CN1223159C - Method of supporting address transfer application network - Google Patents
Method of supporting address transfer application network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1223159C CN1223159C CN 02125708 CN02125708A CN1223159C CN 1223159 C CN1223159 C CN 1223159C CN 02125708 CN02125708 CN 02125708 CN 02125708 A CN02125708 A CN 02125708A CN 1223159 C CN1223159 C CN 1223159C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for supporting an application gateway for address translation, which comprises the steps that an application gateway log-in table for address translation is arranged on a router; each item of the log-in table identifies an application protocol; an interface for processing a callback function is defined in a network address translation (NAT) module. If the NAT needs to support a new application protocol, a processing function corresponding to the application protocol is established according to the interface for specially processing callback function aiming at the address information of message load of the protocol, wherein the address information needs processing; the address information is registered to the application gateway log-in table. In a communication process, when a new protocol appears, the application protocol is identified by looking up the application gateway log-in table; the address translation of the application gateway is realized by a callback function of the registered application protocol. The present invention effectively solves the problem that the address translation is realized by continuously supporting a new application protocol.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data communication field, relate in particular to a kind of method of supporting address convertion applied gateway by the mode of searching the application gateway registration table.
Technical background
Popularizing rapidly of Internet causes IP address resource problem of shortage outstanding day by day, proposes NAT technology (NAT Network Address Translation) for solving this contradiction.The address transition technology allows many shared same legal publicly-owned addresses visit Internet of internal hosts, has solved IP address problem of shortage effectively, but can cause many application protocols to the NAT sensitivity can't operate as normal thus.
The following three class network addresss reservation of Internet Assigned Number Authority regulation is used as privately owned address:
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
As shown in Figure 1, internal network just has been to use the internal lan of above-mentioned " a privately owned address ".By the address transition technology, can make the All hosts (perhaps part main frame) of this internal lan can visit Internet.
Address transition has one to one and PAT (port address translation) dual mode.The address transition of mode one to one, only the IP address information in the message is changed, in this manner, each internal host will take an IP address in the address pool, when the address in the address pool is used up, just can not allow other host access Internet.Therefore, the NAT mode only allows several main frames to visit Internet simultaneously, and the number of host that can visit Internet simultaneously is subjected to what limitation of legal address.
The address transition of PAT mode has been used the port information of TCP/UDP, distinguish the externally difference connection of initiation of main frame of internal lan with " address+port ", promptly want the source address in the translation data bag also to want conversion port information, therefore many main frames of internal lan can be shared an IP address visit Internet, can allow more internal host to visit Internet simultaneously like this.In the process that reality is used, the PAT mode is topmost address transition mode.
Therefore address transition has changed the IP address information of IP data packet head, can hide the real IP address of internal lan, has certain safeguard protection effect, but can cause many application protocols to the address transition sensitivity can't operate as normal thus.
So-called agreement to the NAT sensitivity is meant in the payload of some message of this agreement carries address information, needs NAT to carry out special processing, also needs to change the address information in the data message load except the address information that changes IP packet header.If conversion process is carried out in these IP addresses and port numbers, will have a strong impact on a quasi-protocol of follow-up protocol interaction not according to address translation rule.One very typical application be exactly File Transfer Protocol, be the example explanation below with FTP.
Comprise two kinds of connections in FTP: control connection (session), data connect (transmission).Wherein control connection is that the TCP of 21 ports be familiar with everybody connects.It is to pass through good address and the port of its initialization of control connection " notice " server by client that data connect, and ftp server is sent to client by 20 ports (default situations) with data then.In the time of the client announcement server, can use " PORT order ", in the data that current TCP connects, be so wherein: " PORT10,110,1; 2; 13,23 D A " (expression: port=13＜＜8+23, address=10.110.1.2, wherein the address is exactly the IP address of client in the internal network), so server just can have been known address that the data of client connect and port.Clearly, in the process of address transition, for the PORT order, we must change the data among the corresponding TCP simultaneously except changing IP address and port information, so just can guarantee to make the ftp server end to send to correct client to data.
Along with the development of Internet, the application protocol that address transition need be supported is more and more, must carry out at each the agreement of NAT sensitivity being carried out special processing to it, just needs to realize the address transition application level gateway of these agreements.Increase along with using requires address transition can support new application gateway easily, has good expandability on flow process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly the shortcoming at prior art, proposes a kind ofly to support the method for address convertion applied gateway by logon mode, to solve after the address transition support to agreement.
