CN1231780C - Intelligent optical attenuator - Google Patents
Intelligent optical attenuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1231780C CN1231780C CNB031292364A CN03129236A CN1231780C CN 1231780 C CN1231780 C CN 1231780C CN B031292364 A CNB031292364 A CN B031292364A CN 03129236 A CN03129236 A CN 03129236A CN 1231780 C CN1231780 C CN 1231780C
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- light barrier
- photodetector
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
An intelligent optical attenuator is composed of input optical fibre, input optical fibre collimator, light barrier, output optical fibre collimator and output optical fibre, and features that said light barrier is wedge-shaped and has a full-reflection film on its light barrier surface, an integrating sphere-like light cone and photoelectric detector, an amplifier, A/D converter and computer. The output end of the optical attenuator obtains required attenuation light. The invention has simple operation, closed-loop control of the system, high reliability and high attenuation precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the optical communication technique field, particularly a kind of intelligent optical attenuator.
Background technology
Optical attenuator is widely used in the optical communication network, is the optical passive component that optical signal power is decayed on request.Be divided into fixed optical attenuator and variable optical attenuator.Traditional variable optical attenuator generally has machinery adjustable and electric adjustable.These two kinds of devices are finished by artificial cooperation light power meter often to the detection of luminous power when reality is used, and should use not to be very convenient.And the digitizing optical attenuator of now common usefulness is will survey good data storage earlier in computing machine, during actual the use, measured data is compared with the data of preserving in the computing machine again, this does not realize the closed-loop control of total system automatically, can not be referred to as intellectuality truly, it is very high that accuracy of instrument is difficult to reach.
No. the 2510887th, prior art Chinese patent has disclosed similar light-barrier type adjustable optical attenuator.This optical attenuator is to block part transmission light with a light barrier, and allows required light pass through, and finishes the decay of light.In structural design and enforcement its rational one side is arranged in theory.But, finishing aspect instrument intelligent, do not provide a kind of implementation, just do not mention perhaps at all.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: at the complicacy in the aforesaid operations and can not finish the deficiencies in the prior art parts such as system's closed-loop control automatically, provide a kind of intelligent optical attenuator.This intelligent and variable optical attenuator is not only easy to operate, directly finishes all operations on instrument panel, need not external power meter; And can finish the closed-loop control of total system automatically, and guarantee accuracy of instrument, realize intellectuality truly.The present invention both can realize the fixed attenuation of light, also can realize the continuous decay of light.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of intelligent optical attenuator, comprise the input optical fibre collimating apparatus, light barrier and output optical fibre collimating apparatus, be characterized in that described light barrier is a wedge shape light barrier, its face of being in the light is coated with total reflection film, class integrating sphere light cone and photodetector are set on the reflected light path of light barrier, this photodetector configuration amplifying circuit, A/D converter and computing machine, described light barrier is installed on the translation mechanism, this translation mechanism links to each other with a stepper motor, described computing machine is according to the optical attenuation ratio of setting with to the result of photodetector light signal, instruction step motor-driven translation mechanism straight line moves light barrier, to reach the purpose of the intelligent optical attenuation of control.
The span of described wedge shape light barrier locking angle is 10 °≤α≤45 °.
The span of angle β of described wedge shape light barrier and input light is 30 °＜β＜60 °.
Described class integrating sphere light cone is a kind of conical collection optics, has conical light hole in it, and the span of its coning angle δ is: 0 °＜δ≤20 °.
Described photodetector and class integrating sphere light cone link together, and the luminous energy that class integrating sphere light cone is collected all incides on the test surface of photodetector.
When stepper motor drive wedge shape light barrier was done the straight-line feed motion, the light of part or all was blocked and reflects away by light barrier, and the light that another part is not blocked is directly incident in the output terminal optical fiber, promptly required attenuate light Io.Surveying that part of light intensity of being blocked and reflecting by light barrier with photodetector is I.In theory, be exactly total the light intensity Io of requirement deducts I with the light intensity Imax that detects.Here, Imax is meant the light of exporting from the input end fiber collimating apparatus.
Intelligent control section: detect reflected light I by photodetector, and light signal become electric signal, pass through processing of circuit again, this treatment circuit can be the current/voltage-converted circuit, voltage amplifier circuit etc., carry out the A/D conversion then, and the A/D transformation result is sent into computing machine carry out data processing.Before data processing, the maximal value Imax of the light intensity that collects under the computer recording, Imax are the total reflection light that light records when all decaying, and equal the light that transmits in input end fiber in theory.So just can be according to required light intensity Io, calculate the reflective light intensity I that should collect, I=Imax-Io then.Be converted to the step number of stepper motor by computing machine according to the I value then, promptly control the amount of feeding of wedge shaped baffle, making the light signal that collects is I, thereby just finishes the close-loop feedback control of total system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: easy to operation when instrument uses, only need press relevant several buttons and can finish.Since system's closed-loop control, reliability height, attenuation accuracy height.The development trend that meets intelligent optical attenuator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the intelligent optical attenuator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of wedge shape light barrier of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an optical signal transmission synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that class integrating sphere light cone of the present invention combines synoptic diagram with photodetector
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the intelligent optical attenuator of the present invention, and it comprises input end fiber 1 and output terminal optical fiber 12, optical fiber collimator is to 2 and 11, wedge type light barrier 3, class integrating sphere light cone 4, photodetector 5, amplifying circuit 6, A/D converter 7, computing machine 8, stepper motor driver 9, stepper motor 10 and driving translation mechanism thereof, the light intensity 13 of input end fiber collimating apparatus 2 outputs.
