CN1240814C - Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240814C CN1240814C CN 200410073071 CN200410073071A CN1240814C CN 1240814 C CN1240814 C CN 1240814C CN 200410073071 CN200410073071 CN 200410073071 CN 200410073071 A CN200410073071 A CN 200410073071A CN 1240814 C CN1240814 C CN 1240814C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a composite lubricating nano-coating for foil air bearings to bear high temperature and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises the following ingredients by weight ratio: 47 to 49% of Ni, 11 to 13% of Cr, 18 to 22% of Cr2O3, 5 to 7% of BaF2, 2 to 4% of CaF2 and Ag as the rest. A high-energy ball mill is adopted to mill 100 to 200 um of the ingredients in power, composite nano-powders whose granularity is smaller than 100 nm are obtained, and uniformly distributed composite lubricating nano-coatings in which the particles of the Cr2O3, the BaF2 and the CaF2 are smaller than 200 nm are obtained after plasma spraying with a low energetic spraying parameter is carried out. When used for friction wear tests as compared with the existing PS304 coatings, the coating of the present invention can lower the abrasion loss for 30% at a room temperature of minus 350 DEG C and for 20% at a temperature of 350 to 650 DEG C, prolong the service life of foil bearings and reduce the maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high temperature resistant frictional wear material field, be specifically related to PS300 series and technology of preparing, particularly Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the paillon foil air hydrodynamic bearing has obtained successful application in the high temperature and high speed rotating machinery, for example on cold airmachine, auxiliary energy unit and all kinds of micro-turbine compressor and the aviation machine, comprise that Boeing-747,757,767, DC-10, F-15, F-16 and phantom 2000 etc. have all adopted the paillon foil air hydrodynamic bearing.One of gordian technique of technical progress of paillon foil air hydrodynamic bearing and development is that high temperature plays the lubricated of stopping time.Therefore in normally running up, bearing is supported on the air film that is produced by himself, can not produce wearing and tearing, but in the startup of axle and when stopping, paillon foil can rub with axle journal, produces inevitably and weares and teares.And when paillon foil wearing and tearing surpass its thickness 25% the time, and when the wearing and tearing of axostylus axostyle during above 0.025mm, this foil air bearing promptly lost efficacy.Because traditional graphite, tetrafluoroethylene, MoS
2When being higher than 300 ℃, temperature lost lubrication Deng solid self-lubricant material, therefore the PS304 coating (United States Patent (USP): US 5866518) of high temperature resistant (room temperature～650 ℃) foil air bearing was succeeded in developing in U.S. NASA Green research centre on the basis at PS300 in 1995～1997 years, this coating is NiCr (80wt%Ni-20wt%Cr) alloy substrate, comprise 3 kinds of lubricants, Cr
2O
3, Ag and BaF
2/ CaF
2Eutectic (62wt%BaF
2-38wt%CaF
2).Wherein, the NiCr alloy (accounts for gross weight: 60wt%) provide good high temperature oxidation resisting, high-temperature corrosion resistance performance and basic physical strength; Cr
2O
3(account for gross weight: but the 20wt%) intensity of strengthened coat not only, and effective high temperature lubricating performance (temperature＞500 ℃) can be provided; When temperature was lower than 450 ℃, Ag (accounted for gross weight: 10wt%) can provide good lubricating property; When temperature during greater than 450 ℃, BaF
2/ CaF
2(account for gross weight: 10wt%) can provide good lubricating property.
The course of processing of PS304 be earlier with the NiCr powder (44～74um), Cr
2O
3Powder (30～44um), Ag powder (45～100um) and eutectic BaF
2/ CaF
2Be coated onto on the axle journal with plasma spray after (about 50um) powder mixes, its course of processing as shown in Figure 1 again.Fig. 2 is the PS304 coating profile stereoscan photograph of Green research centre development, shows organizing thick, inhomogeneous and more hole being arranged of coating among the figure.Fig. 3 is the PS304 coating at the stereoscan photograph of 540 ℃ of annealing after 150 hours, shows Cr among the figure
2O
3, Ag, BaF
2/ CaF
2Particle all is in the micron number magnitude, and skewness.