A kind of method of supporting address convertion applied gateway is characterized in that:
On router, create the address convertion applied gateway registration table, a kind of application protocol of each registry key sign;
The interface of a special processing call back function of definition in network address conversion module, if NAT need support a kind of new application protocol, according to above-mentioned special processing call back function interface, the address information that needs to handle in the message load at described new application protocol is set up application corresponding protocol processes function, and is registered to the application gateway registration table;
In communication process, when new agreement occurred, address conversion module was carried out the conversion of address information in the heading by network address translation after receiving the message that the IP layer transmits;
Discern described new application protocol by searching the application gateway registration table, determine that according to lookup result if do not need, address transition finishes to the whether special processing of needs application gateway of described message; If desired, then
By calling the application protocol call back function of registration, the address information in the conversion message load, thereby the address transition of realization application gateway.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway comprises that also processing call back function pointer with IP protocol number, well-known port number and the application protocol of this application protocol correspondence is as the registration parameter.
Described application protocol is handled function, only the privately owned address in this protocol massages load is converted to legal publicly-owned address.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway, comprise that also is provided with an Access Control List (ACL) step, this tabulation be according to IP packet header with and the rule of the formal definition of the upper-layer protocol data packet head that carried, whether the data message is carried out address transition by this rule judgment.
Described application protocol message is to the server forwards that is positioned on the public network, need carry out different special processings during with server forwards in private network, application gateway need provide the application protocol of special processing to handle function for the server of diverse location respectively, these are handled function and all are registered in the application gateway registry key, and which call back function is the address transition flow process call according to the decision of message forwarding destination server position.
Described application protocol message is transmitted to public network by private network, with when private network is transmitted, need carry out different special processings from public network, application gateway need be handled function for conversion direction and reduction direction provide the application protocol of special processing respectively, these are handled function and all are registered in the application gateway registry key, and which call back function is the address transition flow process determine to call according to the message forwarding direction.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway, the flow process that data message is transmitted to public network by private network is:
A, address conversion module judge whether and will carry out address transition to this message that if do not need conversion just directly to transmit, conversion then entering step b if desired according to Access Control List (ACL) after receiving the message that the IP layer transfers;
B, the source address information of getting message are searched the address transition hash table, if do not find, just create a new address transition hash table according to the address transition of configuration, have write down privately owned address and legal Internet address information in this address transition hash table;
C, according to the information of address transition hash table record, the source address of message is converted to legal Internet address;
D, search the application gateway registration table, determine the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message if do not need, is promptly only needed the address information in the conversion heading according to lookup result, address transition finishes, otherwise enters step e;
E, handle function by the application protocol that calls this agreement special processing, the address information in the conversion message load.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway in the steps d, for inside host access Internet server, only need be searched the application gateway registry key according to IP protocol number and destination interface.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway, the transfer process among the step c is finished by NAT, has only changed the IP address in the heading.
The method of described support address convertion applied gateway, the flow process of being transmitted to private network by public network when data message is:
After a, address conversion module are received the message that the IP layer transfers, destination address, destination interface according to message are searched the address transition record to address transition hash table the inside, if there is not corresponding address transition hash table, then do not carry out the NAT conversion, message is directly transmitted, if found corresponding address transition hash table, then entered step b;
B, according to the information of address conversion that writes down in the hash table, address conversion module converts the destination address information in the heading to the address of private user;
C, search the application gateway registration table, determine that according to lookup result if do not need, address reduction flow process finishes, if desired, enters steps d to the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message;
D, the application protocol that calls the reduction direction are handled function, the address information in the conversion message load.
Among the described step b, only changed the IP address in the heading.
The present invention is on the basis of realizing general address translation feature, and the mode of registering by particular protocol provides perfect address convertion applied gateway to expand mechanism.If address transition is supported a kind of new application protocol, only need the address transition application level gateway of this agreement of exploitation, by the application gateway of this method registration means it is registered, just can be so that this agreement of NAT technical support, and do not need to change NAT flow process and other agreement of having supported.The present invention is convenient to support new application protocol on flow process, having solved address transition well needs the continuous problem of supporting new application protocol.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a NAT typical case networking diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is IP message of the present invention is mail to Internet by inner private network an address transition flow chart;
Fig. 3 is IP message of the present invention is mail to inner private network by Internet an address transition flow chart.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Core concept of the present invention is to expand NAT by the mode of registering to support new application gateway, by searching application gateway registry key identification application protocol, realizes the address transition flow process of application gateway again by the call back function of registration.
