CN1226855A - Moisture detecting devices such as for diapers and diapers having such devices - Google Patents
Moisture detecting devices such as for diapers and diapers having such devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN1226855A CN1226855A CN97196194A CN97196194A CN1226855A CN 1226855 A CN1226855 A CN 1226855A CN 97196194 A CN97196194 A CN 97196194A CN 97196194 A CN97196194 A CN 97196194A CN 1226855 A CN1226855 A CN 1226855A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
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Abstract
A pair of spaced electrodes within an area subject to wetness couple non-conductively with a sensor protected from wetness, and an alarm sounds in response to moisture decreasing the resistance between the electrodes. For example the electrodes project into the absorbent material of a diaper and extend along the inside of the diaper sheath opposite a pouch on the outside of the sheath. The pouch contains a sensor capacitively coupled to the electrodes.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to monitor wetness, the device of the wetness in the diaper (diaper) especially, and relate to the diaper that contains this device.
Background of invention
The wetness in the various detection diapers or the method and apparatus of moisture had been studied.The purposes of this device is to report to the police when diaper becomes wet.This makes mother can carefully take care of ewborn infant or children's.Yet, also there are some defectives in this device, be that these devices may need to make some conductors to adopt mechanical system to pass the plastic wrapper of these diapers, may make band be subjected to stimulation from the DC voltage of voltage source with person's skin, may in limited zone, be responsive only, may be once in a while be sitting on the chair wet or metal or react on the slide of park the time, perhaps also have some other defective at wearer.
Summation of the present invention
According to one embodiment of present invention; the a pair of electrode that separates that is subjected in the zone of humidity effect is coupled with non-conductive mode and the protected sensor of humidity effect that is not subjected to, and alarm is in response to this is sounded to the humidity of the resistance between electrode reduction.For example, electrode is given prominence to the absorbing material that stretches into diaper, and extends along the inboard facing to a pocket above the apkin cover outside of apkin cover.Include one in this pocket and be coupled to sensor on the electrode with capacitive way.
In claims of a part that constitutes instructions of the present invention, indicate the various characteristics that characterizes novelty of the present invention.Read instructions of the present invention with reference to following accompanying drawing, will make objects and advantages of the present invention will become fairly obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a decomposition view of implementing a diaper of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the skeleton view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram that is used for the sensor of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
The embodiment of a pocket among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 key diagram 1 and Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the planimetric map at the back side of embodiment that has pocket in the outside and contain the diaper of sensor.
Fig. 7 is the front elevation at the back side when this diaper is opened in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the planimetric map at the back side of another embodiment that has pocket in the outside and contain the diaper of sensor.
The front elevation at the back side of Fig. 9 when this diaper is opened in Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is a skeleton view of implementing a sensor of the present invention.
The block scheme of Figure 11 an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram that the step of being finished by the processor among Figure 11 is described.
Figure 13 is the continuous page or leaf of the process flow diagram among Figure 12.
Figure 14 be used for replacing the circuit of Fig. 3 or Figure 11 processor, the block scheme of integrated circuit (IC) chip (chip) according to an embodiment of the invention.
The waveform that Figure 15 A, 15B and 15C explanation are produced on sensing circuit by integrated circuit (IC) chip after carrying out current limliting by external resistor.
Figure 16 illustrates the pin of integrated circuit (IC) chip among Figure 14.
Figure 17 illustrate use piezoelectric element as unique output operation.
The operation of LED output is only used in Figure 18 explanation.
Figure 19 illustrates the operation of using piezoelectricity and LED output.
Figure 20 illustrates the operation of using LED and outside DC-power supply output circuit.
The operation of outside DC-power supply output circuit is only used in Figure 20 A explanation.
Figure 21 A and 21B be embody two embodiment of the present invention the decomposition diagram of diaper.
Figure 22 A, 22B, 22C and 22D are the planimetric maps that has corresponding to the plane of the electrode assembly of several embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 23 A and 23B are the planimetric maps that has corresponding to the plane of the electrode assembly of other embodiments of the invention.
Figure 24 is the front elevation corresponding to the electrode assembly of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Figure 25 is the front elevation corresponding to the electrode assembly of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 26 is the front elevation corresponding to the electrode assembly of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 27 is the skeleton view corresponding to the electrode assembly of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 28 is the skeleton view corresponding to the electrode assembly of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Figure 29 is the skeleton view of the pocket relevant with implementing some aspects of the present invention (aspects).
Figure 30 is the skeleton view of the pocket relevant with implementing another aspect of the present invention.
Figure 31 is that explanation is folding so that shorten the skeleton view of its effective length with sensor element.
Figure 32 is that explanation is used for removing the skeleton view of the device of coating from being coated with diaphragm area.
Figure 33 is the skeleton view that explanation is used for detecting electrode is arranged on the device on the diaper back piece of cloth.
Figure 34 is the skeleton view that explanation is used for removing from the yarn that twines metal wire the device of nonconducting fiber.
Figure 35 is the cut-open view of an example of the module (module) in the pocket of explanation on the back side of diaper.
Figure 36 is the planimetric map of front region with diaper of dry goods liner and treated rectangle part.
Figure 37 is the cut-open view in whole zone that includes the dry goods liner of treated part.
Figure 38 has described to be used to handle the ultrasonic unit of the treated part of Figure 16 and Figure 17.
Figure 39 is the skeleton view of the diaper made with method of the present invention.
Figure 40 is the graphic extension to the machine of making diaper.
In the partial, exploded perspective view of the exploded view of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, to implement disposable diaper 100 of the present invention and comprise the interior sheet 104 that constitutes by water permeable membrane, its covers the moisture absorption layer 107 that is made of strong suction filler or other powerful absorbent material.In one embodiment, layer 107 can comprise into glue absorption resin.Outside fluid-tight electrical isolation plastic jacket 110 has two electrodes of keeping apart 114, and these two electrodes are bar forms metal or other conductions, extends along the center of cover 110, and electrically contacts with absorption layer 107.According to one embodiment of present invention, electrode 114 longitudinally passes layer 107.According to another embodiment, electrode 114 is the silk or the wire of conduction.
The position of each pocket 120 is such, it make this can be right after on a pair of pole plate 117 back are arranged on cover 110 planar device 127 and can not make a device 127 with two to face adjacent pole plate 117 overlapping, vice versa.Among pole plate that these are paired or the device a pair of greater than other each right, make the tolerance that can allow setting.
According to an embodiment, each pocket 120 is to be made of the resilient material (not shown) in some part, perhaps includes resilient material, so that when diaper is worn device 127 is pressed near the position of overlapping 110.Device 127 does not have with pole plate 117 and electrically contacts, but overlap 110 this device plates of similar polarity is separated.When sensor 124 was in the pocket 120, a pair of device 127 of sensor 124 formed two adjacent capacitors with relative a pair of pole plate 117.
According to an embodiment, the side of sensor 124 is tapered, so that insert the pocket that is crushed easily.The surface of sensor 124 is tapered.
As shown in Figure 2, the bracket 130 that is fit to fixing diaper under the condition that can move, and sensor 124 is placed on the front portion or the rear portion of diaper.The user be with and when getting diaper wet, liquid passes sheet 104 and enters absorption layer 107, and arrives cover 110.Then, liquid makes electrode pair 114 electrical shorts.Like this, electrode pair 114 just plays a kind of effect of conductive switch, and it breaks (i.e. not conducting) at dried diaper, and connects (being conducting) in wet diaper.
According to another embodiment, diaper only comprises a pocket 120.Necessary or when wanting, diaper also can comprise other annex, as being fit to very much elastic electrode, adhesive tape (tapes), contact pin (tabs), the hasp (snaps) or similar to diaper being fixed to wearer thing on one's body of wearer.
According to another embodiment, alarm produces a kind of flash of light form, perhaps opening signal lamp, for example LED.According to another embodiment, by the position of radiowave, infrared radiation or other means transmission alarm to a distant place, a waiter can be at so a large amount of children of local remote monitoring or other wearer.
The wearer wet diaper has been told in the alarm of acoustooptic form, and they can be the infant that trained or infant's father and mother.This makes them to take action rapidly.For example, audible and visible alarm can make the infant in the training that his an urgent demand and his training need are combined.This audible and visible alarm can also be used to notify the diaper of infant's parent-child to have changed.Audible and visible alarm can need be notified the child's who toddles nurse these.Audible alarm can help to treat the training of the enuresis.The light alarm can also give the alarm to adult incontinent person or the obstacle patient that ill belly is not felt, perhaps notifies managerial personnel to have changed.
Detecting electrode 114 is made has so a kind of little surface area, make detecting electrode 114 and anyly place their opposites, will be so little with capacitive coupling amount between the device that the outside surface of negative 110 contacts, the magnitude of current of some external devices can not detect with detector module 1 24 to such an extent as to shunting is given like this.Therefore, will can not give the alarm, and only be because the electrolytic conduction between the detecting electrode 114 excites alarm owing to the result of the conditioning beyond the diaper 100.May may be the metal chair of being with the person sat by the example of the object of placing near the diaper outside.
Demonstrate the details of electrical appliance part of an embodiment of sensor 124 among Fig. 3, comprising the impulse source 300 of a low fill factor.In impulse source 300, base when forming the oscillator 304 of a part of integrated circuit or chip and divide counter 307 and in the wetness testing process, providing for all incidents.In one embodiment, counter 307 offers a low-frequency pulse repetition frequency (for example 30Hz) the responsive time clock output of rising edge of D-type bistable multivibrator 310.Come from a higher-frequency pulse of identical clock, as cause the 60Hz of 1: 2000 duty factor, after a short period, make bistable multivibrator 310 once reset.Therefore, the bistable multivibrator 310 with the data input pin that links to each other with positive source 314 arrives logic highs, after 15 microseconds by the upper frequency clock-reset.Use the paraphase output Q ＇ of bistable multivibrator 310, and produce the low pulse of corresponding 15 picologics subsequently.This low-frequency pulse appears on the polarity-inverting amplifier 317 of drive integrated circult chip output pin, also appears at the responsive output terminal of clock of rising edge of second bistable multivibrator 320.The buffering output pulse of coming from phase inverter 317 sends a non-essential resistance 324 to.
Non-essential resistance 324 plays the charging current current-limiting function in having the outside R/C circuit of diaper capacitor switch network 327.Described diaper capacitor switch network 327 comprises: first capacitor 330 is formed with one of pole plate 117 by one of device 127 that faces with each other across cover 110; The resistance 334 of switch is formed by two electrodes 114 and the gap between them; And second capacitor 337, form by another of another and pole plate 117 of the device 127 that faces with each other across cover 110.
Also appear on Schmidt (Schmidt) input buffer 340 across the voltage on the resistor 324 of capacitor switch network 327, Schmidt's input buffer 340 produces output signal at the D of bistable multivibrator 320 input end.Bistable multivibrator 320 is to be set under the sufficient state of power supply, to avoid of short duration warning.The output Q ＇ of bistable multivibrator 320 drives warning device 344.In example shown in Figure 3, but warning device 344 comprises an electromagnetic shaker VB who produces piezoelectric crystal PZ, LED, transmitting set RT, infrared transmitter IR, a music generating circuit MG of signal sound equipment and be used for the perception shake-up of enuresis training, can optionally strengthen separately or all for any in these parts.Piezoelectric crystal PZ can also produce ultrasonic ringing, and sends alarm to receptacle or bedside at a distance.According to another embodiment of the invention, sensor 124 comprise among the electromagnetic shaker that piezoelectric crystal, LED, transmitting set, infrared transmitter, music generating circuit or perception touch any one or more a plurality of, and need not remaining.Can saving of other.Can also use other warning device.In one embodiment, only use piezoelectric crystal PZ and LED.