From the angle analysis of material subject, organizing of above-mentioned PS304 coating is unsatisfactory.Be about the coating of 100～200um for used thickness, out-of-shape and length are much larger than Ag, the Cr of 10um
2O
3, BaF
2/ CaF
2Cause the seriously inhomogeneous of coating structure.This uneven coating easily causes uneven lubrication, micron-sized Cr
2O
3, Ag, BaF
2/ CaF
2Particle easily is stripped from prematurely and is come off and lose lubrication, and uneven Cr
2O
3Cause the inhomogeneous of the intensity of NiCr matrix and hardness, produce bigger unrelieved stress, easily cause the local or whole destruction of coating.Yet when self-lubricating phase size in the coating reaches nano level and is evenly distributed, rub resistance polishing machine, thermal property and the mechanical property of nano-structured coating can obtain raising in various degree.Therefore, if refinement self-lubricating particulate size and make it to be evenly distributed significantly can make the performance of PS304 coating be significantly improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation method thereof, the self-lubricating particle in this method refinement coating significantly makes Cr
2O
3, Ag, BaF
2/ CaF
2Particle is refined to nanometer scale by the micron number magnitude, to improve the lubricity and the intensity of coating.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is, a kind of Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating is characterized in that, the weight ratio composition that this coating comprised is: Ni:47%～49%, Cr:11%～13%, Cr
2O
3: 18%～22%, BaF
2: 5%～7%, CaF
2: 2%～4%, surplus is Ag.
Realize the preparation method of above-mentioned Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating, it is characterized in that its preparation method may further comprise the steps:
1) the weight ratio prescription of coating:
Ni:47%～49%, Cr:11%～13%, Cr
2O
3: BaF 18%～22%,
2: CaF 5%～7%,
2: 2%～4%, surplus is Ag;
2) adopt high energy ball mill to the purity in the above-mentioned prescription greater than 99.9%, granularity is Ni, Cr, the Cr of 100um～200um
2O
3, BaF
2, CaF
2, the Ag powder carried out ball milling 5 hours～8 hours, made above-mentioned powder be uniformly mixed into the composite nanometre powder of granularity less than 100nm;
3) adopt plasma spraying method on the axle journal of foil air bearing, to spray the composite nanometre powder that obtains, obtain Cr
2O
3And BaF
2/ CaF
2Particle is less than 200nm and the nano combined slip coating that is evenly distributed;
4) at last nano combined slip coating is incubated 15～20 hours under 500 ℃～600 ℃ atmospheric environments.
It is raw material that the present invention adopts the powder of 100～200um, has the low advantage of cost, and powder size is less than 100um behind the high-energy ball milling, and powder flowbility is good during plasma spraying, can not block pipeline and nozzle.And existing P S304 spraying technology adopts the powder less than 100um, the cost height, and block pipeline and nozzle easily.
Because of the fusing point of nano-powder has bigger reduction than the fusing point of micro-powder, so required voltage, electric current is also less during plasma spraying; And when spraying with nano-powder, the deposition of powder has 20% raising, so spray and further to reduce cost with nano-powder.
Behind plasma spraying, nano level self-lubricating phase Cr in the coating of the present invention
2O
3, BaF
2And CaF
2Particle is less than 200nm, and is evenly distributed in the NiCr matrix, and the self-lubricating of existing P S304 coating to be micron order mutually distribute, and skewness.
