CN1254096A - Boron fluoride gas ratio counter and neutron detector with said counter - Google Patents
Boron fluoride gas ratio counter and neutron detector with said counter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1254096A CN1254096A CN 99124329 CN99124329A CN1254096A CN 1254096 A CN1254096 A CN 1254096A CN 99124329 CN99124329 CN 99124329 CN 99124329 A CN99124329 A CN 99124329A CN 1254096 A CN1254096 A CN 1254096A
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- Prior art keywords
- boron fluoride
- fluoride gas
- proportional counter
- gas proportional
- counter unit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
- H01J47/12—Neutron detector tubes, e.g. BF3 tubes
- H01J47/1272—BF3 tubes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Gas pressure for enclosing boron trifluoride gas is reduced, and the boron trifluoride gas is enclosed in a boron trifluoride gas proportional counter element at the gas pressure of about 250 mmHg. In order to compensate a neutron detection sensitivity deteriorated by reduction of the gas pressure, the boron trifluoride gas proportional counter elements are connected in parallel, and the two boron trifluoride gas proportional counter elements are stored in an assembly case, to thereby compose a boron trifluoride gas proportional counter.
Description
The present invention relates to have the neutron detector that is used for boron fluoride gas proportional counter that the neutron number order is counted, this counter is installed in atomic pile or the similar device.
Be used for counting neutron number purpose neutron detector being installed in atomic energy power plant, source/intergrade detector (the energy level detector is another kind of form) comprises two kinds of different neutron detection devices: boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 (source class neutron detection device) and gamma-rays compensation ionization chamber 7 (intergrade neutron detection device).Boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 has different neutron detection sensitivity with gamma-rays compensation ionization chamber 7.Module case 5 as the container of storing boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 is made by Titanium, and boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit is installed in wherein.Boron fluoride gas proportional counter element count neutron number.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the disclosed boron fluoride gas proportional counter of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.3-133047 unit.In Fig. 7, reference number 1 expression boron fluoride gas proportional counter, 2 expression single-unit containers, 3 expression plate leads, 4 expression boron fluoride gases.Plate lead 3 is made by the tungsten of nickel plating, and boron fluoride gas 4 charges in the aluminum single-unit container 2, and air pressure wherein is between 480 to 500mmHg.
Below, the principle of work of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit is described with reference to figure 8.Be input in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 neutron be included in the boron fluoride gas that charges in the single-unit container 2
10Nuclear reaction takes place in B, produces α charged particle and lithium ion.The α charged particle and the lithium ion that produce will make the boron fluoride gas ionization, thereby degradedness produces secondary electrons simultaneously.
Simultaneously, by applying high pressure, form highfield to the plate lead 3 that extends at the middle part of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1.Secondary electrons produces gas under this effect of electric field amplifies, and the electric charge number is increased.These electronics are collected by plate lead 3, and ion is collected by the single-unit container 2 as negative electrode, and produces pulse signal on plate lead 3.The neutron number is measured by the number of counting pulse signal in boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1.
In the disclosed boron fluoride gas proportional counter of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.3-133047 unit, plate lead 3 is done by the tungsten wire of tungsten line, nickel wire or the chromium plating of nickel plating, to solve the etching problem of the fluorine gas antianode lead-in wire 3 that gas amplification produces.The diameter of plate lead 3 is electroplated through the tungsten line and is become big.Big and when applying voltage constant when the diameter of plate lead 3, increase around the electronics field intensity of plate lead 3, the gas magnification descends.For not changing acquisition gas magnification same as the prior art under the condition that applies voltage, the pressure of boron fluoride gas need be reduced to 480～500mmHg by 550mmHg.