The present invention wants to create earlier an address convertion applied gateway registration table on router, the special processing call back function pointer that comprises application gateway in this table, the IP protocol number, the well-known port number that also comprise this agreement correspondence, like this, each registry key has just identified a kind of special application protocol;
At special processing call back function interface of NAT definition, the definition mode of this interface may have different definition according to different developers, but major function all is the effect of a function pointer.When NAT need support a kind of new application protocol, by the developer according to above-mentioned special processing call back function interface, the address information exploitation application corresponding protocol processes function that needs in the message load at this agreement to handle, and with this function as the registration parameter registration in the application gateway registration table.This application protocol is handled function and is only needed the privately owned address in this protocol massages load is converted to legal publicly-owned address, and needn't handle the address information in the heading.
Because the application protocol message is transmitted and is transmitted to private network from public network to public network from private network, might need different processing modes, so the application protocol of exploitation is handled function may be identical, also may be inequality, therefore can develop different application protocols and handle function, the application protocol that is divided into conversion direction and reduction direction is handled function, and this will determine according to actual conditions.
Equally, because the application protocol message is to the server forwards that is positioned on the public network, need carry out different special processings during with server forwards in private network, application gateway need provide the application protocol of special processing to handle function for the server of diverse location respectively, these are handled function and all are registered in the application gateway registry key, and which call back function is the address transition flow process call according to the decision of message forwarding destination server position.
At last, the processing call back function pointer of the IP protocol number of this application protocol correspondence, well-known port number, application protocol as the registration parameter, is created new application gateway registry key, this list item is added in the application gateway registration table that forms previously.Realize new application gateway,, and do not need NAT basic function module and other application gateway are carried out any modification by the registration means of NAT basic function module.
Occur as new agreement, discern this application protocol, handle the address transition that function is realized application gateway by the application protocol of registration by searching the application gateway registration table that forms above.
In use, Access Control List (ACL) can be set, this tabulation is actually a judgment rule, be according to the formal definition of the upper-layer protocol data packet head of IP packet header and its carrying rule, can represent permission or forbid having some feature the packet of (header data can be described), whether the data message that comes and goes be carried out address transition by this rule judgment.Carry out address transition if desired, then discern this application protocol, handle the address transition that function is realized application gateway by the application protocol of registration by searching the application gateway registration table.
As shown in Figure 2, be in the present invention, the flow process that the data message is transmitted to public network by private network specifically comprises the steps:
After a, address conversion module are received the message that the IP layer transfers, judge whether and to carry out address transition to this message according to the Access Control List (ACL) of definition, if do not need conversion just directly to transmit; Conversion if desired continues step b;
B, source address (port) the information searching address transition hash table of getting message, if do not find, just create a new hash table according to the address transition of configuration, privately owned address (port) and legal Internet address (port) information have been write down in this hash table, write down information such as address after the source address, source port, agreement, time, conversion of each NAT conversion and port in the hash table, the mode that each developer realizes may be different because algorithm is different;
C, according to the information of address transition hash table record, the source address of message is converted to legal Internet address;
Above-mentioned transfer process is finished by the NAT basic function, in fact only changed the IP address (port) in the heading, all need the message of address transition all to need through above transfer process, and no matter whether this message belongs to special application protocol, above step is actually prior NAT address transition unanimity.
D, search the application gateway registration table:,, only need search the application gateway registry key according to IP protocol number and destination interface because this destination interface is a well-known port for the application of inside host access Internet server by the address transition flow process; The address transition flow process is determined the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message if do not need, is promptly only needed address (port) information in the conversion heading according to lookup result, and address transition finishes; If desired message is carried out special processing, then enter step e;
E, address transition flow process are handled function by the application protocol that special processing call back function pointer directly calls this agreement, the address information in the conversion message load.Since in the application gateway registry key registration in advance the pointer of this special processing call back function, so the address transition flow process can directly call this call back function by function pointer, the address information in the conversion message load.
Behind steps d, e, the privately owned address in the message load is converted into legal Internet address, the follow-up reciprocal process of application protocol can normally be finished.