The light of input end fiber 1 transmission is after optical fiber collimator 2 expands bundle, light signal strength is Imax, when inciding opaque wedge shape light barrier 3, all reflections take place on light barrier 3 surfaces in the light signal that is blocked by light barrier 3, and the light signal that is blocked by light barrier 3 does not then directly enter output terminal optical fiber 12 by output terminal optical fiber collimator 11.The light signal I that is reflected by light barrier 3 through class integrating sphere light cone 4 after, by photodetector 5 light signal is converted to electric signal, this electric signal passes through amplifying circuit 6 again, enter A/D converter, be converted to digital signal, gather and handle by computing machine 8 then, and according to the stepping step number of required damping capacity control step motor 10.Stepper motor 10 is done rectilinear motion by driving translation mechanism promotion wedge shape light barrier 3.The straight-line feed amount of light barrier 3 is by the stepping step number decision of stepper motor 10.In the rectilinear motion process of light barrier 3 between two optical fiber collimators 2 and 11, the light of transmission in the collimating apparatus 2 is partly or entirely blocked, the light that is not blocked is directly incident in the output terminal optical fiber 12, and the light signal in the output terminal optical fiber 12 is required light signal Io.Here, photodetector 5 needs to survey maximum reflection light signal Imax and be stored in the computing machine, and Imax is that light barrier 3 is all lived light trap and the light that is detected by photodetector 5 is gone out in total reflection, equals the light signal strength of exporting from collimating apparatus 2 in theory.Because output terminal optical fiber 12 required light signal strengths are Io, then should to block and send into the light signal of handling in the computing machine 8 be I to light barrier 3, I=Imax-Io, computing machine is converted into stepper motor 10 corresponding stepping step numbers according to this I value, the amount of feeding of control light barrier 3 just obtains desired attenuate light in output terminal optical fiber 12.
In embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, wedge shape light barrier 3 can be a flat thin sheet metal, also can make by other material, and, the side that is in the light 31 plating total reflection films.Because after light expanded bundle through collimating apparatus 2, hot spot 13 diameters can reach 1mm, therefore, for guaranteeing instrumental resolution, should make the angle of wedge of light barrier 3 as far as possible little, generally get 10 °≤α≤45 °.Driving the driving translation mechanism by stepper motor 10 makes light barrier 3 do linear translational motion.Arrow among the figure is the straight-line feed direction of light barrier 3.
Structure in embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 was described in Fig. 1.Imax is the light signal of output in the input end fiber collimating apparatus 2, and I is the reflected light signal of light barrier 3, and Io is not for being blocked by light barrier 3, and directly is transferred to the light signal in the output terminal optical fiber 12, also is the light signal of requirement.What need here to replenish is, because the light that is blocked and reflect by light barrier 3 that photoelectric receiving arrangement receives, so, consider the influence that reflected light produces the light in the input end fiber 1, be the influence of optical echo, the angle β between the light normal of wedge shape light barrier 3 and 2 outputs of input end fiber collimating apparatus will have certain span: 30 °＜β＜60 °.
Photoelectric receiving arrangement is made up of class integrating sphere light cone 4 and photodetector 5, and function is that the light signal that will receive is converted to electric signal, can be current signal, also can be voltage signal.Class integrating sphere light cone 4 is a kind of conical collection optics, and purpose is that reflected light is all collected photodetector 5 surfaces.The concrete structure of class integrating sphere light cone 4 as shown in Figure 4.
Among the figure, the 14th, electrical lead.Class integrating sphere light cone 4 is conical light holes, and the big end in aperture is collected the light that reflects from light barrier 3.Class integrating sphere light cone 4 inside surfaces are scraped and are whole white, when light transmits in class integrating sphere light cone 4, incide the light generation diffuse reflection on class integrating sphere light cone 4 inwalls, at last, the light of all portion's transmission within it all incides on the test surface of photodetector 5, thereby can guarantee The measuring precision and stability.The end of probe of photodetector 5 directly is placed on the little end face in class integrating sphere light cone 4 apertures.Class integrating sphere light cone 4 range of taper: 0 °＜δ≤20 °.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of intelligent optical attenuator, comprise input optical fibre successively from being input to output, the input optical fibre collimating apparatus, light barrier, output optical fibre collimating apparatus and output optical fibre, it is characterized in that described light barrier is the wedge shape light barrier, its face of being in the light is coated with total reflection film, class integrating sphere light cone and photodetector are set on the reflected light path of light barrier, also has amplifying circuit, A/D converter and computing machine, described light barrier links to each other with stepper motor and driving translation mechanism thereof, described computing machine is according to the optical attenuation ratio of setting with to the result of photodetector light signal, instruction step motor and drive the translation mechanism straight line and move light barrier.
2, intelligent optical attenuator according to claim 1, the span that it is characterized in that described wedge shape light barrier locking angle are 10 °≤α≤45 °.
3, intelligent optical attenuator according to claim 1 and 2, the span of complementary angle β that it is characterized in that described wedge shape light barrier and the angle of input light are 30 °＜β＜60 °.
4, intelligent optical attenuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described class integrating sphere light cone is a kind of conical collection optics, has conical light hole in it, and the span of its coning angle δ is: 0 °＜δ≤20 °.
5, according to claim 1 or 4 described intelligent optical attenuators, it is characterized in that described photodetector and class integrating sphere light cone link together, the luminous energy that class integrating sphere light cone is collected all incides on the test surface of photodetector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031292364A CN1231780C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Intelligent optical attenuator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031292364A CN1231780C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Intelligent optical attenuator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1460871A CN1460871A (en) | 2003-12-10 |
| CN1231780C true CN1231780C (en) | 2005-12-14 |
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| CNB031292364A Expired - Fee Related CN1231780C (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2003-06-13 | Intelligent optical attenuator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107917732B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-09-10 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber geometric parameter, attenuation coefficient integrated test system |
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