React at high dose neutron or low dosage neutron that during atomic pile is ended, produces and the boron fluoride gas 4 that is full of in boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 that the atomic pile run duration gives off, produce fluorine gas.As everyone knows, fluorine gas has very high affinity to electronics, will be absorbed in neutron and be included in the boron fluoride gas
10The electronics that nuclear reaction produced that takes place between the B.As a result, the number of electrons that plate lead 3 absorbs will descend, and neutron counting sensitivity decline even neutron is input in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1, has reduced the number that voltage is higher than the signal of differentiating voltage thus.Therefore, the principal element of the mission life of decision boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 is the aging of the boron fluoride gas 4 that causes of fluorine gas.In order to prolong the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1, must reduce the number of filling the fluorine molecule that comprises in the boron fluoride gas 4.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of neutron detector that comprises the boron fluoride gas proportional counter to address the above problem, this detector can suppress to obtain predetermined neutron detection sensitivity when fluorine gas produces.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the boron fluoride gas proportional counter that provides comprises the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, it has the anode line that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number, also comprise the second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, it has the anode line that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, and on electric, be connected in parallel with the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number, also comprise module case, it deposits the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, and by the integration output valve directed outwards of cable with the pulse signal of the electric first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit generation that is connected in parallel.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the boron fluoride gas proportional counter that provides comprises fills the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit that are lower than 550mmHg and 100mmHg or higher boron fluoride gas with air pressure respectively.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, the boron fluoride gas proportional counter that provides comprises fills the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit that are approximately the boron fluoride gas of 250mmHg with air pressure.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, the neutron detector that provides comprises:
Boron fluoride gas proportional counter as the first neutron detection device, comprise the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, it has the anode line that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number, also comprise the second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, it has the anode line that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, and on electric, be connected in parallel with the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number, also comprise module case, it deposits the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, and by the integration output valve directed outwards of cable with the pulse signal of first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit generation.
The second neutron detection device is to be different from the sensitivity detected neutron of boron fluoride gas proportional counter; With
Container is deposited the boron fluoride gas proportional counter and the second neutron detection device.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will know above and other objects of the present invention, characteristics and advantage more by following description.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that comprises the neutron detector of boron fluoride gas proportional counter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the boron fluoride gas proportional counter according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit that is connected in parallel mutually according to the present invention and the line graph between the MI cable.
Fig. 4 is with the result of calculation figure of air pressure as working voltage, relative sensitivity and the term of life of parameter.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that comprises the neutron detector of prior art boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit.
Fig. 6 is the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit of prior art and the line graph between the MI cable.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit of prior art; With
Fig. 8 is the figure that explains the principle of work of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that comprises the neutron detector 8 of boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the figure of boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 4 that is connected in parallel mutually on electric and the line graph between the MI cable 11.Fig. 4 is with the result of calculation figure of air pressure as working voltage, relative sensitivity and the term of life of parameter.
In Fig. 1, neutron detector 8 comprises boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 (source class neutron detection device) and gamma-rays offset-type ionization chamber 7 (intergrade neutron detection device), and this ionization chamber has the neutron detection sensitivity that is different from boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6.Because the structure of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 is same as the prior art basically, so omit its detailed description.The boron fluoride gas proportional counter of embodiment 1 is with the neutron detection sensitivity detected neutron of 13 ± 3cps/nV.
As shown in Figure 5, the prior art neutron detector comprises boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6, and this counter has single filling with air pressure and is 550 to 480mmHg boron fluoride gas 4 and leaves boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 in the module case 5 in.In contrast, as shown in Figure 1, the boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 that comprises of the neutron detector 8 of embodiment 1 has two to fill with air pressure is the boron fluoride gas 4, together parallel with one another and leave boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 in the module case 5 in of 250mmHg.
As shown in Figure 2, filling with air pressure is that the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 of boron fluoride gas 4 of 250mmHg is in parallel with another boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1, and leaves in the module case 5.As shown in Figure 3, boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 parallel with one another is connected to MI cable 11.That is, the anode line 3 of two boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 is connected to MI cable 11 by power cable 10, is connected to MI cable 11 as the single-unit container 2 of negative electrode by ground wire 9.
It is 550 to 480mmHg boron fluoride gas 4 that the boron fluoride gas proportional counter of prior art is filled with air pressure, and it is the boron fluoride gas of 250mmHg that the boron fluoride gas proportional counter of embodiment 1 is then filled with air pressure.By reducing the air pressure of filling boron fluoride gas, the amount that fills into the boron fluoride gas in the single-unit container 2 will reduce, and reduce the fluorine molecule number that is included in the boron fluoride gas thus.Therefore, will reduce owing to being input to neutron in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 and the boron fluoride gas fluorine gas amount that produces that reacts, the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter 1 will obtain prolonging.
With reference to figure 4, the relation between air pressure and the mission life has been described.The condition of foundation is to be that the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 of boron fluoride gas of 550mmHg is set at " 1 " with filling with air pressure, when the pressure of boron fluoride gas 4 drops to 250mmHg by 550mmHg, the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 will extend to 3.8 significantly.When gaseous tension is 450mmHg, extend to 1.4, when gaseous tension was 350mmHg, mission life extended to 2.15.
