CN1250347A - Positive temperature coefficient heater and its producing method - Google Patents
Positive temperature coefficient heater and its producing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1250347A CN1250347A CN 99120578 CN99120578A CN1250347A CN 1250347 A CN1250347 A CN 1250347A CN 99120578 CN99120578 CN 99120578 CN 99120578 A CN99120578 A CN 99120578A CN 1250347 A CN1250347 A CN 1250347A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
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- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
A positive temperature coefficient heater produced by protecting the form of a definite pattern on an insulator having an aluminum thin film using an etching resist, after etching the portions unprotected with the above-described etching resist using an etching agent, removing the etching resist and the etching agent, and further printing a definite form using a carbon paste to connect electrode terminals to aluminum electrode layer in parallel. In the positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, as compared with using a conventional silver paste, there is almost no deviation of temperature, the production cost is greatly reduced, and further the production step is simplified, whereby when the positive temperature coefficient heater is attached to the inside of a side mirror of a motorcar, an excellent effect is shown in the removal of fogging, ice, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of positive temperature coefficient heater.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of self-rugulating heater, use positive temperature coefficient resistance material, the outside that especially is suitable for heating vehicle mirrors.Further specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of positive temperature coefficient heater, wherein, has the insulator protection specific pattern shape of aluminium film with resist, corrode the part of not protecting by above-mentioned resist with corrosive agent, remove resist and corrosive agent then, and print given shape, the insulator with aluminium film is connected as parallel pole with carbon paste; The invention still further relates to the manufacture method of this positive temperature coefficient heater.
So far for this reason, the positive temperature coefficient heater as using above-mentioned technology has United States Patent (USP) 3,887,788,3,790 usually, 748,3,781,526,3,757,087,5,446,576,4,410,790,4,942,286,5,015,824,4,017,715,4,304,987,4,330,703,2,559,077,2,978,665,3,243,753,3,351,882,3,412,358,4,034,207,4,777,351,4,761,541,4,857,711,4,628,187,5,440,425,5,155,334,3,900,654 and 3,848,144.
In addition, as similarly Japan Patent (examination) communique and utility model (examination) communique, have Japan Patent (examination) communique 2-162143,8-64352,6-176857,7-99083,3-261090,55-95203 number and utility model (examination) communique 61-84063,59-40417,3-67904 number etc.
Yet, in above-mentioned technology, be the technology that logical direct current produces heat with the technology that does not have PTC resistance, almost the patent right of these patents has all stopped, and because the resistance of this resistance is little, electric current is big, has the unmanageable shortcoming of temperature of heating elements.
In addition, direct galvanization and do not use the electrode of separation to have the uneven shortcoming of conductance in heater element.
In each heater element that constitutes with electrode and resistance, electrode nearly all is that the mixture by metal powders such as printed silver and resin forms, this resistance forms by the mixture of printing carbon and resin, and produces heat through galvanization in this electrode in resistance.
Such panel-type heating element can be classified into such two classes: the heater element of a class forms the pectination pattern with electrode, or resistance is formed strip, to obtain uniform heat transfer; Another kind of is sheet heating element, wherein, have the pattern in specific banded space in the dielectric base printing with silver paste, with printing equipment in its surface applied carbon paste, make the space segment when being left the printing silver paste and the top of this silver paste cover, conduct heat and the heat efficiency to improve by carbon paste.
Yet in foregoing invention etc., silver has the favorable conductive rate as conductor, but because use by mixing the cream that silver powder and resin form, so conductivity dies down, it is complicated that production stage becomes, and therefore needs big expense.Therefore, wish to develop the new positive temperature coefficient heater that is different from conventional art.
In view of the foregoing; the inventor finds; the problems referred to above can be solved by making a kind of like this positive temperature coefficient heater; this positive temperature coefficient heater is made like this; promptly; preferably on the PET sheet, steam aluminizing and the film that forms with resist at insulator with aluminium film; protection specific pattern shape; corrode the part of not protecting by above-mentioned resist with corrosive agent; remove resist and corrosive agent then, and with the part printing of carbon paste, so that the insulator with this aluminium film is as parallel pole in above-mentioned corrosion; make this carbon paste layer as resistance, thereby finish the present invention.
