CN1223609A - Method and device for non-circular grinding of cam shapes with concave flanks - Google Patents
Method and device for non-circular grinding of cam shapes with concave flanks Download PDFInfo
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- CN1223609A CN1223609A CN 97195962 CN97195962A CN1223609A CN 1223609 A CN1223609 A CN 1223609A CN 97195962 CN97195962 CN 97195962 CN 97195962 A CN97195962 A CN 97195962A CN 1223609 A CN1223609 A CN 1223609A
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- emery wheel
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Abstract
A method and an apparatus for grinding cams with concave flanks on a camshaft, use a grinding wheel of relatively small diameter, which is used at least for finish-grinding. The axis of the grinding wheel runs at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the camshaft, and the grinding wheel is aligned at the same angle. In order to achieve a satisfactory running surface, the grinding wheel is tracked along an advance axis running perpendicular to the infeed axis, specifically as a function of the rotational position of the camshaft and of the position of the infeed axis.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method with feature according to claim 1 and as the device of feature as described in the claim 8.
For example car manufactures increase day by day to the cam face demand that has recessed abdomen in the district that changes over to and produce at cam, and this is because these cams can be used for reducing fuel consumption and utilize rotor-lever valve actuation techniques.
A kind of method and apparatus of type known is disclosed among DE 44 26 452 C1.In the prior art, the axis arranged of grinding spindle becomes parallel with the pivot center of workpiece.Because spatial relationship and less emery wheel diameter, this makes and must use very elongated grinding spindle, particularly when they are directly driven by a high-frequency motor, must design grinding spindle than cam axial length.For example at the cam main shaft during greater than 500 millimeters.Just there be the problem relevant with eigentone with the rigidity of grinding spindle.
Also have similar problem in DE 41 37 924 C1, the theme of this prior art relates to and the used relevant operation of grinding spindle of cam correct grinding equally, and the axis of described main shaft is parallel to the workpiece pivot center.
According to DE-PS 678 981, shown in Fig. 3 to 6, its operation is to carry out with the vertically arranged grinding spindle of camshaft line by one.In this prior art, the spill zonule of cam adopts an independent emery wheel grinding to form.Because do not adopt an emery wheel on the whole circumference face of cam, cam face to be finish grinded, consequently in the transition region of concave cam section, form a form error, the diameter of emery wheel is subjected to the restriction of such factor.Promptly the cam of arranging on camshaft longitudinal axis and that cam next door that will grinding is pre-formed maximum emery wheel diameter on by the maximum gauge that rotates at described second cam.In addition, for obtain a periphery cam shape, emery wheel is moved or swing on the camshaft longitudinal axis, and this is consuming time and uneconomic.
And, the known belt filing grinding cam that now adopts.In this system, shortcoming is that the grinding band must frequently be changed, and the operation surface of cam only can be worn into flat.Compare with the grinding of adopting ceramic bonding CBN, change the grinding band continually and can make this system uneconomical.
In addition, for the oblique cam of grinding, whole grinding subassembly must pivot.Cam outer face linearity on the camshaft longitudinal axis can not obtain accurate grinding value.
The objective of the invention is to develop and a kind ofly avoid the apparatus and method of the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, especially adopt a very short and quite rigidity grinding spindle design, and realize high-precision grinding processing cam.
This purpose can be realized by the method for the described feature of claim 1 and the device of the described feature of claim 8.
According to the present invention, the operation of the grinding spindle that the obliquity of grinding spindle can be by adopting the very short and rigidity of a less emery wheel diameter and realizes.Accurately machined camshaft precision can be coordinated to realize by making relative three the different CNC axial-movements of grinding spindle.The result of grinding spindle sloped position is that situation relevant with interference edges in this machine is very simple.Therefore, also be possible even for example the concave cam that has little recessed people's radius on long camshaft is carried out grinding.In addition, for the less emery wheel that is arranged to be parallel to the cam center axis, obviously a situation arises has more flexibility than possible under the grinding spindle situation in this system.