In each charge cycle, the current limliting impulse feeding that one 15 microsecond is arranged is in capacitor switch network 327.Hypothetical network is by initial charge, and it begins to obtain electric charge, and its terminal voltage is the function of the electric capacity of the series capacitor in charge power supply voltage, current-limiting resistance 324, pulse width and the sensor network 327.When diaper was dry, opening circuit on the switch 324 between the electrode 114 made the electric charge on the circuit 327 rise to its peak value rapidly, and exceeds the threshold value of Schmidt trigger 340.This makes the output Q ＇ of bistable multivibrator 320 be placed in low level.This closes warning horn 344.Voltage rises rapidly, and this is owing near the total capacitance of circuit 327 drying layer 107 is extremely low, and is lower than the series capacitance of capacitor 330 and 337.
When urine made electrode 114 short circuits by electrolytic action, the total capacitance of network 327 in fact approximately rose to the much higher capacitances in series composite value of coupling capacitance 330 or 337.Then, schmidt net 327 occurs as the capacitance load of the series connection composite value that is substantially equal to fixed coupling electric capacity 330 and 337.So the voltage on the network 327 can not rise to more than the positive threshold value of Schmidt trigger 340.Terminal point at the sensing pulse that sends by bistable multivibrator 310 and phase inverter, bistable multivibrator 320 is by the Q ' output timing of the rising of bistable multivibrator 310, and the logic low output of Schmidt trigger 340 is stored as the logic high in its Q ＇ output.High level excitation alarm 344 in the Q ＇ output of this bistable multivibrator 310.At next pulse, when bistable multivibrator 310 resetted bistable multivibrator 320, the output on the Q ' of bistable multivibrator 320 uprised and triggers alarm 344.
More particularly, the resistance value of resistance 324 makes network 327 charge at least to the threshold value (being generally 1.6V) of Schmidt's input buffer 340 when diaper is dry.Like this, when charging finishes and in rising edge clock signal synchronously, be fed to the accurate moment of second bistable multivibrator 320, the instantaneous level of the output of Schmidt's input buffer 340 is functions of its currently applied input voltage, and it is by the timing bistable multivibrator 320 of going into to sample.The output state of the bistable multivibrator 320 that obtains at last indicates doing of diaper or wet state, and previous moment and whole cycle reappear according to the speed of aforesaid 30Hz under this state.
When diaper was dry, bistable multivibrator 320 produced 0 in Q ＇ output.When wet diaper, charging does not reach and makes Schmidt's input buffer 340 with the 1 needed level of D input end that is added to bistable multivibrator 320.This is generation 0 and triggering warning horn 344 in the Q of bistable multivibrator 320 ＇ output just.
Remove outside the common typical Schmidt's input circuit that causes the noise function, this Schmidt's input buffer 340 also provides a kind of additional effect.If network charging pulse voltage responsive power supply and changing has so also changed the threshold voltage of Schmidt's input buffer 340.This is because Schmidt's threshold point is to be set at fixing, a moderate component that is provided by power supply by a voltage driver.This adjection is exactly to reduce the variation that is caused by supply voltage in the sensing threshold value when battery voltage source weakens, as the battery operated situation that tends to occur.
Low pulse rate on resistance 324 plays two kinds of effects at least.The Chang no-voltage cycle helps to guarantee to return zero under all conditions at the voltage on the network 327 between each pulse at first, relatively.Therefore, each must be kept apart with previous with the phase.Low fill factor is guaranteed the bias voltage of external capacitive network 327, thereby does not need resistive bias voltage composition, and what for example use is that a comparer and the waveform that applied are 50% duty factor square waves.Secondly, since in the most of measuring currents of this impulse duration by carrying-off, by carrying out may lack down the test of number of times, the needed average current of minimizing test circuit than other.Because needed response is at one second or the many seconds orders of magnitude, be to make interval between the pulse required response time order of magnitude that becomes by the degree that duty cycle is reduced, average current consumption can be reduced to bottom line theoretically.
According to an embodiment, 1: 2000 duty factor for the pulse that is applied, can select the value of resistance 324 and the threshold value of Schmidt trigger, the result, the power that is applied on this resistance in series, coupling condenser and the electrode is approximately 3nW (nanowatt) power.
An embodiment of Figure 4 and 5 explanation pocket.Here, binder makes the outward flange 407 of the bending of flexible bag 410 overlap 110 the outside near the fluid-tight electrical isolation in outside.According to another embodiment of the invention, a kind of hot binder adheres to flange 407 on the cover 110, and when sensor 124 was inserted in the bag 410, this pocket made the shape of himself tightly around this sensor.
Fig. 6 is the planimetric map at rear portion of embodiment that has a bag 410 in cover 110 the outside and contain the diaper of a sensor 124.Fig. 7 is the front view (FV) at its rear portion when the diaper of Fig. 6 is opened.Here, for clarity, thickness has been exaggerated.Sensor 124 in the bag 410 has device 127 and they is compressed the outside that leans against the cover 110 that is imprinted on inboard pole plate 117 opposites of this cover.Substrate 600 has pole plate 117.
The layer 604 common with conventional disposable diaper covers pole plates 117 and cover 110, and provides a fixed surface for the absorption layer 607 corresponding with layer 107.The latter also is that most of disposable diapers are common.What cover absorption layer 607 is a kind of interior sheet 610 that has hydrophobic performance comparatively speaking, also is that disposable diaper is common, and corresponding to sheet 104.The fiber that has hydrophobic performance is comparatively speaking kept apart the skin of the wet layer body of layer 607 and wearer and moisture is turned back on the skin again.Like this, diaper also can make skin keep dry even wearer has been got wet.Make urine away from skin by the competition between the so not high sheet 610 of high-absorbable ergosphere 607 and absorptive character.
Fig. 8 is the diaper in similar Fig. 6 and 7, but is to use exposed metal wire or multiply metal wire 614 to make the planimetric map at rear portion of the another kind of diaper of electrode 114.Fig. 9 is the front view at the rear portion when being opened of the diaper among Fig. 8.Here, for clarity sake, thickness is exaggerated.Exposed metal wire or multiply metal wire are electrically connected with pole plate 11 7 when they are extruded at pole plate with between overlapping 110.According to another embodiment, metal wire or multiply metal wire 614 pass absorption layer 607.
In the embodiment of Fig. 6 to 9, as in other embodiments, when diaper was dry, sensor 124 did not send alerting signal.The electrode 114 that is spaced keeps the conductive switch of disconnection when being formed on the diaper drying.So, from the electric current of the variation of power supply can be not switch by the disconnection that forms by electrode 114.When diaper was moist, the electrolytic action of the urine in the diaper made electrode 114 contacts and with the switch connection in the gap between the spaning electrode 114.So, the electric current of the variation of power supply make from capacitor by forming of the electric current of sensor 124 by a device 127 and relative pole plate 117, by an electrode 114, by the electrolytic conduction gap between the electrode 114 to another electrode 114, by by second capacitor that forms of second of a pair of pole plate 117 and a pair of device 127 and return this sensor.Resulting electric current excites alarm, and according to an embodiment, this warning horn excites piezoelectricity news Chinese percussion instrument and plays a song or send other the sound, for example beep sound (beep).
According to another embodiment of the invention, sheet 104 and 610 is removed, and makes wearer to moisture-sensitive and strengthened warning.
According to another embodiment, lead or multiply metal wire are embedded in absorption layer 607 and firmly contact with a pair of thin plate in the layer 607.Like this, the sensor 124 with device 127 is by isolated and be embedded in absorption layer.According to another embodiment, this device is identical with the device of Fig. 1 to 9, but difference has been to use pocket, and the sensor 124 that will have device 127 with mechanical folder, hasp or right angle lock cell is the solid outside at diaper.
Figure 10 is the skeleton view corresponding to an embodiment of the sensor 1000 of sensor 124.This sensor comprises box body 1004, extractor handle 1007, downward-sloping slightly side 1010 and sloping edge 1014.This inclined side makes it possible to aim at when inserting pocket.When sensor 1000 was placed in the pocket, the switch 1017 that is added with the spring that can arbitrarily set was switched on.The size of sensor 1000 makes and can be assembled in the pocket securely.Box body 1004 has a rear end face 1020 that is curved surface, so that when putting into pocket a contact force is added on cover 110 and the pocket.
According to another embodiment, pole plate 117 has used and has been reflecting properties and extremely thin metal level anti-oxidant and that corrosion resistance is selected.The aluminium that is coated with the sputter of nickel or evaporation has prevented oxidation and has presented in the outside of diaper to have aesthetic feeling and pleasant outward appearance.
According to another embodiment, this sensor device be used for when life jacket contact water, making life jacket expand, be used for aviation supply water indication drying regime, the secret door handle that is used for the humidity of skin is made a response, be used for liquid level sensor, be used for the plant soil moisture-indicator, or the like.
The children's that the present invention can make mother take care of ewborn infant or toddle often notes helping the just child of training that separated of urine trousers enuresis treatment training, and reminded the adult who suffers from incontinence disease before problem takes place.The present invention has avoided being connected with conductor the diaper from the outside with power supply with the method for machinery.Its skin of also avoiding having the people of this device directly contacts with the voltage of power supply supply electrode in addition.In addition, it has been avoided when wearer is sitting on the chair wet or metal, when leaning against on the wall wet or metal, sends the mistake alarm when perhaps sliding slide on metal or wet park slide.
According to some other embodiment of the present invention, the non-conductive coupling from the sensor to the electrode is optics rather than capacitive.This relates in the relative both sides of cover 110 and uses LED and light detector combination.According to another embodiment, the non-conductive coupling from the sensor to the electrode is a magnetic.This relates to that sensor in the pocket adds an electric field and thereafter at inner this electric field that detects of diaper.According to another embodiment, the non-conductive coupling from the sensor to the electrode is the induction from the sensor to the electrode.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the response speed of the switch that is formed by electrode 114 concerns and changes by changing layer 104 and 107 relative hydrophobicity and water wettability.
The size of device 127 and pole plate 117 is enough big, and, enough little across the aspectant interval between each the piece pole plate 117 of dielectric sheaths 110 and the relative device 127, the result makes the electric capacity 330 and 337 that forms like this in fact greater than very little, non-detectable stray capacitance almost between the parallel electrode 114.Schmidt trigger 340 is set on the enough low value, electric capacity 330 and 337 is enough high, even the result make child be sitting in wet or metallic surface on the time, stray capacitance across the switch 334 that is formed by electrode 114 can not be added to enough electric capacitys on the series circuit 327, and the input signal that the result will import Schmidt trigger is reduced to the threshold value that is lower than it.Therefore, bistable multivibrator 320 will be not can in response to wearer be sitting in wet or metallic surface on and send false alarm.Those are sized to only in response to giving the alarm across the conduction of the switch 334 that is formed by electrode 114.
Figure 11 is the block scheme of an alternative embodiment of the invention, and therein, processor 1400 is finished the circuit 300 among Fig. 3 and the merit of device 340 and 320, can be in addition, and the structure of this system is identical with structure shown in Figure 3.
The step that Figure 12 explanation is finished by processor 1400.Here, in step 1504, for example when processor 1400 was placed in the pocket of diaper for the first time, processor 1400 was powered (for example by means of the locking switch that is started by one of handle 37A or 37B) in response to the connection of detector module 20.