These and other feature of the present invention, situation and advantage can by with reference to following explanation, accompanying Claim book, and accompanying drawing be better understood.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B illustrate the plan view of positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, and wherein per 1 positive temperature coefficient heater forms at its surface printing given shape with carbon paste then by the insulator that corrosion has polyethylene layer jewelling film.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B illustrate the back side of Figure 1A and Figure 1B.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A illustrates electric current variation and transition and the surface temperature of test piece 1 under-30 ℃ in the test example 2.
Fig. 4 B illustrates electric current variation and transition and the surface temperature of test piece 1 under-40 ℃.
Fig. 4 C illustrates test piece 1 every mistake raising in 2 minutes surface temperature behind-30 ℃ of beginning galvanizations by photo and removes tabular state variation of freezing and transformation.
Fig. 5 A illustrates electric current variation and transition and the surface temperature of test piece 2 under-30 ℃ in the test example 2.
Fig. 5 B illustrates test piece 2 electric current variation and transition and surface temperature at room temperature.
Fig. 5 C illustrates test piece 2 every mistake raising in 2 minutes surface temperature behind-30 ℃ of beginning galvanizations by photo and removes tabular state variation of freezing and transformation.
Fig. 6 A illustrates electric current variation and transition and the surface temperature of test piece 3 under-30 ℃ in the test example 2.
Fig. 6 B illustrates test piece 3 electric current variation and transition and surface temperature at room temperature.
Fig. 6 C illustrates test piece 3 every mistake raising in 2 minutes surface temperature behind-30 ℃ of beginning galvanizations by photo and removes tabular state variation of freezing and transformation.
The below describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
Figure 1A or Figure 1B are the plane of positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention.
Shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, positive temperature coefficient heater 1 of the present invention is by adiabatic substrate 2, banded aluminium Thinfilm pattern 3 formed thereon, carbon paste 4, and current terminal 5,5 ' constitute.
Describe positive temperature coefficient heater 1 of the present invention and its production method below in detail.
At first, insulator has the aluminium film, and this aluminium film and PET form lamination, that is, insulator has the aluminium film, and this aluminium film forms by steaming aluminizing in the PET vacuum, and this insulator is cut into certain size, or cuts after producing.
Has the insulator printing specific pattern of aluminium film with resist, afterwards, by heating or this printed patterns of ultraviolet ray oven dry, this resist for example is hot resist or ultraviolet resist, for example X-77, the X-65 of the Daiyo Ink Co. of Korea S, AS-500 etc.
Therefore, when from nozzle when having the insulator spray hydrochloric acid of aluminium film, remove aluminium the part of protecting by resist and be corroded and remove.Water washes this insulator.Then, in order to remove resist, with alkali lye, for example 1-3% sodium hydrate aqueous solution this resist that neutralizes, after water flushing and drying, shown in Fig. 2 A or Fig. 2 B, only electrode (aluminium) pattern remains.
Then, in above-mentioned pattern printing PTC carbon paste and in addition dry, make positive temperature coefficient heater.The positive temperature coefficient heater of making like this has form shown in Fig. 3 A or Fig. 3 B and section shown in Figure 3.
Yet the pattern form of positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention can change for its production, is not limited to Fig. 1-pattern shown in Figure 3.
Top simple declaration carbon paste, but as long as this carbon have thermal conductivity, then the carbon that is used for carbon paste of the present invention is had no particular limits.That is to say, because the heat conductivility of amorphous carbon is poor, so preferably use the carbon that can on market, buy with good heat conductive performance.The thermal conductivity of these carbon is at least 37.7 * 10
-3Deg.cm.sec., the carbon for can on market, having bought.
These carbon have different heat conductivilitys respectively, in order to control thermal conductivity, can suitably determine its use amount, but this use amount are preferably the 10-50% of weight resin.
Have little thermal deformation as resin, can easily mix, have adhesive property with carbon, not soluble in water, then the resin that is used for carbon paste is had no particular limits.For example, polyester, polyacrylate, polyamide etc. are arranged, in these resins, preferably use mylar.
Positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention has aluminium membrane electrode, power supply terminal, reaches resistance.This aluminium membrane electrode forms like this, promptly the aluminium film at the insulating trip with aluminium film forms a pair of banded main electrode in opposite directions, protect so that embed ground forms parallel continuous pattern from these electrode protrusions electrode mutually with resist, corrode unprotected part with corrosive agent, remove resist and corrosive agent then; This power supply terminal is formed into end adjacent and above-mentioned electrode in opposite directions; This resistance forms by the electrode printing carbon paste at this aluminium film.