The performance of nano combined high-temperaure coating obviously is better than existing P S304 coating.Use Al
2O
3, AlCu4, Ni base cemented carbide and coating of the present invention carry out the friction-wear test data and show, coating of the present invention is during in room temperature～350 ℃, abrasion loss reduces by 30% than existing P S304 coating, and in the time of 350～650 ℃, abrasion loss reduces by 20%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a United States Patent (USP): the PS304 coating course of processing picture of US 5866518, and wherein (a) is undercutting, (b) for sandblasting, is surface treatment for spraying (d) (c);
Fig. 2 is a PS304 coating longitudinal section picture;
Fig. 3 is the PS304 coating at 450 ℃ of operations stereoscan photograph after 150 hours;
Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the composite powder of the present invention's preparation;
Fig. 5 is the BaF of prior art for preparing
2/ CaF
2The powder photo;
Fig. 6 is the more tiny coatingsurface pattern picture of the coating particles behind the high-energy ball milling spraying of powdery row material;
The coating of Fig. 7 after for the spraying of simple mixed powder is coarse and the coatingsurface pattern picture of dell arranged;
Fig. 8 is simple mixed powder spraying back Ag big area fusing, causes the coating pattern picture of the macrosegregation of composition.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that the contriver provides.
Embodiment: according to technique scheme, the weight ratio composition that Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating comprised of present embodiment is: Ni is 48%, and Cr is 12%, Cr
2O
3Be 20%, BaF
2Be 6%, CaF
2Be 4%, surplus is Ag
Its preparation method is:
1. with above-mentioned purity all greater than 99.9%, granularity is Ni powder, Cr powder, the Cr of 100～200um
2O
3Powder, BaF
2Powder, CaF
2Powder, Ag powder ball milling 5 hours～8 hours in high energy ball mill makes above-mentioned powder be uniformly mixed into the composite powder (be each particle in all contain mentioned component) of granularity less than 100nm.Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the composite powder of the present invention's preparation, and as seen from the figure, the granularity of composite powder is less than 100nm.And existing technology is above-mentioned powder simply to be mixed (the granularity front of used powder is stated), and only controls BaF
2/ CaF
2The shape of powder and size require to use spherical powder.Fig. 5 is the BaF of prior art for preparing
2/ CaF
2The powder photo, wherein the preparation cost of spherical powder is high.This is that the present invention is different from one of crucial inventive point that has the PS304 powder-making technique now.
2. the composite powder with high-energy ball milling is coated onto on the axle journal with plasma spray, and spray parameters is as shown in table 1 below.Because the fusing point of nano-powder is lower than the fusing point of micro-powder, so spray voltage and electric current all are lower than existing P S304 spray voltage and electric current.The course of processing of axle journal is identical with Fig. 1.
Table one: spray parameters
| The prior art spray parameters | Spray parameters of the present invention | |
| Electric current | 600A | 550A |
| Voltage | 30V～32V | 28V～30V |
| Spray distance | 8cm～10cm | 8cm～10cm |
| The argon arc gas velocity | 35sl/min | 35sl/min |
| The powder flow velocity | 1kg/hr | 1kg/hr |
| The powder gas velocity | 0.4m 3/hr | 0.4m 3/hr |
The composite powder that obtains through high-energy ball milling of present embodiment, the coating porosity after the spraying is lower, particle and the particle bonded area increases, the drop of surperficial splash is also less, as shown in Figure 6.And spray with existing P S304 technology, coating porosity is big, bigger dell is arranged, as shown in Figure 7; And the big area melt layer that Ag is arranged as shown in Figure 8, causes the ununiformity of composition profiles.
Therefore, adopt nanometer powder of the present invention to carry out plasma spraying, spraying institute energy requirement has 10% reduction; And spray deposited rate has 20% raising, therefore adopts nanometer powder of the present invention can obviously reduce the spraying cost.
3. coating is incubated 15～20 hours under 500 ℃～600 ℃ atmospheric environments, can eliminate residual stresses in coatings, strengthen between particle and the particle and the bonding strength between coating and the substrate, and the Cr that is fused to admittedly among the Ni is separated out from the Ni matrix with the granularity less than 100nm, thereby play the effect of precipitation strength.And existing heat treatment technics is to eliminate in the coating unrelieved stress in 50 hours and separate out micron number magnitude Cr particle 650 ℃ of annealing.