In step 1507, after one period schedule time, this system is reset in the past.In step 1510, processor 1400 detects the hardwired state, so that determine in order to send which device in this connection alarm 344 of reporting to the police.In step 1514, in case processor 1400 determines whether this system is set to the situation of detecting and just gives the alarm immediately, and whether an of short duration time-delay perhaps should be arranged.In step 1514, processor 1400 can also determine whether count the number of working procedure (alert if), and described counting only just occurs after aforesaid of short duration time-delay stops.
In step 1517, processor 1400 produces pulse continuously.As shown in Figure 3, these test pulses are added on the network 327 via resistance 324." threshold value reaches not? " in the determination step, processor 1400 determines whether voltages have reached predetermined value, and this predetermined value generally is the suitable umber of supply voltage, for example 40%.
If the result is a "Yes", this means conduction state on switch 334, not occur, and the program step that causes starting warning does not begin.In addition, determine so each time, in " final alarm count is not? " in the determining step 1528, processor check the alarm count device whether in formerly the alert event process final the warning be attenuated (flagged).If the alarm count device can not be activated in step 1514 is set, the then current result who determines is "No" always.If be "Yes", step 1530 is ended output, and the result makes this unit no longer to work.If be "No", step 1532 makes back off timer initialization (in order to be used to limit alert if, it is unimportant that in fact whether back off timer be attenuated).Next, " warning is denied? " in the determining step 1535, check whether there is alert if.If be "Yes", step 1538 makes any useful signal invalid, and processor returns " threshold value does not reach not? " determining step 1520.If be "No", skips steps 1538, processor directly returns " threshold value does not reach not? " determining step 1520.
" if threshold value reaches not? " result in the determining step 1520 is a "No", this means that conducting state appears on the switch 334, and the program step that starts that causes reporting to the police begins.Determine for so each time, " time-delay characteristics start not? " in the determining step 1522, check whether time-delay characteristics are subtracted when being activated.If be "Yes", so " whether time-delay is denied? " determining step 1524 is checked current whether the time-delay.If be "Yes", this unit will add pulse and return determining step 1524 to output pin with 8Hz, and it will continue to check the end of delay cycle in this case, rather than continue alert if.If LED is switched on, the user of this product can see and press for restricted warning that this helps to prevent the alarm count device because the accidental alarm count device that starts of the operation error of certain form of this unit.In case delay cycle finishes, as long as " threshold value reaches not? " determining step 1520 continues to be under the "No" state, " time-delay characteristics start not? " determining step 1522 will become "No", and the result that Here it is is caused under sure alert if.
Figure 13 is the continuous page or leaf of the process flow diagram of Figure 12, there is shown the step that may occur under the situation that the positive alarms condition exists.At first, in step 1604, if the alarm count device is activated in that step 1514 is set, its counting just increases by 1 so.Secondly, in step 1605, alarm condition locked (promptly utilizing permanent sign)." reporting to the police at last? " determining step 1607, processor check whether this is last warning.If the alarm count device is not activated, this decision will be always "No".If be "Yes", processor is with the frequency of the 8Hz pin input pulse to LED, and is different with common 2Hz frequency, so as to indicate this unit after current the warning with inoperative.Subsequent, " piezoelectric device (piezo) is arranged? " in the determining step 1618, check be provided with step 1510 whether mark (flagged) connection to piezoelectric device.If be "Yes", processor will provide a signal that makes the stable monotone sound of audio frequency piezoelectric transducer generation to non--LED output pin so.This tone be different from indication after current the warning this unit with inoperative common audio tones.If be "No", processor will provide direct supply to non--LED output pin so, so that drive in many possible output units any one.
" if being last warning? " the result of determining step 1607 is a "No", and processor to LED pin input pulse signal, indicates this unit will no longer work after current the warning with the frequency of 2Hz so.Next, " piezoelectric device (piezo) is arranged? " in the determining step 1619, check be provided with step 1510 whether mark to the connection of piezoelectric device.If be "Yes", processor will provide a signal that makes the stable monotone sound of audio frequency piezoelectric transducer generation to non--LED output pin so.If be "No", processor will provide direct supply to non--LED output pin so, so that drive in many possible output units any one.
Obviously, the details of the internal logic of processor 1400 is different from circuit 300, is apparent that the locking of warning device most.This helps to realize in software/hardware.Yet some basic functions still are that the two is common.
About the use of this alarm count device in any equipment, in common business scope, expection detector module 20 has sufficient power supply energy, the usefulness of enough diaper package operations.Any trial of attempting this device is used for second diaper package equally can be in a certain moment in one the process using these diapers because battery failure or close on damage and lead to the failure.Therefore, processor 1400 and circuit 1700 record number of run only make and move the diaper number that proceeds in the independent packing.Possible alarm times can have increase slightly in the scope of a packing, allow several times accidental warning that is caused by mistake operation (for example insert again wet diaper).This has guaranteed the continuity of operation and has been unlikely to failure to occur in the middle of a diaper package uses.
Figure 14 is the circuit 300, Schmidt trigger 340 and the bistable multivibrator 320 that are used to replace Fig. 3 according to one embodiment of present invention, perhaps replaces the circuit 300 among Fig. 3, perhaps replaces chip 1700 block schemes of the processor 1400 of Figure 11.Chip 1700 detects the state of the switch 334 in the network 327.Be whether the switch 334 that detects in network 327 is conduction states specifically, this conduction state is represented to stride and is had conducting electrolyte between the detecting electrode, as the load that goes out as shown in the tandem compound of the capacitor 330 of basic fixed value under the voltage that when detecting end-of-pulsing, connects network 327 and 337 effect confirmed.The ultimate principle of being utilized is that generation is short, current limliting, periodic, the test electric pulse is given network 327.If connect network 327 by Closing Switch 334, network 327 just is used to add test pulse so, if but switch 334 is disconnected, and pulse is in fact inoperative.This electric circuit inspection connects the voltage of network 327 when each end-of-pulsing, and can be by this voltage and predetermined threshold value relatively being come the state of detector switch 334.
Figure 15 A explanation is added to the test pulse on the network 327, and the waveform that Figure 15 B and 15C explanation are caused on network 327 by test pulse after by the external resistor current limliting of using representative value.One of them illustration illustrates the node of an equivalent electrical circuit that has marked voltage.At V shown in Figure 15 A (1), i.e. test pulse.At V shown in Figure 15 B (2), promptly for the voltage of the situation across a network 327 of dried diaper.V (2) also is shown among Fig. 1 5C, at this moment is the situation at wet diaper.In Figure 15 B and 15C, detection threshold has been shown, has been roughly the level of 0.8V.For the situation of dried diaper, the distortion of being seen in the waveform of Figure 15 B is caused by the sizable stray capacitance in the analogy model, and is insensitive for such stray capacitance to confirm.
Figure 16 illustrates the pin of chip 1700.This illustrates with the external circuit of CT chip and is connected.Connection shown in Figure 16 (pin) characteristic is corresponding with those characteristics of Figure 14.
The structure of chip 1700 provides several different module structures, to satisfy different users' needs.Figure 17,18,19,20 and 20A in several primary module devices have been shown.
Figure 17 has illustrated with the operation of piezoelectric device as unique output.Here, piezoelectric device PE is connected between " B " and " C " pin, and " A " pin left side does not connect.Testing circuit is identical in all structural drawing.Stride the added supply voltage of "+" and "-" pin shown in battery B." D " shown in figure pin arbitrarily connects "+" pin or "-" pin.This provides two types for each configuration; The operation of time-delay and counting can be activated or can not be activated in five kinds of configurations of Figure 17 to 20 and 20A any.
Figure 18 has illustrated the operation as unique output with LED.LED drives from " B " pin." C " pin links to each other with "-" pin, detect so that prevent false piezoelectric device, and " A " pin left side does not connect.
Figure 19 has illustrated and has used piezoelectric device and LED as the operation of exporting.Here, LED drives from " A " pin, and piezoelectric device PE drives from " B " and " C " pin.
Figure 20 has illustrated the operation of using LED and outside DC power output circuit.Here, LED drives from " B " pin.In this structure, " C " pin links to each other with "-" pin, detect so that prevent false piezoelectric device, and the dc voltage that " A " pin is used to provide constant is exported, and supplies with outside output circuit supply voltage.According to one embodiment of present invention, outside output circuit is a kind of like this device, and it can play a kind of melody or sound effect, CD-ROM drive motor or electromagnetic shaker, startup time-delay, generation sound signal or infrared signal are given receptacle at a distance, or the like.
Figure 20 A has illustrated the operation of only using outside DC power output circuit.Here, in this structure, " B " pin left side does not connect, and structure is the same as described above, and " C " pin links to each other with "-" pin, detects so that prevent false piezoelectric device, and the dc voltage that " A " pin is used to provide constant is exported, and supplies with outside output circuit supply voltage.According to one embodiment of present invention, outside output circuit is a kind of like this device, and it can play a kind of melody or sound effect, CD-ROM drive motor or electromagnetic shaker, startup time-delay, generation sound signal or infrared signal are given receptacle at a distance, or the like.
The pin that is designated as "+" links to each other with positive voltage.The pin that is designated as "-" link to each other with negative supply voltage (or ground connection).According to one embodiment of present invention, the difference between the positive-negative power voltage greater than 2 volts less than 6 volts (DC).Another embodiment provides higher supply voltage poor, also has an embodiment to provide lower supply voltage poor.
According to normal operation mode, " R " pin provides and detects pulse to external network 327.According to the TEST1 pattern, this pin provides access to the most tangible carry-out bit of an elementary 15-digit counter, so that check fluctuation tally function.According to the TEST2 pattern, this pin provides the spike train of the 32kHz with about 50% duty cycle.
According to normal operation mode and TEST2 pattern, " S " pin is the detection output terminal from external network 327.According to the TEST1 pattern, this pin provides access to this oscillator tank (tank).
According to normal operation mode, " D " pin, perhaps is tied with "-" pin perhaps with "+" pin adding power supply to before the chip.If this pin and "-" pin are tied when adding power supply, detect end-of-pulsing and on " A ", " B " and/or " C " pin, signals and indicate all detected alert if by being right after each, and suppress to move counter function.If this pin is tied with "+" pin when adding power supply, the qualification time of observing 4 seconds so before output terminal sends alerting signal exceeds.If alert if does not continue in whole qualification cycle, so uncertain warning is just deleted.If alert if continued in whole qualification cycle, when stop qualification cycle, just send alerting signal, and make the increment of operation counter at output terminal.If for this input signal provides a negative edge, then chip is imported the TEST1 pattern when carrying out according to normal mode, it is 1 all that elementary 15-digit counter is set to, and imports the clock signal of this elementary counter and ends.Second negative edge is opened this elementary counter, thereby by the next rising edge timing on this input signal.It is whole 0 by whole 1 upsets that next rising edge makes this elementary counter.Next rising edge transmits a reset signal and gives this circuit.The cancellation of the 4th negative edge resets, and makes rising edge on subsequently the pin D directly to elementary rolling counters forward.In addition, the 4th negative edge also makes the TEST1 pattern withdraw from, and enters the TEST2 pattern.
According to normal operation mode, when detecting an alert if, " A " pin or light emitting diode (JED) drive signal is provided perhaps provides a high level dc voltage (near the supply voltage of "+" pin, this depends on load).If there is no alert if, pin A is in high impedance status.According to the TEST1 pattern, this pin provides access to the output terminal of the oscillator on the chip (64kHz+/-30%).According to the TEST2 pattern, " A " pin recovers normal function.