The structure of the positive temperature coefficient heater of making like this can as occasion use like that, but consider sale and user's use, also can stick separation paper 7 with known method on the top that binding agent is coated onto positive temperature coefficient heater with after forming adhesive layer 6.
In addition, can pass this insulating barrier at reverse side with terminal 5 and 5 ' the be installed to established part of aluminium electrode 3.In this occasion, shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, this part of aluminium electrode 3 is separated from each other by carbon paste 4, by with this current input terminal 5 and 5 ' be installed to separated aluminium electrode 3, electric current is communicated with parastate.
In addition, when positive temperature coefficient heater is big, can two pairs of current input terminal be respectively installed to electrode by ultimate range.
Below by a plurality of examples the present invention is described in more detail, these examples do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Steam aluminizing at commercially available PET film and form sheet material (aluminum layer thickness: 3.0nm, the thickness of this sheet material: 150 μ m), at resist printing as shown in Figure 2 the pattern that be called X-77 (trade name) of this sheet material with Korea S Daiyo Ink Co., then, be heated to 60 ℃ dry 20 minutes in addition.
Therefore, when spray 5% aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, except that the part by above-mentioned resist protection, all the other aluminium laminations are corroded and remove.Water cleans this sheet material and further cleans with 2% sodium hydrate aqueous solution.
By with 1.4: 1 ratio at acetate butyl cellosolve (butyl cellosolve acetate) dissolved polyester as solvent, with 6: 5 (weight ratio) itself and carbon are mixed and made into carbon paste, this cream is coated onto the aluminum sheet that is obtained by said method by the thickness that prints with 10nm.By printing as described above, form banded carbon paste layer 4 shown in Figure 1 and aluminium electrode 3.
In addition, after the above-mentioned carbon paste layer 4 of coating, form dual coating band or tack coat thereon.In this occasion, the viewpoint from industrial production and minimizing cost preferably applies heat molten type ethylene acetate (ethylene vinyl acetate).
Then, bonding is separated paper and is connected current terminal, they is linked to each other with the aluminium electrode position as shown in Figure 1, thereby make positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention.
Since can remove very effectively at short notice with the positive temperature coefficient heater made like this freeze, ice, mist etc., so this heater element is to the mirror in car's side mirrors and the bathroom etc. of great use.
Test example 1
Use the positive temperature coefficient heater of making among the embodiment 1 that following items is tested, and the result is shown.Electrical characteristics
(1) associated voltage: DC 13.5V
(2) working voltage: DC 10-15V
(3) maximum current: AT ,-40 ℃, DC 13.5V
Initial current:＜3.5AMP.
After 10 minutes:＜2.2AMP..
(4) insulation resistance:＞10M (500 V MEGA)
(5) ultra-voltage: even when applying DC 15V in 24 hours, neither breakage is not yet yet for this element
Burnt.The deicing characteristic of positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention
With ammoniacal liquor wiping mirror surfaces with after removing wet goods, further use distilled water wiping and in addition dry.This mirror was placed 2 hours at-18 ℃.Then, placed 1 hour,, be formed uniformly the ice of 0.5mm in the surface 25 ℃ atmospheric temperatures, 65 ± 10% times at-40 ℃, further in-40 ℃ place 4 hours after, each temperature was placed 30 minutes below respectively, applied DC13.5V then.Its result is as follows.
In the time of 3.5 minutes, 80% ice is got rid of at-5 ℃ of galvanizations.
In the time of 6 minutes, 80% ice is got rid of at-25 ℃ of galvanizations.
In the time of 10 minutes, 95% ice is got rid of at-25 ℃ of galvanizations.
In the time of 12 minutes, 80% ice is got rid of at-40 ℃ of galvanizations.Mirror temperature control test
When applying voltage DC13.5V for-30 ℃, after 10 minutes, mirror temperature is 10 ℃ or higher.
When applying voltage DC13.5V for 25 ℃, after 10 minutes, mirror temperature is 55 ℃ ± 10 ℃.
