-1 and its inner grading room 4-2, classification rotor 4-4 and classification wheel blade 4-3 are housed in grading room 4-2, classification wheel shaft 4-6 is housed on it, below the discharging opening of grading room 4-2 bottom, be provided with and transfer crack awl 4-11, be provided with feed(raw material)inlet 4-5 and thin material outlet 4-7 on the top of body 4-1, be provided with plural repeatedly wind inlet 4-8,4-9,4-10 in the side, be provided with thick material outlet 4-12 in the bottom; On the inwall of body 4-1, be covered with wearing layer 4-13.Multistage turbine seperator 7 comprises body 7-8 and its inner grading wheel 7-2 as Fig. 4, Fig. 5; Top or bottom at body 7-8 are provided with feed(raw material)inlet 7-1 or 7-6 and thin material outlet 7-3, are provided with plural repeatedly wind inlet 7-4 in the side, are provided with thick material outlet 7-5 in the bottom; On the inwall of body 7-8, be covered with wearing layer 7-7.Coming to be provided with multilayer heated constant temperature dehydrating unit 6 on the grey abrasion-proof pipe 3.On the ultra-fine grey dust arrester installation 8 of boundling bag, be provided with electrostatic guide screen 26.
The course of work of the present invention:
Dried shape flyash can be by electricity gather dust electric fields at different levels or the former grey storage tank 2 of flyash, by coming grey pipeline 3, calculating good air quantity, the ash amount, the top of centrifugal force that secondary speed is given and air-flow slave body 4-1 is provided with feed(raw material)inlet 4-5 and enters multistage turbine seperator 4, under the effect of classification rotor 4-4 in grading room 4-2 and classification wheel blade 4-3, make particle diameter>325 purpose mineral fall into body 4-1 bottom through transferring crack awl 4-11, separated from thick material outlet 4-12, enter gradient magnetic separation de-burring machine 13 and carry out gradient magnetic separation removal of impurities, realize rich iron microballon, after the separation of carbon residue, enter multilayer Automatic sieve extension set 15 and sieve out the microballon of different gradation by different purposes.Thin material enters the feed(raw material)inlet 7-1 or the 7-6 of multistage turbine seperator 7 from thin material outlet 4-7 under the effect of repeatedly wind inlet 4-8,4-9,4-10, thick material is discharged from thick material outlet 7-5, and thinner material enters the next stage seperator from thin material outlet 7-3 under wind repeatedly enters the mouth the effect of 7-4 separates; The flyash that enters the multistage turbine seperator for every grade time all obtains the one-level separating treatment, can obtain 325~500 orders respectively, 500~800 orders, 800~1200 orders, the mineral in different-grain diameter interval and unsetting thing superfined flyash.
Be to guarantee sub-micron, superfined flyash air drying in separating classification process, prevent the powder adsorption moisture and conglomeration takes place, on pipeline, be added with multilayer heated constant temperature dehydrating unit 6, for preventing the quick-fried electrostatic guide screen 26 that is equipped with of generation of static electricity dust.
But the present invention's canbe used on line people control, machine control.
Online automatic gauge pack 12 and the tank car in bulk 11 realized of the high additional mineral separation and Extraction of the dried shape flyash of the present invention.
The present invention is according to can increase or reduce the inferior practical purpose of separation classification level to the mineral demand.