According to normal operation mode, after powering up, " B " pin provides the piezoelectric detection pulse immediately.After the piezoelectric detection function was finished, when detecting alert if, this pin provided piezoelectric drive signal, and LED perhaps is provided drive signal.If there is no alert if, this pin is in high impedance status.No matter be TEST1 pattern or TEST2 pattern, the function of pin B is not all had directly effect.
According to normal operation mode, after powering up, " C " pin is used for immediately according to the rules that circuit sends to internal circuit with the piezoelectric element detection signal.After the piezoelectric detection function is finished, when detecting alert if, (only between " C " pin and " B " pin, detect when having piezoelectric element), this pin just provides piezoelectric drive signal.If do not prepare to use direct Piezoelectric Driving for given circuit arrangement, this pin and " " pin should be linked together so, this will guarantee to detect less than piezoelectric element.Carry out such connection and will guarantee that also " C " pin forever is in high impedance status.
In Figure 14, the simulation part 1704 of chip 1700 provides operation and the necessary all bias voltages of these functions itself and the reference voltage of oscillator, power-on reset circuit and schmidt trigger function.Soon, oscillator function begins to start, and sends POR (power-on reset) and OSC (vibration) signal to internal testing circuit piece 1707 after powering up between "+" pin and "-" pin.In addition, simulation part 1704 comprises Schmitt trigger circuit, and the analog signal conversion that this circuit is used to be present in network 327 junctions becomes discontinuous digital logic level, facilitates the use sensor signal detector and detects.Osc signal is from the micropower oscillator, and its nominal frequency is 64kHz.Por signal is a kind of short pulse that is produced by an one shot multivibrator.
" D " pin catch bistable multivibrator 1710 after powering up soon by the por signal timing, and the power consumption that is used to catch reed " D " pin increases (power-up) state.The output of this module is a signal that is called as DELON.If DELON is high after the POR pulse, report to the police so and identify that counter 1714 and operation counter 1717 are activated so that the subsequent alarm detection of carrying out is handled, and in the alarm detection pause period, the LED flicker rate is switched to 8Hz.If DELON is low after the POR pulse, report to the police to identify that so the function of counter 11714 and operation counter 1717 is suppressed, so that the subsequent alarm detection of carrying out handles, and the LED flicker rate is 2Hz all the time when detecting alert if.
Be right after in inner testing circuit module 1707 behind the POR end-of-pulsing and utilize setting, reset and control an elementary 15-digit counter 1720 based on the clock signal of the activity on " D " pin.When carrying out according to the TEST1 pattern, the signal that the TEST1 that sends from module 1707 exports on control " A " pin sends.It also controls output signal frequency and duty cycle on " R " pin.The TEST2 signal is used to control detection frequency multiplex device strictly, and is in a single day determined by the 4th negative edge on " D " pin as mentioned above, then determines to keep, till detecting the full power electric power on/off cycle.
Elementary 15-digit counter 1720 provides all key timing signals for the chip operation.It is usually according to the 15-position scale-of-two ripple counter of the nominal oscillator frequency timing of 64kHz.According to the TEST1 pattern can utilize on " D " pin various transfer pairs it control (see above " D " pin explanation).According to the TEST2 pattern, it is by the signal timing that exists on " D " pin.
Sensor signal generator 1727 is accepted from the timing signal of elementary counter 1720 via test frequency multiplexer 1724 (32Hz and 32kHz) and is had the permission signal of sensor information piece 1730 from piezoelectricity.In the time of after piezoelectricity exists measuring ability to finish, piezoelectricity exists sensor information piece 1730 to produce the GOSENSOR signal.This signal enabling signal generator 1727 produces its frequency and is generally equal to 32Hz (64000 divided by 2
10), its duty cycle is 0.05% sensing signal.The SENSE OUT output of this module is the signal on the pin " R ".The SAMPLE output of this module is used for providing the synchronized sampling clock signal to sensor signal detector 1734.
It is when alert if occurring that generator 1740 produces the tone of twitering, or in one of following two kinds of situations: when (a) time-delay and counting properties are ended; Perhaps (b) time-delay and counting properties are activated and the current cycle of operation is not when moving at last.Under any one, the ALTONE signal is the quite square wave of the 2Hz of symmetry that obtains modulating between 2kHz and 4kHz at both of these case.
Occur in alarm condition, and time-delay and counting properties are activated, and the operation counter has been when having reached its end counting, generator 1740 also produces a last tone signal.The ALTONE signal is the quite square wave of symmetry of 4kHz constant frequency.
After adding power supply for this chip, piezoelectric device exists sensor 1730 to be activated immediately.Enabling signal is provided via the test frequency multiplexer by elementary counter.When this signal was identified, the PZSENSE of this module output produced an independent high-speed pulse (high-going pulse), and this pulse makes " B " pin control circuit that this pulse is passed to " B " pin itself.In the recurrent interval, the output of " C " pin ends.If be connected piezoelectric buzzer between pin " B " and " C " this moment, these pulses are coupled on the pin " C " by pin " B " capacitive, and this is because this piezoelectric buzzer is equivalent to a small capacitor from electricity.Then, by module 1730 whether the existence of this pulse (PZOIN) is sampled.If piezoelectric device exists, confirm the PIEZO signal so.Otherwise, do not confirm the PIEZO signal.In either case, after sampling is finished, confirm the GOSENSOR signal, conversely this again the start sensor signal generator begin to transmit the SENSE_OUT pulse, and produce the SAMPLE signal and give sensor signal detector.Should be noted that and to use some devices of removing outside the piezoelectric buzzer to form connection between pins " B " and " C " (need only suitable little of impedance, for example be lower than 1 megohm).
Report to the police and identify that counter 1714 provides the time-delay part of time-delay and tally function.Its effect be alarm condition detect and with provide time-delay in 4 seconds between the relevant output pin signal of reporting to the police produces.When existing alarm condition and DELON signal to be identified, this functional module is activated.Suspend to stop and operation counter when not reaching terminal counting as yet, the QUALIFIED signal is identified.This signal is used to make operation counter 1717 countings to increase 1 (=1 operation of 1 counting) and changes the LEDFLASH output of LED scintillater circuit 1737.When this function was activated, one detected alarm condition, and LEDFLASH just begins to produce the signal that frequency is 8Hz.Identify that time-out stops in case report to the police, as the result that the QUALIFIED signal is identified, LEDFLASH just becomes 2Hz with its frequency from 4Hz.The affirmation of QUALIFIED signal also makes the QUALMUX signal be identified.The QUALMUX signal is used to satisfy several logical formulas relevant with the application of these outputs, mainly depends on after powering up whether detected piezoelectric device between pin " B " and " C ".
Lasting warning total degree counting beyond 1717 pairs of 4 seconds evaluation pause period of operation counter.Because the diaper number in packing unit is different and different along with product difference and manufacturer, so the purposes of this counter is relevant with the Humidity Detection of diaper.Because utilizing the product of this chip for this application is to be controlled by invariable battery, and owing to the battery size that is used for these products can be selected so that the battery capacity of optimization is provided for the employed diaper Package size of this product of shipping, in case near the terminal point of the term of validity of the expection of battery supply, this functional block is used to suppress this chip operation.Because power consumption fluctuation range between latence (not reporting to the police) and active state (warnings) of chip and relevant circuit very big (may greater than 1000: 1) is so the battery life of reality is difficult to predict.Variation during the alarm condition has further increased the uncertain factor of prediction.
Differentiated for the module of " A " pin control circuit 1744 determined during the alarm condition with the situation of carrying out different test patterns under on " A " pin existing signal transmission form.The activation output signal level is a high voltage level.According to the TEST1 pattern, the built-in chip type oscillator signal appears on " A " pin.
According to the TEST2 pattern, " A " pin produces the signal that is equivalent to the above signal, and just sensor signal generator duty cycle is approximately 50% in this pattern.
At " A " pin during according to the normal mode transmission signals, the transmission of " A " pin signal has five kinds of different forms, they depend on: (a) whether time-delay and tally function are activated, perhaps (B) if the time-delay and tally function be activated (not considering whether current operation is last operation), perhaps whether (C) piezoelectric buzzer (perhaps other suitable connectors) is existed sensor to arrive by piezoelectric device.
If time-delay and tally function are activated, piezoelectric device is detected and moves counter and also do not reach terminal counting, and pin " A " produces the 8Hz signal with 31.25ms activation (active) pulse width during first 4 seconds after detecting alarm condition.In case time-delay in 4 seconds finishes, the 2Hz signal with 31.25ms activation pulse width is changed in the transmission of pin " A " signal.Use low duty cycle (about 6%) so that reduce power consumption.
If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, and the operation counter reaches terminal counting, and then pin " A " produces during first 4 seconds after detecting alarm condition and has the 8Hz signal that 31.25ms activates pulse width.If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is not detected, then pin " A " produces high impedance status during first 4 seconds after detecting alarm condition.In case time-delay in 4 seconds finishes, then pin " A " produces other signal, for example, and near the high-voltage level of the voltage on "+" pin of light load.If time-delay and tally function are not activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, then pin " A " produces other signal, for example, has the 2Hz signal that 31.25ms activates pulse width in whole alarm condition process.If time-delay and tally function are not activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, then pin " A " produces other signal, for example, and the high-voltage level of approaching voltage on "+" pin of light load.
Differentiated for the module of " B " pin control circuit 1744 determined during the alarm condition with the situation of carrying out different test patterns under on " B " pin existing signal transmission form.The activation output-voltage levels is a high voltage level.
" B " pin control circuit 1744 exists detection relevant with piezoelectric device.Module 1747 detects " B " pin to exist between pin " B " and " C " and whether connects in very short time after adding power supply to chip.This relates to the approximately generation of 32ms signal pulse within about first 100 seconds of chip operation.
According to the TEST1 pattern, module 1747 is created in the signal that is equivalent to the following signal transmission situation that will mention to a great extent on " B " pin, and just sensor signal generator duty cycle is approximately 50% in this pattern.According to the TEST2 pattern, module 1747 is applied to the signal that is equivalent to the following signal transmission situation that will mention to a great extent on " B " pin, and just sensor signal generator duty cycle is approximately 50% in this pattern.
According to normal operator scheme, module 1747 applies the signal with 6 different-formats on " B " pin, these forms depend on: (a) whether time-delay and counting merit are activated, or (b) whether delay time and counting properties are activated (not considering whether current operation is last operation), or (c) whether piezoelectric buzzer (or other suitable electrical connections) is existed sensor to arrive by piezoelectric device.
If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is not detected, and the operation counter does not also reach terminal counting, and then module 1747 produces " B " pin first after detecting alarm condition to have the 8Hz signal that 31.25ms activates pulse width during 4 seconds.In case time-delay in 4 seconds finishes, module 1747 makes the transmission of " B " pin signal change into other signal, for example, has the 2Hz signal of 31.25ms activation pulse width.If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is not detected, and the operation counter also reached terminal counting, and then module 1747 makes " B " pin produce other signal in whole alarm condition process, for example, the 8Hz signal that has 31.25ms activation pulse width.If time-delay and tally function are not activated, and piezoelectric device is not detected, then module 1747 makes " B " pin produce other signal in whole alarm condition process, for example, has the 2Hz signal that 31.25ms activates pulse width.If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, and the operation counter also do not reach terminal and counts, and then module 1747 makes " B " pin first after detecting alarm condition demonstrate high impedance status during 4 seconds.In case time-delay in 4 seconds finishes, module 1747 makes " B " pin produce frequency with 2Hz " twitering " signal of conversion back and forth from 2kHz to 4kHz.