When applying voltage DC13.5V for 45 ℃, after 10 minutes, mirror temperature is 70 ℃ or lower.Carry out temperature exposure when test when the positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention that embodiment 1 is made is attached to glass, all do not have what problem at-30 ℃ to 20 ℃ and 115 ℃, even 1 hour glass of galvanization is also no problem.By with DC 15V energising outage then in 10 minutes, in atmosphere, above-mentioned same material is carried out the test of 200 circulations, for per 1 circulation, it was immersed in the 5%NaCl solution 5 minutes.And then use 5%NaCl
2Solution carries out identical test.As a result, positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention does not go wrong.Use positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, surface temperature rise, low-temperature operation electric current, and normal temperature operating current and showing the result in the table 1-table 3 (in this table have been tested, LH represents the side mirror in left side, RH represents the side mirror on right side, J-95 represents a compact car, it is the product of a company of selecting from Korea S three tame automakers, the H-car is represented an in-between car, it is the product of a company of selecting from Korea S three tame automakers, the G-car is represented an in-between car, it be from Korea S three tame automakers, select product.) table 1 surface temperature rise (at 26 ℃) (unit: C 12.8V)
Table 2 low-temperature operation electric current (30 ℃) (unit: A)
Table 3 normal-temperature operation electric current (26 ℃) (unit: A)
Test example 2
| Model | Part | Initially | 0 minute | 10 minutes | 15 minutes | 20 minutes | 25 minutes | 30 minutes | 35 minutes | 40 minutes | 45 minutes | 50 minutes | 55 minutes | 60 minutes |
| ??J-95 | ??LH | ??26.5 | ??53.3 | ??58.6 | ??60.5 | ??60.3 | ??60.4 | ??60.8 | ??61.0 | ??60.8 | ??60.6 | ??60.2 | ??60.1 | ??60.7 |
| ??RH | ??26.5 | ??52.7 | ??58.1 | ??59.9 | ??60.1 | ??60.3 | ??60.1 | ??59.9 | ??60.2 | ??60.3 | ??60.1 | ??59.9 | ??59.8 | |
| ??H-CAR | ??LH | ??26.5 | ??55.3 | ??61.6 | ??63.3 | ??64.0 | ??63.6 | ??63.2 | ??63.3 | ??63.7 | ??63.8 | ??63.4 | ??63.5 | ??63.5 |
| ??G-CAR | ??LH | ??26.5 | ??55.5 | ??60.6 | ??61.9 | ??62.7 | ??63.2 | ??63.2 | ??63.5 | ??63.3 | ??63.3 | ??63.7 | ??63.5 | ??63.1 |
| Model | Part | Initially | 2 minutes | 4 minutes | 6 minutes | 8 minutes | 10 minutes | 12 minutes | 14 minutes | 16 minutes |
| ??J-95 | ???LH | ??1.64 | ??1.53 | ??1.48 | ??1.47 | ??1.46 | ???1.46 | ??1.45 | ??1.45 | ??1.45 |
| ???RH | ??1.62 | ??1.52 | ??1.47 | ??1.48 | ??1.45 | ???1.44 | ??1.44 | ??1.43 | ??1.43 | |
| ??H-CAR | ???LH | ??2.03 | ??1.88 | ??1.81 | ??1.78 | ??1.76 | ???1.76 | ??1.75 | ??1.75 | ??1.75 |
| ??G-CAR | ???LH | ??2.10 | ??1.93 | ??1.85 | ??1.82 | ??1.80 | ???1.79 | ??1.79 | ??1.78 | ??1.78 |
| Model | Part | Initially | 2 minutes | 4 minutes | 6 minutes | 8 minutes | 10 minutes | 12 minutes | 14 minutes | 16 minutes |
| ???J-95 | ?LH | ??1.27 | ??0.93 | ??0.84 | ???0.80 | ???0.78 | ?0.77 | ?0.77 | ?0.76 | ?0.76 |
| ?RH | ??1.25 | ??0.91 | ??0.83 | ???0.79 | ???0.77 | ?0.77 | ?0.76 | ?0.76 | ?0.76 | |
| ???H-CAR | ?LH | ??1.51 | ??1.03 | ??0.91 | ???0.88 | ???0.83 | ?0.80 | ?0.79 | ?0.78 | ?0.78 |
| ???G-CAR | ?LH | ??1.56 | ??1.08 | ??0.97 | ???0.92 | ???0.90 | ?0.89 | ?0.88 | ?0.88 | ?0.88 |
Test is connected to large-scale positive temperature coefficient heater (not using the discrete resistor the heater element) (product of European N company of aluminium in batch under following condition, hereinafter referred to as test piece 1 '), according to United States Patent (USP) 4,857,711 via silver powder cream form electrode and with carbon dust cream form resistance and the positive temperature coefficient heater made (hereinafter referred to as test piece 2 '), reach positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as test piece 3 '), the results are shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 6.