Through above-mentioned processing, obtain self-lubricating phase (Cr
2O
3, BaF
2/ CaF
2) and wild phase (Cr) be evenly distributed on nano combined tissue in the NiCr matrix with the size of nanometer scale, and the processing technology of coatings such as existing PS304 series is to obtain micron mixed structure's (as preceding shown in Figure 3).This is another crucial inventive point (the PS304 patent is supercoat group embodiment not) that the present invention is different from existing PS304 series tissue.
Adopt nano-powder of the present invention to carry out plasma spraying, owing to obtain Cr
2O
3, BaF
2And CaF
2Particle shows according to test that less than 200nm and the nano combined slip coating that is evenly distributed the Ni that Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating comprised is 47%～49%, and Cr is 11%～13%, Cr
2O
3Be 18%～22%, BaF
2Be 5%～7%, CaF
2Be 2%～4%, surplus is that Ag is suitable, and the slip coating that obtains in above-mentioned formula range is better than existing P S304 coating; The Al that the applicant uses existing foil air bearing to adopt
2O
3, AlCu4, Ni based hard alloy material and coating of the present invention carry out friction-wear test, when testing data shows room temperature～350 ℃, abrasion loss reduces by 30% than existing P S304 coating, and in the time of 350～650 ℃, abrasion loss reduces by 20%, and this is significant for the work-ing life that prolongs foil bearing, reduction maintenance cost.
Claims (2)
1. a Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating is characterized in that, the weight ratio composition that this coating comprised is: Ni:47%～49%, Cr:11%～13%, Cr
2O
3: 18%～22%, BaF
2: 5%～7%, CaF
2: 2%～4%, surplus is Ag.
2. realize the preparation method of Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that its preparation method may further comprise the steps:
1) the weight ratio prescription of coating:
Ni:47%～49%, Cr:11%～13%, Cr
2O
3: BaF 18%～22%,
2: CaF 5%～7%,
2: 2%～4%, surplus is Ag;
2) adopt high energy ball mill to the purity in the above-mentioned prescription greater than 99.9%, granularity is Ni, Cr, the Cr of 100um～200um
2O
3, BaF
2, CaF2 and Ag powder carried out ball milling 5 hours～8 hours, makes above-mentioned powder be uniformly mixed into the composite nanometre powder of granularity less than 100nm;
3) adopt plasma spraying method on the axle journal of foil air bearing, to spray the composite nanometre powder that obtains, obtain Cr
2O
3And BaF
2/ CaF
2Particle is less than 200nm and the nano combined slip coating that is evenly distributed;
4) at last nano combined slip coating is incubated 15～20 hours under 500 ℃～600 ℃ atmospheric environments.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410073071 CN1240814C (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2004-09-13 | Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410073071 CN1240814C (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2004-09-13 | Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1613981A CN1613981A (en) | 2005-05-11 |
| CN1240814C true CN1240814C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
Family
ID=34765247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410073071 Expired - Fee Related CN1240814C (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2004-09-13 | Paillon air bearing high-temperature resistant nanometer composite lubricating coating and preparation thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1240814C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1328336C (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-07-25 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing self-lubricating coat in use for high temperature |
| CN101736279B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2012-07-18 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Hypersonic flame spraying process for self-lubricating wear-resistant coating |
| CN102528049A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Composite powder for air bearing and rotor coating and preparation method of composite powder |
| CN104214205B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-09-30 | 石家庄金士顿轴承科技有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting paillon foil formula dynamic pressure thrust gas bearing and preparation method |
| CN108441734A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of WC NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITEs lubricant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139475A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-05-12 | 盐城百圣机械有限公司 | Preparation of self-lubricating coating suitable for middle-low temperature air bearing journal |
-
2004
- 2004-09-13 CN CN 200410073071 patent/CN1240814C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1613981A (en) | 2005-05-11 |
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