If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, and the end that the operation counter is in it counts, and then module 1747 makes " B " pin produce the constant 4kHz signal with general square shape in whole alarm condition process.If time-delay and tally function are not activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, then module 1747 makes the generation of " B " pin with the frequency of 2Hz " twitering " signal of conversion back and forth from 2kHz to 4kHz.
The module 1750 that is designated as " C " pin control circuit determined during the alarm condition with the situation of carrying out different test patterns under on " C " pin existing signal transmission form.
According to the TEST1 pattern, module 1750 is created in " C " pin and is equivalent to the signal that the following signal that will mention transmits situation to a great extent, and just sensor signal generator duty cycle is approximately 50% in this pattern.
According to the TEST2 pattern, module 1750 is created in " C " pin and is equivalent to the signal that the following signal that will mention transmits situation to a great extent, and just sensor signal generator duty cycle is approximately 50% in this pattern.
According to normal operational mode, module 1750 makes the generation of " C " pin have 3 unlike signal transformats, these forms depend on: (a) whether time-delay and tally function are activated, perhaps (b) whether delay time and counting properties be activated (not considering whether current operation is last operation), perhaps whether (c) piezoelectric buzzer (or other suitable electrical connections) is existed sensor to arrive by piezoelectric device.
If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, and the operation counter also do not reach terminal and counts, and then module 1750 makes " C " pin first after detecting alarm condition demonstrate high impedance status during 4 seconds.In case time-delay in 4 seconds finishes, then module 1750 makes " C " pin produce other signal, for example with the frequency of 2Hz " twitering " signal of conversion back and forth from 2kHz to 4kHz.If time-delay and tally function are activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, and the operation counter is in its terminal counting, then module 1750 makes " C " pin produce other signal, for example, first 4 seconds for alarm condition is a high impedance status, for the remaining part of alarm condition, succeeded by a constant 4kHz signal with general square shape.If time-delay and tally function are not activated, and piezoelectric device is detected, then module 1750 makes the generation of " C " pin with the frequency of 2Hz " twitering " signal of conversion back and forth from 2kHz to 4kHz.
Figure 21 A to 40 explanation other some embodiment of the present invention.In the decomposition diagram of Figure 21 A, disposable diaper 2100 comprises the inside piece 2104 that water permeable membrane constitutes, it is normally known and be called as covering substrate 2104 hereinafter, cover normally known and that be called as sandwich layer 2107 hereinafter, have the moisture absorption layer 2107 that the material of high absorbent capacity constitutes very much by the pad with very high absorption liquid ability or other.In one embodiment, sandwich layer 2107 can comprise granule or filament, and it has the polymkeric substance that keeps the moisture ability, for example polyacrylic acid.The electrode 2114 that a kind of electrical isolation plastic foil outside, impenetrable liquid water known and that be called as egative film 2110 hereinafter has two isolated conductions, these two electrodes be metal or other have the strip of the little surface area of having of electric conductivity, below be referred to as detecting electrode 2114, these two electrodes extend along the center of egative film 2110.Egative film 2110 also has a piece of cloth 2108 and a barrier sheet 2109.According to some embodiments of the present invention, detecting electrode 2114 and sandwich layer 2107, perhaps piece of cloth 2108, perhaps barrier sheet 2109 conduction contacts.According to another embodiment of the invention, detecting electrode 2114 contacts with sandwich layer 2107 along the inside surface projection of egative film 2110.According to another embodiment, detecting electrode 2114 is filament, thread or the metal wire of conduction.
This detecting electrode is connected to welding conduction region 2117, and this is referred to as coupling electrode 2117 below conduction region, and the detecting electrode 2114 and preparing of being used to be coupled is close to the signal between the detector module that the outside surface of egative film 2110 is provided with.Detector module has picks up (pickup) electrode, and each of this pickoff electrode is all in non-conductive mode, for example by capacitor, with corresponding connection electrode 2117 couplings.
A kind of random tissue layer 2108 can contact with sandwich layer 2107, and it is used to make moisture faster and spread out around sandwich layer 2107 more equably, and is used to make moisture to leave sandwich layer 2107 closely to contact with detecting electrode 2114.
A kind of random moisture blocking layer 2109 is inserted between the part and sandwich layer 2107 or tissue layer 2108 of detecting electrode 2114, and it can be used for preventing that the moisture of sandwich layer 2107 from arriving the localized area of detecting electrode 2114.If dissolve in water on restraining barrier 2109, its effect will be a kind of time-lag action before the part of being capped that arrives detecting electrode 2114 at moisture so.If restraining barrier 2109 is undissolved in water, its effect will be moisture in the requirement sandwich layer 2107 arrived detecting electrode 2114 before this moisture can the be detected periphery that is capped part so.
All the other all edges except that an edge along pocket are bonded at pocket small pieces 2112 on the egative film 2110.The position of pocket 2111 is set to the signal electrode that is in the pocket 2111 and aligns in the face of coupling electrode 2117 when a detector module is placed in wherein.The bonding region of pocket small pieces 2112 utilizes cross hatching to be discerned.If pocket small pieces 2112 are to be made of the rubber-like material, so, the device that is a bit larger tham the lax size of pocket 2111 inserts the not bonding portion distortion that will make pocket small pieces 2112 in the pocket.This will help such device that is inserted into is fitly kept going up in position, and tension force will be added in the zone under the not bonding portion that is positioned at little 2112 in pocket of egative film 2110.If pocket small pieces 2112 are to be made of stiff material, so, the combination of the distortion of distortion by egative film 2110 and the device itself that is inserted into can obtain same tension force and inserts reliably.According to an embodiment, a pair of coupling electrode 2117 and a pocket 2111 are located near the front or rear waistband of diaper 2100, and in another embodiment, such one group is set near two waistbands separately.
In the decomposition diagram of Figure 21 B, disposable diaper 2100 comprises a sensor restraining barrier 2119, on this restraining barrier, before being assembled on the egative film 2110, can printing detecting electrode 2114 and coupling electrode 2117 or they are assembled in advance.
Figure 22 A, 22B, 22C and 22D have demonstrated four kinds of possible structures of detecting electrode 2114 and coupling electrode 2117.These four kinds of structures represent to prepare the figure of the repetition that separates according to dotted line 2140.Dotted line 2140 can be corresponding to be separated from each other part near the terminal of diaper 2100 at production line of making on the machine direction, perhaps before being installed on the egative film 2110, separate part corresponding to the complete electrode 2114 and 2117 that prints or be assembled in advance on the restraining barrier, perhaps cut-off rule 2140 can simply be notional, is about to electrode 2114 and 2117 repeating groups and installs to part on the diaper of making on crisscross.
In Figure 22 A, detecting electrode 2114 disconnects, and every pair of detecting electrode 2114 has two pairs of coupling electrodes 2117.A pair of coupling electrode so just is provided near each waistband.In Figure 22 B, detecting electrode 2114 also disconnects, but every pair of detecting electrode 2114 has only a pair of coupling electrode 2117.So only near a waistband, provide a pair of coupling electrode.In Figure 22 C, detecting electrode 2114 is continuous, and every pair of detecting electrode 2114 has two pairs of coupling electrodes 2117.A pair of coupling electrode so just is provided near each waistband.In Figure 22 D, detecting electrode 2114 is continuous, and every pair of detecting electrode 2114 has only a pair of coupling electrode 2117.So only near a waistband, provide a pair of coupling electrode.
Detecting electrode 2114 can be filament, metal wire, textile thread, band, sheet metal, fiber or the film made from conductive material.Detecting electrode 2114 can have the conductive fill agent material, coated with conductive material, perhaps have through conversion processing or Gai Manke filament, textile thread, band, fiber or the film on the surface of described surface conduction performance are provided.Detecting electrode 2114 can be got the form of textile thread, and this textile thread comprises continuous or discontinuous conductive filament of length or metal wire, with conductive filament or metal wire parcel, with the conductive material dipping or with the material soaking that contains the conductive fill agent material.Detecting electrode 2114 can be the conduction or (for example contain the conductive fill agent material, thermoplastic, wax-like materials, paste material, colloidal materials, latex, binder or ink-like materials), can utilize method such as printing, roll extrusion or extruding optionally to be coated to lip-deep or join material liquid or plasticity in the absorption bases.
Detecting electrode 2114 can utilize by means of giving those parts of mentioning technology with electric conductivity, and optionally the mode of the some parts on the surface of conversion or cover film, fiber or textile material forms.Detecting electrode 2114 can provide multiple mode by isolated conductive region (electrode) to form with continuous pellicula by for example by means of the skin that grinds or photoetching technique is removed continuous conductive coating selectively or transformed from the surface of membraneous material.Detecting electrode 2114 can be by for example by means of the method for pressing mold-cutting, optionally remove the some parts of electrode film, fiber or textile material, so as by film, the continuous device of fiber or textile material provides the mode of the multiple isolated device of opening (electrode) to form.
Detecting electrode 2114 can be multiple, because each that forms two a pair of electrodes can have more than one bundle conductor, band, silver etc., and because these numerous devices can have different structures.
Figure 23 A and 23B have described a kind of two embodiment of electrode structure, in the kind electrode structure, a plurality of independently electrodes 2314 and 2317 can one work and form some to electrode corresponding to detecting electrode 2114 among Figure 21 A and 21B and Figure 22 A to 22D and coupling electrode 2117 effectively.In Figure 23 A, the width of electrode is even, and therein, those parts that are used as coupling electrode 2317 in these electrodes are those parts that are positioned at coupled zone 2316.In Figure 23 B, detecting electrode 2314 is narrower than coupling electrode 2317.Become the series of parallel element to be used to provide electrode design for the big insensitivity of aiming at the shifting deviation between pocket 2111 and the coupling electrode 2117.
Figure 24,25 and 26 has described and electrode three possible structure sketches relevant with respect to being provided with of other layers in diaper 2100.Each figure is across a single coupling electrode 2117 and front view that comprised all layers except that pocket 2111 on perpendicular to the direction of detecting electrode 2117.These figure are simplified to such degree: do not describe some binder coating and some other typical and possible technology, and do not provide the indication about each layer processing, because they are in beyond the drawn zone.
In Figure 24, egative film 2110 has been coated with structural adhesive layer 2133, has the detecting electrode 2114 that is layed on the structural adhesive 2133, having its orientation makes conductive coating 2118 face detecting electrode 2114, be born against the coupling electrode 2117 on detecting electrode 2114, has the tissue layer 2108 that is squeezed on electrode 2114 and 2117 both scopes, has the sandwich layer 2107 on the tissue layer of being squeezed in 2108 scopes, at last, has the overlayer 2104 that is squeezed on the sandwich layer 2107.
Conducting liquid, pastel, putty-like thing or pulverulent solids material can be deposited in the slit 2130 that contacts with coupling electrode with detecting electrode.
Figure 25 is different from Figure 24 part and only is that restraining barrier 2119 is to be added between tissue layer 2108 and detecting electrode 2114 and the coupling electrode 2117.
In Figure 26, the side that detecting electrode 2114 has binder 2135 has been extruded on the egative film 2110, and a side that has a conductive coating 2118 outwardly.Fabric 2108 is with structural adhesive 2133 spraying, and detecting electrode 2114 has been routed on the structural adhesive 2133 in the fabric 2108, and like this, the fabric 2108 that has detecting electrode 2114 has been pressed down on the egative film 2100 that has coupling electrode 2117.This just makes the conductive coating 2118 on the coupling electrode 2117 contact with detecting electrode 2114.Sandwich layer 2107 is extruded on the existing structure, and the most at last overlayer 2104 be expressed to sandwich layer 2107 above.