At first ,-30 ℃ of cooling test pieces 1, lead to the electric current of 24V therein, every mistake was measured variation and the variation of temperature and the transition of initial current [A] in 2 minutes, the results are shown in Fig. 4 A.As shown in the figure, initial current [A] is 2.25A, but through 11 minutes the time, electric current becomes 1.94A, and through after 20 minutes, electric current is almost constant again.This shows that resistance does not change substantially, and, pass through because electric current is constant continuously, so the control of the temperature of positive temperature coefficient heater is very difficult.
In addition, when determining variations in temperature, as can be known,, ℃ rise to 12.9 ℃, and after through 20 minutes, temperature rises to 20 ℃ from initial temperature-28 through 11 minutes.This shows that the temperature control of this positive temperature coefficient heater can not meet the demands as described above.
In addition, test piece 1 was kept 30 minutes,, and measure initial current [A], the results are shown in Fig. 4 B in per two minutes variation and variation of temperature and transition at the voltage of the logical 24V of normal temperature at 40 ℃.Basic identical with Fig. 4 A, initial current [A] is 1.68A, but through 11 minutes the time, electric current becomes 1.60A, and through after 20 minutes, electric current is almost constant again.This shows that resistance does not change substantially, and, pass through because electric current is constant continuously, so the control of the temperature of positive temperature coefficient heater is very difficult.
Fig. 4 C illustrates the photo of state, wherein ,-30 ℃ to test piece 1 watering to form ice at minute surface, after keeping 30 minutes, begin galvanization with the voltage of 24V, and every mistake improved surface temperature in 2 minutes to remove plate ice.
At first ,-30 ℃ of cooling test pieces 2 and keeping 30 minutes, energising is therein pressed and be the electric current of 24V, and variation and the variation of temperature and the transition of every mistake measurement in 2 minutes initial current [A] the results are shown in Fig. 5 A.As shown in the figure, initial current [A] is 4.83A, but through 20 minutes the time, electric current becomes 2.87A.This shows that when comparing initial current and the electric current after 20 minutes, the value of the current ratio test piece 1 after 20 minutes is much lower, and resistance value increases, and electric current reduces, and temperature is easy to control.In addition, after 20 minutes, rise to 31.9 ℃ of this point according to temperature and can find out that effect is fine from-27 ℃.
Fig. 5 B illustrates test piece 2 test result at normal temperatures.In this occasion, initial current is 3.2A, and after 20 minutes, electric current is reduced to 1.70A at galvanization, and resistance value increases.Therefore, when temperature raise, the variation of resistance value increased, and electric current diminishes, and this will stop the temperature fast rise.
Fig. 5 C illustrates the photo of state, wherein ,-30 ℃ to test piece 2 watering to form ice at minute surface, after keeping 30 minutes, begin galvanization with the voltage of 24V, and every mistake improved surface temperature in 2 minutes to remove plate ice.This photo shows that its result compares far better with Fig. 4 C.
At first ,-30 ℃ of cooling test pieces 3 and keeping 30 minutes, the electric current of logical 24V therein, every mistake was measured variation and the variation of temperature and the transition of initial current [A] in 2 minutes, the results are shown in Fig. 6 A.As shown in the figure, initial current [A] is 5.45A, but through 20 minutes the time, electric current becomes 2.76A.Compare with test piece 2 with test piece 1, when comparing initial current and the electric current after 20 minutes, temperature raises after 20 minutes, and this moment, the variation of resistance value became big, and electric current reduces, and this will stop the temperature fast rise, make temperature be easy to control.In addition, after 20 minutes, rise to 34.8 ℃ of this point according to temperature and can find out that effect is fine from-27 ℃.
Fig. 6 B illustrates test piece 3 test result at normal temperatures.In this occasion, initial current is 3.30A, is beginning to switch on back 20 minutes, and electric current is reduced to 1.59A, and resistance value increases.Therefore, in positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, when temperature raise, it is very big that resistance value becomes, and by reducing electric current, can make test piece 1 of temperature control ratio and test piece 2 be easier to carry out, and test piece 1 and test piece 2 are for adopting the heating element of conventional art.