In the belt method for grinding, advantage is to obtain very little recessed people's radius, and the suitable finishing by emery wheel, even can produce spherical and inclination cam running orbit (have or do not have chamfering).
For example under the situation of a few tenths of millimeter grinding size, also can adopt single emery wheel that cam contour is finish grinded.
Other preferred embodiment as claim 1 method is the theme of claim 2 to 7, and other embodiment of claim 8 device is described in claim 9 and 10.
Followingly the present invention is described in more detail with reference to the embodiment that schematically illustrates in the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the plane of a device that constitutes according to the present invention;
Figure 1A shows the part details of device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 2 shows along Fig. 1 center line S-S and passes camshaft and the cross section of emery wheel;
Fig. 3 shows among Fig. 1 the device front view along arrow V direction;
Fig. 4 shows the plane of a variation device, wherein adopts a special-purpose pre-emery wheel to operate.
Fig. 1 shows and is used for grinding and has a grinding spindle 1 that is parallel to the cam outer face 17 of camshaft longitudinal axis 2, and this grinding spindle is arranged to and camshaft longitudinal axis 2 angled α.Emery wheel 3 is trimmed to the taper shape of equal angular, and the grinding area 4 of emery wheel 3 also is arranged to be parallel to camshaft longitudinal axis 2 like this.The result that grinding spindle 1 is in tilted layout is that grinding spindle is shorter than the situation that is parallel to camshaft longitudinal axis 2 layouts significantly and higher rigidity is arranged on structure.Angle [alpha] can choose at random, and is preferably between 10 ° and 30 °, and the size of angle depends on the camshaft geometry.
Camshaft 13 is contained in one and is equipped with between the workhead 9 and a tailstock 11 of a chuck 10, and wherein anchor clamps are mounted to and can rotate around the longitudinal axis on the extension of workpiece pivot center 2.
Workhead 9 and tailstock 11 all are installed on the grinding platform 12 securely.For supporting cam wheel axle 13 in grinding process,, back rest 5 and 7 can prevent that camshaft 13 is crooked in grinding process on grinding platform 12 thereby being installed. Back rest 5 and 7 can be supported on camshaft 13 its supporting- point 6 and 8 places, and accurate alignment between the longitudinal axis of workhead 9 and tailstock 11.
According to the geometry of camshaft 13, required precision and process time, can change the quantity of back rest.Be depicted as two back rests 5 and 7 among Fig. 1 for example, they all are installed on the grinding platform.
The grinding spindle that is used to have the grinding spindle 1 of less emery wheel 3 drives and can adopt a band transmission or a high frequency grinding spindle assembly for example.
Feeding axis X and longitudinal register axis Z have been shown among Fig. 1.The axis Y that vertically advances can be visualized as vertical with view plane.Workpiece rotates around workpiece pivot center C.
When less grinding size, cam contour only adopts emery wheel 3 to make.Yet, when pre-grinding, also can adopt larger-diameter special-purpose emery wheel.
Local detail among Fig. 1 is illustrated among Figure 1A.For the grinding conical cam, promptly on the cam outer face 17 on camshaft longitudinal axis 2 directions, have an oblique angle β, multiple possibility method is arranged.
When the oblique angle of cam outer face 17 β, emery wheel 3 can be trimmed to angle [alpha]
1, (α like this
1+ β=α) is finishing oblique angle β on emery wheel, and the pivoting angle α of grinding spindle 1 remains unchanged.
Another kind of form is, emery wheel 3 still is finished to angle [alpha], and grinding spindle 1 flatly turns over angle beta (alpha+beta=α
2).