Conducting liquid, pastel, putty-like thing or pulverulent solids material can be deposited in the slit 2130 that contacts with coupling electrode with detecting electrode.
Figure 27 and 28 has described two feasible designs of detecting electrode 2114 and coupling electrode 2117, and these electrodes are inserted among the sandwich layer 2107 therein.In both cases, detecting electrode 2114 and coupling electrode 2117 are printed to or are assembled in advance on the carrier layer 2119, and are placed among the sandwich layer 2107, and the end that has a coupling electrode 2117 is outstanding by its end.In Figure 27, coupling electrode 2117 will be assembled on the egative film 2110 in a near zone the waistband that does not have sandwich layer 2107.In Figure 28, the part that carrier 2119 has coupling electrode folding backward on sandwich layer 2107, and therefore in the diaper of making 2100 it be placed in sandwich layer below.
Shown in Figure 29 is the detailed structure that is bonded at the pocket 2111 on the egative film 2110, demonstrates around the bonding region at all edges except that an edge of pocket cover sheet 2112.
Figure 30 is identical with Figure 29, just Figure 30 has illustrated a kind of method of strengthening the not bonded edge of pocket 2111, therein, before bonding to pocket 2111 on the egative film 2110 or simultaneously, not being bonded to edge on the egative film 2110 is folded one or many and bonds on self on himself.In another embodiment, by an independent strip material is adhered to the edge of opening of strengthening pocket 2111 on the pocket 2111.
Figure 31 has described to fold and has had the carrier-pellet 2119 of electrode 2114 and 2117 so that shorten the situation of its length.When carrier-pellet being assembled on the diaper 2100 or before the assembling, can carry out Z-shaped folding to this material.
Figure 32 has described a kind of device that is used for removing from carrier-pellet 2119 conductive coating 2118.Here, rubber wheel 2210 rotate so that on the direction opposite with its moving direction grinding carrier-pellet 2119.
Figure 33 has described one and has been used for detecting electrode 2114 is attached to device on the structural adhesive 2133 on the egative film 2110.Metal bobbin 3305 is equipped with and suitable presents, braking and discontinuous (anti-run-on) device.The detecting electrode 2114 that is wire-like passes direction control pin 3315 around tensioning drum 3,310 one circle or multi-turns, and is pulled on the described stock footage band by the mobile of stock footage band 2210.For clarity sake also demonstrate pocket 2111 and front adhesive tape 2102 in addition.Egative film passes through from drum 3320.
Figure 34 has described a device that is used for removing from the core that coats the yarn 3414 that forms electrode 2114 with the metal wire rotation non-conductive fiber.Gas fuel source 3405 is given burner 3415 with gas.Air damper 3410 is in parallel with source of the gas 3405.Incendiary source 3420 can be lighted flame 3417.Yarn 3414 is pulled by the space directly over the flame, and modulation flame makes it gasified and partial melting in non-conductive fiber gasification, fusion or part in the yarn core.Formed exposed metal wire sections can be improved same conductive surface, and for example coupling electrode 2117, contact.
Figure 35 has illustrated at the example that is had a module 3504 of pickoff electrode 3507 by pocket bar 2112 in the pocket 2111 that egative film 2110 forms.The position of pickoff electrode 3507 toward each other, and non-conductive and capacitive is coupled to coupling electrode 2117, coupling electrode 2117 is across egative film 2110.For clarity sake thickness is exaggerated.
Figure 36 and 37 has described and has been typical, spins fibrage 2110A and thin layer 2110B is that constitute and that have a rectangle, the part of an embodiment of the egative film 2110 of two composition textile-like sheets, 2110 forms of treated part 3613 by non-.Treated part 3613 comprises the non-integrated substrate that spins fibrage 2110A and thin layer 2110B formation.This processing is used to improve specific inductive capacity and reduces the thickness of the part of handling 3613, and makes it be more suitable for bonding in later pocket material.Part 3613 processing can be by means of the finishing of heat with hyperacoustic method, comparatively desirable method is a supercritical ultrasonics technology.
In Figure 36, as indicated by existing of front adhesive tape 2102, treated part 3613 is positioned near the front portion of center and waistband.According to other embodiment, can also processed part be arranged on low back or other parts of diaper as a kind of mode other or that add.For a kind of given diaper structure, the position of treated part 3613 is often with identical in the position of the pocket 2111 shown in other each different figure.
Figure 37 illustrates except that in treated part 3613, separates with egative film rete 2110B and the non-fiber that spins layer 2110A of egative film of random orientation above it.Show two kinds of materials therein and be combined into integrated substrate.
Remove outside the egative film rete 2110B,, embed the other materials that sealant is included in any side of one of both sides of being added to part 3613 before handling according to some embodiments of the present invention.This additional materials can be and the compatible thermoplastic film of egative film rete 2110B, and perhaps it can be the material of the share of other solid thermoplastic materials that can be used to improve the salable non-fiber that spins egative film rete 2110A.
Figure 38 has described a kind of basis that is used to finish to the ultrasonic unit of the processing of part 3613.Egative film 2110 is transmitted on roller 3855 continuously, and the non-layer 2104B that spin is normally in the face of ultrasound wave contact 3850.Periodically be ultrasound wave contact 3850 power supply, make it energy to be supplied with egative film 2110 by the uniform time interval strides across it with the uniform time cycle thickness.The even length of doing the narrow of the whole width that has guaranteed egative film 2110 like this obtains handling according to uniform space interval.According to one embodiment of present invention, use a kind of rotary contact to replace stationary contacts, so that avoid egative film 2110 on contact, to be difficult to the danger of clearing up.
In each embodiment of Figure 21 A to 38, the making of diaper can be in the following way: each parts shown in the construction drawing, for example parts 2104,2107,2110,2111,2112,2114 and 2117, with the binder or other bonding modes that are fit to these component-assembled are got up, obtain illustrated device, then their shape is processed into the shape of common diaper.The order of making or assemble these parts can change according to wright's needs.
Common manufacture craft can comprise the steps: to make has outside surface and inside surface so that produce the outside of diaper and the egative film that does not see through liquid of the inside of diaper; Make the structure division that absorbs liquid and will absorb the structure division of liquid near the egative film setting; Be manufactured with flexible pocket and pocket bonded on the outside surface of egative film, so that hold detector module; Among the inside that makes detecting electrode and detecting electrode is placed diaper along the direction of extending in the face of the elasticity pocket and egative film and the inside surface that the structure division of absorption liquid contacts, so that make detecting electrode and detector module capacitive coupling; Above various piece is fitted together with bonding way; And product is processed into diaper shape.Any one part can be carried out bonding in any stage of this technology.
Finish made with each device that assembled so that realize the described structure of each width of cloth figure, this as following described.By this assembly is processed into diaper shape, and at waist with shank increases resilient material and reinforcing strip 2130 is carried out this process, so that make the diaper of Figure 39.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, diaper production is used automatic machinery, and in this machine, component materials is to be supplied with by roller or the other materials source that is positioned at some productions of production line.In an example, egative film arrives a station that single diaper is separated from one another with the total length of material tape running by production line always.Yet, egative film can be inserted among some.Other ingredients are by continuously, add up individually, and perhaps the form of assembling assembly in advance with the part appends on the egative film 2110.Station in service in the assembling that a typical machine is handled, as to be sent at the stock footage band downcuts and is placed into the outside of egative film 2110 and the outside of pocket 2111 being downcut and adheres to by certain position egative film 2110 with the front adhesive tape.Binder is coated onto the zone of preparing to be provided with coupling electrode 2117, detecting electrode 2114 is sent to, with coupling electrode 2117 cuttings and location, structural adhesive is coated onto on the whole surface, installs leg and waistband resilient material additional, then, the absorption pad that off-line is made is placed between the material band and covering layer material 2104 of tissue layer 2109, send to and fix, then with the egative film cutting forming, so that the fork is narrowed down.At last, single diaper is cut down, separate, folding, and pack.If desired, can change the order of these steps.
An automatic machinery shown in Figure 40.Therein, production line 4101 accept to form the fabric (prefabricated or still uncut) of egative film from egative film fabric (web) source.Production line 4101 or prefabricated egative film is moved along production line, perhaps cutting fabric forms egative film.The material composition of liquid absorbent layer material source 4107 supply production lines 4101 liquid absorbent layers (or individually, or as a unit; Or prefabricated, or linear sheet material).The member that production line 4101 will absorb liquid is adhered on the egative film of being made by fabric.Production line 4101 prefabricated or uncut elasticity pockets are supplied with in elasticity pocket material source 4110, and production line 4101 is adhered to the elasticity pocket on the egative film of being made by fabric.The detecting electrode under production line 4101 states local or that be shaped is fully supplied with in detecting electrode fabric source 4114, and production line is bonded in them on the position that is fit to that contacts and face pocket with the Liquid Absorption member.Resilient material source 4117 provides resilient material to production line 4101, and production line installs resilient material additional, and cutting forming is a state shown in Figure 39.Production line also separates, the Amscomatic diaper.According to various embodiments of the present invention, each material source 4104,4107,4110,4114 and 4117 adopts different positions, and the result makes can change processing sequence.Bonding can this technological process except that shown in those stages some stages carry out.In addition, any one among the material source 4104,4107,4110,4114 and 4117 can also be supplied with material prefabricated or that part is prefabricated, and production line also uses these materials.Provide uncompleted or processed under the situation of a part of parts at these material sources, production line finally machines these parts.