Fig. 6 C illustrates the photo of state, wherein ,-30 ℃ to test piece 3 watering to form ice at minute surface, after keeping 30 minutes, begin galvanization with the voltage of 24V, and every mistake improved surface temperature in 2 minutes to remove plate ice.This photo shows that its result compares far better with Fig. 4 C with Fig. 5 C.
Shown in above-mentioned embodiment and test example, in positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, to compare with the positive temperature coefficient heater of conventional art, thermal conductivity is even and heating effect is fine, and positive temperature coefficient heater can low cost easily be made.
In positive temperature coefficient heater of the present invention, compare with the occasion of use silver powder in the conventional art, almost there is not temperature deviation, production cost reduces significantly, production stage is simplified, therefore, by this positive temperature coefficient heater being attached to the inboard of car's side mirrors, can obtain to remove freeze, the good result of mist, ice etc.
Claims (3)
1. a positive temperature coefficient heater has aluminium membrane electrode, power supply terminal, reaches resistance; This aluminium membrane electrode forms like this, promptly the aluminium film at the insulating trip with aluminium film forms a pair of banded main electrode in opposite directions, protect so that embed ground forms parallel continuous pattern from these electrode protrusions electrode mutually with resist, corrode unprotected part with corrosive agent, remove resist and corrosive agent then; This power supply terminal forms opposite to each other in connection with the end of above-mentioned electrode; This resistance forms by the electrode printing carbon paste at this aluminium film.
2. positive temperature coefficient heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: under the electrode layer of insulator and carbon paste layer, form adhesive layer and separate ply of paper with aluminium film.
3. the manufacture method of a positive temperature coefficient heater; comprise such step: have the specific pattern form of insulator surface protection of aluminium film with resist; corrode the part of not protecting by resist with corrosive agent; remove resist and corrosive agent then, abreast electrode terminal is connected to this aluminium electrode layer by printing with given shape with carbon paste.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR19980041477 | 1998-10-01 | ||
| KR41477/1998 | 1998-10-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1250347A true CN1250347A (en) | 2000-04-12 |
Family
ID=36201261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120578 Pending CN1250347A (en) | 1998-10-01 | 1999-09-29 | Positive temperature coefficient heater and its producing method |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0991300B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000164328A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1250347A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69927455T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2251156T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1802876B (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2010-05-26 | 法雷奥热力***公司 | Heating device and its mounting method, automobile heating or air conditioner device comprising the heating device |
| CN103298169A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-09-11 | 韩柄玩 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing surface heating element using a metal thin film etching electrode |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK1846293T3 (en) | 2005-02-09 | 2009-08-10 | Qinetiq Ltd | Electrothermal heater for ice protection of aerodynamic surfaces and method of producing it |
| KR100672810B1 (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-22 | 썬텍 주식회사 | Planar resistance heating element and manufacturing method thereof |
| DE102010019777B4 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2019-08-22 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Aircraft with a fluid line system |
| ES2537400B1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2016-01-22 | Seat, S.A. | Procedure for obtaining a heater in a car |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1136456A (en) * | 1966-05-17 | 1968-12-11 | English Electric Co Ltd | A process for etching aluminium film on a substrate |
| US4931627A (en) * | 1988-08-16 | 1990-06-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Positive temperature coefficient heater with distributed heating capability |
| EP0716559B1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 2004-03-03 | Tokyo Cosmos Electric Co., Ltd. | Planar heating device for use with mirrors |
| DE19702448A1 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-30 | Deutsche Spezialglas Ag | Heated front mirror especially vehicle exterior mirror |
-
1999
- 1999-04-23 JP JP11732499A patent/JP2000164328A/en active Pending
- 1999-07-07 ES ES99305382T patent/ES2251156T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-07 DE DE1999627455 patent/DE69927455T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-07 EP EP19990305382 patent/EP0991300B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-29 CN CN 99120578 patent/CN1250347A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1802876B (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2010-05-26 | 法雷奥热力***公司 | Heating device and its mounting method, automobile heating or air conditioner device comprising the heating device |
| CN103298169A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-09-11 | 韩柄玩 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing surface heating element using a metal thin film etching electrode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0991300A2 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| DE69927455T2 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| JP2000164328A (en) | 2000-06-16 |
| ES2251156T3 (en) | 2006-04-16 |
| EP0991300B1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
| DE69927455D1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| EP0991300A3 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
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