That is, when the air pressure of boron fluoride gas 550 between 100mmHg the time, the generation of fluorine gas will be suppressed, and prolong the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 thus.In order to make mission life extend to the twice of prior art mission life, gaseous tension must be set at 350 to 250mmHg.In addition, by filling the boron fluoride gas that is approximately 250mmHg with air pressure, the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 can extend to four times of prior art mission life.
When filling boron fluoride gas 4 with the air pressure that lowers, the mission life that can prolong boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1.Yet, air pressure is reduced to be lower than 100mmHg be worthless.When air pressure is reduced to when being lower than 100mmHg, will be very thin as the boron fluoride gas 4 of neutron detection material, the influence that impurity produced that comprises in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 will increase, and the neutron counting device may lose efficacy.
For these reasons, it is the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 that 550 to 100mmHg boron fluoride gas 4 is filled with the neutron detection sensitivity detected neutron of 13 ± 3cps/nv that expectation utilizes gaseous tension, preferred gaseous tension be 250mmHg or a little higher than this pressure and 350mmHg or be lower than this pressure slightly, preferred pressure is about 250mmHg.Be in the boron fluoride gas of above-mentioned pressure by filling, the fluorine molecule number that is included in the boron fluoride gas 4 will reduce, and suppress the generation of fluorine gas, make the mission life that prolongs boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 become possibility thus.Yet, when gaseous tension descends, will produce the problem that neutron detection sensitivity descends.
With reference to figure 4, the relation between gaseous tension and the neutron detection sensitivity is described.The condition of foundation is to be that the neutron detection sensitivity of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 of boron fluoride gas of 550mmHg is set at " 1 " with filling with air pressure, when the pressure of boron fluoride gas 4 was reduced to 250mmHg by 550mmHg, the neutron detection sensitivity of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 was 0.46.When air pressure is 450mmHg, be 0.87, when air pressure is 350mmHg, be 0.64.When the neutron detection sensitivity reduces, just can not be with predetermined neutron detection sensitivity (13 ± 3 cps/nv) counting neutron number.In order to address this problem, must take measures to compensate because the reduction of the neutron detection sensitivity that air pressure decline causes.
In order to improve neutron detection sensitivity, the content that increases boron fluoride gas 4 is a kind of effective method.In order to improve the content of boron fluoride gas 4, can reduce air pressure, or increase the volume of single-unit container 2.Yet when the content of boron fluoride gas 4 increases, the fluorine gas amount that is produced by the nuclear reaction that takes place between neutron and the boron fluoride gas 4 will increase, and cause boron fluoride gas 4 to be degenerated thus, and the mission life of boron fluoride gas shortens.As a kind of method that improves neutron detection sensitivity, it also is effectively that raising applies voltage.Yet increase applies the load that voltage will increase neutron detector, cable and like, has shortened the mission life of device itself thus.
For addressing this problem, two are filled with the gaseous tension is that the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 of boron fluoride gas of 250mmHg is connected in parallel, and leaves in the module case 5, constitutes the boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 of embodiment 1.
With reference to figure 4, can learn, with two fill with air pressure that to be 350mmHg (neutron detection sensitivity is 0.64) to the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 of the boron fluoride gas of 250mmHg (neutron detection sensitivity is 0.46) be connected in parallel and can realize filling together with air pressure be that 1 of the prior art boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit of boron fluoride gas 4 of 550mmHg is that can realize, value is 1.0 neutron detection sensitivity.Therefore, with two boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit 1 parallel connections of filling with air pressure the boron fluoride gas that is 350mmHg to 250mmHg, can realize following two kinds of functions simultaneously: prolong the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit by preventing the boron fluoride gas degeneration; With predetermined neutron detection sensitivity detected neutron.
Therefore, be appreciated that and make it might be with predetermined neutron detection sensitivity counting neutron number and make air pressure range that the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit obtains prolonging between 350 to 250mmHg.
In boron fluoride gas proportional counter 6 of the present invention, according to required neutron detection sensitivity, can combination in any boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit and the pressure that is filled into the boron fluoride gas in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit parallel with one another.Therefore, it is evident that when the 6 required neutron detection sensitivity of boron fluoride gas proportional counter changed, the number of air pressure and boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit parallel with one another also will change.
By reducing the pressure of boron fluoride gas, and then reduce and be included in fluorine molecule number in the boron fluoride gas, thereby suppress the generation of fluorine gas, can prolong the mission life of boron fluoride gas proportional counter.The decline of the neutron detection sensitivity that causes for the complemental air drops, boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit is together parallel with one another.