According to some embodiment of the present invention, detecting electrode be made into following any one or multiple:
Filament, metal wire, textile thread, band, paillon foil, fiber or the film made by conductive material;
Contain conductive material, coated with conductive material or have through the surface of conversion process or with making the surface have filament, textile thread, band, fiber or the film of the material coating of electric conductivity;
Comprise the filament of conduction continuous or discontinuous length or fine rule, with the filament of conduction or fine rule is that twine, that coat with conductive material or with the textile thread of the material coating that contains conductive filler;
The conduction or (for example contain the conductive fill agent material, thermoplastic, wax-like materials, paste material, colloidal materials, latex, binder or ink-like materials), can utilize method such as printing, roll extrusion or extruding optionally to be coated to lip-deep or join material liquid or plasticity in the absorption bases;
By means of giving those parts of mentioning technology, the optionally some parts on the surface of conversion or cover film, fiber or textile material with electric conductivity;
By means of the skin that grinds or photoetching technique is removed continuous conductive coating selectively or transformed from the surface of membraneous material, provide multiple by isolated conductive region (electrode) with continuous pellicula;
By means of the method for pressing mold-cutting, optionally remove the some parts of electrode film, fiber or textile material so that by film, the continuous device of fiber or textile material provides the multiple isolated device of opening (electrode);
Electrode can be got many strips; And
Each electrode can comprise a plurality of conductors.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, following one or more steps are carried out in fixedly comprising of electrode:
Conductive material is coated with or is layed onto on the surface of film, fiber or textile material, and therein, described surface can be an egative film, perhaps subsequent described film, fiber or textile material can being layed onto on the described egative film; And
For example add pad, fabric or other component layers by weaving or stacking.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, coupling electrode is made of following one or more materials:
Band, paillon foil, fiber, fabric or the film made by conductive material;
Contain conductive material, coated with conductive material or have through the surface of conversion process or with making the surface have band, fiber, fabric or the film of the material coating of electric conductivity;
Electric conductivity, perhaps have band, paillon foil, fabric or the membraneous material of one or two conductive surface, therein, described structure can at random be transparent or translucent;
The conduction or (for example contain the conductive fill agent material, thermoplastic, wax-like materials, paste material, colloidal materials, latex, binder or ink-like materials), can utilize method such as printing, roll extrusion or extruding optionally to be coated to lip-deep or join material liquid or plasticity in the absorption bases;
By means of giving those parts of mentioning technology, the optionally some parts on the surface of conversion or cover film, fiber or textile material with electric conductivity;
By means of the method for sputter or heat steam deposition with the conductive material some parts on the surface of coated film, fiber or textile material optionally;
From the surface selectivity of membraneous material the skin removing continuous conductive coating or transformed so that provide a plurality of electrodes by continuous coating diaphragm;
Optionally remove the some parts of electrode film, fiber or textile material by means of the method for pressing mold-cutting, so that provide a plurality of electrode members by the continuous device of filming; And
Electrode can be got many strips.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, being connected of each coupling electrode and each detecting electrode can be following one or more:
Being coated to coupling electrode, detecting electrode or electrode by printing, transfer, heat bonding or other mode, to prepare bonding other lip-deep, the connection that is formed by the electric conductivity binder;
Form connection by the physics contact, therein, detecting electrode is placed between coupling electrode and another surface, and therein, non-conductive binder is painted on described other surface, and the fixing described coupling electrode in described other surface is to described other surface; And
Utilization and being connected that the existence of detecting electrode and conducting liquid, pastel, putty-like thing or the pulverulent solids material of coupling electrode contact is strengthened arbitrarily.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described detecting electrode and coupling electrode and combination can be following one or more:
Deposit or be assembled in advance the electrode pattern on carrier thin film, fiber or the fabric, therein, electrode pattern can be in machine run direction or laterally repetition continuously on a roll of material, and therein, electrode pattern can be at one end or two ends by several detecting electrodes and coupling electrode to constituting, when printing, the printing ink that is used for detecting electrode and coupling electrode can have different electric conductivity; And
Along the uniform electrode of its whole length width, therein, can electrode be set by the mode of between the part of finishing measuring ability and egative film, inserting one or more layers electrolyte, utilize the susceptibility of such method reduction to condition beyond the diaper, therein, electrode can be got many strips;
According to one embodiment of present invention, described pocket can be made according to one or more following modes:
Comprise flexible or stiff, solid or foamed, film like or fibrous material so that obtain indeformable basically product; Comprise not having flexible film or fibrous material basically, so that obtain resilient deformable product, product is transparent or opaque, is printed with or does not have print surface or an auxiliary surface (sub-surface);
By quite little material small pieces are directly pasted on the egative film along all edges except that an edge, but paste the gluing of surfaces of second patch material, for example be added to that label on the egative film or the mode on the adhesive tape of front make;
With a preparation as the edge of the patch material of edge of opening before it being pasted on the diaper or second patch material by roll extrusion or self paste the reinforced cut-out edge;
By being pasted preparation before it being pasted on the diaper chassis or second patch material, a reinforcement material bar strengthens this edge of opening as the mode on the edge of the patch material of edge of opening; And
On transparent material, print, be formed on to launch fully or to change when article that pocket had respective shapes occupy and cover and make the visuals that to see electrode from the outside of diaper;
According to some embodiments of the present invention, pocket is installed at one or more in may further comprise the steps on the egative film:
Direct hot sticky subsides or ultrasound wave are pasted;
Thermoplasticity or thermosetting adhesive are pasted;
Use is as the binder that is subjected to common top layer of overstocking on the pocket material, and electing property ground is pasted;
The binder that use is optionally printed on pocket material allows to paste by electing property of heating Zone Full ground;
The binder film that use stacks jointly with pocket, electing property ground is pasted;
With the binder printing or be sprayed on the stock footage;
Directly paste on the egative film, egative film can be printed, and is formed on can launch fully or change when article that pocket had respective shapes occupy and cover from the outside of diaper to make the visuals that can not see electrode;
Paste a label that is added on the egative film, label can be opaque, makes not see electrode; Label can be various opaque materials;
Use the various opaque coating on transparent or the various opaque materials;
Can printed label, be formed on can launch fully or change when article that pocket had respective shapes occupy and cover and make the visuals that can not see electrode from the outside of diaper; And
Common indeformable pocket is used the distortion mould, so that obtain confining force and tension force;
Side lever on the mould starts one or more switches, holds one or more batteries, and the tension force to the side of pocket is provided;
According to some embodiments of the present invention, any one below control gear is handled or a plurality of method:
Detecting electrode and urinate the zone near absorbing material between one deck dash film is set arrive described electrode so that prevent moisture, up to sandwich layer acquire a certain degree saturated till;
One deck is set between detecting electrode and absorbing material can makes water-soluble dash film of going into, so that a period of time time-delay was provided before moisture arrives detecting electrode; And
Change the length or the space of detecting electrode, perhaps the both changes, so that change the speed of necessary degree of saturation of sandwich layer and moisture arrival electrode.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, structure and orientation relate to the assembling various piece, to obtain following any one or a plurality of structural order:
Egative film/structural adhesive/detecting electrode/film coupling electrode/sandwich layer;
Egative film/PSA/ detecting electrode/film coupling electrode/sandwich layer;
Egative film/structural adhesive/detecting electrode/film coupling electrode/tissue layer/sandwich layer;
Egative film/PSA/ detecting electrode/film coupling electrode/tissue layer/sandwich layer;
Egative film/PSA/ detecting electrode/film coupling electrode/structural adhesive/tissue layer; And
Egative film/printing coupling electrode/detecting electrode/structural adhesive/tissue layer.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, manufacture method relates to following any one or a plurality of step:
Regulate the detecting electrode of combination and the length of coupling electrode, make it to be complementary with various diaper length, here, described compound electrode at first is deposited on or is assembled in advance two ends and has on carrier thin film, fiber or the fabric of coupling electrode, by along the horizontal two-fold of carrier film (be commonly referred to Z-folding), mode implement described adjusting, for example or roughly in cutting and compound electrode is arranged in the process on the diaper chassis;
Remove the vestige in the conductive coating on the coupling electrode material, provide a plurality of electrodes with the continuous coating diaphragm by grinding;
Pivoting friction wheel, for example rubber;
Rotate Grinding wheel, for example be coated with abrasive material aluminium;
Rotate metal fine or fibre winding wheel, for example brass wire or polyester line reel;
One or more blade edges, its orientation make can scraping rather than backing-off cutting material surface;
Utilize electric spark;
Utilize light ray, for example send by laser instrument;
By electrode material is loosened from line wheel or axle, coupling electrode is added in the diaper;
Therein, the coupling electrode material is cut, cuts off and be provided with;
Therein, electrode material can have the conductive adhesive coating;
Therein, scribble on it coupling electrode other the layer also can have binder coating;
Therein, binder can be pressure-sensitive, or thermal activation, and is transparent or opaque;
By the mode that electrically conductive ink is printed on the egative film coupling electrode is set;
Handle at machine under the situation of the diaper of making, detecting electrode is arranged in the diaper by the mode of utilizing egative film that electrode material is loosened;
Therein, by electrode material being placed on the mode on the structural adhesive that is coated in the opening on the egative film in advance, and, electrode material is fixed on the egative film by before being coated with structural adhesive, being placed on electrode material on the egative film and making its keep the mode of tensioning;
Therein, be used for the same blade that diaper is separated from one another or some blades, and utilize the scraper edge in the waistband district electric current to be added between the quite little span of detecting electrode, ask at diaper detecting electrode is cut off;
By cutting and mode that the long electrode material is set detecting electrode is packed in the diaper;
Therein, by electrode material being placed on the mode on the structural adhesive that is coated in the opening on the egative film in advance, and, electrode material is fixed on the egative film by before being coated with structural adhesive, being placed on electrode material on the egative film and making its keep the mode of tensioning;
Therein, use one or more blades, jet water course, flame or light beam, for example the light beam that is sent by the laser instrument away from non-conductive fiber is cut into certain length with long electrode material (containing or be coated with the continuous line segment of one or more conductive fibers or metal fine);
Use flame,
Therein, regulate flame height and intensity by direct adjusting to air-flow;
Therein, the vertical valve opening of connecting with air-flow by control carries out flow rate regulation;
Therein, by the piston in the mobile cylinder or have the mode of the barrier film in the cavity of a vertical single inlet in parallel with air-flow, spray flow velocity by the air-flow of regulating cross flow (cross-flowing), by regulating the flow that flows into horizontal vacuum inlet, or the combination by above means, carry out flow rate regulation;
Therein, periodically interdict flame, at random regulate air-flow simultaneously by solid or screen tray with perforation;
Therein, use flame intermittently, this is undertaken by following manner:
By moving nozzle, at random regulate air-flow simultaneously;
By using thermal current to spray (utilizing similar means to regulate or interruption);
By using the light beam through ovennodulation, for example laser beam;
By using jet water course.Therein, use injection intermittently, at random regulate flow simultaneously by moving nozzle;
According to some embodiments of the present invention, coating material comprises and mixes following one or more materials:
Arbitrarily density, the electrically-conducting paint metal, for example, Ni, NiCr, nickel clothing aluminium (NioverAl), Sn;
Produce conductor oxidate transparent, conductive coating arbitrarily, ITO for example, ATO, ZnO;
Mix metal and oxide, generation sandwich construction transparent, conductive coating, for example Al arbitrarily
2O
3/ Ag/ITO.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, electrode material according to or adopt following any one or several different methods to make:
By keep moist with one or more thereby be Ionized and conduction salt, for example lime chloride and sodium chloride, or lithium chloride and sodium chloride soak into fiber, make fiber become to conduction; Why this potpourri keeps humidity to be because it has moisture pick-up properties; And
The putty-like thing of conduction is made of conductive fiber and oil-based materials, by one or more thickening agents of random adding, rosin for example, and become more viscous.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, about other aspects of structure and method relate to following one or more devices or step:
With smooth coating, paraffin for example applies the article in the pocket of preparing to pack into; And
With smooth material, silicone oil for example applies the inside surface of pocket.
When describing some embodiments of the present invention in detail, to those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from marrow of the present invention and scope, can adopt other modes to implement the present invention, this is conspicuous.
Claims (77)
1. moist detecting device that is used to detect the electrolysis moisture in the first area, described first area is soaked by moisture, and this detecting device comprises:
First electrode that stretches into described first area;
One separates and stretches into second electrode of described first area with described first electrode; And
A pick-up unit that is in second area; this device is protected thereby be not subjected to the influence of the moisture in the described first area; and be coupled with each of non-conductive mode and described electrode; and in response to the described impedance between electrodes that is in the described first area; so that moisturize and the electrolysis of moisture when the electrode in the described first area is coupled, produce a signal in described first area.
2. moist detecting device according to claim 1, wherein, described pick-up unit and the coupling of described first and second electrode capacitances.
3. moist detecting device according to claim 1, wherein, described pick-up unit comprises: first conductor, it is in the described second area, thereby the protected influence that is not subjected to the moisture in the described first area, and with the coupling of described first electrode capacitance; With second conductor, it is in the described second area, the protected influence that is not subjected to the moisture in the described first area, and with the coupling of described second capacitance of conductor.
4. moist detecting device according to claim 1, wherein, described pick-up unit comprises: a transformation source, it and the non-conductive coupling of described first and second electrodes; With a signal output, it reduces in response to described impedance between electrodes.
5. moist detecting device according to claim 2, wherein, described pick-up unit comprises the transformation source and the signal output that are coupled with described first and second electrode capacitances.