As shown in Figure 2, when just at the grinding cam face, grinding area 4 is drifted about above or below theoretical camshaft longitudinal axis 2, and this is because the profile of cam 15 is not circular, thereby in a turning course of cam, grinding area is drifted about between some 4A on the emery wheel and 4B.Under the situation of contact that emery wheel is tilted, generally will make cam outer face 17 distortion.When grinding area is drifted about between a 4A and 4B, should be parallel on workpiece pivot center 2 directions in cam outer face under the situation of periphery cam with the latter, but cam outer face forms inclination in this zone, wherein will not carry out grinding in grinding area 4.In order to prevent this situation, according to the present invention, always accurately carry out in grinding area shown in Figure 24 by grinding, emery wheel 3 is followed the tracks of along the axis Y that vertically advances with whole grinding spindle 1.
In order in the correct grinding process, to obtain best cam geometry, grinding area 4 is always accurately remained on the same position on emery wheel 3 peripheries.
Grinding area 4 must be positioned on the center line 20 of emery wheel circumference of emery wheel 3, and center line 20 is arranged to be parallel to the X-axis line again.
In grinding cam face process, the pursuit movement of emery wheel 3 is illustrated among Fig. 2 by two size A and B.
Fig. 3 shows vertically advance axis Y and longitudinal register axis Z.In addition, also show the pivot center C of workpiece.The feeding axis X can be visualized as perpendicular to view plane extends.
All axis all are used as the CNC axis.The axis Y that advances is used for the grinding area on the emery wheel 34 is remained on same position.Workpiece feeding axis X and pivot center C are used to form cam face, thereby must coordinated manipulation.For grinding area 4 is always remained on the same position of emery wheel 3, the pursuit movement that must make the axis Y that vertically advances is the function of the position of feeding axis X and workpiece pivot center C.As seen, three axis X, Y and Z must operate with direct functional relation mutually, thereby can the coordination mode operation.
Have at camshaft under the situation of big grinding size, for example can adopt design shown in Figure 4.This structure that demonstrates a milling drum has two grinding spindles, first grinding spindle 1a be used for to cam intermediate profile carry out pre-grinding, adopt first bigger emery wheel 3a, for example this emery wheel diameter is 400 millimeters.First grinding spindle 1a need not be arranged to and can move along Y-axis line direction.
In a word, the essence of the inventive method is in the correct grinding process that adopts emery wheel 3, to carry out slotting people's motion of axis X, Y and Z in grinding process.Except adopting grinding spindle 1 to make emery wheel 3 moves both vertically, also it can be installed on the Y-axis line direction with static mode, make workhead 9 with chuck 10, back rest 5,7 and tailstock 11 operations for this purpose, that is to say the vertical slotting people of the relative axis X of whole grinding table apparatus on grinding platform 12 with C.By this, utilize one to have the apparatus structure of new variation also can realize same effect.
Pivotable second grinding spindle 1 plays the effect of correct grinding cam contour, and can hold at least one emery wheel 3.The structure of this grinding spindle as shown in Figures 1 to 3.
Claims (9)
1. a grinding has the method for the cam of recessed abdomen on a camshaft, adopt an emery wheel than minor diameter, and a grinding area is arranged on the outer surface so that cam is finish grinded, it is characterized in that, operation is undertaken by an emery wheel (3), its axis is arranged to become approximately with camshaft longitudinal axis (2) 10 ° to 30 ° angle (α), described whole grinding spindle (1) has the emery wheel (3) of the equal angular of being trimmed to (α), and described main shaft is made pursuit movement on vertical feed axis (Y) direction perpendicular to feeding axis (X), and the grinding area (4) of described like this emery wheel (3) always remains on the same position on the bus of emery wheel (3).
2. in order to implement method according to claim 1, grinding has the device of the cam of recessed abdomen on a camshaft, it adopts an emery wheel than minor diameter, has a grinding area on its outer surface so that cam is finish grinded, it is characterized in that, the grinding spindle and the workpiece pivot center (C) of the emery wheel (3) that will finish grind cam (15) are about 10 ° of angles to 30 ° of degree (α), wherein said emery wheel (3) circular cone is trimmed to equal angular (α), and be provided with and be used to make the device of emery wheel (3) along the perpendicular axis that advances (Y) coordinated movement of various economic factors of feeding axis (X) and relative workpiece pivot center (C), described emery wheel (3) carries out pursuit movement always remains on the same position on the bus of emery wheel (3) grinding area (4).
3. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the pivot center of described workpiece (C), feeding axis (X) and the axis that advances (Y) all are used as the CNC axis, and the axis that advances (Y) pursuit movement is the function of workpiece pivot center (C) and feeding axis (X).
4. as device as described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that described feeding axis (X) is irrelevant with angle (α) and become 90 ° of extensions with workpiece pivot center (C).
5. as each described device in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that in order to produce the cam with a slant operation surface, angle (α) remains unchanged and emery wheel (3) is trimmed to angle of inclination (β).
6. as each described device in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that in order to produce the cam with a slant operation surface, angle (α) can change on one or another direction.
7. as each described device in the claim 2 to 6, it is characterized in that for grinding area (4) always being remained on the same position on emery wheel (3) bus, camshaft (13) can vertically move.
8. as each described device in the claim 2 to 7, it is characterized in that the grinding spindle (1a) with big emery wheel (3a) is used for pre-grinding cam face, and comprise recessed abdomen cam face, finish grind with less emery wheel (3).
9. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the headstock (18) that two grinding spindles (1,1a) are installed can pivot around an axis (19) with respect to camshaft (13) horizontal expansion, and pivot can be brought bigger emery wheel (3a) or last emery wheel (3) into operating position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97195962 CN1223609A (en) | 1996-05-23 | 1997-05-07 | Method and device for non-circular grinding of cam shapes with concave flanks |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19620813.0 | 1996-05-23 | ||
| CN 97195962 CN1223609A (en) | 1996-05-23 | 1997-05-07 | Method and device for non-circular grinding of cam shapes with concave flanks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1223609A true CN1223609A (en) | 1999-07-21 |
Family
ID=5179481
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97195962 Pending CN1223609A (en) | 1996-05-23 | 1997-05-07 | Method and device for non-circular grinding of cam shapes with concave flanks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1223609A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100343021C (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2007-10-17 | 上海交通大学 | Grinding wheel normal tracing method during complex curve grinding process |
| CN100436056C (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-11-26 | 潘旭华 | Cam grinding method |
| CN102452030A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Grinding method, grinding system and multifunction grinding machine |
| CN101968073B (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2012-07-18 | 诺伊曼尔·泰克福尔控股有限公司 | Method of producing functional bodies |
| CN103302571A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-09-18 | 宇环数控机床股份有限公司 | Lift error compensation processing method for camshaft |
| CN105598789A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-25 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Machining apparatus and machining method |
| CN113597517A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-11-02 | 蒂森克虏伯股份公司 | Method for producing a sealing surface on a bearing ring and large-scale rolling bearing |
-
1997
- 1997-05-07 CN CN 97195962 patent/CN1223609A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100343021C (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2007-10-17 | 上海交通大学 | Grinding wheel normal tracing method during complex curve grinding process |
| CN101968073B (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2012-07-18 | 诺伊曼尔·泰克福尔控股有限公司 | Method of producing functional bodies |
| CN100436056C (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-11-26 | 潘旭华 | Cam grinding method |
| CN102452030A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Grinding method, grinding system and multifunction grinding machine |
| CN102452030B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Method for grinding, grinding system and Multi-function grinding lathe |
| CN103302571A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-09-18 | 宇环数控机床股份有限公司 | Lift error compensation processing method for camshaft |
| CN103302571B (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2015-06-17 | 宇环数控机床股份有限公司 | Lift error compensation processing method for camshaft |
| CN105598789A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-25 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Machining apparatus and machining method |
| CN105598789B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2019-11-26 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Processing unit (plant) and processing method |
| CN113597517A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-11-02 | 蒂森克虏伯股份公司 | Method for producing a sealing surface on a bearing ring and large-scale rolling bearing |
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