That is, when required neutron detection sensitivity changes, need and be filled between the pressure of the boron fluoride gas in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit at the number of the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit of parallel connection and seek new equilibrium point.Yet, even when neutron detection sensitivity changes, also can compensate the decline that reduces the neutron detection sensitivity that causes by air pressure by boron fluoride gas proportional counter in parallel unit effectively by reducing the degeneration that the pressure of filling boron fluoride gas suppresses boron fluoride gas.
Drop to 250mmHg because be filled into the pressure of the boron fluoride gas in the boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit by 550mmHg to 480mmHg, the generation of fluorine gas is suppressed, therefore the mission life that might prolong boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit.By two boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit in parallel and export the integral result of the pulse signal that boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit produces, can compensate by the descend decline of the neutron detection sensitivity that causes of air pressure.Therefore, can provide a kind of with predetermined neutron detection sensitivity counting neutron number purpose boron fluoride gas proportional counter and the neutron detector that comprises this counter, counter wherein can satisfy the requirement of time delay long service live.
Claims (4)
1. boron fluoride gas proportional counter comprises: the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, and it has the plate lead that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number;
The second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, it has the plate lead that extends in the boron fluoride gas of filling with preset air pressure, and be connected in parallel on electric with the first boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, so that produce pulse signal according to the neutron number; With
Module case, it deposits the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit, and by the integration output valve directed outwards of cable with the pulse signal of first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit generation.
2. the boron fluoride gas proportional counter of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit boron fluoride gas of filling is lower than 550mmHg, is equal to or higher than 100mmHg.
3. the boron fluoride gas proportional counter of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the first and second boron fluoride gas proportional counter unit boron fluoride gas of filling is approximately 250mmHg.
4. the boron fluoride gas proportional counter of claim 1, the second neutron detection device to be being different from the sensitivity detected neutron of boron fluoride gas proportional counter, and comprise a container in order to deposit the boron fluoride gas proportional counter and the second neutron detection device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32163598A JP2000149864A (en) | 1998-11-12 | 1998-11-12 | Boron trifluoride gas proportional counter and neutron detector using it |
| JP321635/1998 | 1998-11-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1254096A true CN1254096A (en) | 2000-05-24 |
| CN1125351C CN1125351C (en) | 2003-10-22 |
Family
ID=18134714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99124329 Expired - Fee Related CN1125351C (en) | 1998-11-12 | 1999-11-12 | Boron fluoride gas ratio counter and neutron detector with said counter |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000149864A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1125351C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2786025B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012142859A1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Neutron detector coated with boron and method for manufacture thereof |
| CN101796430B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2013-01-30 | 富士电机株式会社 | Neutron dosimeter |
| CN103842851A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2014-06-04 | 科学技术设备委员会 | Method and apparatus for neutron detection |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7456411B2 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-11-25 | General Electric Company | He-3 neutron proportional counter with internal leakage detection and related method |
| FR2925701B1 (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2010-01-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR PROCESSING MEASURING SIGNALS OF FISSION CHAMBERS |
| FR2925700B1 (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2010-01-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | COUNTER RATE MEASURING DEVICE AND FITTING CHAMBER CALIBRATION DEVICE THEREFOR |
| CN103135126B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2015-01-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Modular neutron detection device with variable structure |
| JP6041484B2 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-12-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Neutron detector |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60172155A (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Bf3 proportional counter tube |
| JPH0434828A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-05 | Aloka Co Ltd | Gamma-ray compensated neutron detector |
-
1998
- 1998-11-12 JP JP32163598A patent/JP2000149864A/en active Pending
-
1999
- 1999-11-09 FR FR9914071A patent/FR2786025B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-12 CN CN 99124329 patent/CN1125351C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101796430B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2013-01-30 | 富士电机株式会社 | Neutron dosimeter |
| WO2012142859A1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Neutron detector coated with boron and method for manufacture thereof |
| US9470804B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2016-10-18 | Tsinghua University | Boron coated neutron detector and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN103842851A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2014-06-04 | 科学技术设备委员会 | Method and apparatus for neutron detection |
| CN103842851B (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2017-04-12 | 科学技术设备委员会 | Method and apparatus for neutron detection |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000149864A (en) | 2000-05-30 |
| CN1125351C (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| FR2786025A1 (en) | 2000-05-19 |
| FR2786025B1 (en) | 2004-03-19 |
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Granted publication date: 20031022 Termination date: 20111112 |