6. moist detecting device according to claim 3, wherein, described pick-up unit comprises a transformation source that is connected with described first and second conductors, and comprises the signal output in response to the minimizing of the resistance between the described electrode.
7. moist detecting device according to claim 1, wherein, described sensor comprises the signal output in response to the minimizing of the resistance between the described electrode.
8. moist detecting device according to claim 7, wherein, described signal output can be listened.
9. moist detecting device according to claim 7, wherein, described signal output is visual.
10. moist detecting device according to claim 7, wherein, described signal output is the radiowave form.
11. moist detecting device according to claim 7, wherein, described signal output is the infrared radiation form.
12. moist detecting device according to claim 7, wherein, described coupling is capacitive, described sensor has a pair of planar conductor that fixedly separates, and described electrode has respectively and the capacity coupled a pair of pulvilliform conductor that fixedly separates of described planar conductor, in the described pair of conductors one greater than described in the conductor another, does not change the electric capacity between the described conductor to allow described conductor can not align each other.
13. a diaper, this diaper comprises:
An absorption portion;
An anti-liquid part, it has first and second and embeds described absorption portion along described first;
A pocket that is on described second of described anti-liquid part;
One first electrode, this electrode extends along described absorption portion, and along relative with described pocket described anti-liquid part described first outstanding;
One second electrode, this electrode and described first electrode isolation are opened, and extend along described absorption portion, and along the described anti-liquid part relative with described pocket described first outstanding;
Described first electrode is outstanding along the described absorption portion relative with described pocket with described second electrode, and with described pocket insulation in case with described pocket in the non-conductive coupling of device;
14. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode has the part that be exaggerated relative with described pocket.
15. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode is plated on the plastic material.
16. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode is the conductive region that is on the permeable substrate.
17. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode is the tinsel of conduction.
18. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode is the conductive fiber that is woven in the absorbing material.
19. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described electrode is printed on the described anti-water section.
20. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described pocket is equipped with a sensor with the non-conductive coupling of described electrode.
21. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described pocket is equipped with a sensor that is coupled with described electrode capacitance.
22. diaper according to claim 20, wherein, described sensor comprises that a transformation source and one play the alarm that the resistance between the described electrode reduces in response to what urine drew.
23. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described sensor comprises a pair of tabular device across described anti-liquid conduction part, relative with described electrode.
24. diaper according to claim 13, wherein, described coupling is capacitive, described sensor has a pair of planar conductor that fixedly separates, and described electrode have a pair of respectively with the capacity coupled cushion conductor that fixedly separates of described planar conductor, described conductor among one greater than wherein another, so that allow described conductor can not align and don't change electric capacity between described conductor each other.
25. moist detecting device, the pocket in the diaper waterproof jacket outside is used for packing into, described diaper has absorbing agent and a pair of extending in the described absorbing agent, and the electrode that extends along the waterproof jacket relative with described pocket, and described moist detecting device comprises:
A transformation source;
A pair ofly separate each other, near the device in the described waterproof jacket outside in the described pocket; And in response to the low-impedance alarm that detects between the described conductive devices.
26. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is an audibility.
27. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is an electro permanent magnetic.
28. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is visual.
29. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is the radiowave form.
30. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is the infrared radiation form.
31. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described device is tabular, is used for the electrode capacitance coupling with diaper.
32. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described device is inductive, is used for the electrode inductive coupling with diaper.
33. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described detecting device also comprises a casing, and described casing has the edge of splaying with tilt.
34. detecting device according to claim 33, wherein, described casing comprises an extraction apparatus fin (extractor tab).
35. detecting device according to claim 33, wherein, described casing comprises a spring-load switch.
36. detecting device according to claim 33, wherein, described casing comprises a curved surface.
37. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm produces the tactile sensing vibration.
38. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is an audibility.
39. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is visual.
40. detecting device according to claim 25, wherein, described alarm is that available electro permanent magnetic detects.
41. a method of making diaper, this method comprises:
Make a liquid-tight egative film, so that form the outside of described diaper and the inside of described diaper with an outside surface and an inside surface;
A structure that absorbs liquid is bonded on the described inside surface of described egative film;
An elasticity pocket is bonded on the described outside surface of described egative film, so that hold a detector module;
With detecting electrode be positioned over described diaper inside and with the inside of the inside surface that is bonded to the contacted described egative film of liquid absorbing structure on the described egative film, and its direction is along extending with respect to the direction of the elasticity pocket that is bonded in the described egative film outside, so that make described detecting electrode and described detector module capacitive coupling.
42. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, the bonding step of described liquid absorbing structure comprises that the inner sandwich layer that will absorb moisture places on the aquiclude, and permeable thin layer is placed on the described inner sandwich layer.
43. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, putting the step that described detecting electrode is set comprises: will constitute the part of described detecting electrode and have the coupling electrode of wide conductive region, and bond to the end near the described detecting electrode of the inside surface of the described egative film relative with described elasticity pocket.
44. according to the described method of claim 42, wherein, the bonding step of described liquid absorbing structure comprises: will disperse the tissue layer of moisture to place between the inner sandwich layer of described egative film on the described detecting electrode and described absorption moisture.
45. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, the bonding step of described liquid absorbing structure comprises: fluid-tight restraining barrier is placed between the described and inner sandwich layer of described detecting electrode part, so that limit the electrode part of the effect that will be subjected to water.
46. according to the described method of claim 43, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: described detecting electrode and the same sensor carrier of described coupling electrode are fitted together, and described sensor carrier are bonded on the described egative film.
47. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: one continuously row to form a plurality of detecting electrodes right, and before being opposite to each detecting electrode in the diaper with these detecting electrodes pair and other detecting electrode to separating.
48. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: by the skin of removing continuous conductive coating from the surface of membraneous material selectively or being transformed, form described detecting electrode, so that the conductive region that provides a plurality of and continuous coated diaphragm to insulate.
49., wherein, place among the described diaper step among the inside surface with described egative film to comprise described detecting electrode: to form each detecting electrode by a plurality of parallel filament-like elements according to the described method of claim 41.
50. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place among the described diaper step among the inside surface with described egative film to comprise described detecting electrode: to form the detecting electrode that constitutes by filamentary element that contacts with the smooth conductor of the described coupling electrode of formation, described smooth conductor by pinching near detecting electrode, described tissue layer is overlayed on described detecting electrode and the described coupling electrode by pinching, described inner sandwich layer is overlayed on the described tissue layer by pinching, and described tissue layer is overlayed on the inner sandwich layer by pinching.
51. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, the step of placing described detecting electrode comprises: a kind of conductive material is placed in the space of adjoining described detecting electrode.
52. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: described detecting electrode is inserted within the described inner sandwich layer.
53. according to the described method of claim 42, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: described detecting electrode is inserted within the described inner sandwich layer, and makes the end of described electrode extend to the outside of the inner sandwich layer between described inner sandwich layer and the described egative film.
54. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: by from have conductive layer the non-conducting material band grind off the mode of the part of conductive layer, form described detecting electrode.
55. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: by conductive filament being placed the mode on the binder on the egative film, form described detecting electrode.
56. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, place described detecting electrode among the described diaper and the inside surface of described egative film among step comprise: the mode by round yarn rotation clad metal line forms described detecting electrode.
57. according to the described method of claim 41, wherein, the step that forms described egative film comprises: form described egative film from the ingredient of two cementation laminateds, and the part of described pocket is handled, make that this part of this pocket is thinner than the remainder of described egative film.
58. according to the described method of claim 57, wherein, the step of handling the pocket place part of described egative film comprises ultrasonic Treatment.
59. a device of making diaper, this device comprises:
Be used to make egative film, thereby form the inside of the outside described diaper of described diaper, and comprise the device of an egative film carrier with an outside surface and an inside surface;
A metal drum, braking and anti-(anti-run-on) setting device of operation continuously of adjoining described egative film carrier;
Aim at the described setting device on the described egative film carrier and be in metal wire direction control pin on the path of leading to described egative film;
Be used for a tissue layer is bonded to the device of the inside surface of described egative film and metal wire; And
Be used for an elasticity pocket is bonded in the outside surface of described egative film, so that hold the device of a detector module.
60. according to the described method of claim 59, wherein, the described device that is used for bonding pocket comprises a thinner egative film attenuate device that is used to make near the part change place, location of this pocket of egative film.
61. a moist detecting device comprises:
A transformation source;
A pair of isolated each other conductive devices is used to be placed near the zone of wetness to be detected;
An alarm is led in response to the electricity that detects between the described conductive devices; And
A counter is used for the number of times of count detection to humidity.
62. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm can be heard.
63. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm is visual.
64. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm can be heard and can see.
65. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described device is tabular, is used for the electrode capacitance coupling with the zone of moisture to be detected.
66. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described detecting device further comprises a casing, described casing has the edge of splaying with tilt.
67. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 66, wherein, described casing comprises an extraction apparatus fin.
68. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 66, wherein, described casing comprises one or more telescopic handles.
69. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 66, wherein, described casing comprises one or more curved surfaces, therein, described handle can be equipped with spring.
70. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm can be seen.
71. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm can be seen.
72. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described counter makes to detect after predetermined counts and stops.
73. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described source comprises that a duty cycle is less than 50% signal generator.
74. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described source comprises that a duty cycle is less than 1/2000 signal generator.
75. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm comprises a LED scintillater circuit.
76. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm comprises a piezoelectricity tone generator.
77. according to the described moist detecting device of claim 61, wherein, described alarm comprises that there is sensor in a piezoelectricity that detects the piezo-electric device existence.
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/646,453 | 1996-05-07 | ||
| US08/646,453 US5760694A (en) | 1996-05-07 | 1996-05-07 | Moisture detecting devices such as for diapers and diapers having such devices |
| US66519996A | 1996-06-14 | 1996-06-14 | |
| US08/665,199 | 1996-06-14 | ||
| US66368696A | 1996-08-14 | 1996-08-14 | |
| US08/663,686 | 1996-08-14 | ||
| US70001196A | 1996-08-20 | 1996-08-20 | |
| US08/700,011 | 1996-08-20 | ||
| US77334396A | 1996-12-26 | 1996-12-26 | |
| US08/773,343 | 1996-12-26 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01132401A Division CN1380547A (en) | 1996-05-07 | 2001-08-30 | Wet dampness detection device for diaper and diaper with said device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1226855A true CN1226855A (en) | 1999-08-25 |
| CN1083331C CN1083331C (en) | 2002-04-24 |
Family
ID=27542039
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97196194A Expired - Fee Related CN1083331C (en) | 1996-05-07 | 1997-05-06 | Moisture detecting devices such as for diapers and diapers having such devices |
| CN01132401A Pending CN1380547A (en) | 1996-05-07 | 2001-08-30 | Wet dampness detection device for diaper and diaper with said device |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01132401A Pending CN1380547A (en) | 1996-05-07 | 2001-08-30 | Wet dampness detection device for diaper and diaper with said device |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0897570A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002515975A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1083331C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3070597A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9711092A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2288646A1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ333211A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997042613A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1083331C (en) | 2002-04-24 |
| JP2002515975A (en) | 2002-05-28 |
| EP0897570A4 (en) | 2000-12-27 |
| EP0897570A2 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
| BR9711092A (en) | 2000-01-11 |
| AU3070597A (en) | 1997-11-26 |
| NZ333211A (en) | 2000-10-27 |
| WO1997042613A3 (en) | 1998-04-09 |
| CA2288646A1 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
| CN1380547A (en) | 2002-11-20 |
| WO1997042613A2 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
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