As shown in Figure 3, be the inside private net address flow path switch figure that IP message of the present invention is mail to by Internet, as we can see from the figure, message mails to inner private network by Internet, the flow process of address transition reduction similarly, different is that the address reduction process is only searched the hash table that has existed, the destination address information of message is converted to the address information of inner private network, and process is as follows:
After a, address conversion module are received the message that the IP layer transfers, destination address, destination interface according to message are searched the address transition record to address transition hash table the inside, if there is not corresponding address transition hash table, then do not carry out the NAT conversion, message is directly transmitted, if found corresponding address transition hash table, then entered step b;
B, according to the information of address conversion that writes down in the hash table, address conversion module becomes the destination address in the heading (port) information translation the address of private user;
Above-mentioned transfer process also is to be finished by the NAT basic function, has in fact only changed the IP address in the heading.
C, address reduction flow process is searched the application gateway registration table, determines that according to lookup result if do not need, address reduction flow process finishes, if desired, enters steps d to the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message;
The application protocol of d, address reduction process invocation reduction direction is handled function, the address information in the conversion message load.
The present invention is on the basis of realizing general address translation feature, and the mode of registering by particular protocol provides perfect address convertion applied gateway to expand mechanism.If address transition is supported a kind of new application protocol, only need the address transition application level gateway of this agreement of exploitation, by the application gateway of this method registration means it is registered, just can be so that this agreement of NAT technical support, and do not need to change NAT flow process and other agreement of having supported.The present invention is convenient to support new application protocol on flow process, having solved address transition well needs the continuous problem of supporting new application protocol.
We are that example illustrates with foregoing File Transfer Protocol.
Make NAT can support File Transfer Protocol, allow the FTP website on the user capture Internet of inner private network, must determine to carry out special conversion to which message of FTP, need carry out which type of processing.When the user GET file of private network or when carrying out the LIST order, can in FTP control message, send order " PORT10; 110; 1,2,13; 23 D A " (expression: port=13＜＜8+23, the address=10.110.1.2), address wherein is user's private network IP address, and the ftp server on the Internet can order the port of appointment to send the data connection to PORT.Obviously, if not to PORT order carrying out special processing, setting up the data connection can fail, the privately owned address that the PORT order must be carried is converted to legal Internet address, and the address that connection is used according to data and address transition hash table of port establishment, can active initiate the data connection to allow ftp server to the main frame of private user.
The developer handles function according to the corresponding File Transfer Protocol of special processing call back function interface exploitation of NAT definition.This processing function is responsible for the privately owned address that FTP PORT order is carried is converted to legal Internet address, and, could allow ftp server initiatively to initiate the FTP data like this and connect to the private user main frame according to port and address transition hash table of address creation that PORT orders appointment.This processing function only need be handled the content of FTP control message load, and needn't change address and the interior port numbers of TCP head in the message IP head, and address in the IP head and the port numbers in the TCP head are responsible for being converted to publicly-owned address by the NAT basic function module.
At last, FIP PORT process of commands function is registered in the application gateway registration table.The control connection of FTP is used well-known TCP21 port, only Transmission Control Protocol, well-known port 21, FTP PORT command processing function need be created an application gateway registry key as the registration parameter, when router startup, call corresponding registration function and add in the application gateway registration table.So just, can make NAT support File Transfer Protocol.
The detailed process front of NAT conversion FTP PORT message was narrated, and no longer described at this.
More than for example as can be seen, support new application gateway by the registration means of NAT basic function module, only need to develop corresponding application protocol special processing function and register, and do not need NAT basic function module and other application gateway are carried out any modification.
Be not difficult to find out that from top embodiment the present invention realizes simply need not increasing new hardware device, and to existing intelligent net system without any restriction, but can make things convenient for the user greatly.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of method of supporting address convertion applied gateway is characterized in that:
Create the address convertion applied gateway registration table on router, each registry key identifies a kind of application protocol;
The interface of a special processing call back function of definition in network address conversion module, if NAT need support a kind of new application protocol, according to above-mentioned special processing call back function interface, the address information that needs to handle in the message load at described new application protocol is set up application corresponding protocol processes function, and is registered to the application gateway registration table;
In communication process, when new agreement occurred, address conversion module was carried out the conversion of address information in the heading by network address translation after receiving the message that the IP layer transmits;
Discern described new application protocol by searching the application gateway registration table, determine that according to lookup result if do not need, address transition finishes to the whether special processing of needs application gateway of described message; If desired, then
By calling the application protocol call back function of registration, the address information in the conversion message load, thereby the address transition of realization application gateway.
2, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising that processing call back function pointer with IP protocol number, well-known port number and the application protocol of this application protocol correspondence is as the registration parameter.
3, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described application protocol processing function, only the privately owned address in this protocol massages load is converted to legal publicly-owned address.
4, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that also comprising one the Access Control List (ACL) step is set, this tabulation be according to IP packet header with and the rule of the formal definition of the upper-layer protocol data packet head that carried, whether the data message is carried out address transition by this rule judgment.
5, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that described application protocol message is to the server forwards that is positioned on the public network, need carry out different special processings during with server forwards in private network, application gateway need provide the application protocol of special processing to handle function for the server of diverse location respectively, these are handled function and all are registered in the application gateway registry key, and which call back function is the address transition flow process call according to the decision of message forwarding destination server position.
6, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described application protocol message transmitted to public network by private network, with when private network is transmitted, need carry out different special processings from public network, application gateway need be handled function for conversion direction and reduction direction provide the application protocol of special processing respectively, these are handled function and all are registered in the application gateway registry key, and which call back function is the address transition flow process determine to call according to the message forwarding direction.
7, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the flow process that data message is transmitted to public network by private network is:
A, address conversion module judge whether and will carry out address transition to this message that if do not need conversion just directly to transmit, conversion then entering step b if desired according to Access Control List (ACL) after receiving the message that the IP layer transfers;
B, the source address information of getting message are searched the address transition hash table, if do not find, just create a new address transition hash table according to the address transition of configuration, have write down privately owned address and legal Internet address information in this address transition hash table;
C, according to the information of address transition hash table record, the source address of message is converted to legal 1nternet address;
D, search the application gateway registration table, determine the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message if do not need, is promptly only needed the address information in the conversion heading according to lookup result, address transition finishes, otherwise enters step e;
E, handle function by the application protocol that calls this agreement special processing, the address information in the conversion message load.
8, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that in the steps d, for inside host access Internet server, only need search the application gateway registry key according to IP protocol number and destination interface.
9, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that the transfer process among the step c is finished by NAT, has only changed the IP address in the heading.
10, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that when the flow process that data message is transmitted to private network by public network being:
After a, address conversion module are received the message that the IP layer transfers, destination address, destination interface according to message are searched the address transition record to address transition hash table the inside, if there is not corresponding address transition hash table, then do not carry out the NAT conversion, message is directly transmitted, if found corresponding address transition hash table, then entered step b;
B, according to the information of address conversion that writes down in the hash table, address conversion module converts the destination address information in the heading to the address of private user;
C, search the application gateway registration table, determine that according to lookup result if do not need, address reduction flow process finishes, if desired, enters steps d to the whether special processing of needs application gateway of this message;
D, the application protocol that calls the reduction direction are handled function, the address information in the conversion message load.
11, the method for support address convertion applied gateway as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that among the described step b, has only changed the IP address in the heading.
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| CN 02125708 CN1223159C (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2002-08-13 | Method of supporting address transfer application network |
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| CN 02125708 CN1223159C (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2002-08-13 | Method of supporting address transfer application network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100452769C (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2009-01-14 | 武汉市中光通信公司 | System of soft exchange network passing through firewall based on ALG+MP and its method |
| CN100531158C (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2009-08-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | System and method for enabling wireless access gateway to support transparent agent |
| CN101119324B (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2010-04-14 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Network address converting attribute self-adaptive method and apparatus |
| CN101483590B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2011-03-23 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Network communication equipment and packet routing method thereof |
| JP5434600B2 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2014-03-05 | 日本電気株式会社 | Gateway device, communication system, and communication method |
| CN101620536B (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2012-11-14 | 用友软件股份有限公司 | Method and device for invoking performance function |
| CN101635676B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-07-27 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Message processing method and network equipment |
| CN101697528B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-11-16 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for sharing loads between NAT gateway devices |
| CN103166855B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2016-09-21 | 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 | Identify and the method and system of the address information in switching network message |
| CN103684909B (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2017-06-13 | 广州西维尔计算机***有限公司 | Information processing method and system based on event source |
| CN105591863B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2019-11-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus for realizing virtual private cloud network Yu external network intercommunication |
| CN105827427B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2020-06-23 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Information processing method and electronic equipment |
| CN106484947A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-03-08 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Based on event driven electrical network CIM/E model analyzing method |
| CN113489811B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-05-23 | 迈普通信技术股份有限公司 | IPv6 flow processing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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